{"disclaimer":"Transcripts available through this tool are created by using automatic speech recognition and are not official records nor official documents of the United Nations. Official records and official documents are available on the Official Document System of the United Nations.","url":"https://transcripts.un.org/zh/ga/c6/81/30?lang=floor","llms":{"note":"Plain-text sibling of this page, compact for LLM context. 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are encouraged to keep their statements within these time limits and where possible deliver abridged versions of their statements while providing the full statements for posting on e statements and on the website of the sixth 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will enable all delegations to deliver the statements within the schedule we've set ourselves.","start":103.15,"end":109.06,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":103.15,"end":103.37},{"text":"will","start":103.38,"end":103.54},{"text":"enable","start":103.54,"end":104.07},{"text":"all","start":104.15,"end":104.35},{"text":"delegations","start":104.35,"end":104.35},{"text":"to","start":105.19,"end":105.28},{"text":"deliver","start":105.28,"end":105.76},{"text":"the","start":105.77,"end":105.9},{"text":"statements","start":105.91,"end":106.71},{"text":"within","start":106.74,"end":107.2},{"text":"the","start":107.25,"end":107.36},{"text":"schedule","start":107.37,"end":107.87},{"text":"we've","start":107.87,"end":108.09},{"text":"set","start":108.09,"end":108.38},{"text":"ourselves","start":108.38,"end":109.06}]},{"text":"The report of the commission on the work of the 77 session is contained in document a slash 81/10 which is available 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in accordance with resolution 80/164, the sixth committee will also continue its consideration of chapter four of the commission's 2025 report on the topic sea level rise in relation to international law as contained in document A slash 80 slash ten which is also available 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move to the list of speakers.","start":143.65,"end":145.51,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":143.65,"end":143.75},{"text":"move","start":143.75,"end":143.98},{"text":"to","start":143.99,"end":144.12},{"text":"the","start":144.12,"end":144.31},{"text":"list","start":144.35,"end":144.68},{"text":"of","start":144.68,"end":144.77},{"text":"speakers","start":144.79,"end":145.51}]},{"text":"The first speaker on my list is the distinguished representative of 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Committee"}},{"statement_number":3,"start":155.97,"pageUrl":"/zh/ga/c6/81/30?lang=floor&t=2:36","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you madam chair.","start":155.97,"end":156.95,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":155.97,"end":156.2},{"text":"you","start":156.21,"end":156.3},{"text":"madam","start":156.3,"end":156.6},{"text":"chair","start":156.6,"end":156.95}]},{"text":"Since it is the first time Italy is taking the floor, I would like to congratulate you and the other members of the bureau on your election and thank the chair of the International Law Commission, Mr. Andreas Mavroyiannis for his informative 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has a long tradition in support of the work of the international law commission to pursue its 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sufficient time to conduct its work in light of the crucial importance of its functions Madam Chair I will only 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pronounce the key points of our national statements in order to remain within the time allowance.","start":195.56,"end":201.24,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"only","start":195.56,"end":195.57},{"text":"pronounce","start":195.57,"end":196.23},{"text":"the","start":196.27,"end":196.43},{"text":"key","start":196.44,"end":196.64},{"text":"points","start":196.64,"end":197.11},{"text":"of","start":197.11,"end":197.24},{"text":"our","start":197.27,"end":197.44},{"text":"national","start":197.45,"end":198.07},{"text":"statements","start":198.07,"end":198.79},{"text":"in","start":198.79,"end":198.91},{"text":"order","start":198.91,"end":199.17},{"text":"to","start":199.17,"end":199.34},{"text":"remain","start":199.34,"end":199.75},{"text":"within","start":199.75,"end":200.11},{"text":"the","start":200.11,"end":200.22},{"text":"time","start":200.23,"end":200.58},{"text":"allowance","start":200.59,"end":201.24}]},{"text":"In any case, we will deposit the text of the whole statement to be published online.","start":201.73,"end":206.31,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":201.73,"end":201.89},{"text":"any","start":201.89,"end":202.09},{"text":"case","start":202.09,"end":202.5},{"text":"we","start":202.53,"end":202.68},{"text":"will","start":202.69,"end":202.89},{"text":"deposit","start":202.91,"end":203.4},{"text":"the","start":203.43,"end":203.55},{"text":"text","start":203.55,"end":203.97},{"text":"of","start":203.97,"end":204.07},{"text":"the","start":204.11,"end":204.19},{"text":"whole","start":204.19,"end":204.41},{"text":"statement","start":204.43,"end":204.93},{"text":"to","start":204.93,"end":205.08},{"text":"be","start":205.11,"end":205.25},{"text":"published","start":205.25,"end":205.79},{"text":"online","start":205.79,"end":206.31}]},{"text":"I