联合国大会第80届会议第二委员会 - 第9次全体会议 联合国大会 Date: 10 October 2025 Language: English Transcript: https://transcripts.un.org/zh/ga/c2/80/9?lang=en Transcripts available through this tool are created by using automatic speech recognition and are not official records nor official documents of the United Nations. Official records and official documents are available on the Official Document System of the United Nations. --- 2nd Committee · Chair [0:05]: Good morning. Could the distinguished delegates take their seats, please? The ninth meeting of the Second Committee is called to order. I invite now the Committee to jointly consider agenda items 15, Information and Communications Technologies for Sustainable Development, and agenda item 20, Globalization and Interdependence, and its sub-items A, B, and C. The documentation under these items is listed in today's journal, and we will now proceed with the introduction of the reports. I would kindly like to remind the introducers of reports that the announced time limit for one introduction is six minutes. I first invite Mr. Angel Gonzalez-Sanz, Head of Technology, Innovation and Knowledge Development at the Division on Technology and Logistics at the United Nations Trade and Development, New York Office. to introduce via video link under item 15, the report of the Secretary General on progress made in the implementation of and follow up to the outcomes of the World Summit on the Information Society at the regional and international levels as contained in document A/60/318. excuse me, A/80/62, and item 20A, the report of the Secretary-General on science, technology and innovation for development, as contained in document A/80/221. Please play the video. UNCTAD · Head of Technology, Innovation and Knowledge Development [2:04]: Mr. Chairperson. It's actually not a video, but a live presentation from Geneva. May I proceed? 2nd Committee · Chair [2:13]: Please go ahead. UNCTAD · Head of Technology, Innovation and Knowledge Development [2:16]: Thank you, Mr. Chairperson. I am honored to introduce this report of the Secretary General on the progress made in the implementation of and the follow-up to the outcomes of the World Summit on the Information Society at the regional and international levels. This report was prepared by the UNCTAD Secretariat in its capacity of Secretariat of the UN Commission on Science and Technology for Development, based on the information provided by 31 entities in the United Nations system, international organizations and other stakeholders concerning their efforts in the implementation of the outcomes. The adoption of the Pact for the Future and the Global Digital Compact is the most significant development covered in this report. The GDC established a broader framework for digital cooperation, including commitments on connectivity, rights, and governance of emerging technologies. In this regard, I'm pleased to report that, as mandated by the GDC, the Commission on Science and Technology for Development has established a multi-stakeholder working group on data governance at all levels. This working group serves as a dedicated platform to develop principles and frameworks for safe, inclusive and development-oriented data governance. Its work is progressing through intercessional tracks led by Member States and experts from a wide range of other stakeholders. As a matter of fact, one consultation is taking place, as I report to you. These tracks address four key areas. First, fundamental principles of data governance, second, interoperability, third, considerations of sharing the benefits of data, and fourth, data flows. The working group will report on its progress to the General Assembly by no later than the 81st session. Distinguished delegates, the report notes that in the 20 years that have passed since the World Summit on the Information Society established a people-centered, inclusive, and development-oriented framework for harnessing the potential of digital technologies, progress has been significant, but digital divides remain within and among countries. The report notes the continued relevance of this vision as we approach the conclusion of the WISES+20 review in December. This review provides a crucial opportunity to take stock of achievements and gaps and to ensure effective collaboration with other processes, including the implementation of the GDC, so that our collaborative efforts are coherent, avoid unnecessary duplication, and align with the broader objectives of sustainable development. In this regard, and in preparation of the WSIS+20 review, the ECOSOC requested the CSTD to gather multi-stakeholder inputs, conduct substantive discussions, and consider the findings at its 28th session in April 25. I am pleased to report that the CSTD has submitted to the General Assembly, through the ECOSOC, the results of its WSIS+20 work, as well as a report by the UNTAD Secretariat, which will inform, we hope, the discussion of the WSIS+20 review. Before concluding, I would like to note that the Secretary-General's report highlights the promise of rapid advances in artificial intelligence alongside other frontier technologies, including boosting productivity and enhancing essential services such as education, health, and commerce. At the same time, the pace of technological progress has exceeded initial expectations, bringing with it a range of complex challenges. In addition to increasing investment in public digital infrastructure, the expansion of the government services and the development of digital skills, member states may also wish to prioritize policies that address risks associated with digitalization, which includes cybersecurity, disinformation, surveillance and environmental impacts, while ensuring the governance of frontier technologies such as artificial intelligence and robotics is ethical, inclusive and development-oriented. Let me move now to the report of the Secretary General on Science, Technology and Innovation for Sustainable Development. This report provides information on the implementation of GA resolution 78/160. The report discusses the role of science, technology and innovation in addressing multiple crises and reducing poverty. It underlines that science, technology and innovation offers transformative solutions to foster the achievement of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and to address multiple crises facing the world. The first key message of the report is that seizing those opportunities requires domestic action backed by international collaboration and support. The second message is that countries need to harness effectively both mature technologies and newer frontier technologies which are evolving quickly and are resulting in profound global changes. Technologies such as artificial intelligence offer huge benefits for transformation and diversification, productivity, growth, and competitiveness, but also create new risks. Third, the report argues that new technology divides are opening up across and within countries with the rapid development of frontier technologies. Developing countries require improved innovation systems, stronger scientific, technological, and innovation capabilities. better infrastructure, increased funding, and effective technology transfer and absorption. Fourth, technological advancements are reshaping economic diversification opportunities, challenging export-oriented models, and fueling a shift towards knowledge-intensive and digital-driven growth. As the global economy moves towards services and digitalization, it is essential to rethink industrial and innovation policies to drive the structural transformation and industrial upgrading. Lastly, digital frontier technologies offer developing countries new opportunities to diversify their economies through three key channels. First, enhancing productivity and boosting export growth. Second, fostering new industries such as telemedicine or electronic commerce. And third, promoting a green and digital transition through efficiency and the emergence of new green industries. However, as noted before, digitalization also presents risks, including the potential for re-shoring that could undermine developing countries' participation in global value chains, a reduction in demand for lower-skilled labor, and a widening productivity gap due to barriers to accessing new digital technologies. Looking ahead, the report underscores the role of technology assessment and technology foresight exercises in helping countries understand and set the implications of technologies for socioeconomic systems and sustainable development. Together, these practices support a comprehensive framework for national decision making, enabling a strategic forward-looking evidence-based policy and building capacity for anticipatory technology governance. The report suggests that an international mechanism to facilitate technology foresight and technology assessment is highly desirable. The report also argues that international cooperation on frontier technologies, especially AI, is essential and recommends the governments establish international guidance on AI development that favors the public interest by developing consistent normative frameworks, ethical guidelines, standards, and regulations on frontier technologies. All countries have a stake in the future of AI, but very few have influence over the direction that it's taking, which may result in a failure of global AI governance. The report calls for multi-stakeholder cooperation to make AI accessible and beneficial for everyone, and to foster inclusive innovation in tackling global challenges. In conclusion, the report highlights six specific areas for stronger STI collaboration at the international level. First, reinforcing efforts to build an inclusive global STI agenda. Second, developing a multilateral STI foresight and assessment system. Third, building enabling digital skills environments. Fourth, fostering investment in STI and public-private partnerships. Fifth, strengthening research networks and collaboration among different actors. And finally, promoting technology and knowledge transfer. Thank you very much for your attention. 2nd Committee · Chair [10:28]: I thank the Head of Technology, Innovation and Knowledge Development at the Division on Technology and Logistics of UNCTAD for his statement. I now invite Mr. Elliot Mintzenberg, Director of the New York Liaison Office and UNESCO representative to the United Nations in New York, to introduce under item 20B, the note by the Secretary-General on culture and sustainable development as contained in document A/80/235. Mr. Mintzenberg, you have the floor. UNESCO · Director, New York Liaison Office and UNESCO Representative to the UN [11:09]: Thank you, Madam Chair. Excellencies, distinguished delegates, as just mentioned, in accordance with General Assembly resolution 78/161, I'm pleased to present the biannual report on culture and sustainable development prepared by UNESCO and transmitted to the General Assembly by the Secretary-General. The report covers the period from June 2023 to June 2025. Since the last report, global recognition of culture's strategic role in sustainable development has reached an unprecedented level. For the first time, culture is formally included in the UN Sustainable Development Framework adopted at the head of state and government level. The Pact for the Future. This momentum was further reinforced in the outcome document of the fourth Financing for Development Conference, the Seville Commitment, and in the ministerial declaration of the 2025 High Level Political Forum, both of which underline culture's place within global financing and policy frameworks for the SDGs. The establishment of the Group of Friends of Culture, launched in February 2025 here at the UN, has now also created a dedicated diplomatic platform to advance the cultural agenda across the UN system in New York. And I would like to take this opportunity to thank the permanent missions of Cyprus, Egypt, Italy, Mexico, and the UAE for their leadership in advancing this important topic at the UN. The UNESCO World Conference on Cultural Policies, MundiAcult 2025, which just concluded in Barcelona, Spain, last week, marked another pivotal moment in consolidating this shared commitment. In its outcome document, endorsed by over 160 countries, Ministers affirm a strong ambition to place culture at the heart of development policies. At the conference, UNESCO launched new tools and the first global report on cultural policies, providing fresh data and guidance for action on gender equality, culture and peace, artificial intelligence, and arts education. The numbers are compelling. Cultural and creative industries. Generate 3.4% of global GDP and 3.6% of global employment, while cultural tourism produced over $740 billion in 2023. Yet stark disparities persist. Per capita cultural spending in Europe and North America exceeds $400, nearly 13 times higher than in other regions. Women remain severely underrepresented in leadership position in the sector and earn up to 27% less than men. And despite their potential to enhance inclusion, unequal access to digital tools and the surge of AI-driven content risk undermining equity in the cultural sphere. As such, international cooperation will be of the essence to ensure that every country and every community can benefit from the immense potential the cultural and creative industries offer today. Distinguished delegates, I would. Like to highlight the main lessons and recommendations that have been made in the report that you have before you. First, governments increasingly recognize cultural rights as pillars of sustainable development. The situation of artists, their fair payment, and their artistic freedom are better protected. And furthermore, policies include gender equality, cultural rights of refugees, disability, as well as the rights of indigenous people in terms of new forms of education that reflect their aspirations. Second, following the adoption of a cultural and artistic framework in Abu Dhabi that was adopted, we call for more protection of arts and heritage and also focus on these issues in school programs. Third, the report indicates that it should be a motor for innovation and employment in Africa. There are different mechanisms that support investment. This should be supported by ambitious policies for cinema, music, and cultural industries with the African Union regarding creative industries. Fourth, Culture is now recognized as an essential partner in climate action in COP28. This was recognized through the adoption of the framework of the UAE for global climate resilience that includes global heritage. Museums and cultural institutions are spaces for education, sustainable development, and for community mobilization, particularly in small, in SIDS. Five, the report indicates that culture plays a key role in building peace and social cohesion. This is essential that and I would like to highlight it here, but it remains vulnerable as. Cultural heritage is attacked and pillaged. This is why UNESCO and its partners support dialogue and national capabilities as well as international cooperation when it comes to the restitution of cultural goods and furthermore, the support to artists. Sixth, the digital transformation redefines creation, diffusion, dissemination and access to culture as well as overcoming ethical challenges of government. The report calls for stronger international cooperation regarding artificial intelligence, which is based on transparency, responsibility, and diversity. Finally, throughout the world, cities and local communities are mobilizing culture as a source of sustainable urban development, cultural tourism, contribute to stimulating local economies as well as preserving heritage. In conclusion, ladies and gentlemen, delegates, the report indicates that culture is essential for peace, resilience and inclusive prosperity, and it has a central role in the sustainable development agenda. And is ready to continue. Supporting Member States in ensuring that culture remains a source of identity, innovation and hope in building sustainable development for Thank you for your attention. 2nd Committee · Chair [17:54]: I thank the Director of the UNESCO New York Office for his statement. I next invite Mr. Shantanu Mukherjee, Director of the Economic Analysis and Policy Division in the Department of Economic and Social Affairs, to introduce under item 20C, the note by the Secretary-General on development cooperation with middle-income countries, as contained in document document A/80/418. Mr. Mukherjee, the floor is yours, please. DESA · Director, Economic Analysis and Policy Division [18:28]: Thank you, Madam Chair, distinguished delegates, ladies and gentlemen. As requested by the General Assembly resolution 78/162, this report A/80/418 presents an in-depth analysis of the support available to middle-income countries in their pursuit of inclusive and just transition pathways for sustainable development, including the impact of new and inclusive development approaches. Such support is more important than ever. Although MICs, or middle-income countries, as a group have made great progress towards sustainable development, multiple challenges are reshaping previously established development pathways. Large-scale climate disruptions, changing trade relationships, and rapid technological change, including the onset of AI, all exacerbate structural barriers to sustainable development. At the same time, mixed response capacities are being strained. Average economic growth across this group is expected to turn out at about 4.2% over 2024 to 2026, well below the pre-pandemic average of 5.6%. Fiscal space has shrunk, public debt burdens are going up, and there's mounting debt service payments which crowd out investments in sustainable development. As of July 2025, the middle-income country category comprises 104 economies with gross national income per capita ranging from $1,136 to $13,935. This spectrum reflects the diversity of economic structures, capacities and development challenges within the group. For instance, economic growth in mix has not always corresponded with a marked increase decrease in multidimensional poverty. Persistent gender inequality remains a challenge in many. and the multidimensional vulnerability index shows that there are 24 MICS among the one-third most vulnerable countries worldwide. Distinguished delegate, the report also draws on the high-level meeting convened by the President of the General Assembly on the 1st of April, 2025, under the theme addressing structural barriers to sustainable development in middle-income countries. Key messages from the meeting include the urgency of adopting new development frameworks that move beyond GDP and the importance of strengthening tailored international support, including access to finance, technology, capacity building, and the critical role of South-South and triangular cooperation. The analytical findings of this report reinforce these messages. New development pathways would be characterized by economics transformation, expansion to low carbon sectors, changed food systems, inclusive labor markets, technical innovation, digitalization, well-developed human capital, and social dialogue to ensure that no one is left behind. Such transformations require integrated