will begin by addressing the topic of sea level rise in relation to international law.","start":207.54,"end":212.15,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"I","start":207.54,"end":207.66},{"text":"will","start":207.66,"end":207.83},{"text":"begin","start":207.83,"end":208.27},{"text":"by","start":208.31,"end":208.56},{"text":"addressing","start":208.56,"end":208.56},{"text":"the","start":209.11,"end":209.21},{"text":"topic","start":209.21,"end":209.65},{"text":"of","start":209.65,"end":209.75},{"text":"sea","start":209.76,"end":209.95},{"text":"level","start":209.97,"end":210.25},{"text":"rise","start":210.3,"end":210.63},{"text":"in","start":210.63,"end":210.71},{"text":"relation","start":210.8,"end":211.15},{"text":"to","start":211.15,"end":211.22},{"text":"international","start":211.22,"end":211.91},{"text":"law","start":211.91,"end":212.15}]},{"text":"First of all, allow me to express Italy's appreciation for the UN declaration on sea level rise and the recognition of the valuable contribution to the understanding of the legal dimension of sea level rise provided by the advisory opinion of the SEJ on climate change, as well as by the final report of the ILC on sea level rise.","start":212.87,"end":233.86,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"First","start":212.87,"end":213.16},{"text":"of","start":213.16,"end":213.17},{"text":"all","start":213.17,"end":213.45},{"text":"allow","start":213.47,"end":213.75},{"text":"me","start":213.76,"end":213.94},{"text":"to","start":213.95,"end":214.09},{"text":"express","start":214.09,"end":214.59},{"text":"Italy's","start":214.71,"end":215.2},{"text":"appreciation","start":215.2,"end":216.13},{"text":"for","start":216.15,"end":216.39},{"text":"the","start":216.39,"end":216.55},{"text":"UN","start":216.55,"end":216.87},{"text":"declaration","start":216.89,"end":217.6},{"text":"on","start":217.61,"end":217.71},{"text":"sea","start":217.71,"end":217.91},{"text":"level","start":217.92,"end":218.21},{"text":"rise","start":218.23,"end":218.65},{"text":"and","start":219.14,"end":219.25},{"text":"the","start":219.27,"end":219.34},{"text":"recognition","start":219.34,"end":220.23},{"text":"of","start":220.32,"end":220.45},{"text":"the","start":220.47,"end":220.57},{"text":"valuable","start":220.59,"end":221.07},{"text":"contribution","start":221.07,"end":221.95},{"text":"to","start":221.95,"end":222.07},{"text":"the","start":222.07,"end":222.21},{"text":"understanding","start":222.37,"end":222.91},{"text":"of","start":222.91,"end":223.01},{"text":"the","start":223.02,"end":223.13},{"text":"legal","start":223.13,"end":223.46},{"text":"dimension","start":223.46,"end":224.1},{"text":"of","start":224.11,"end":224.19},{"text":"sea","start":224.19,"end":224.4},{"text":"level","start":224.42,"end":224.68},{"text":"rise","start":224.76,"end":225.12},{"text":"provided","start":225.59,"end":226.23},{"text":"by","start":226.23,"end":226.43},{"text":"the","start":226.44,"end":226.59},{"text":"advisory","start":226.59,"end":227.15},{"text":"opinion","start":227.16,"end":227.65},{"text":"of","start":227.71,"end":227.79},{"text":"the","start":227.79,"end":227.92},{"text":"SEJ","start":227.92,"end":228.55},{"text":"on","start":228.67,"end":228.8},{"text":"climate","start":228.8,"end":229.19},{"text":"change","start":229.23,"end":229.67},{"text":"as","start":230.16,"end":230.36},{"text":"well","start":230.37,"end":230.63},{"text":"as","start":230.63,"end":230.79},{"text":"by","start":230.8,"end":230.99},{"text":"the","start":230.99,"end":231.1},{"text":"final","start":231.1,"end":231.47},{"text":"report","start":231.47,"end":231.99},{"text":"of","start":231.99,"end":232.09},{"text":"the","start":232.11,"end":232.25},{"text":"ILC","start":232.27,"end":232.76},{"text":"on","start":232.8,"end":232.94},{"text":"sea","start":232.95,"end":233.18},{"text":"level","start":233.27,"end":233.39},{"text":"rise","start":233.43,"end":233.86}]},{"text":"Regards Regarding the stability of maritime zones, italy appreciates that the need for stability of maritime zone established in accordance with UNCRAS has been recognized in paragraph 20 of the un declaration on sea level rise as for statehood, italy shares the conclusion that international law provide for a presumption in favor of continued statehood in cases of land terrorist challenges changes due to the sea level rise.","start":233.86,"end":266.62,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"Regards","start":233.86,"end":233.86},{"text":"Regarding","start":234.72,"end":235.29},{"text":"the","start":235.3,"end":235.39},{"text":"stability","start":235.39,"end":236.15},{"text":"of","start":236.23,"end":236.43},{"text":"maritime","start":236.43,"end":237.13},{"text":"zones","start":237.14,"end":237.68},{"text":"italy","start":238.11,"end":238.59},{"text":"appreciates","start":238.6,"end":239.5},{"text":"that","start":240.07,"end":240.27},{"text":"the","start":240.29,"end":240.41},{"text":"need","start":240.41,"end":240.65},{"text":"for","start":240.67,"end":240.81},{"text":"stability","start":240.83,"end":241.47},{"text":"of","start":241.47,"end":241.59},{"text":"maritime","start":241.59,"end":242.15},{"text":"zone","start":242.18,"end":242.64},{"text":"established","start":242.75,"end":243.48},{"text":"in","start":243.51,"end":243.67},{"text":"accordance","start":243.69,"end":244.54},{"text":"with","start":244.59,"end":244.87},{"text":"UNCRAS","start":244.91,"end":245.42},{"text":"has","start":245.85,"end":246.01},{"text":"been","start":246.03,"end":246.21},{"text":"recognized","start":246.21,"end":246.89},{"text":"in","start":246.89,"end":247.01},{"text":"paragraph","start":247.03,"end":247.52},{"text":"20","start":247.52,"end":247.98},{"text":"of","start":248.11,"end":248.27},{"text":"the","start":248.27,"end":248.4},{"text":"un","start":248.4,"end":248.68},{"text":"declaration","start":248.7,"end":249.38},{"text":"on","start":249.42,"end":249.57},{"text":"sea","start":249.57,"end":249.79},{"text":"level","start":249.81,"end":250.07},{"text":"rise","start":250.12,"end":250.49},{"text":"as","start":251.85,"end":252.22},{"text":"for","start":252.55,"end":252.85},{"text":"statehood","start":252.85,"end":253.54},{"text":"italy","start":254.38,"end":254.77},{"text":"shares","start":254.79,"end":255.3},{"text":"the","start":255.75,"end":255.91},{"text":"conclusion","start":255.91,"end":256.6},{"text":"that","start":256.6,"end":256.8},{"text":"international","start":256.82,"end":257.63},{"text":"law","start":257.63,"end":257.87},{"text":"provide","start":257.88,"end":258.43},{"text":"for","start":258.43,"end":258.66},{"text":"a","start":258.66,"end":258.72},{"text":"presumption","start":258.75,"end":259.58},{"text":"in","start":259.63,"end":259.79},{"text":"favor","start":259.79,"end":260.21},{"text":"of","start":260.21,"end":260.37},{"text":"continued","start":260.38,"end":260.96},{"text":"statehood","start":261.03,"end":261.7},{"text":"in","start":262.17,"end":262.34},{"text":"cases","start":262.35,"end":262.87},{"text":"of","start":262.91,"end":263.07},{"text":"land","start":263.07,"end":263.36},{"text":"terrorist","start":263.37,"end":263.87},{"text":"challenges","start":263.9,"end":264.5},{"text":"changes","start":264.56,"end":265.13},{"text":"due","start":265.15,"end":265.44},{"text":"to","start":265.45,"end":265.57},{"text":"the","start":265.59,"end":265.7},{"text":"sea","start":265.71,"end":265.88},{"text":"level","start":265.9,"end":266.15},{"text":"rise","start":266.15,"end":266.62}]},{"text":"While reaffirming such presumption, we would also like to recall the practical future implications relating to both the implementation of the principle of self determination of peoples and the exercise of sovereignty, sovereign rights, and obligation by state in this unprecedented context.","start":267.63,"end":288.2,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"While","start":267.63,"end":267.87},{"text":"reaffirming","start":267.87,"end":268.6},{"text":"such","start":268.61,"end":268.81},{"text":"presumption","start":268.81,"end":269.62},{"text":"we","start":270.03,"end":270.2},{"text":"would","start":270.2,"end":270.46},{"text":"also","start":270.46,"end":270.79},{"text":"like","start":270.79,"end":271.04},{"text":"to","start":271.07,"end":271.21},{"text":"recall","start":271.21,"end":271.67},{"text":"the","start":271.68,"end":271.81},{"text":"practical","start":271.83,"end":272.56},{"text":"future","start":272.87,"end":273.59},{"text":"implications","start":273.63,"end":274.73},{"text":"relating","start":275.14,"end":275.69},{"text":"to","start":275.7,"end":275.86},{"text":"both","start":275.86,"end":276.14},{"text":"the","start":276.18,"end":276.26},{"text":"implementation","start":276.26,"end":277.16},{"text":"of","start":277.16,"end":277.27},{"text":"the","start":277.27,"end":277.4},{"text":"principle","start":277.4,"end":278.06},{"text":"of","start":278.06,"end":278.18},{"text":"self","start":278.18,"end":278.18},{"text":"determination","start":278.46,"end":279.18},{"text":"of","start":279.18,"end":279.3},{"text":"peoples","start":279.3,"end":279.88},{"text":"and","start":280.37,"end":280.55},{"text":"the","start":280.67,"end":280.67},{"text":"exercise","start":280.67,"end":281.42},{"text":"of","start":281.42,"end":281.55},{"text":"sovereignty","start":281.56,"end":282.26},{"text":"sovereign","start":282.9,"end":283.3},{"text":"rights","start":283.32,"end":283.81},{"text":"and","start":283.98,"end":284.2},{"text":"obligation","start":284.2,"end":285.02},{"text":"by","start":285.06,"end":285.25},{"text":"state","start":285.26,"end":285.73},{"text":"in","start":286.22,"end":286.38},{"text":"this","start":286.39,"end":286.63},{"text":"unprecedented","start":286.63,"end":286.63},{"text":"context","start":287.54,"end":288.2}]},{"text":"Finally, we have taken note of the AEOS proposal to focus discussions on the issue of the protection of persons, and we stand ready to engage farther further on this important