policies that advance economic prosperity while embedding social inclusion and environmental stewardship. Policymakers must harness technological advancements and strengthen institutional capacities, paying special attention to the inclusion of women and girls and people, groups and vulnerable situations. However, makes face significant financing gaps for capital investments, even as they are addressing their current spending needs. The report therefore calls for. Greater multilateral support, including concessional financing based on multidimensional vulnerabilities and adherence to new collective quantified goal on climate finance agreed at COP 29, which commits developed countries to deliver at least 300 billion annually to developing countries by 2035. Additional efforts towards reforming the international debt architecture with concrete actions, including strengthening of debt management, debt transparency, responsible borrowing and lending, significant lowering of borrowing costs, restoration of debt sustainability, including through a review of the sovereign debt architecture, and the harnessing of technological advancements, strengthening of institutional capacities, enhancing social protection in support of just and sustainable transitions. The support of the United Nations development system is reflected in country level expenditures of which mix account for over 50% as highlighted by the report. UN support is also becoming more targeted with improved strategies, refined indicators, and stronger alignment with national priorities. This alignment should be further strengthened through inclusive, nationally led coordination platforms that bring together key stakeholders with the UN in a central and coordinating role, as envisaged already in the Ceville commitment. Ladies and gentlemen, these are challenging times for development cooperation. And while numbers are not yet available by income group, recent trends show a steady decline in mixed share of total ODA. Resolution 78/162 has called for advancing the elaboration of a specific interagency comprehensive system-wide response plan for mix, which needs to be informed by consistent in-depth analysis of their evolving vulnerabilities, development trajectories, and opportunities. DESA has initiated preparations to advance this elaboration. The current juncture also presents a need and an opportunity to strengthen South-South and triangular cooperation, while recognizing that it cannot substitute for traditional North-South cooperation. Unlocking this potential requires a comprehensive approach that is also nuanced enough to address individual entrenched challenges, a strategic plan of action, as also called for in the 2024 Rabat Declaration and reiterated in the 2025 Makati Declaration adopted by high-level ministerial conferences on middle-income countries. This concludes my brief overview of this report. As always, we stand ready to support your deliberations on this topic. Thank you. 2nd Committee · Chair [25:06]: I thank the Director of the Economic Analysis and Policy Division in the Department of Economic and Social Affairs for his statement. Distinguished delegates, in accordance with the practice of the Main Committees of the General Assembly, I now invite delegations to make comments or pose questions to the speakers on the reports that they have just introduced. The floor is now open, delegates are invited to indicate their wish to speak. Philippines, the floor is yours. Philippines [25:46]: Thank you, Madam Chair, and good morning. I thank all the presenters for the reports, particularly I thank the director from DESA and the DESA team for coming up with a comprehensive and detailed report on the middle-income countries. We take note of the fact that the challenges and vulnerabilities of middle-income countries are evolving with the time and thus require new strategic solutions. So we note of the recommendation to pursue the strategic plan of action for middle-income countries. We believe that this would catalyze all efforts among stakeholders, particularly from the side of the UN system for the elaboration of the system-wide response plan, and then this would complement that effort. My question is actually whether DESA is in a position or does DESA stand ready to support this effort moving forward, which is in advancing the elaboration of a plan of action for Middle some countries. Thank you. 2nd Committee · Chair [27:05]: I thank the distinguished representative of the Philippines for his statement. I see no further questions, so I give the floor to Mr. Mugardes to respond. Thank you. DESA · Director, Economic Analysis and Policy Division [27:25]: Thank you, Madam Chair. DESA is ready to support this elaboration within our existing resources and capacities. Resources were allocated in the 2025 budget, as perhaps the distinguished delegate is aware of. We are waiting to receive them, but despite that, we will continue our work to support this important effort. Thank you. 2nd Committee · Chair [27:55]: As there are no further questions, I would now like to thank our speakers for their introductory statements. I also thank the delegation and the other delegations for participating in the question time. Excellencies, distinguished delegates, I now invite the Committee to begin the joint general discussion of agenda item 15 and item 20 and its sub-items. Before I proceed, I would like to remind delegations that the agreed time limits for statements during the joint consideration of agenda items are five minutes for delegations speaking on behalf of a group of states and three minutes for national statements. In order to assist speakers, a timer is visible on the screen, and I would request your cooperation in observing the agreed limits. Having said that, I now call on the first speaker on my list, the distinguished representative of Iraq on behalf of the Group of 77 and China. Iraq, the floor is yours. Iraq · G77 + China [29:11]: Chair. The Group of 77 and China reaffirms that science, technology, and innovation are vital drivers for achieving the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. STI must be an integral part in developing countries' national development strategies. Countries that nurture Countries that nurture skilled talent and strengthen scientific ecosystems are better positioned to bridge divides, anticipate risks, and respond effectively to emerging challenges. The Group underscores the importance of international cooperation, including in medical research, to strengthen preparedness for future pandemics. We further call for greater access to innovation, technology transfer, capacity building support, and sustained financing to enhance institutional STI capacities and close the technological gap within and among countries. The Group also emphasizes that culture is central to sustainable development, as it embodies identity, belonging, and shared values that underpin the economic, social, and environmental dimensions of sustainability. The Group calls for the mainstreaming of culture in all development plans and policies, in line with El Compromiso de Sevilla. The Group commends the work of UNESCO, UNCTAD, and UN-Habitat in integrating culture and the creative economy into development, cooperation, and finance. The Group notes with concern that many continue to face structural barriers that limit their progress and keep them trapped in the middle-income bracket. We call for tailored and coordinated international support to ensure inclusive and just transitions. The Group supports the elaboration of a strategic MICs agenda within the UN system, including a comprehensive interagency response plan that reflects the specific needs and diversity of these countries. The Group also emphasizes the need for measures of progress beyond GDP. to capture the multidimensional nature of development. Furthermore, the group reiterates the urgency of reforming the international financial architecture, including multilateral development banks, to improve access to concessional finance, strengthen debt sustainability, and mobilize resources for investment and growth. In conclusion, the Group of 77 and China reaffirms its commitment to solidarity, multilateralism, and sustainable development. I thank you. 2nd Committee · Chair [32:09]: I thank the distinguished representative of Iraq. And I now give the floor to the distinguished representative, His Excellency, Permanent Representative of Malaysia, on behalf of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, ASEAN. The floor is yours. Malaysia · ASEAN · Permanent Representative [32:30]: Thank you, Chair. I have the honour to deliver this statement on behalf of the member states of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, ASEAN. ASEAN aligns itself with the statement delivered by Iraq on behalf of the Group of 77 and China. Chair, the rapid digitalisation of economies is transforming global interdependence. With internet users representing more than 80% of ASEAN's population in 2023, our digital economy is projected to reach $2 trillion by 2030. ASEAN aims to be a leading digital economy powerhouse by fostering a secure and inclusive digital ecosystem, supported by transformative services and technologies. This is highlighted in the ASEAN Digital Master Plan 2025 and the forthcoming ASEAN Digital Economy Framework Agreement, DEFA. As ASEAN advances in its digital transformation, it emphasises the importance of intensifying regional cooperation to address cyber threats effectively. For this reason, ASEAN is strengthening its regional cooperation on cybersecurity through initiatives such as the ASEAN Network Security Council, NSC. Chair, as artificial intelligence is an emerging force that is reshaping our economies and societies. As the current ASEAN Chair, Malaysia remains committed to promoting AI to boost productivity, fostering innovation, and helping businesses scale more quickly and efficiently across the region, while staying true to ASEAN's core values of cooperation and resilience. In this regard, Malaysia hosted the first ever ASEAN AI Malaysia Summit 2025. This landmark gathering provided a timely opportunity for ASEAN member states to deepen their commitment and build strategic trust for an AI powered ASEAN economy aligned with its 2045 community vision, a future where technology empowers all. The ASEAN AI Malaysia Summit 2025 was supported by a distinguished group of strategic partners, including ASEAN Secretariat, ASEAN Foundation, EU-ASEAN Business Council, US-ASEAN Business Council, 500Global, Alibaba Cloud, Grab, McKinsey, and Women in Tech. This diverse collaboration reflects ASEAN's conviction that digital transformation and AI governance must be co-designed and co-implemented through multi-stakeholder partnerships. Understanding the importance of AI for the region's future, The ASEAN Responsible AI Roadmap 2025-2030 was established to provide ASEAN member states with practical guidelines for implementing responsible and safe AI practices while reaping the benefits of innovation. Chair, under Malaysia's chairmanship, ASEAN will be introducing a declaration on the establishment of the ASEAN AI Safety Network, AI-SAFE, at the upcoming 47th ASEAN Summit. ASEAN aims to ensure that AI becomes a force for shared prosperity rather than a source of new divides. At the same time, ASEAN believes that we can innovate and grow without compromising the environment. In this regard, the ASEAN Guide for Sustainable Data Center Development another key priority for Malaysia as it aims to provide policy makers with tools and insights to build an economically viable and environmentally sustainable data center across the region. Chair, in conclusion, ASEAN aims to create a vibrant and globally competitive digital landscape, fostering innovation and economic growth, and join the international community in making AI a tool for peace, prosperity, and progress in the constant constantly evolving world. We remain committed to working with all partners to ensure that globalization and interdependence evolve in a way that is inclusive and sustainable, leaving no one behind in the digital age. Thank you. 2nd Committee · Chair [37:05]: I thank the distinguished representative, the permanent representative of Malaysia. And I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of New Zealand on behalf of CANZ, Canada, Australia, New Zealand. New Zealand, the floor is yours, please. New Zealand · CANZ [37:25]: Thank you, Chair, and good morning, colleagues. I'm delivering this statement on behalf of Australia, Canada, and my own country, New Zealand. On the agenda items under discussion today, CAHNS wishes to highlight three points. Firstly, on agenda item 15 and 20C, CAHNS reaffirms the critical need for a human-centric approach to emerging technology issues. Prioritising meaningful connectivity and bridging the digital divides to ensure equitable digital access must be done in a way that protects fundamental human rights. CANZ recognises that rapid advances in artificial intelligence and other technologies have heightened the need for global discussion on governance, ethics and accountability. However, we also reiterate the need to avoid duplication and overlapping mandates, avoid process proliferation and foster cost efficiency. In this regard, we emphasize that the implementation of the Global Digital Compact, agreed to only last year, should provide the basis from which to approach these issues. And in a similar vein, we would call upon the penholders of the ICT resolution under agenda item 15 to consider a technical rollover of this resolution, given the current World Summit on the Information Society review underway, which we heard about this morning. We also wish to reiterate, and it will be no surprise to any of you, that CAHNS interprets any references to technology transfer in these resolutions to be on voluntary and mutually agreed terms. Secondly, on agenda item 20B, related to culture and sustainable development, CAHNS recognises the importance of culture as a driver for equitable development, but we do question the value of a standalone resolution on this topic. We also echo the Secretariat report on this agenda item, which states that without explicit measures to empower women and girls, cultural policies may inadvertently sustain systemic disparities and weaken culture's role as a driver of equitable development. Thirdly, agenda item 20 includes the important topic of development cooperation with middle-income countries. CAN supports the sustainable and inclusive growth of these countries. The adoption of the Compromiso de Sevilla reaffirmed our shared commitment to sustainable development finance and included specific reference to the development needs of middle income countries. At a time, though, when we are challenged to do more with less, we support middle-income countries optimizing financing flows already in place, including by reducing inefficiencies and fragmentation, while also fostering good governance and building strong institutions and robust fiscal systems. We recognize that gross domestic product is not the only measure of wealth and well-being, and we support the consideration of additional tools to address development needs and vulnerabilities, including the Beyond GDP concept. Finally, and as we have said repeatedly, CAN supports reducing the frequency, length, and number of resolutions under consideration. revisiting periodicity of the resolutions under agenda items 15 and 20 is a practical way to increase efficiencies and something that Cairns would encourage. I thank you, Chair. 2nd Committee · Chair [40:46]: I thank the distinguished representative of New Zealand, and I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Palau on behalf of AOCs. Palau, the floor is yours. Palau · AOSIS [41:00]: Good morning, Mr. Chair. I have the honor to deliver this statement on behalf of the Alliance of Small Island States, and we align ourselves with the statement delivered by Iraq on behalf of the group of G77 and China. Chair, small island developing states continue to face unique economic, social, and environmental challenges. Our limited resources, small economies, geographic remoteness, and high dependence on external markets make us highly vulnerable to exogenous shocks and the adverse impacts of climate change. These factors hinder our ability to build the ecosystems, institutions, and capacity needed to harness science, technology, innovation, and digitalization. For SIDS, digital transformation is a key driver of economy growth and sustainable development. It enables us to improve public service delivery, expand and strengthen education opportunities, enhance disaster risk management, and diversify our economies for resilient prosperity. It is for this very reason that the Antigua and Barbuda Agenda for SIDS clearly identifies digitalization as a cornerstone of our development pathway. We aim to better harness technological and digital solutions to overcome the limitation of remoteness and other structural constraints in SIDS. Yet despite its transformative potential, digital divides continue to widen and limit the full participation of SIDS. Gaps in connectivity, infrastructure, affordability, and access to digital tools remain stark. This divides with deepening inequalities and threaten to leave those most vulnerable behind. For digitalization to truly serve as a driver of sustainable development, the global community must work to ensure an inclusive and enabling digital environment that enhances the information and digital landscape across our countries. This requires addressing systemic barriers and ensuring equitable access to technologies, data, and digital services. Therefore, fostering an equitable digital environment must be built on strong partnerships. International cooperation is essential to support capacity building, knowledge sharing, and the development of digital solutions that reflect the priorities and realities of SIDS. In this context, AOSIS welcomes the operationalization of the CITS Center of Excellence, in particular, its technology and innovation mechanism. This brings us one step closer to having the center serve as a platform for innovation, knowledge sharing, capacity building, and collaboration that is tailored to the unique challenges and needs of CITS. At the same time, we welcome the progress in the broader global digital agenda, including the launch of the Global Dialogue on Artificial Intelligence Governance, and the establishment of the independent international scientific panel on artificial intelligence. AI holds significant potential for developing countries, including SIDS. It has the potential to improve disaster preparedness, healthcare, education, and resource management. It can enable smarter and data-driven decisions. When developed inclusively and applied responsibly, AI can be a powerful tool for building resilience and accelerating sustainable development. Chair, the promise of digitalization can only be realized through genuine partnership, solidarity, and sustained investment. AOSIS stands ready to work with all partners to shape a digital future that is inclusive, equitable, and leaves no one behind. I thank you. 2nd Committee · Chair [44:32]: I thank the distinguished representative of Palau, and I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela on behalf of Group of Friends in Defense of the Charter of the United Nations. The floor is yours, please. Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) · Group of Friends in Defense of the Charter of the United Nations [44:54]: Venezuela has the honor of taking the floor on behalf of the Group of Friends in Defense of the Charter of the United Nations. A full version of this statement will be available on the journal. In the globalized world, Madam Chair, it's an independent world where we live. The role of information and communications technologies is fundamental for achieving sustainable development. We can just not overemphasize the importance of international cooperation, particularly to and ultimately overcome the digital divide between developed and developing countries, mainly in terms of ensuring adequate provision and affordable access to technologies, technology transfer, scientific and educational exchange, knowledge sharing, and capacity building, among others. We thus cannot overlook the issue of artificial intelligence and related emerging technologies. these innovations have the potential of contributing meaningfully to the achievement of the SDGs as well as the economic transformation and increased productivity, they could also increase current inequalities between developed and developing nations. The concentration of technological capacities in a small number of countries and private entities, coupled with a lack of equitable access to data, computational power, and digital infrastructure threatens to reproduce patterns of technological dependence, thus undermining the digital sovereignty of states. So it is imperative to ensure that AI governance be grounded in international law, the purposes and principles of the UN Charter, and particularly the principles of sovereign equality, inclusiveness, and respect for the right to development. Thus, we reiterate the need to prevent states and private companies from exploiting their technological dominance to monopolize ICT markets, including basic information resources, core technologies, goods, and services. We thus take note of the recent adoption of the UN Convention against Cybercrime, strengthening international cooperation to combat certain crimes committed by means of information and communications technology systems and for the sharing of evidence in electronic form of serious crimes. And we highlight our commitment to strengthen international cooperation to prevent and combat transnational organized crimes in all of its forms, even when they are committed through the use of information and communications technologies that are also prone to be misused as part of misinformation and disinformation campaigns. Our group of friends calls for the urgent consolidation of a new, just, equitable and inclusive international economic order based on the principles and purposes of the UN Charter and the norms of international law, in which sovereign equality of states is adhered to and in which solidarity and international cooperation are a reality, and where Democratic participation in decision-making processes in international financial institutions, as well as increased access to technology and financing for development, become the new normal. Madam Chair, in this context, we must reject all unilateral and protectionist trade practices that promote the national interests of a few countries. to the detriment of the functioning of multilateral organizations and global responses to threats and challenges to the international community as a whole, particularly those faced by developing countries. To conclude, our Group of Friends is committed to strengthening efforts to create a new international economic order, promote and defend the prevalence and validity of the UN Charter, while reaffirming its unwavering commitment to continue promoting mechanisms aimed at eliminating poverty in all of its forms and dimensions. Thank you very much. 2nd Committee · Chair [49:27]: I thank the distinguished representative of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, and I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Mexico, followed by India. Mexico, the floor is yours, please. Mexico [49:49]: Thank you very much. Mexico appreciates the opportunity to participate in this interactive thematic debate, and we appreciate the reports on this. As a middle-income country, we understand firsthand that we are part of a heterogeneous group of over 100 countries. which are home to about three-fourths of the global population. Unfortunately, they are also home to the majority of people who live in poverty. That's why our common position is based on an understanding that everyone deals with specific challenges that are in the context of the multidimensional challenges that we face in order to achieve development in my country has achieved significant steps forward to deal with various structural challenges, such as eliminating poverty, based on the identification of a measurement that goes beyond GDP. This led to a decrease by 14.3% between 2020 and 2024. Mexico recognizes that ICTs are key to face global challenges. This is why this year we once again promoted the resolution on the rapid impact of technological change to achieve the SDGs and its targets, which promotes international cooperation to achieve technological solutions in order to decrease inequality between countries and within countries and furthermore ensure well-being for all people. Finally, for my delegation, culture is the nucleus of our national identity and it's an international commitment as a country that is rich in tangible and intangible heritage and artistic expression. We defend the inclusion of culture and sustainable development policies. Culture does not just express our identity, it's also a motor for sustainable development, social cohesion and peace. As a sign of this commitment, Mexico will co-facilitate with Lebanon the resolution on culture and sustainable development. We are committed to being at the front of an agile process oriented towards action that takes into account the priorities of members. Thank you. 2nd Committee · Chair [52:09]: I thank the distinguished representative of Mexico, and I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of India. India, please, the floor is yours. India [52:21]: Dear Chair, we appreciate the reports under agenda items 15 and 20. India aligns itself with the view that information and communications technologies, science, culture and development cooperation are vital enablers of sustainable development in an era of globalization and interdependence. On ICTs, India emphasizes their transformative role in bridging divides and accelerating progress on the SDGs. Our digital public infrastructure has demonstrated how inclusive, open, and interoperable systems can extend access to financial services, education, health, and agriculture, ensuring no one is left behind. The Secretary-General's 2025 report underscores the urgency of addressing digital divides and empowering women, youth, and marginalized groups through digital literacy and capacity-building principles. that underpin India's own initiatives. On science and technology and innovation, India's investments in renewable energy, digital agriculture, and affordable health solutions exemplify how frontier technologies can reduce poverty and build resilience. As highlighted in the Secretary-General's report, international cooperation and knowledge sharing are indispensable. India's South-South initiatives, including the India-UN Development Partnership Fund and ITEC, reflect our commitment to ensuring developing countries benefit equitably from innovation. On culture, India notes with appreciation the increasing recognition of culture as a driver and enabler of sustainable development. UNESCO's 2025 report affirms culture's role in resilience, climate action, and inclusive economies. India, with its rich cultural heritage and dynamic creative industries, has consistently championed the integration of culture into the global development agenda, including through programs such as the World Heritage, Sustainable Development, and Local Communities Program in partnership with UNESCO, which integrates heritage preservation with community development, inclusive tourism, and livelihood support. Finally, on development cooperation with middle-income countries, India stresses the importance of tailored support, recognizing their unique structural challenges and their role as engines of regional and global growth. India remains committed to advancing these interlinked agendas in partnership with all Member States. Thank you. 2nd Committee · Chair [55:08]: I thank the distinguished representative of India, and I now give the floor to the distinguished permanent representative of El Salvador, followed by Cuba. Her Excellency, the floor is yours. El Salvador · Permanent Representative [55:21]: Thank you very much, Madam Chair. El Salvador would like to join the statement made by the G77 and China. In our national capacity, we'd like to highlight the following. The quick progress of digital technologies, science and innovation is redefining development opportunities. ICTs are now cross-cutting in productivity, competitiveness, inclusion, and they should be at the heart of international cooperation that ensures equitable access, responsible governance and capacity building. El Salvador has adopted a comprehensive approach through our 2030 digital agenda, which promotes the modernization of our state. Meaningful connectivity and innovation is sources of development. We have normative frameworks to protect personal data, cybersecurity, technological manufacturing, and AI that strengthens trust and transparency. We also promote scientific research and technological businesses, bringing together science, technology, and productive development in one single national effort. For us, the work of this committee should promote proper environments for digital innovation and scientific innovation, strengthening infrastructure, interoperability at the regional level, cooperation, and capacity building and technology transfer. It's a priority. It's also essential for the WSIS+20 and the Global Digital Compact that they achieve concrete results to support developing countries. Madam Chair, middle-income countries are more than half of the global population. They play a central role in the global economy, but they are facing vulnerabilities that are structural. This includes financing limitations and high risk exposure to external shocks that limit their ability to maintain growth and consolidate progress. The Compromiso de Sevilla was an important step forward to deal with the particular challenge of middle income countries, particularly in their access to sustainable financing. So El Salvador believes that the design of an action plan or specific mechanism for MICs should help deal with challenges related to strategic areas for development through innovative financing. This should become a practical tool to strengthen national capabilities, promote innovation, facilitate equitable access to implementation mechanisms, contributing to more sustainable development that is more resilient and inclusive. Thank you very much, Madam Chair. 2nd Committee · Chair [58:13]: I thank the distinguished permanent representative of El Salvador, and I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Cuba. Cuba [58:24]: Madam Chair, Cuba supports the statement of the delegation of Iraq on behalf of the G77 and China and Venezuela on behalf of the Group of Friends of the Charter. The current world is more interconnected than ever, but there are growing inequalities. After over 50 years of the adoption of the Declaration for the Establishment of a New International Order and its Plan of Action, its principles are still valid as guidelines for an the create for changing an economic system that hasn't fulfilled the promise of development the current order has led to great economic development for a few but poverty for the great majority many developing countries deal with growing poverty and exclusion and the international financial system requires us to pay more in debt than in investing in health education or technology we need to correct the current economic consumption patterns. Developing countries should be on an equal footing in the adoption of international decisions, and we should eliminate unilateral coercive measures. We highlight our condemnation of the brutal commercial and financial blockade imposed by the U.S. against Cuba for over 60 years. Its effects have gotten worse as my country has been included in the list of states that sponsor terrorism. In terms of ICTs, We call for universal and equitable access to these tools, promotion of international cooperation, as well as technology transfer in order to mitigate the digital divide between developing and developed countries. We develop the ethical use of technologies and the protection of privacy of citizens. These are international rules that should regulate cyberspace, and we should protect the right of users as well as the rights of all countries, particularly those of the South, to access and obtain technology in a sovereign manner without economic blockades. We denounce a design of social platforms that manipulate the Cuban reality, justifying the US blockade against Cuba. This is a misinformation campaign that's financed with federal funds in the US. Part of this is publicly declared, and it reaches tens of millions of dollars per year. There are also funds that sustain these platforms. Thus, we reiterate our commitment to avoid the use of technologies, particularly ICTs, as tools for disinformation. Thank you very much. 2nd Committee · Chair [1:00:58]: I thank the distinguished representative of Cuba, and I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Russian Federation, followed by Singapore. The Russian Federation, the floor is yours. Russian Federation [1:01:13]: Distinguished colleagues. The Russian Federation aligns itself with the statement delivered by the Group of Friends of the UN Charter regarding items 15 and 20 on the agenda of the UN General Assembly. In national capacity, we would like to add the following. Today, the digital sector comprises some 15 percent of the global GDP. By 2028, experts say, this will rise another 2 percent. The further dissemination and the broadening of the capacity of ICT, including artificial intelligence, will lay the ground for the use of these technologies to achieve the SDGs. We note the substantial contribution of UN specialized agencies in the push to bridge the digital divide through helping to beef up the ICT potential of developing countries through technology transfer and professional training. This year, the General Assembly is going to be taking a decision on extending for another decade the processes launched in the World Summit on the Information society. We are convinced that the provisions of the documents of the WSIS remain needed and need to be extended. This extra time is important to use in order to achieve goals set earlier on internet management, on countering unilateral coercive measures, and the development of digital skills. We welcome the creation at the UN of the independent international scientific panel and the global dialogue on AI. We're prepared to actively partake in the work of those bodies. We are convinced that the regulation of AI should proceed with the UN taking a central role based on its charter in all its entirety and interconnectedness, and in accordance with the existing principles of international law and while respecting the sovereignty of states. Exactly these tenets were written into the specialized declaration of the July BRICS Summit. This approach will help to set aside neocolonial models, build equal partnerships that are in the interests of all participants. We call for continuing to promote the achievement of the SDGs in middle-income countries by ensuring their equal access to financing technologies and equal opportunities in international negotiations. We underscore the significance of science to achieve the SDGs. We're going to continue our international cooperation at the U.N. to provide assistance to developing countries to strengthen their digital capacity, broadening scientific programs and improving their scientific bases. We advocate for strengthening the capacity of UNESCO in order to ensure dynamic development of culture and the creative industries in developing countries, specifically in African countries and in SIDS. We underscore that it is unacceptable to politicize the specialized agenda. Thank you. 2nd Committee · Chair [1:03:57]: Excuse me. I thank the distinguished representative of the Russian Federation, and I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Singapore. Singapore [1:04:08]: Thank you, Chair. Singapore aligns itself with the statements by the Group of 77 and China, AOSIS, and ASEAN. Information and communication technologies are no longer optional but essential. They shape the development of our economies, connect our societies, and open doors to greater opportunity. Yet, if not harnessed effectively, we risk deepening digital divides both within and between countries. As a digitally connected small state, the task is clear to Singapore: to ensure that ICTs are a bridge to enhanced inclusivity and resilience, rather than a barrier that leaves people behind. Allow me to make three points. First, we must strengthen digital inclusion by empowering all levels of society with the knowledge and skills. In Singapore, we take a whole of society approach through what we call the Digital for Life movement. Our programs promote early digital literacy for children and greater digital access for the economically disadvantaged. Internationally, Singapore launched a Digital Inclusion Playbook 2.0 with UNDP, capturing tangible examples of best practices and solutions from over 30 countries for broad-based digital participation. Second, we must continue to harness ICTs for public good. We need strong digital public infrastructure, sound governance, and seamless interoperability. Digital Force is our digital pillar of work with fellow small states, and we continue to support their capacity building together with ITU and UNDP. Singapore and Rwanda also launched an AI playbook for small states last year, and we are now developing a Singapore Digital Gateway, a repository of resources on digital policymaking and open source tools. Third, effective digital cooperation requires a multi-stakeholder approach. Governments cannot do this alone. Singapore's whole-of-ecosystem approach ensures that everyone has a stake in enabling digital trust. For example, our national AI strategy was developed and refreshed with input from more than 300 experts. We also hosted the Singapore Conference on AI this year to collectively articulate and set priorities for shipping reliable, secure, and trustworthy AI. Chair, ICT is inherently transboundary in nature. As such, it is critical to continue our common efforts to reduce fragmentation and promote cooperation. Together, we can shape a digital future that empowers all, especially small and developing countries. Thank you. 2nd Committee · Chair [1:06:43]: I thank the distinguished representative of Singapore, and I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of the Islamic Republic of Iran, followed by Nicaragua. Iran, the floor is yours, please. Iran (Islamic Republic of) [1:06:56]: Assalamu alaikum, many thanks for the floor. My delegation align itself with the statement delivered by Iraq on behalf of the Group of 77 and China and Venezuela on behalf of the Group of Friends in Defense of the Charter of the United Nations. Madam Chair, science, technology and innovation are powerful engines for sustainable development and solutions to today's global crisis. Emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence, big data and digital innovations offer unique opportunities, yet the benefits of these technologies remains unevenly distributed, with a persistent and widening divide between developed and developing countries threatening to undermine our collective process. Many developing countries continue to face serious challenges, including limited access to digital infrastructure, inadequate financing, insufficient capacity building, lack of technology transfer, and negative impact of unilateral coercive measures. In this context, WSIS was established to address the digital divide and rebalance global ICT governance. While it has delivered some achievements, such as promoting international cooperation, sharing best practices and expanding dialogue on Internet governance, it has also fallen short. The digital divide persists. capacity building remain limited, enhanced cooperation on internet policy is blocked, and developing countries continue to face barriers to equitable participation. It is our hope that these gaps will be effectively addressed in the 2025 WCES review through stronger commitments by developed countries to provide the necessary resources, facilitate technology transfer, and support genuine capacity building in developing countries. Madam Chair, all states must participate equally in global digital governance, while private sector actors must comply with domestic laws, avoid monopolistic practices, and held accountable for extraterritorial impacts. All countries and private sector entities must ensure that risk considerations and ethical dimensions are fully integrated in every stage of ICT processes. In conclusion, Madam Chair, addressing today's global challenges require renewed commitment to multilateralism with the United Nations at the center and development at its core. Barriers such as unilateral coercive measures, sanctions, poverty, and inequality must be removed. Only through capacity building, genuine partnership, and inclusive governance can we ensure that the digital revolution serves all humanity and advances sustainable development. I thank you for the floor. 