subtopic.","start":289.7,"end":302.06,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"Finally","start":289.7,"end":290.26},{"text":"we","start":290.26,"end":290.42},{"text":"have","start":290.43,"end":290.57},{"text":"taken","start":290.58,"end":291.02},{"text":"note","start":291.02,"end":291.42},{"text":"of","start":291.46,"end":291.61},{"text":"the","start":291.62,"end":291.74},{"text":"AEOS","start":291.74,"end":292.2},{"text":"proposal","start":292.2,"end":293.29},{"text":"to","start":293.3,"end":293.44},{"text":"focus","start":293.46,"end":293.9},{"text":"discussions","start":293.91,"end":294.76},{"text":"on","start":295.2,"end":295.36},{"text":"the","start":295.38,"end":295.5},{"text":"issue","start":295.5,"end":295.93},{"text":"of","start":295.97,"end":296.13},{"text":"the","start":296.13,"end":296.23},{"text":"protection","start":296.23,"end":296.82},{"text":"of","start":296.82,"end":296.94},{"text":"persons","start":296.95,"end":297.61},{"text":"and","start":298.08,"end":298.26},{"text":"we","start":298.26,"end":298.4},{"text":"stand","start":298.41,"end":298.79},{"text":"ready","start":298.81,"end":299.11},{"text":"to","start":299.12,"end":299.3},{"text":"engage","start":299.3,"end":299.7},{"text":"farther","start":299.7,"end":299.97},{"text":"further","start":299.97,"end":300.26},{"text":"on","start":300.38,"end":300.61},{"text":"this","start":300.61,"end":300.83},{"text":"important","start":300.83,"end":301.36},{"text":"subtopic","start":301.38,"end":302.06}]},{"text":"Moving to immunity of state officials from foreign criminal jurisdiction, Italy would like to congratulate the commission for the adoption of secondary reading of the draft articles together with their commentaries we commend the special rapporteur Mr. Claudio Grossman Guilf for his dedication throughout the whole process leading to such a comprehensive set of rules on this complex and important topic.","start":303.87,"end":330.91,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Moving","start":303.87,"end":304.33},{"text":"to","start":304.35,"end":304.66},{"text":"immunity","start":304.91,"end":305.47},{"text":"of","start":305.48,"end":305.48},{"text":"state","start":305.48,"end":305.48},{"text":"officials","start":305.48,"end":306.39},{"text":"from","start":306.39,"end":306.66},{"text":"foreign","start":306.67,"end":307.01},{"text":"criminal","start":307.01,"end":307.41},{"text":"jurisdiction","start":307.42,"end":308.2},{"text":"Italy","start":308.74,"end":309.06},{"text":"would","start":309.08,"end":309.32},{"text":"like","start":309.34,"end":309.58},{"text":"to","start":309.59,"end":309.75},{"text":"congratulate","start":309.75,"end":310.46},{"text":"the","start":310.49,"end":310.56},{"text":"commission","start":310.56,"end":311.26},{"text":"for","start":311.3,"end":311.58},{"text":"the","start":311.59,"end":311.76},{"text":"adoption","start":311.76,"end":312.3},{"text":"of","start":312.3,"end":312.38},{"text":"secondary","start":312.38,"end":312.97},{"text":"reading","start":312.97,"end":313.34},{"text":"of","start":313.71,"end":313.87},{"text":"the","start":313.9,"end":314.02},{"text":"draft","start":314.04,"end":314.51},{"text":"articles","start":314.51,"end":315.23},{"text":"together","start":315.62,"end":316.14},{"text":"with","start":316.14,"end":316.3},{"text":"their","start":316.34,"end":316.48},{"text":"commentaries","start":316.5,"end":317.34},{"text":"we","start":318.01,"end":318.18},{"text":"commend","start":318.19,"end":318.62},{"text":"the","start":318.62,"end":318.71},{"text":"special","start":318.72,"end":319.12},{"text":"rapporteur","start":319.14,"end":319.86},{"text":"Mr","start":320.11,"end":320.94},{"text":"Claudio","start":320.95,"end":321.47},{"text":"Grossman","start":321.47,"end":321.97},{"text":"Guilf","start":321.97,"end":322.44},{"text":"for","start":322.9,"end":323.08},{"text":"his","start":323.08,"end":323.19},{"text":"dedication","start":323.22,"end":323.89},{"text":"throughout","start":323.89,"end":324.26},{"text":"the","start":324.3,"end":324.4},{"text":"whole","start":324.41,"end":324.54},{"text":"process","start":324.54,"end":325.14},{"text":"leading","start":325.59,"end":325.96},{"text":"to","start":326.11,"end":326.29},{"text":"such","start":326.29,"end":326.62},{"text":"a","start":326.62,"end":326.67},{"text":"comprehensive","start":326.67,"end":327.46},{"text":"set","start":327.46,"end":327.78},{"text":"of","start":327.78,"end":327.9},{"text":"rules","start":327.96,"end":328.28},{"text":"on","start":328.71,"end":328.88},{"text":"this","start":328.89,"end":329.07},{"text":"complex","start":329.1,"end":329.65},{"text":"and","start":329.65,"end":329.79},{"text":"important","start":329.79,"end":330.36},{"text":"topic","start":330.37,"end":330.91}]},{"text":"Madam chair rules of the immunity of state officials have for long been part of a custom international law as a result of sovereign state