2nd Committee · Chair [1:09:32]: I thank the distinguished representative of the Islamic Republic of Iran, and I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Nicaragua. Nicaragua [1:09:43]: Thank you very much, Madam Chair. Nicaragua highlights that equitable and fair access to technology is a right. This access is limited and deeply unequal due to digital divides and the unfair unilateral coercive measures that scupper national sovereign development. The use of ICT should be oriented towards sustainable development to strengthen education, health, and citizen participation. In terms of globalization, We see two sides. There's great potential for exchange and cooperation, but on the other side, deep inequality, dependence, and vulnerability to external crises. For developing countries, globalization should become a fairer process that respects sovereignty of states and that promotes an international economic order that's more fair. Science, technology, and innovation cannot be monopolized by a small group of companies in Western countries. We specifically recognize the leadership of our sisterly People's Republic of China, whose vision is rooted in solidarity and has contributed concretely to cooperation in the Global South. Its initiatives in technological cooperation and digital connectivity offer real alternatives vis-a-vis the inequality that's been imposed in the current international system. We reiterate that developing countries have proposals and solutions that are very much our own. Globalization should be complementary, rooted in solidarity and refraining from impositions, that we must eliminate barriers, democratize access to science, technology, promote international cooperation that is focused on the dignity of people. Thank you. 2nd Committee · Chair [1:11:35]: I thank the distinguished representative of Nicaragua, and I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of China, followed by Thailand. China [1:11:48]: President, China associates itself with the statement by Iraq on behalf of groups of 77 and China. The new round of technological revolution and industrial revolution is reshaping the world economic landscape. The innovative application of emerging technologies bring new opportunities for realizing SDGs. China attaches great importance to ICTs for sustainable development, and its digital infrastructure is developing rapidly. And ICT industrial chain features a complete upstream and downstream system. Internet connectivity in primary and secondary schools have reached 100%. Over 50% of entrepreneurs on Chinese e-commerce platforms are female. China is of the view that the international community should unite and cooperate and fully leverage the role of ICTs and accelerate the implementation of 2030 agenda. First, it's important to build digital innovation ecosystem and promote the participation of governments, industries, and academic communities. in industrial cooperation and standard setting in global digital field, so as to jointly build an open, secure, inclusive and interoperable digital ecosystem. Second, it's important to promote digital development for good and for all. and conduct pragmatic cooperation in the field of digital infrastructure development and universalization of digital products and actively provide public goods so that digital technology can benefit all. And it's important to jointly create an open, equitable, fair, and non-discriminatory science and technology development environment. Third, it's important to accelerate green transformation and digital transformation in tandem and formulate solutions for the ICT industry featuring energy conservation, emission reduction, and carbon reduction and efficient use of resources, speed up vertical application of digital technologies across all industries to empower social economic development and green transformation. China put forward the AI plus international cooperation initiative, advocating for proactive actions of all parties and efforts to strengthen policy exchanges and pragmatic cooperation in the principle of mutual respect and winning cooperation. At the same time, we support the role of the UN in global AI governance to promote the formation of governance framework, featuring broad and equal participation of all countries. In September this year, President Xi Jinping of China put forward the global governance initiative, advocating for a people-centered approach to reforming and improving the global governance system so as to better address common challenges and bridge, the South-North development bridge. In the face of the new opportunities and challenges brought by global wave of digitalization for the development of an information society, China is ready to work with all parties to jointly build an open, inclusive, shared, and green and environmentally friendly information society, so as to jointly create a digital era that is more prosperous and sustainable. Thank you, President. 2nd Committee · Chair [1:14:59]: China, and I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Thailand. Thailand [1:15:07]: Thailand aligns itself with the statement that we are on behalf of the Group of 77 and China, and on behalf of ASEAN. Information and communication technology are key enablers for achieving sustainable development, yet they can pose challenges. In this regard, Thailand wishes to stress three points that we view as essential to building inclusive and resilient digital ecosystem for all to harness the full benefit of ICTs. First, it is imperative to bridge digital divide both between and within countries in order to achieve a truly people-centered, inclusive, and development-oriented information society. Thailand placed a strong emphasis on building inclusive digital ecosystems across sector and for all. Our national digital plan and AI strategy utilize digital technology to enhance public services, increase competitiveness of private sector, promote open access to data for public, and foster investment in AI infrastructure. Second, must ensure safe secure and trust data for to address increasing list from the misuse of ICT particularly cyber crime and online scams this is the reason why Thailand attach high importance on data protection and privacy Thailand establishes the anti online scam operation Center or AOC as a as a dedicated service Hub to combat the going prevalent of online scams the AOC was also awarded the visit prize 2025 affirming Thailand's commitment and success in combating the surge of online scams. Third, Thailand is transitioning towards a value-based and innovation-driven economy. To support this transformation, we must equip our human resources to be more future-ready by leveraging the benefits of STI through reskilling and upskilling for SME and workforce. Chair, Only through collective action can we ensure that digital transformation is sustainable and inclusive, and only then can globalization remain fair and equitable. We must enhance international cooperation to strengthen provision of financial resources, capacity building, and the transfer of technology to developing countries. Thailand is ready to work with our partners to implement commitments made under the GDC in complementary with the outcome of BISIS to achieve an inclusive, open, safe, and secure digital future for all. Thank you. 2nd Committee · Chair [1:17:45]: I thank the distinguished representative of Thailand, and I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Rwanda, followed by Guatemala. Rwanda, the floor is yours, please. Rwanda [1:17:59]: Thank you, Madam Chair. Rwanda aligns itself with the statements delivered on behalf of the G77 and China. Allow us to make a few remarks in our national capacity. Rwanda welcomes the Secretary-General's report on science, technology and innovation for sustainable development, and appreciate the recognition of the Center of Excellence for Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics for Africa, in collaboration with our government and the UN Economic Commission for Africa. This Pan-African network is empowering talented students across the continent to become innovators, advancing Africa's scientific, educational, and economic self-reliance. Madam Chair, for Rwanda, science, technology, and innovation are at the heart of Vision 2050 and the National Strategy for Transformation. We see technology as both a driver of socioeconomic progress and a bridge to greater global interdependence. Over the past decade, Rwanda has made bold investments in digital infrastructure and innovation. Through the Smart Rwanda Master Plan, broadband now covers over 96% of the population, more than 85% of public services are digitized via the Imbo platform, and 61% of schools have internet access. Our digital ambassadors program has trained 4.3 million citizens, over half of them women, helping close the gender digital divide and reinforcing our commitments to leave no one behind. Rwanda also takes pride in its active role within the Broadband Commission for Sustainable Development, co-chaired by His Excellency President Paul Kagame, alongside the Secretary General of the International Telecommunication Union. Through this platform, Rwanda continues to advocate for universal, affordable, and meaningful connectivity as a cornerstone for inclusive growth, innovation, and resilience. This Commission's work has been instrumental in mobilizing global partnerships, such as the Global Digital Compact, to expand broadband access, enhance digital skills, and foster innovation ecosystems. Madam Chair, as we progress ahead towards the OESIS+20 review, we must work to strengthen digital public infrastructure and ensure that the benefits of emerging technology, including artificial intelligence, are accessible to all. In this light, Rwanda continues to follow up on the commitments made in the Global Digital Compact as part of the Pact for the Future and the SDGs, particularly those which aim to promote universal and affordable connectivity, strengthen digital skills, and foster inclusive and secure digital ecosystems. Madam Chair, to conclude, Rwanda stands ready to continue to contribute meaningfully to ensure our digital future is equitable for everyone. I thank you. 2nd Committee · Chair [1:20:46]: I thank the distinguished representative of Rwanda, and I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Guatemala. Guatemala [1:20:56]: Thank you very much, Madam Chair. We appreciate the presentation of the reports as well as the documentation prepared by the various UN system agencies. As indicated before, achieving the SDGs by 2030 requires a significant and ongoing increase in investments in science, technology, and innovation, particularly in developing countries. We should thus focus on the ethical and safe use of technologies, as well as discussing the gains of great scientific progress. There's no use in creating solutions if they are not accessible to the majority. As nations, we should deal with access to data that is valuable for creating public policies that are evidence-based. We commend the establishment of the recent international independent scientific panel and the global dialogue on governance in artificial intelligence, as this is a significant step forward in global efforts that will take advantage of the benefits of AI, and furthermore, they will help face the risks. Guatemala recognizes that technology and globalization are key drivers of sustainable development. This is why through our general policy 2024-2028, we are developing an access that focuses on closing the digital divide through technology and innovation, where we aim to promote technological innovation for productivity and economic competitiveness in a sustainable and inclusive fashion. This is why we want to create human capital and capabilities to create new knowledge that will contribute to humanity, promoting digital literacy and connectivity. We also reiterate our desire to strengthen multilateral and regional partnerships that will help to share best practices, access to financing, and promote technological transfer with a focus on equity so that young people have greater capabilities and knowledge, increasing opportunities for growth and development. We must build environments that promote the participation of women and girls in creating, innovating, and leading. Education is essential for any significant digital transformation, so we must adapt our educational systems to current demands, including technological perspectives, problem solving, and creativity from early ages. so that young people can aspire to a brilliant future and develop their skills. We are working to take care of our heritage and show it to the world. We value the discussions in this committee on the protection of cultural heritage and its role in promoting sustainable development, as well as the need to bolster international cooperation in returning cultural assets. The mosaic of cultural diversity. The microphone has been cut off. Thank you. 2nd Committee · Chair [1:24:00]: I thank the representative of Guatemala, and I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Lebanon. Lebanon [1:24:10]: Madam Chair, Lebanon associates itself for the statement delivered, but as a singular representative of Iraq, on behalf of G77 and China, we would like to add the following in our national capacity. At the outset, allow me to extend my delegation's appreciation for the presentation of the reports under agenda item 15 and 20. As information and communication technologies offer new solutions to development challenges, and international support and cooperation play a critical role in scaling up the means of implementation needed to achieve the SDGs. This includes improving access to innovation, technology transfer, skills development, and promoting the adoption of emerging technologies such as AI to accelerate progress across sectors in developing countries, including middle-income countries. To bridge technological and digital divides, including gender divides, sustained financing and targeted support are essential for strengthening international and institutional capacities in science, technology, and innovation. Lebanon, a middle-income country, with its rich human capital, prioritize STI and STEM, and is actively working to enhance digital governance and to foster partnerships between the public and private sectors. Lebanon has always strongly believed that culture is an integral component of sustainable development in its three dimensions, as well as stimulates growth. It contributes to a more effective, inclusive, equitable, and peaceful world, as reflected in the Pact for the Future and the Compromiso de Sevilla. Therefore, Lebanon, connecting the East and the West, and one of the ancient lands blending civilizations, prioritize culture and is pleased and honored to co-facilitate with Mexico the resolution on culture and sustainable development. We commend the valuable work of UNESCO, UNCTAD, and UN-HABITAT. Lebanon, home to six World Heritage sites and intangible heritage cultural listing on the cultural heritage list, is hosting the UNESCO Regional Office for Education in the Arab region. UNESCO has consistently been a strong partner to Lebanon. Last month, during her visit to Lebanon, the Director General announced a new inspiring restoration project at the Maramxai Railway and the Grand Theatre de Beirut. In this joint discussion, we recognize the contribution of creative economy, and we stress the link on digital transformation and strategies for the protection and safeguarding of cultural heritage with advanced technologies and leveraging to enhance monitoring, documentation and access, especially in crisis affected context. Lastly, we are looking forward to actively engage in the WSS+20 high level meeting in December, an opportunity to take stock of achievements and gaps and to consider future priorities and the conduct of the Pact of the Future and the GDC. I thank you, Madam Chair. 2nd Committee · Chair [1:26:57]: I thank the distinguished representative of Lebanon, and I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of the Philippines. Philippines [1:27:06]: Chair, colleagues, we align with the statement delivered by the G77 and the statement delivered on behalf of ASEAN. The agenda items today speak to the heart of the 2030 agenda, which is leaving no one behind. On ICT, digital transition should be inclusive and not further widen inequalities. On globalization and interdependence, development cooperation should lead to effective resource mobilization and allocation of resources, complement each country's strength and needs, taking into account the multidimensional nature of development, country-specific challenges, and vulnerabilities. This is the case of middle-income countries. Let me elaborate this through the following points. ICT and STI present opportunities, particularly for middle-income countries, to enable their just transition. MICS can transform their industries by leveraging breakthroughs in technology, such as AI, automation, energy efficiency, renewable energy. To this, MICS need access to technology and investment in human capital and physical infrastructure. As a middle-income country, the Philippines have formulated its fourth industrial revolution roadmap, outlining strategies for the necessary facilities and services, human resources, research and development technologies, and science and technology policies. These strategies require increased investments and stronger regional and multilateral partnerships. We continue to pursue high impact free trade agreements and arrangements to create an enabling environment for facilitating investments. We also need to leverage and strengthen South-South and triangular cooperation. Being home to more than 70% of the global population, contribute a third of global GDP, makes progress in setting the global pace of SDG progress. Their collective action can reshape the contours of the global economy. but we are unable to optimize this potential due to the middle income trap. The specific challenges facing middle income countries are real and evolving. We cannot continue describing and admiring them. We need strategic vision and action. We look forward to the elaboration of the system-wide response plan aimed at better addressing the multidimensional nature of sustainable development and facilitating sustainable development cooperation and coordinated support to middle income countries based on their specific challenges and diverse needs. The beyond GDP process is crucial for MICs, as it will address the limitation of per capita income as criteria for accessing concessional finance and the marginalization of MICs in the broader financing framework, such as the debt, ODA, and climate finance, among others. The role of MICs, their inclusion and engagement in the global efforts towards sustainable development cannot be emphasized any further. makes having emerged as players in the evolving global trade and investment system. This presents imperative for greater. 2nd Committee · Chair [1:30:08]: I thank the distinguished representative of the Philippines, and I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Costa Rica, followed by Sri Lanka. Costa Rica, the floor is yours. Costa Rica [1:30:22]: Thank you very much, Madam Chair. Middle-income countries account for 73% of the world's population and host 62% of people living in extreme poverty. Despite generating 40% of global economic output, they still face structural barriers that threaten to perpetuate the middle-income trap. Allow me to highlight the following. First, we must move towards metrics that go beyond GDP. We need multi-dimensional indicators that integrate poverty and equality, gender gaps, and climate vulnerability. Costa Rica welcomes the creation of the independent high-level expert group tasked with proposing universal and national indicators. We must ensure that access to concessional financing, technology, and capacity building be considered within these metrics. Second, we must establish innovative financial instruments that guarantee equitable access to concessional resources, including debt for nature and debt for climate swaps. Middle-income countries face growing fiscal deficits, unsustainable debt levels, and severe limitations in accessing affordable financing. Costa Rica calls for ensuring that financing be truly accessible, predictable, and does not increase current debt burdens. Third, we must foster transformative partnerships that strengthen our institutional capacities so digital, energy, and productive transitions unfold in a just, inclusive, and effective manner. Costa Rica urges all states and relevant stakeholders to join efforts to make these transitions a shared and sustainable reality. Graduation of countries to the high-income category, despite still facing deep structural gaps, shows the shortcomings of an asymmetric system based on one-dimensional metrics disconnected from real development conditions. If we truly want an international system that is fair and aligned with the needs of our peoples, we must leave behind obsolete criteria that fail to reflect our vulnerabilities and challenges. Costa Rica urges this Committee to act with urgency. 73% of the world's population and 62% of those who live in extreme poverty depend on it. Thank you very much. 2nd Committee · Chair [1:33:00]: I thank the distinguished representative of Costa Rica, and I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Sri Lanka. Sri Lanka [1:33:09]: Thank you, Chair. Sri Lanka delegation aligns itself with the statement made by the delegation of Iraq on behalf of G77 and China under this agenda item and wish to make the following points in its national capacity. While noting with appreciation the reports of the Secretary-General under the agenda items taken up today, Sri Lanka in particular welcomes the report on the development cooperation with middle-income countries. Sri Lanka welcomes the growing international consensus on the need for tailored, inclusive and sustained development cooperation for middle-income countries, which are home to 73% of the world's population. The Sri Lanka delegation also welcomes the opportunity to address this vital topic through the biennial resolution within the Second Committee and recognize the urgent need for the UN development system to adapt to the evolving development landscape and the specific needs of MICs, which also share common structural barriers that hamper further economic transformation. Sri Lanka welcomed the convening of the high-level meeting on middle-income countries by the PGA this year as a timely and critical opportunity to advance dialogue on this important issue. Chair, despite notable development achievements, middle-income countries continue to face persistent structural barriers, including vulnerability to external shocks, limited access to concessional financing, technological gaps, and middle-income traps. These challenges are compounded by strained response capacities, especially in the aftermath of overlapping crises. Sri Lanka, as a middle-income country with a complex development trajectory, has witnessed firsthand how economic vulnerabilities, climate shocks, global market disruptions, and debt distress can quickly erode decades of progress. In particular, many MICs, including Sri Lanka, are burdened by unsustainable levels of debt, which significantly constrain fiscal space and the ability to invest in sustainable development. Addressing these challenges require a comprehensive and differentiated approach to development cooperation that reflects the complex realities faced by MICS. We underscore the need to move beyond GDP as a sole criterion for determining access to development support. A multidimensional approach that considers vulnerability, resilience and social inclusion is essential to ensure that no country is left behind. We welcome the recommendation to establish an independent high-level expert group to develop recommendations in the ministerial declaration of the HLPF. In this context, Sri Lanka also welcomes the adoption of the severe commitment following the fourth international conference on financing for development as a key step forward in advancing financing solutions and partnerships for mix. South South cooperation remains a vital pillar of development collaboration for mix. Sri Lanka reiterates the importance of enhancing South South and triangular cooperation. 2nd Committee · Chair [1:36:11]: I thank the distinguished representative of Sri Lanka, and I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Armenia, followed by Belarus. Armenia [1:36:21]: Thank you, Madam Chair. The rapid evolution of digital and data-driven technologies offers immense opportunities to accelerate the implementation of the Agenda 2030. Yet the widening digital divide, driven by unequal access to technology, infrastructure, and skills, continues to constrain the potential of developing countries. Harnessing STI to bridge these divides, including through coherent national policies, capacity building, and enhanced global partnerships, is critical for building resilient economies and ensuring that globalization delivers shared and sustainable benefits. The SGIS report highlights that progress in science and innovation depends on strong national innovation ecosystems, skilled human capital, and sustained investment in research and education. Armenia attaches particular importance to strengthening the link between education, research, and entrepreneurship. Our national initiatives, such as the Engineering City and the Network of Technology and Innovation Centers, aims to foster collaboration between academia, industry, and government while equipping young people with the skills required for the digital economy. Madam Chair, middle-income countries account for the majority of the world's population. and a significant share of global GDP and trade. Yet they continue to face structural vulnerabilities from debt distress to limited productive capacity, to climate pressures, uneven digital transformation, and widening inequalities. As emphasized in Secretary-General's report, a classification based solely on the per capita income fails to reflect these complex realities, highlighting the need for more inclusive and responsive global frameworks. Addressing these challenges requires actions on several fronts. First, reforming the international financial architecture to expand access to concessional and innovative financing, guided by criteria that take multidimensional vulnerabilities into account. Second, strengthening the UN development system to deliver coherent and tailored support to mix, moving beyond policy advice towards facilitating investment, technology transfer, and capacity building. And first, reorienting international development cooperation to ensure smooth and sustained transitions, enhance resilience, and foster long term inclusive growth. Armenia underscores the growing need for a strategic plan of action for middle-income countries, as indicated in this report, that can serve as a dedicated framework to capture the diversity and complexity of challenges faced by middle-income countries while providing practical tools on policy coordination, financing, and partnerships, helping MICS translate their potential into tangible progress. In conclusion, Armenia will continue Among them. I thank you. 2nd Committee · Chair [1:39:07]: I thank the distinguished representative of Armenia. And I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Belarus. Belarus [1:39:18]: Thank you, Madam Chair. Belarus aligns itself with the statement of Venezuela on behalf of the Group of Friends in Defense of the UN Charter. Information and communications technologies are a key factor for the achievement of the SDGs. In order to effectively harness the capacity of ICTs to deliver on the 2030 agenda, we believe the following steps are needed. First, end the practice of unilateral coercive measures, UCMs. They artificially bar the path to international cooperation on ICTs. Second, end the digital divide and digital inequality. Developing countries continue to lag behind developed states in terms of building the information society. Developed states must beef up their support for developing countries through technology transfers and innovations. Third, develop just and inclusive mechanisms for the management of data at the global level, because certain platforms associated with developed countries are dominating in the chain of generation and use of data throughout the world. Finally, in recent years, we've seen a rapid development of artificial intelligence systems, but the trends here are disconcerting because developing countries are largely shut out of these processes. there's a need to create inclusive global mechanisms to govern these technologies. Solving the aforementioned problems is particularly important in the context of the forthcoming 20-year review of the World Summit on the Information Society. As for middle-income countries, it should be remembered that they are home to around two-thirds of the entire poor population of the planet. Accordingly, the general result of achievement of the SDGs will largely turn on success achieved in this very group. Middle-income countries are a very diverse group of states. They face a plethora of diverse problems. Those problems include the following. increasing domestic inequality, extreme vulnerability to external factors, the middle income trap, and others. The very fact of the diversity of these countries shows that one-size-fits-all solutions to their problems do not exist. When working with this group of countries, the UN needs a particular approach. an approach that considers the specific features of middle-income countries, features that exist due to their diversity. The most tried and true means of implementing this approach is to devise a comprehensive long-term strategy of the UN for middle-income countries. An important step in that direction is the development of an interagency plan of the United Nations on cooperation with this group. That idea is reflected in the relevant UN General Assembly resolutions. I'll close by noting that certain UN agencies, microphone has been cut off. 2nd Committee · Chair [1:42:19]: I thank the distinguished representative of Belarus, and I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of South Africa, followed by Saudi Arabia. South Africa, the floor is yours. South Africa [1:42:31]: Thank you. Madam Chair, South Africa aligns itself with the statement delivered by Iraq on behalf of the G77 and China, and would like to add the following in its national capacity. The Secretary-General's report on the implementation and follow-up of WSIS, which is under consideration today, correctly states that the world has changed significantly since WSIS was first adopted 20 years ago, and that many WSIS targets have been met and exceeded. Despite such impressive progress, the report cautions that some unmet targets, such as universal access to the Internet, and distribution of the benefits of digitalisation perpetuate digital divides. To quote the report, "As a result, the WSS's expectation that digitalisation would enable greater equality has not been met." For the 20th review of WSS to succeed in addressing this fundamental limitation, South Africa proposes the following. One, The Global Digital Compact and WSIS are mutually reinforcing blueprint documents aimed at improving global digital connectivity. Therefore, WSIS should complement the GDC to enable international cooperation with the intention of not duplicating the process, but rather bridging all digital divides, particularly international, intranational and gender digital divides. New and emerging digital technologies, such as artificial intelligence, have the potential to accelerate the implementation of the 2030 Agenda and the Sustainable Development Goals. Through its G20 presidency, South Africa is championing digital public infrastructure and AI, which are recognized by the GDC for the potential transformative effect on public sector delivery and broader economic development by providing opportunities for innovation and broader economic participation in the digital economy. Three, citing the high-level advisory body on artificial intelligence, The Secretary-General's report notes that inclusive artificial intelligence is hampered by global governance deficits whose compliance is reliant on voluntary action by digital enterprises concerned with maximising market outcomes rather than governance mechanisms concerned with broader public interest goals. To this end, South Africa welcomes the launch of the Global Dialogue on Artificial Intelligence, as this will enable all the world's people to rightly participate in global digital governance. However, due to digital and artificial intelligence divides, barriers to entry remain high for developing countries. To this end, South Africa contends that the Global Fund on AI, once operational, will be a source of support for not only closing AI divides, but of addressing the AI. 2nd Committee · Chair [1:45:32]: I thank the distinguished representative of South Africa, and I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Saudi Arabia. Saudi Arabia [1:45:43]: In the name of God, most gracious, most merciful. Madam Chair, allow me to begin by welcoming the Secretary-General's reports on agenda items 15 and 20. It sets out an analytical vision which deserves our support in the context of sustainable development. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia believes that Sustainable development requires ramping up multilateral action, sharing information, and guaranteeing that developing countries have access to modern technology. We want to underscore the role of STI in supporting sustainable development. In this context, the Organization for Digital Cooperation, launched in Riyadh, is one specialized international framework for the digital economy and artificial intelligence. It leads a global alliance, one that carries out cooperation in this area. We've also hosted numerous conferences that foster global dialogue in this area. There was a summit on artificial intelligence and a forum on internet governance of the United Nations, which we hosted in 2024. We're a middle-income country, and we also cooperate in this context. As such, we share knowledge and capacity, aiming to ensure capacity building and technical cooperation. That shows our commitment to solidarity and cooperation. Furthermore, we think culture is a pillar of sustainable development. Respect for cultural diversity fosters the creation of societies that are more comprehensive and more cohesive. In this context, we've launched several initiatives. aimed to aimed at our culture and youth and local society. Grounded in our values and our international and international institutions. Also in 2024, we hosted in Riyadh an important conference on the protection of cultural creativity and the strengthening of innovation in various areas. In closing, we reiterate our commitment to international efforts to guarantee benefits of technology, strengthen STEI and international cooperation for sustainable development and a more sustainable and prosperous future. Thank you. 2nd Committee · Chair [1:48:08]: I thank the distinguished representative of Saudi Arabia, and I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Colombia, followed by Nigeria. Colombia, the floor is yours. Colombia [1:48:24]: Dear President, Colombia aligns itself with a statement made by G77 in China, and we are pleased to share our remarks in our national capacity. Colombia bases its position vis-a-vis information and communication technologies for sustainable development in the following fashion. We are focused on social justice, environmental protection, and human dignity. Thus, the country has been firm and coherent in protecting vulnerable people. We've been focused particularly on women. boys, girls, indigenous peoples and Afro-descendant communities. Likewise, we recognize the value of ancestral and traditional languages and knowledge in the digital space, promoting inclusion and visibility. 