sovereignty.","start":332.14,"end":343.16,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":332.14,"end":332.51},{"text":"chair","start":332.52,"end":332.88},{"text":"rules","start":333.55,"end":334.01},{"text":"of","start":334.01,"end":334.15},{"text":"the","start":334.2,"end":334.3},{"text":"immunity","start":334.3,"end":334.99},{"text":"of","start":335.07,"end":335.22},{"text":"state","start":335.22,"end":335.54},{"text":"officials","start":335.54,"end":336.18},{"text":"have","start":336.25,"end":336.43},{"text":"for","start":336.45,"end":336.66},{"text":"long","start":336.66,"end":337.02},{"text":"been","start":337.36,"end":337.56},{"text":"part","start":337.57,"end":338.01},{"text":"of","start":338.01,"end":338.16},{"text":"a","start":338.16,"end":338.29},{"text":"custom","start":338.7,"end":339.2},{"text":"international","start":339.2,"end":339.9},{"text":"law","start":339.91,"end":340.27},{"text":"as","start":340.79,"end":340.97},{"text":"a","start":340.98,"end":341.02},{"text":"result","start":341.02,"end":341.56},{"text":"of","start":341.56,"end":341.7},{"text":"sovereign","start":341.72,"end":342.22},{"text":"state","start":342.23,"end":342.54},{"text":"sovereignty","start":342.58,"end":343.16}]},{"text":"Over time, however, the need arose to strike the right balance between such immunity and the fight against impunity.","start":343.78,"end":350.99,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Over","start":343.78,"end":344.1},{"text":"time","start":344.1,"end":344.51},{"text":"however","start":344.58,"end":345.06},{"text":"the","start":345.58,"end":345.75},{"text":"need","start":345.75,"end":346.1},{"text":"arose","start":346.1,"end":346.55},{"text":"to","start":346.57,"end":346.73},{"text":"strike","start":346.74,"end":347.1},{"text":"the","start":347.18,"end":347.26},{"text":"right","start":347.29,"end":347.29},{"text":"balance","start":347.29,"end":348.08},{"text":"between","start":348.1,"end":348.69},{"text":"such","start":348.7,"end":349.05},{"text":"immunity","start":349.05,"end":349.66},{"text":"and","start":350.1,"end":350.26},{"text":"the","start":350.27,"end":350.36},{"text":"fight","start":350.36,"end":350.99},{"text":"against","start":350.99,"end":350.99},{"text":"impunity","start":350.99,"end":350.99}]},{"text":"against impunity for the most serious crimes while defining a coherent framework of procedural safeguards against this backdrop, we welcome the articles recognizing core rules of international law, namely immunity ratione personae, which in no case can be overridden.","start":351.14,"end":371.26,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"against","start":351.14,"end":351.65},{"text":"impunity","start":351.65,"end":352.2},{"text":"for","start":352.22,"end":352.4},{"text":"the","start":352.42,"end":352.54},{"text":"most","start":352.54,"end":352.76},{"text":"serious","start":352.79,"end":353.2},{"text":"crimes","start":353.22,"end":353.73},{"text":"while","start":354.2,"end":354.5},{"text":"defining","start":354.5,"end":355.14},{"text":"a","start":355.14,"end":355.2},{"text":"coherent","start":355.21,"end":355.76},{"text":"framework","start":355.78,"end":356.42},{"text":"of","start":356.8,"end":356.94},{"text":"procedural","start":356.97,"end":357.7},{"text":"safeguards","start":357.7,"end":358.47},{"text":"against","start":359.79,"end":360.21},{"text":"this","start":360.22,"end":360.4},{"text":"backdrop","start":360.4,"end":361.02},{"text":"we","start":361.23,"end":361.38},{"text":"welcome","start":361.38,"end":361.96},{"text":"the","start":361.99,"end":362.14},{"text":"articles","start":362.14,"end":362.73},{"text":"recognizing","start":362.73,"end":363.63},{"text":"core","start":364.1,"end":364.42},{"text":"rules","start":364.42,"end":364.85},{"text":"of","start":364.85,"end":364.94},{"text":"international","start":364.98,"end":365.71},{"text":"law","start":365.74,"end":366.05},{"text":"namely","start":366.06,"end":366.66},{"text":"immunity","start":366.7,"end":367.4},{"text":"ratione","start":367.41,"end":367.9},{"text":"personae","start":367.9,"end":368.51},{"text":"which","start":368.9,"end":369.16},{"text":"in","start":369.17,"end":369.27},{"text":"no","start":369.27,"end":369.47},{"text":"case","start":369.48,"end":369.87},{"text":"can","start":369.89,"end":370.13},{"text":"be","start":370.13,"end":370.38},{"text":"overridden","start":370.46,"end":371.26}]},{"text":"Conversely, we note the persistent uncertainty over key questions related s relating to immunity, razione materie, especially in relation to crimes under international law, an issue on which differing views remain among states, as well within the commission.","start":372.66,"end":390.14,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Conversely","start":372.66,"end":373.45},{"text":"we","start":373.7,"end":373.87},{"text":"note","start":373.87,"end":374.15},{"text":"the","start":374.22,"end":374.3},{"text":"persistent","start":374.3,"end":375},{"text":"uncertainty","start":375.01,"end":375.96},{"text":"over","start":376,"end":376.28},{"text":"key","start":376.28,"end":376.56},{"text":"questions","start":376.58,"end":377.35},{"text":"related","start":377.35,"end":377.35},{"text":"s","start":377.35,"end":377.36},{"text":"relating","start":377.74,"end":378.35},{"text":"to","start":378.37,"end":378.52},{"text":"immunity","start":378.53,"end":379.24},{"text":"razione","start":379.44,"end":379.99},{"text":"materie","start":379.99,"end":380.62},{"text":"especially","start":381.22,"end":381.75},{"text":"in","start":381.75,"end":381.82},{"text":"relation","start":381.82,"end":382.32},{"text":"to","start":382