80% of the Colombian population now has access to Internet. making Colombia one of the most connected countries in the region. We actively promote digital literacy as a tool to close the technological divide, and we defend public policies against unfair or monopolistic practices. We also promote social appropriation of knowledge and social innovation through open and participative models. As we deal with the impact of emerging technologies, it is clear that international cooperation and global governance are necessary. We reiterate the strategic value of South-South cooperation and triangular cooperation as mechanisms for inclusive cooperation that democratize access to development and revitalize multilateralism from a perspective of solidarity and equity. We are concerned by the resistance of some countries to commit to multilateral governance of artificial intelligence. This technology, which can be a powerful tool for sustainable development, cannot end up in the hands of a few. It cannot respond just to a few economic or geopolitical interests. If it is not fairly and collectively handled, we run the risk of deepening even more the digital divides that affect seriously developing countries. Artificial intelligence should help to overcome inequality rather than aggravate it. Colombia thus highlights governance based on multilateralism, ethical principles, equity and solidarity to ensure that nobody be left behind. Thank you very much. 2nd Committee · Chair [1:51:05]: I thank the distinguished representative of Colombia, and I now give the floor to the distinguished representative charged with affairs of Nigeria. Nigeria · Chargé d'affaires [1:51:16]: Thank you, Madam Chair. Madam Chair, at the outset, Nigeria aligns itself with the statements delivered by Iraq on behalf of the Group of 77 and China, and Guinea-Bissau on behalf of the African Group, and we should make the following remarks in our national capacity. Madam Chair, we stand at a unique point in human history where the rapid evolution of information and communication technology is reshaping our world with increasing innovation in the artificial intelligence space and quantum computing. We have seen how these trends can drive prosperity, but we have also witnessed how they exacerbate growing inequalities. The task before us is to harness this technology in fair and responsive manner, and our collective efforts must be grounded in solidarity. To this end, a comprehensive blueprint for inclusiveness is essential, one that serves as a catalyst for innovation and accelerates progress for the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. To ensure that the benefits of emerging technologies are shared equitably, we must address the fundamental enablers of digital participation by creating the conditions that allow everyone, especially in developing and underserved communities, to access, use, and benefit from digital technologies. Concrete action is needed in bridging the digital divide, not merely a matter of infrastructure, but also one of affordability, digital literacy, and institutional readiness. And Nigeria is actively progressing towards that goal. By training 3 million technical talents, we are preparing our people not simply to consume AI, but to shape the future. Nigeria has also commenced the deployment of 90,000 kilometers of fiber optic infrastructure as part of its commitment to achieving 70% digital literacy by 2027. Nigeria, however, with time running out to actualize the 2030 agenda, the following areas must be prioritized. One, scaled up international support for digital infrastructure. Two, increase investment in human capital with a focus on digital skills. Three, strengthened digital governance. And four, enhance South-South and triangular cooperation to facilitate innovation and locally driven digital solutions. In addressing the asymmetries of globalization, we call for fairer integration into global values reform the international financial architecture, and strengthen resilience of regional and global supply chains. And finally, we urge Member States to seize the moment to reaffirm our shared commitment to a world that fosters prosperity and well-being for all. I thank you, Madam Chair. 2nd Committee · Chair [1:54:15]: I thank the distinguished representative of Nigeria, and I now give the floor to the distinguished representative, the Deputy Permanent Representative of Ethiopia. Ethiopia · Deputy Permanent Representative [1:54:29]: Thank you so much, Madam Chair. Ethiopia aligns itself with the statement made by Iraq on behalf of the Group of 77 and China. Madam Chair, at a time key goals of the SDGs are in reversal, ICT is an essential accelerator of the 2030 agenda. However, the expanding global digital divide within and between states exacerbates existing and new disparities between high and low income countries. The report of the Secretary General clearly highlighted the urgency of addressing challenges related to emerging technologies and the digital divides, advocating for inclusivity, equitable access to digital infrastructure and artificial intelligence capabilities. Ethiopia has integrated ICT into our national development programs and economic transformation strategy. Let me highlight the following. First, our digital Ethiopia strategy is already leveraging digital technologies across various sectors such as agriculture, energy, manufacturing, services, and tourism with scale and speed. Ethiopia's government is making transformative investment, enhancing service delivery in both public and private sectors through digital platforms, improving efficiency and accessibility. Second, Ethiopia's National Digital ID Program is a cornerstone of our digital transformation strategy with rapid enrollment while anchored in inclusivity and integration across sectors. It is a key driver of our economic growth agenda. Crucially, it is closing the gender gap, empowering women to access social protection payments and finance, ensuring all participation in the economy. Third, Ethiopia is modernizing its public service delivery with our new initiative called Mesop One-Stop Service Center. This initiative is a digital platform that is a significant milestone in Ethiopia's effort to realize digital transformation to catalyze sustainable development. The initiative streamlines access to 40 essential services, enhance efficiency and accessibility, reducing bureaucratic bottlenecks and save time and resources for both citizens and the institutions. While significantly strengthening state capacity to deliver for the citizens, the initiative is a key pillar of the government's unwavering commitment to enhancing service delivery as a cornerstone of good governance. In conclusion, Madam Chair, the international community must uphold its commitments in the Global Digital Compact to narrow the ever-widening global digital divide to ensure that all countries, especially developing countries, have equitable access to digital infrastructure, tools and opportunities. I thank you, Madam Chair. 2nd Committee · Chair [1:57:11]: I thank the distinguished representative of Ethiopia, and I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Azerbaijan. Azerbaijan [1:57:25]: My delegation aligns with the statement made by G77 and China. We believe the efforts at national level remain critical to advancing digital transformation, while global cooperation provides a framework to scale and sustain these achievements. The SDGs report and the Global Digital Compact remind us that while progress has been made, much remains to be done, closing digital divides, ensuring safe digital spaces, and governing AI responsibly. These priorities are also at the core of Azerbaijan's digital transformation. Our strategy rests on five pillars aligned with the global agenda. First, meaningful connectivity. Beyond access, we focus on resilience. The Trans-Caspian Digital Corridor, part of the Digital Silk Way, will link Europe and Asia with a secure, low-latency data road, reinforcing international digital backbones. Second, digital public infrastructure. Through e-SAM centers and the MyGov portal, millions access integrated, citizen-centered services. We are expanding inclusion for rural communities, women, and youth, always with privacy and cybersecurity at the core. Third, Human-centric AI governance, our 2025 and 2028 national AI strategy, promotes innovation with ethics and safety, supported by sandboxes and standards. AI must be a public global good, with benefits shared universally. In this regard, we welcome the launch of a global dialogue on AI. Fourth, cybersecurity and trust. We're enhancing resilience, response capacity, and regulation to strengthen confidence in digital economy, in line with international cooperation frameworks. Fifth, green digital growth. Azerbaijan is integrating renewables into the ICT's backbone and aim to export green energy. By 2040, our digital and green agendas reinforce one another through smart grids, climate monitoring, and efficient infrastructure. Madam Chair, underlying all this effort is the importance of international cooperation in ICT, science, technology, and AI. No country can succeed alone. Stronger partnerships, north and south, public and private, are essential to ensure this technology serves development, reduce divides, and deliver global public goods. In November, Azerbaijan will proudly host the World Telecommunication Development Conference in Baku. We look forward to welcoming and working with all partners to shape a people-centered, development-oriented, and sustainable global digital future. Thank you. 2nd Committee · Chair [1:59:58]: I thank the distinguished representative of Azerbaijan, and I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Brunei Darussalam, followed by Indonesia. Brunei Darussalam, the floor is yours. Brunei Darussalam [2:00:14]: Thank you, Madam Chair. Brunaid Darussalam aligns itself with the statement delivered by Malaysia on behalf of ASEAN and the statement delivered by Iraq on behalf of the G77 and China. Madam Chair, we gather today at a critical juncture of yet another technological revolution. Artificial intelligence has the potential to become a powerful enabler of the 2030 agenda, and we have already witnessed how AI has revolutionized sectors such as trade, education, and health. Brunei approaches AI with a commitment to balance innovation with safety. Guided by our national vision, Wawasan Brunei 2035, we recognize the importance of emerging technologies in achieving our long-term development aspirations. To further economic diversification, our private sector launched a net-zero, solar-powered shrimp aquaculture facility in July this year, which utilizes AI-driven systems to monitor water quality and predict diseases in order to mitigate future risks. This is the first project of its kind in Southeast Asia. In the public sector, we partnered with the Commonwealth Secretariat in piloting an AI toolkit called Strategis AI to further optimise government services. Our universities have also convened regional programmes designed to equip young students with the capacity to thrive in the digital era. Looking ahead, Brunei is currently establishing the Digital Brunei Transformation Plan, a framework which will help steer the cross-sectoral use of AI to further advance digital government initiatives in a cutting-edge yet safe manner. Madam Chair, while AI offers potential in abundance, the misuse of AI can erode public trust, exacerbate inequalities, and even threaten international security. Such risks are particularly acute for small, developing, and highly connected nations like Brunei. It is in this light that we launched the Guideline on AI Governance and Ethics, which sets out guiding principles to help users leverage the power of AI responsibly. Madam Chair, Brunei believes that the international community must work collectively in shaping a global digital ecosystem that is ethical, safe, and human-centered. To this end, we call for enhanced multilateral cooperation in coordinating capacity building initiatives on AI, particularly for developing countries to further bridge the digital divide. We also look forward to engaging with partners constructively in shaping the technological future together, in line with the Global Digital Compact. In conclusion, Madam Chair, as the target to meet the 2030 agenda looms closer, Brunei emphasizes that its success will depend on meaningful digital transformation, where innovation must come with inclusion. Let us work together in building a digital future that uplifts rather than suppresses, that heals rather than harms, that connects rather than divides. I thank you, Madam Chair. 2nd Committee · Chair [2:03:06]: I thank the distinguished representative of Brunei Darussalam, and I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Indonesia. Indonesia [2:03:16]: Madam Chair, Indonesia associates itself with the statement made by Iraq on behalf of the G77 and China and by Malaysia on behalf of ASEAN and wishes to deliver the following remarks in its national capacity. Chair, in an era marked by rapid technology change, information and communication technologies, including emerging technologies such as AI, have become indispensable drivers of sustainable development. They enable innovation, strengthen public services, and connect communities in ways once unimaginable. Yet, the benefits of digitalization are not equally shared. For many developing countries, digital access remains out of reach due to limited infrastructure, affordability barriers, and unequal access to skills and literacy. With only five years left to achieve the 2030 agenda, it is clear that digital transformation must be inclusive and anchored in development. Against this backdrop, Indonesia wishes to underscore three key priorities. First, closing the digital divide must remain our collective priority. Over 2.6 billion people remain offline, and many more experience unmeaningful connectivity. Bridging this divide requires greater investment in digital infrastructure, capacity building, and digital public goods. Access must be meaningful, empowering individuals, not merely connecting devices. Second, inclusive global governance on digital and emerging technologies. Central to this ambition is that it shall reflect the needs and priorities of the Global South. Mechanisms such as the AI Independent Scientific Panel and Global Dialogue on AI Governance shall ensure that the innovation is development-oriented. Third, creating an enabling environment that helps all countries innovate and grow. This means advancing technology transfer, boosting support for research and development, and attracting investment in science, technology, and innovation. A level playing field will allow every nation to turn ideas into impact. In conclusion, Indonesia remains steadfast in promoting cooperation on ICT, as well as on science and technology. Guided by equity, ethic, and solidarity, let us turn digital divide into digital dividends and make science and technology a true bridge to sustainable progress for all. I thank you. 2nd Committee · Chair [2:05:52]: I thank the distinguished representative of Indonesia, and I now give the floor to the distinguished representative, His Excellency, Permanent Representative of Namibia, followed by Cameroon. Your Excellency, the floor is yours. Namibia · Permanent Representative [2:06:08]: Thank you, Chair. Namibia aligns with the statement delivered on behalf of the African Group and the G77 and China, and wishes to highlight a few comments under this agenda item. Namibia warmly welcomes the discussion on the role of information and communication technologies as a catalyst for sustainable development and as an enabler of globalization and interdependence. We recognize that in an increasingly interconnected world, no country can afford to be left behind in the digital domain, lest inequalities widen and development gains stall. For Namibia, ICTs are not a luxury, but a strategic imperative to realize our national aspirations as embedded in Vision 2030, the Sixth National Development Plan, and the Namibia UN Sustainable Development Cooperation Framework. In addition, through our National Digital Transformation Strategy, in alignment with Africa's Agenda 2063 and the UN 2030 Agenda, Namibia is investing in digital infrastructure, e-governance, innovation and education to empower our youth and to ensure inclusive access to the benefits of the digital economy. However, without adequate investment, capacity building and technological transfer, developing countries risk being further marginalized in the global digital ecosystem. Namibia therefore calls for enhanced international cooperation data, governance and financing of digital inclusion. Over the past decades, Namibia's ICT expansion efforts included investments in broadband backbone expansion, rural connectivity and mobile network reach, formulation of a national digital financing ecosystem strategy which seeks to leverage ICTs for financial inclusion, digital payments, and innovative service delivery. Initiatives in education to integrate ICTs in teaching, strengthen science, engineering, and mathematics skills, and address digital literacy gaps, especially amongst youth and disadvantaged communities. Namibia further emphasizes the importance of development cooperation and with middle income countries. And. Many, many MICS post in a unique experiences in building resilient ICT ecosystems while navigating similar structural structural challenges, strengthen South and South triangular cooperation through. knowledge sharing, capacity building, and joint technical initiatives can accelerate innovation, faster, inclusive growth, and ensure that no country is left behind in the global economic. 2nd Committee · Chair [2:09:10]: I thank the distinguished representative of Namibia and I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Cameroon. Cameroon [2:09:22]: I thank you, Chair. My delegation takes note of the report of the Secretary-General and expresses its concern about the persistence of digital and data divide for profit-making purposes. Cameroon is also concerned that ICT ecosystem is increasingly accounting on global carbon emissions and on global pollution, as large volumes of electronic waste are generated by plant technology absolutes with heavy cost management. Technical recommendations specific to these forms of pollution are to maximize the planet and people-centered approach in the use of the ICTs. Chair, Cameroon has set up a policy for the development of ICT with a specific national committee aimed to integrate into sector the daily activity of institutions and individuals. To this end, my country continues to strengthen the capacity of the National Agency for Information and Communication and that of the Telecommunication Regulatory Authority. Cameroon is also reinforcing comprehensive regulatory framework on cyber crime, cyber security, electronic communication and commerce. The digital Cameroon strategic plan is implemented with a view to strengthening the performance of the national economy, business and administration. In its commitment to leave no one behind, my government has implemented solar powered telecentres in rural areas all over its territory, connecting them to the world. In the same vein, My development partners are called upon to support this effort and to invest significantly in the various initiatives and projects related to ICT in favor of sustainable development. In the same vein, my delegation would like to call on the UN Secretary General to continue reinvigorating the UN inter-agency task team on STI with adequate funding and resources. With millions of people trapped in misery and poverty, billions not connected, while technology progress is unprecedented, the world is probably, my delegation of sorry, Cameroon, probably part of SIA Coalition for Africa, call on human member and developing partner to support this coalition, standing firmly for solidarity, responsibility, and action. Through solidarity for those left behind, responsibility to put SDI at the service of development, and action to transform our responsibility into solidarity and reality on the ground. As ICT essential Essentially, artificial intelligence are at the heart of fourth industrial revolution. Let's copy an existing model of lesson learned in the context of specific need of expertise in economic field. Cameroon, in this context, has created, we call the creation of the African Institute of Economic Development and Planning. I thank you, Madam Chair. 2nd Committee · Chair [2:12:17]: I thank the representative of Cameroon, and I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of the Maldives, followed by Ukraine. Maldives [2:12:31]: Thank you, Chair. The Maldives aligns with the statement delivered by Iraq on behalf of G77 and China, and Palau on behalf of AOSIS. Development follows innovation. Today, artificial intelligence is poised to bring about a digital revolution. The Maldives recognize the potential of AI as a great equalizer. It is the fulcrum on which we are building a future where we become a developed nation by 2040. It will augment our capacity to tackle complex challenges such as climate change, inclusive education, island security, and quality healthcare at unprecedented speed and scale. This is why we are investing in strengthening digital infrastructure, closing digital divides, and building AI and cybersecurity literacy. Earlier this year, the Maldives launched its first AI readiness report with UNESCO and the Maldives 2.0 roadmap, outlining a clear path to our 2040 goal and raising the digital economy's share of GDP to 15% by 2030. For the Maldives and for all developing countries, to fulfill the benefit from these frontier technologies, capacity building for AI must receive more international support. A global window for SIDS to tap into compute power, safe models, and concessional finance for AI projects would support the realisation of SDGs in SIDS. While we embrace these technologies, we must also be careful to ensure transparency, accountability, safety, and resilience. In this regard, we welcome the establishment of the independent International Scientific Panel on AI and the global dialogue on AI governance. We must ensure that the most powerful technology of our time remains anchored in our best values. The Maldives is ready to do its part in forging a future for AI that is anchored in equity, global trust, and human rights so that we empower generations to come. I thank you. 2nd Committee · Chair [2:14:57]: I thank the representative of the Maldives, and I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Ukraine. Ukraine [2:15:10]: Madam Chair. Ukraine welcomes the Committee's attention to information and communications technologies as a crucial element of sustainable development. The 2030 Agenda recognizes that digital transformation is essential for strong institutions, innovation, and equal access to services. Even under full-scale war of aggression, Ukraine continues to advance its digital transformation, having moved from 102nd to the 5th place in the online service index of the UN e-government development index. Our national platform, DIA, now offers over 130 public services to more than 22 million users, allowing citizens to access documents, social support, and business registration entirely online. We are actively sharing this experience with other countries pursuing digital reforms. To ensure uninterrupted education during wartime, Ukraine created Mariya, an online learning platform that allows children to study remotely despite Russia's deliberate attacks on schools and energy grid. Another important initiative, Strychka, connects Ukrainians abroad, enabling them to volunteer, collaborate, and participate in meaningful activities that support their homeland. Ukraine's Diia engine serves as the core of our e-governance system. This open source platform allows ministries to develop digital services quickly and independently, reducing development time by up to 70% and expanding citizen access nationwide. As is widely known, the aggression against Ukraine continues to inflict severe damage on its critical civilian infrastructure and digital networks. Targeted strikes on communication towers, data centers, and energy facilities aim to disrupt public services and isolate communities. Russia also conducts large-scale cyber operations that undermine international information security and the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals. Cybersecurity remains central to our digital resilience, and despite the mentioned challenges, Ukraine is moving towards achieving the objectives set by the National Cybersecurity Strategy for 2021-2025, including leveraging analytics to detect and respond to threats in real time, as well as training experts in cybersecurity. Despite these challenges, Ukraine remains determined to use digital technologies for resilience, recovery, and sustainable growth. I thank you. 2nd Committee · Chair [2:17:45]: I thank the distinguished representative of Ukraine, and I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Kuwait, followed by Zambia. Kuwait [2:18:00]: Thank you, Madam Chair. We would like to associate ourselves to the statement of G77 and China would also like to thank the chair of the committee and the bureau for facilitating the work of this committee. We express our appreciation to the UN Secretary General and the Secretariat for the documents. We have interlinked crises and interconnectedness between economic, political and social problems. Thus, technology must be more just. Developing countries, and especially MICs, have more than 40% of global economy. They face unprecedented crises due to debts and the restraints on concessional financing. and the achievement of SDGs. We need greater justice in the international financial system through a comprehensive reforming of the international financial architecture and new indexes, especially multidimensional indexes that can assess the vulnerability and other aspects of the economy. And this is part and parcel of our foreign policy that is based on constructive dialogue and international cooperation. We are proud to be a part of so many international efforts. We support multinational effort to counter international challenges and ensure sustainable development. In this vein, we welcome the Global Digital Compact and the International Dialogue on AI Governance. We stress that climate financing must be concessional and just, and those who have access to such financing must must be based on the different indexes that will ensure a fair inclusion, and we hope to graduate from the developing countries by 2050 in line with the civil commitment. The Kuwait National Fund has contributed since 1961 in supporting more than 1,000 projects in 100 countries because we believe that sustainable development will not be achieved but through technology transfer, capacity building at the national level, and cooperation. We believe that we have to provide more opportunities and fill the gaps can achieve social justice. Thus, we have to ensure comprehensive cooperation based on the values of the United Nations. Thank you, Madam Chair. 2nd Committee · Chair [2:20:52]: I thank the distinguished representative of Kuwait, and I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Zambia. Zambia [2:21:01]: Thank you, Madam Chair, for giving the floor to Zambia. Zambia welcomes the report on the implementation of and follow-up to the outcomes of the World Summit on the Information Society. We wish to recall the consensus around the global digital compact that Zambia was honored to co-facilitate and recognize the progress being made to move from aspiration to implementation and ensure that no country is left behind in the digital age. Zambia is doing its part to strengthen national digital strategies including investment in public digital infrastructure, e-government services, and digital skills development to promote inclusive and sustainable digital transformation. We are building digital public infrastructure to connect our schools, our hospitals, and our entrepreneurs to the global digital community. We have made substantial progress in providing public services digitally through our government service pass. We are also emphasizing digital skills development and greater investment in human capital, in particular for our young people and women who are at the heart of our economic transformation. Our investments are yielding results. We have seen an increase in telecommunication infrastructure, resulting in an increase in mobile cellular geographical coverage to 77%. and population coverage to 95% at the end of 2024. Our internet penetration is estimated at 67.3 per 100 inhabitants, reflecting steady progress towards a more digitally connected society. ICT is a growth sector in Zambia, projected to account for 14.9% of our GDP in 2025. To create an enabling policy environment for the adoption of emerging technologies, Zambia launched the Artificial Intelligence Strategy in 2024, focused on AI adoption in education, health, climate change, agriculture, and public sector. These national efforts require substantial cooperation and support at international level. We wish to highlight the need to ensure that digital technologies are harnessed for development with the right safeguards on associated risks and capacity building. Zambia looks forward to the SWIS+20 in December this year, and Zambia remains committed to international cooperation on digital matters. I thank you. 2nd Committee · Chair [2:23:46]: I thank the distinguished representative of Zambia, and I now give the floor to His Excellency, the Permanent Representative of Burundi, followed by Qatar. Burundi, the floor is yours. Burundi · Permanent Representative [2:24:02]: Thank you, Madam Chair. Madam Chair, information and communications technologies today have become genuine global public goods. They provide specific solutions to urgent challenges in several areas. These include health, education, agriculture, or governance. Burundi's government has put the digital transformation at the core of its national development strategy. We're currently investing in fiber optics, extending connectivity to rural areas. We're digitalizing public services, and we're supporting innovation, especially for young people and women. These efforts are aiming to make digital technology a vector for inclusive growth, transparency, and opportunities. However, we continue to face structural challenges expensive connectivity, weak infrastructure, a lack of adaptive financing, and a dearth of digital skills. These constraints have slowed our capacity to fully harness the benefits of ICTs. So Burundi welcomes the principles of the Pact for the Future, especially the call to strengthen international cooperation to guarantee that technologies benefit everyone. The Global Digital Compact is in the same vein. It affirms the right to universal and access and affordable and secure access to the internet while promoting responsible governance of emerging technologies. We welcome the conclusions of the various reports of the Secretary General on science, technology, and innovation, which call for bridging the global digital divide and call for putting technologies to use for sustainable development. Burundi thus reiterates its call for strong partnerships that include states, international organizations, and the private sector to build inclusive, secure connectivity, and to guarantee that the digital revolution does not become a new factor of exclusion. Thank you. 2nd Committee · Chair [2:26:11]: I thank the distinguished representative of Burundi, and I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Qatar. Qatar [2:26:21]: Madam Chair, at the outset, we'd like to express our thanks and appreciation to the Secretary General for the reports under the committee's consideration. We associate ourselves to the statement of the G77 and China. Ladies and gentlemen, international cooperation and the participation of the diverse stakeholders is one of the main components to achieve the aspired digital future, as was stated in the outcome document of the Pact for the Future and others, which stress the vital role of the UN to promote cooperation in this field. The State of Qatar stresses that we need science, technology, and innovation to face development challenges through the diversification of economy and increasing economic growth and productivity, promoting efficiencies and skills, respecting the economy and the environment, and achieving the 2030 agenda. Madam Chair, the state of Qatar, through its comprehensive national strategy, Qatar 2030, works on promoting innovation and growth in the ICT through digital technology, health, education, and other fields. We have promoted our cooperation with a number of international organizations through building national capacities, technology transfer. and others. Thus, we have made great achievements in this domain. The state of Qatar last year launched its digital plan that promotes the digital infrastructure to underpin the pillars of our abilities in emerging technologies through attracting investment and launching research and development and promoting talents and continuing training. We have hosted the Web Summit for the first time in the Middle East and North Africa in February 2024. We will host the second session of this conference in February 2026 to promote cooperation between SMEs and learn about new technologies and their impact and to promote from new digital applications in the economy. My country is preparing to also host other international conferences in Doha. It will assess the new visions of the ITU. We stress the need to promote international cooperation in the field of ICT, science, technology and innovation. We have to promote partnerships to ensure technology transfer and promote capacity building. We have to work on exchanging practices and promoting cooperation in this field. Thank you, Madam Chair. 2nd Committee · Chair [2:29:16]: Excuse me. I thank the distinguished representative of Qatar, and I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of the United Republic of Tanzania, followed by Timor-Leste. United Republic of Tanzania [2:29:32]: Thank you, Madam Chair, for the floor. My delegation aligns itself with the statement delivered on behalf of the Group of 77 and China, and I wish to make the following remarks in my national capacity. Tanzania reiterates that science, technology and innovation are indispensable for accelerating progress towards the Sustainable Development Goal and for building inclusive, resilient and sustainable economies. However, global progress in STI remains uneven and asymmetrical, reflecting persistence in balance in access to technology, research funding, and innovation ecosystem between developed and developing countries. Madam Chair, the Secretary General's analysis recognized the transportive potential of artificial intelligence, big data, biotechnology, and digital infrastructure. Yet, it also highlights widening technological gap and the growing concentration of innovation and digital power within a few advanced economies and multinational corporation. This reality creates new form of dependence, limiting national policy space and undermining equity and sovereignty in technology governance. Madam Chair, while we welcome global debates on ethical artificial intelligence and data governance, such framework must not become exclusive platform that shape global norms without meaningful participation from the global south. Developing countries continue to face barriers to technology transfer, restrictive intellectual property regime, and inadequate financing for research and innovation. Tanzania stressed that open, transparent, and inclusive governance of emerging technologies is vital to ensure that innovation serves humanity, not just for the privileged few. The Pact for the Future and the Global Digital Compact present opportunity to reshape the global digital architecture But the commitment must be matched with the resource capacity building, technology access, and address the realities of least developed country. We are partners to move beyond rhetoric and invest in STI ecosystem across Africa through financing, skills development, and inadequate partnership. Madam Chair, finally, at the national level, Tanzania continue to advance digital transformation, expanding broadband access, strengthening e-government, and supporting youth. and women innovators. We therefore call for the following: one, a global STI financing facility for developing countries; two, effective implementation of technology transfer commitment; three, inclusive governance of artificial intelligence; and fourth, strengthening of the UN Technology Bank for LDCs. Finally, Tanzania stands ready to work with all Member States to ensure that STI becomes a force for global solidarity and shared prosperity leaving no nation behind in this digital era. I thank you. 2nd Committee · Chair [2:32:30]: I thank the distinguished representative of the United Republic of Tanzania, and I now give the floor to His Excellency, Permanent Representative of Timor-Leste. Timor-Leste · Deputy Permanent Representative [2:32:47]: Madam Chair, thank you for giving me the floor. Information and communication technology has been transformative force in fostering globalization and driving sustainable development. It serves as a cornerstone for connecting economies, cultures, and populations in unprecedented ways. However, while ICT presents immense opportunities, its benefits are not shared equally. Many vulnerable nations, including small island developing states and least developed countries, continue to face persistent challenges related to infrastructure, affordability, and digital literacy. Without inclusive policies and strengthened international cooperation, these gaps risk entrenching the digital divide, exacerbating inequalities, and undermining the collective progress toward the Sustainable Development Goals. Chair, As both an LDC and CDM, Timor-Leste recognizes the indispensable role of ICT in achieving sustainable development, particularly in fostering economic diversification and overcoming geographical isolation. We are actively pursuing digital transformation to improve governance, expand public services, generate economic opportunities, and enhance social inclusion. In June 2023, the government of Timor-Leste launched Timor Digital 2032, a national strategy plan designed to harness digital technologies to strengthen governance, diversify the economy, and advance priority sectors, including health, education, and agriculture. This plan is currently being updated to formally integrate artificial intelligence, reflecting our commitment to keeping pace with technological advancements. A central pillar of this transformation is the South Submarine Cable Project, a 607-kilometer government-funded initiative connecting Dili to Australia's Northwest Cable System, with a capacity of 27 terabytes per second. The cable landed in June 2024 and became ready for service in 2025. marking Timor-Leste's first international submarine linkage. This milestone has already expanded access to faster, more reliable, and affordable internet, linking Timor-Leste more closely with Southeast Asia and the global digital economy. These infrastructure gains are already generating momentum. UNTAD's readiness assessment Timor-Leste highlight Timor-Leste growing e-commerce potential with strategy implementation of Timor Digital 2032 and sustained investment. Timor-Leste aims to enhance this development to improve the quality of life for all citizens and accelerate sustainable development. Sure, Timor-Leste experience demonstrate both the vulnerability and the opportunistic phase. 