.34,"end":382.5},{"text":"crimes","start":382.5,"end":383.06},{"text":"under","start":383.06,"end":383.34},{"text":"international","start":383.34,"end":384.06},{"text":"law","start":384.06,"end":384.34},{"text":"an","start":384.8,"end":384.96},{"text":"issue","start":384.98,"end":385.23},{"text":"on","start":385.24,"end":385.34},{"text":"which","start":385.35,"end":385.68},{"text":"differing","start":385.86,"end":386.38},{"text":"views","start":386.38,"end":386.69},{"text":"remain","start":386.7,"end":387.15},{"text":"among","start":387.15,"end":387.44},{"text":"states","start":387.44,"end":387.98},{"text":"as","start":388.52,"end":388.72},{"text":"well","start":388.72,"end":388.94},{"text":"within","start":388.96,"end":389.41},{"text":"the","start":389.41,"end":389.52},{"text":"commission","start":389.52,"end":390.14}]},{"text":"Over the past few years Italy has consistently adopted an open and supportive approach toward former draft article seven, now article six, while calling for greater clarity on whether it reflected an existed customary role or rather a form of progressive development of international law.","start":391.42,"end":411.94,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Over","start":391.42,"end":391.66},{"text":"the","start":391.66,"end":391.79},{"text":"past","start":391.79,"end":392.14},{"text":"few","start":392.15,"end":392.42},{"text":"years","start":392.42,"end":392.8},{"text":"Italy","start":392.8,"end":393.23},{"text":"has","start":393.3,"end":393.51},{"text":"consistently","start":393.52,"end":394.44},{"text":"adopted","start":394.44,"end":395.09},{"text":"an","start":395.14,"end":395.28},{"text":"open","start":395.29,"end":395.72},{"text":"and","start":396.15,"end":396.31},{"text":"supportive","start":396.31,"end":396.98},{"text":"approach","start":396.98,"end":397.51},{"text":"toward","start":397.69,"end":398.18},{"text":"former","start":398.53,"end":399.06},{"text":"draft","start":399.08,"end":399.58},{"text":"article","start":399.58,"end":400.06},{"text":"seven","start":400.06,"end":400.58},{"text":"now","start":400.75,"end":401.05},{"text":"article","start":401.05,"end":401.39},{"text":"six","start":401.4,"end":401.82},{"text":"while","start":402.37,"end":402.58},{"text":"calling","start":402.59,"end":403.14},{"text":"for","start":403.18,"end":403.4},{"text":"greater","start":403.41,"end":403.86},{"text":"clarity","start":403.86,"end":404.5},{"text":"on","start":404.6,"end":404.74},{"text":"whether","start":404.74,"end":405.06},{"text":"it","start":405.09,"end":405.22},{"text":"reflected","start":405.26,"end":405.88},{"text":"an","start":405.88,"end":406.01},{"text":"existed","start":406.01,"end":406.54},{"text":"customary","start":406.54,"end":407.2},{"text":"role","start":407.22,"end":407.52},{"text":"or","start":407.54,"end":407.66},{"text":"rather","start":407.66,"end":408.14},{"text":"a","start":408.62,"end":408.72},{"text":"form","start":408.72,"end":409.07},{"text":"of","start":409.07,"end":409.18},{"text":"progressive","start":409.18,"end":409.7},{"text":"development","start":409.71,"end":410.46},{"text":"of","start":410.81,"end":410.98},{"text":"international","start":410.98,"end":411.68},{"text":"law","start":411.7,"end":411.94}]},{"text":"We take note of the commentary, including both options, proving that the question remains open.","start":412.77,"end":418.22,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":412.77,"end":412.9},{"text":"take","start":412.9,"end":413.16},{"text":"note","start":413.18,"end":413.51},{"text":"of","start":413.51,"end":413.61},{"text":"the","start":413.62,"end":413.72},{"text":"commentary","start":413.72,"end":414.42},{"text":"including","start":414.46,"end":414.97},{"text":"both","start":414.98,"end":415.3},{"text":"options","start":415.3,"end":415.79},{"text":"proving","start":415.9,"end":416.42},{"text":"that","start":416.43,"end":416.58},{"text":"the","start":416.58,"end":416.71},{"text":"question","start":416.71,"end":417.23},{"text":"remains","start":417.26,"end":417.83},{"text":"open","start":417.83,"end":418.22}]},{"text":"In this framework, we note that the question on immunity should be considered in close connection with a careful preliminary assessment of the criteria established in jurisdiction, which may vary from state to state.","start":419.62,"end":434.46,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":419.62,"end":419.77},{"text":"this","start":419.77,"end":419.97},{"text":"framework","start":419.97,"end":420.58},{"text":"we","start":421.27,"end":421.43},{"text":"note","start":421.43,"end":421.43},{"text":"that","start":422.38,"end":422.55},{"text":"the","start":422.55,"end":422.67},{"text":"question","start":422.67,"end":423.13},{"text":"on","start":423.26,"end":423.26},{"text":"immunity","start":423.34,"end":423.89},{"text":"should","start":423.9,"end":424.18},{"text":"be","start":424.18,"end":424.36},{"text":"considered","start":424.36,"end":425.11},{"text":"in","start":425.26,"end":425.44},{"text":"close","start":425.46,"end":425.77},{"text":"connection","start":425.77,"end":426.5},{"text":"with","start":426.54,"end":426.76},{"text":"a","start":426.78,"end":426.84},{"text":"careful","start":426.86,"end":427.47},{"text":"preliminary","start":427.86,"end":428.66},{"text":"assessment","start":428.66,"end":429.45},{"text":"of","start":429.45,"end":429.57},{"text":"the","start":429.58,"end":429.69},{"text":"criteria","start":429.7,"end":430.34},{"text":"established","start":430.34,"end":430.92},{"text":"in","start":430.93,"end":431.05},{"text":"jurisdiction","start":431.06,"end":431.91},{"text":"which","start":432.46,"end":432.77},{"text":"may","start":432.77,"end":433},{"text":"vary","start":433,"end":433.33},{"text":"from","start":433.33,"end":433.58},{"text":"state","start":433.59,"end":433.87},{"text":"to","start":433.87,"end":433.99},{"text":"state","start":433.99,"end":434.46}]},{"text":"From this point of view, italy recalls its a strawberry its established position that state may resort to universal jurisdiction in exceptional circumstances only when other prevailing jurisdiction are unable or unwilling to proceed.","start":435.03,"end":451.46,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"From","start":435.03,"end":435.33},{"text":"this","start":435.33,"end":435.5},{"text":"point","start":435.51,"end":435.82},{"text":"of","start":435.82,"end":435.94},{"text":"view","start":435.94,"end":436.2},{"text":"italy","start":436.2,"end":436.53},{"text":"recalls","start":436.55,"end":437.2},{"text":"its","start":437.59,"end":437.83},{"text":"a","start":437.83,"end":437.87},{"text":"strawberry","start":437.87,"end":438.56},{"text":"its","start":438.62,"end":439.06},{"text":"established","start":439.11,"end":439.79},{"text":"position","start":439.79,"end":440.5},{"text":"that","start":440.94,"end":441.14},{"text":"state","start":441.14,"end":441.64},{"text":"may","start":441.67,"end":441.88},{"text":"resort","start":441.9,"end":442.39},{"text":"to","start":442.42,"end":442.52},{"text":"universal","start":442.57,"end":442.57},{"text":"jurisdiction","start":443.03,"end":443.93},{"text":"in","start":444.01,"end":444.22},{"text":"exceptional","start":444.22,"end":444.91},{"text":"circumstances","start":444.91,"end":445.93},{"text":"only","start":445.94,"end":446.31},{"text":"when","start":446.85,"end":447.1},{"text":"other","start":447.1,"end":447.42},{"text":"prevailing","start":447.42,"end":447.92},{"text":"jurisdiction","start":447.92,"end":448.75},{"text":"are","start":449.05,"end":449.21},{"text":"unable","start":449.21,"end":449.66},{"text":"or","start":449.66,"end":449.76},{"text":"unwilling","start":449.76,"end":450.29},{"text":"to","start":450.67,"end":450.82},{"text":"proceed","start":450.83,"end":451.46}]},{"text":"At the same time, we reiterate our view that draft articles in part four procedural provision and safeguards do not represent a codification of customs international law in light of the significant divergence in state practice and opinion juris.","start":452.9,"end":468.42,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"At","start":452.9,"end":453.02},{"text":"the","start":453.03,"end":453.13},{"text":"same","start":453.14,"end":453.41},{"text":"time","start":453.41,"end":453.87},{"text":"we","start":454.46,"end":454.58},{"text":"reiterate","start":454.59,"end":455.19},{"text":"our","start":455.19,"end":455.33},{"text":"view","start":455.35,"end":455.58},{"text":"that","start":455.61,"end":455.74},{"text":"draft","start":455.77,"end":456.18},{"text":"articles","start":456.19,"end":456.75},{"text":"in","start":456.75,"end":456.89},{"text":"part","start":456.9,"end":457.15},{"text":"four","start":457.17,"end":457.48},{"text":"procedural","start":457.5,"end":458.11},{"text":"provision","start":458.11,"end":458.68},{"text":"and","start":458.68,"end":458.78},{"text":"safeguards","start":458.78,"end":459.45},{"text":"do","start":459.96,"end":460.24},{"text":"not","start":460.24,"end":460.51},{"text":"represent","start":460.53,"end":461.2},{"text":"a","start":461.2,"end":461.26},{"text":"codification","start":461.28,"end":462.13},{"text":"of","start":462.13,"end":462.22},{"text":"customs","start":462.22,"end":462.73},{"text":"international","start":462.74,"end":463.45},{"text":"law","start":463.45,"end":463.72},{"text":"in","start":464.15,"end":464.29},{"text":"light","start":464.33,"end":464.62},{"text":"of","start":464.63,"end":464.69},{"text":"the","start":464.73,"end":464.85},{"text":"significant","start":465.02,"end":465.58},{"text":"divergence","start":465.6,"end":466.3},{"text":"in","start":466.3,"end":466.42},{"text":"state","start":466.42,"end":466.69},{"text":"practice","start":466.73,"end":467.32},{"text":"and","start":467.33,"end":467.51},{"text":"opinion","start":467.51,"end":467.9},{"text":"juris","start":467.91,"end":468.42}]},{"text":"In conclusion, we take note of the recommendation to elaborate at the appropriate time a convention on the basis of the draft