2nd Committee · Chair [2:35:48]: I thank the distinguished Deputy Permanent Representative of Timor-Leste. And I now give the floor to the distinguished Deputy Permanent Representative of Tajikistan, followed by Morocco. Tajikistan, the floor is yours. Tajikistan · Deputy Permanent Representative [2:36:04]: Thank you, Madam Chair, distinguished delegates. Tajikistan aligns itself with the statement delivered by the distinguished representative of Iraq on behalf of the Group of 77 and China. The transformative power of ICTs is undeniable. They drive innovation, empower communities, and accelerate progress across all SDGs. Yet, the digital divide remains a serious global challenge. About 2.6 billion people are still offline worldwide. While 93% of people in high-income nations are connected, only 27% present in low-income countries have access. The Global Digital Compact provides a clear framework for inclusive and responsible digital transformation. We welcome that its implementation is already underway, including the establishment of the International Scientific Panel on AI and the annual Global Dialogue on AI Governance. Madam Chair, in Central Asia, are witnessing a new era of digital transformation. Tajikistan has sought to lead by example. In 2022, we adopted the strategy for the development of AI until 2040, the first such strategy in our region. We are determined to integrate AI into education, build laboratories, and research programs and partners globally to establish a green AI compute hub powered by renewable energy. Building on this foundation, His Excellency Mr. Emomali Rahmon, the President of Tajikistan, launched the initiative, the rule of AI in in creating new opportunities for sustainable development in Central Asia which led to the adoption on 25th July 2025 uh of the first ever United Nation region resolution on AI the resolution underscores the importance of self-regulation as a flexible tool to balance Innovation with the responsibility it also calls for the establishment of the regional AI center in Dushanbe to serve as a hub for collaborative projects. For developing countries, building capacity remains the central challenge. Access to education, training, open models, and compute power is essential to bridge divides and enable equal participation in the digital economy. To discuss this issue, the government of Tajikistan will hold the first Dushanbe AI conference on 24th, 25th, October 2025. In this spirit, Tajikistan warmly invites all member states and stakeholders to join us in Dushanbe to help shape the future of AI in our region and beyond. I thank you. 2nd Committee · Chair [2:39:02]: I thank the distinguished Deputy Permanent Representative of Tajikistan, and I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Morocco. Morocco [2:39:15]: Thank you, Madam Chair. Morocco welcomes the substantive report of the Secretary-General on items 15 and 20, and I will focus this intervention on items 20B and 20C, on culture and development. My delegation appreciates the quality of the Secretary-General's report. Morocco welcomes the growing global recognition of culture as a driver of sustainable development, as reflected in the Pact for the Future and recent UN resolutions. Culture is not an accessory to development. It is a strategic pillar for inclusion, resilience and peace. For Morocco, Cultural identity, creativity and heritage are key enablers of sustainable development in its economic, social and environmental dimensions. We recognize that locally rooted approaches anchored in heritage helps strengthening community ownership and social cohesion while supporting transitions in education, livelihoods and climate action. In this respect, Morocco looks forward to an enriching discussion and to a constructive resolution under this item, building on the momentum created by the Pact for the Future. On development cooperation with middle-income countries, MIX, my delegation wishes to deliver the following remarks. First, we commend the substantive quality of this year's Secretary-General's report, which rightly recognizes the unique challenges and potential of middle income countries. We reiterate the call for a coherent system-wide UN response that delivers tailored and predictable support aligned with national strategies and the align with the QCPR mandate. Second, as reaffirmed in the Rabat Declaration of 2024 and the Makati Declaration of 2025, Morocco supports the establishment of a strategic plan of action for MIX as recommended in the report. This plan should serve as a guiding framework for international cooperation, aligning global support with national priorities. Third, Morocco reaffirms the importance of adopting multidimensional measures that go beyond GDP to assess progress and vulnerabilities. We look forward to the work of the high-level expert group and the upcoming UN-led intergovernmental process on these indicators. to ensure a fairer and more accurate reflection of mixed realities. Chair, we are not asking for much. Middle-income countries striving to reach higher income levels must be encouraged, and the international community must foster an inclusive multilateral dialogue on international cooperation that truly responds to mixed needs and ambitions. Finally, my delegation has the honour to facilitate the resolution once again on this item, And we look forward to a constructive and. 2nd Committee · Chair [2:42:15]: I thank the distinguished representative of Morocco. And I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Nepal. Nepal [2:42:31]: Mr. Chair. Madam Chair, the rapidly evolving landscape of science and ICTs hold transformative potential to drive economic growth and entrepreneurship, enhance e-governance services, and reduce poverty and inequality. Yet, we remain deeply concerned about the widening global economic and digital divides, escalating cybercrimes, and the misuse of digital platforms for extremism, online violence, and misinformation. Chair, Nepal accords utmost priority to leveraging STIs and ICTs as an enabler for attaining SDGs, accelerating sustainable development, and improving quality of life of our peoples. Our development policy underscores the need to expand ICT access, promote investment in scientific research, and utilize these advancements for economic transformation and national development. In pursuit of this vision, Nepal has declared the decade from 2024 to 2034 as the IT decade. Our ambitious goal is to export IT services, generate direct and indirect jobs, and fully utilize the thriving digital economy. We are committed to extending broadband internet to the local level, establishing a state-of-the-art technology hub through public-private partnerships, and reinforcing both digital and physical infrastructures. We stress developing robust digital public infrastructure, expanding broadband connectivity, and enhancing inclusive access to technologies. Yet, challenges remain, such as insufficient digital infrastructure, deepening technological gaps, lack of connectivity, limited access to advanced technologies, inadequate financial support for research and innovation, digital literacy deficits, and growing cybersecurity vulnerabilities. In this context, first, closing the digital divide between and among nations must remain a collective global priority. The fact that Over 2.6 billion people, nearly one third of the humanity, remains offline, underlines this urgency. Addressing these disparities requires strengthening digital infrastructure, interoperability, expanding technological access, and enhancing digital skills, particularly in developing countries. Second, global cooperation and partnership in research and development in emerging technologies, such as AI, renewable energy technologies, biotechnology, is indispensable. They have the potential to provide innovative solutions to pressing global economic, social, and environmental challenges. Third, investing in digital public infrastructure is paramount. We must prioritize harnessing the immense benefits of digital economy within our global and development policy frameworks. Mobilizing FDI, development assistance, and domestic resources alongside sound data governance, intellectual property protection, and competition frameworks can help address existing gaps. We look forward to engaging constructively in the WSIS+20 review process for building a people-centric, inclusive, and resilient digital ecosystem that benefits all nations. Nepal stands ready to partner with the international community to harness ICTs and SDI for a just, inclusive, and sustainable digital future for all. Thank you. 2nd Committee · Chair [2:45:30]: I thank the distinguished representative of Nepal, and I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Burkina Faso, followed by Oman. Burkina Faso, you have the floor, please. Burkina Faso [2:45:44]: Thank you, Madam Chair. Madam Chair, my delegation fully aligns itself with the statements delivered by the Group of 77 and China, as well as the statement of the landlocked developing states. We would like to add the following in national capacity. Madam Chair, Burkina Faso reaffirms that science, technology and innovation are indispensable forces for the structural transformation of our economies and for the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals by 2030. The usefulness of these tools has been demonstrated, but accessing them has remained a privilege in certain parts of the world. In 2023, only 37% of the African population had internet access, and that figure at the global level was 67%. The gap between rural and urban areas is even more dismaying. This digital divide has amplified existing inequality. Madam Chair, given the aforementioned, Burkina Faso has adopted a strategic approach. It aims to integrate digital technology in all aspects of national life. We have a framework for digital management for 2019 to 2030. It seeks to guarantee broadband access throughout our territory at low cost by 2030. As a result of this push, the mobile internet coverage rate has reached 79.6% in 2023, and the use of digital payment tools has considerably improved. This has fostered financial inclusion. Despite this progress, challenges remain, such as dead zones in terms of coverage, a higher cost of connection, and others. The international community needs to mobilize the resources needed to facilitate access to emerging technologies and support development of infrastructure in the LDCs. There's a need to support the development of infrastructure in the least developed countries. Burkina Faso, for its part, reiterates its commitment to work to make science, technology, and innovation genuine vectors of transformation and shared prosperity. Thank you. 2nd Committee · Chair [2:48:08]: I thank the distinguished representative of Burkina Faso, and I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Oman. Oman [2:48:22]: Madam Chair, the delegation of Oman extends its gratitude to the United Nations for its efforts to bolster the role of SDI for sustainable development. Given the economic environmental challenges which are mounting and which require knowledge, innovation, and technology, the Sultanate of Oman believes that knowledge and innovation are needed for the information society. This remains a priority. In that context, we recently launched several national initiatives. These include the linguistic model of Oman, artificial intelligence, a global portal for open data. And what's more, we partnered with an organization to build a regional center for artificial intelligence and for digital technology to build capacity. The Sultanate of Oman reaffirms the importance of capacity building for developing states and the importance of bridging the digital divide. We also need to strengthen the implementation of the World Summit on the Information Society. We need to benefit from the recommendations of the Science and Technology Committee for Sustainable Development so as to build national effective systems. The Sultanate of Oman pays tribute to the international commission on international panel on artificial intelligence was set up for by the General Assembly for the safe and responsible use of AI to serve sustainable development and digital justice. We stand ready to work together in these bodies and to participate in the governance of artificial intelligence. I'll conclude now by saying that STI requires a common cooperation and a common vision. This should be underpinned, it should be human-centered in a spirit of partnership, in the spirit of this noble effort. Thank you. 2nd Committee · Chair [2:50:42]: Representative of Oman. And I will now give the floor to the distinguished representative of Guinea, followed by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. And these two will be the last speakers in our morning session. and Guinea, the floor is yours, please. Guinea [2:51:07]: Thank you, Madam Chair. My delegation fully aligns itself with the statements made by the representative of Nepal and of Guinea-Bissau on behalf of the G77 and China. And pardon me. And on behalf of the African Group, allow me to make some remarks in our national capacity. Madam Chair, digital technology is a catalyst for global transformation. At this time, we have a collective duty, fully tapping the potential of these technologies to promote inclusive, resilient, and sustainable development. ICTs are indeed an essential force for acceleration of the implementation of the SDGs by prioritizing economic growth, social inclusion, and environmental preservation. Aware of this global challenge, our government has integrated the digital dimension in its long-term development vision. We've done this through a program which seeks to make to improve our state here by 2014 major progress has been made the extension and modernization of our digital infrastructure this has improved access to ICTs throughout our national territory The deployment of over 4,000 kilometers of fiber optics has connected rural and urban areas to broadband internet, bridging the digital divide. We've integrated digital technology into education too, which targets universities and learning programs online. We have a program called Giga to connect primary and secondary schools, especially in remote areas. The aim here is to facilitate to digital education. We've operationalized national IT systems, too, to fight cybercrime and to build the capacity of the relevant institutions. We've also aimed at sustainable agriculture to ensure climate change resilience. The Republic of Guinea remains firmly convinced that ICTs are a strategic force for structural transformation of our economies, and they're an essential path toward implementing the SDGs. In that regard, I'm pleased to point out to you that in next November, in Conakry, we'll be hosting the seventh African Transformational Summit. The Republic of Guinea is proud to host. 2nd Committee · Chair [2:54:07]: I thank the distinguished representative of Guinea, and I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. OECD [2:54:20]: Thank you, Chair, Excellencies. Science, technology, and innovation are powerful enablers of sustainable development. Around the world, there is growing interest in mission-oriented innovation, an approach that requires public leadership to shape markets and steer portfolios of solutions across sectors and technologies. Through our cross-directorate initiative, the OECD Mission Action Lab, we are supporting countries in designing and implementing mission-oriented STI strategies. This includes work with OECD members and the European Union, as well as partnerships with middle income countries, aligning SDI investments with digital inclusion goals. Our experience shows that sustained investment and strategic direction are essential, and that SDI systems must be retooled to be truly fit for purpose in driving transformative change. A key area of focus is digital public infrastructure, secure, interoperable systems that enable broad access to public and private services. DPI includes digital identity, data sharing systems, digital payments, and digital notifications. These systems are foundational for inclusive economic and social development. To support this, we are identifying good practices across OECD countries and establishing a platform for peer learning and collaboration among developing cooperation providers, UN agencies, and government partners from low and middle income countries. During turning to developing cooperation with middle income countries, the OECD Development Assistance Committee is enhancing cooperation with middle income countries to support sustainable transitions beyond official development assistance eligibility. Under the strengthened graduation framework, potential graduates are encouraged to develop country led strategies with donor partners to ensure a smooth phase out of official development assistance, foster new forms of cooperation and safeguard development gains as part of this effort, the OECD will contact country pilots. Costa Rica and Panama, supported by the OECD, are two countries that are currently implementing such strengthened graduation strategies, ensuring financing sustainability. These efforts build on the Seville Commitment and Platform for Action, focusing on resilience, domestic resource mobilization, and innovative partnership. Thank you very much, Chair. 2nd Committee · Chair [2:56:56]: I thank the distinguished representative of the OECD. We have heard the last speaker for this morning's meeting. We will reconvene this afternoon at 3:00 p.m. in this room to continue and conclude the joint consideration of agenda items 15 and 20. Please consult the live list of speakers for the latest list. Following the conclusion of the list of speakers under items 15 and 20, the committee will hear remaining statements in general debate. Time permitting, after the conclusion of the general debate, the committee will hear remaining statements in the joint general discussion of items 21 and 23. I thank you. The meeting is adjourned.