articles.","start":469.49,"end":477.99,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":469.49,"end":469.65},{"text":"conclusion","start":469.65,"end":470.23},{"text":"we","start":470.25,"end":470.39},{"text":"take","start":470.39,"end":470.68},{"text":"note","start":470.69,"end":471.06},{"text":"of","start":471.06,"end":471.18},{"text":"the","start":471.18,"end":471.27},{"text":"recommendation","start":471.29,"end":472.16},{"text":"to","start":472.17,"end":472.33},{"text":"elaborate","start":472.34,"end":473.12},{"text":"at","start":473.27,"end":473.38},{"text":"the","start":473.41,"end":473.56},{"text":"appropriate","start":473.57,"end":474.09},{"text":"time","start":474.1,"end":474.68},{"text":"a","start":475.06,"end":475.17},{"text":"convention","start":475.17,"end":475.84},{"text":"on","start":475.84,"end":475.95},{"text":"the","start":475.97,"end":476.07},{"text":"basis","start":476.07,"end":476.59},{"text":"of","start":476.59,"end":476.7},{"text":"the","start":476.71,"end":476.81},{"text":"draft","start":476.83,"end":477.26},{"text":"articles","start":477.26,"end":477.99}]},{"text":"Italy remains open to constructive discussions on the matter, while underlining that a clear, logic, and coherent framework for any exception to immunity should always be established.","start":478.66,"end":492.45,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Italy","start":478.66,"end":479.08},{"text":"remains","start":479.09,"end":479.66},{"text":"open","start":479.66,"end":480.07},{"text":"to","start":480.07,"end":480.36},{"text":"constructive","start":480.37,"end":481.09},{"text":"discussions","start":481.13,"end":481.92},{"text":"on","start":481.94,"end":482.05},{"text":"the","start":482.06,"end":482.17},{"text":"matter","start":482.17,"end":482.65},{"text":"while","start":483.09,"end":483.45},{"text":"underlining","start":483.94,"end":484.73},{"text":"that","start":484.73,"end":485},{"text":"a","start":485,"end":485.05},{"text":"clear","start":485.05,"end":485.46},{"text":"logic","start":485.73,"end":486.31},{"text":"and","start":486.51,"end":486.67},{"text":"coherent","start":486.67,"end":487.27},{"text":"framework","start":487.29,"end":487.93},{"text":"for","start":488.28,"end":488.56},{"text":"any","start":488.56,"end":488.84},{"text":"exception","start":488.84,"end":489.44},{"text":"to","start":489.45,"end":489.58},{"text":"immunity","start":489.58,"end":490.13},{"text":"should","start":490.46,"end":490.77},{"text":"always","start":490.79,"end":491.3},{"text":"be","start":491.41,"end":491.64},{"text":"established","start":491.69,"end":492.45}]},{"text":"Madam Chair will now close with the topic of general principles of law.","start":493.85,"end":497.56,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":493.85,"end":494.17},{"text":"Chair","start":494.18,"end":494.42},{"text":"will","start":494.49,"end":494.69},{"text":"now","start":494.73,"end":494.96},{"text":"close","start":495.05,"end":495.44},{"text":"with","start":495.45,"end":495.63},{"text":"the","start":495.63,"end":495.73},{"text":"topic","start":495.73,"end":496.16},{"text":"of","start":496.16,"end":496.26},{"text":"general","start":496.26,"end":496.58},{"text":"principles","start":496.59,"end":497.22},{"text":"of","start":497.22,"end":497.35},{"text":"law","start":497.35,"end":497.56}]},{"text":"First of all, I wish to thank the special rapporteur, Mr. Marcelo Vasquez Bermudez, and while referring to our previous statements in this committee, I will limit myself today to a few final remarks.","start":497.85,"end":510.53,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"First","start":497.85,"end":498.17},{"text":"of","start":498.17,"end":498.17},{"text":"all","start":498.17,"end":498.43},{"text":"I","start":498.45,"end":498.51},{"text":"wish","start":498.51,"end":498.7},{"text":"to","start":498.73,"end":498.85},{"text":"thank","start":498.85,"end":499.12},{"text":"the","start":499.16,"end":499.28},{"text":"special","start":499.29,"end":499.66},{"text":"rapporteur","start":499.67,"end":500.25},{"text":"Mr","start":500.29,"end":500.8},{"text":"Marcelo","start":501.14,"end":501.72},{"text":"Vasquez","start":501.72,"end":502.11},{"text":"Bermudez","start":502.13,"end":502.83},{"text":"and","start":503.18,"end":503.37},{"text":"while","start":503.37,"end":503.53},{"text":"referring","start":503.57,"end":504.1},{"text":"to","start":504.15,"end":504.35},{"text":"our","start":504.35,"end":504.65},{"text":"previous","start":504.65,"end":505.18},{"text":"statements","start":505.18,"end":505.87},{"text":"in","start":505.89,"end":506.04},{"text":"this","start":506.04,"end":506.23},{"text":"committee","start":506.23,"end":506.77},{"text":"I","start":507.25,"end":507.36},{"text":"will","start":507.36,"end":507.53},{"text":"limit","start":507.57,"end":507.96},{"text":"myself","start":507.97,"end":508.4},{"text":"today","start":508.42,"end":508.89},{"text":"to","start":508.89,"end":509.07},{"text":"a","start":509.07,"end":509.16},{"text":"few","start":509.17,"end":509.53},{"text":"final","start":509.54,"end":509.97},{"text":"remarks","start":509.97,"end":510.53}]},{"text":"Starting for with terminology, we concord that with the recognition of its importance, but but such attention should not be confined to the terms necessary to define the subject matter and the scope of the draft conclusion.","start":511.28,"end":525.77,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"Starting","start":511.28,"end":511.72},{"text":"for","start":511.73,"end":511.88},{"text":"with","start":512.33,"end":512.56},{"text":"terminology","start":512.57,"end":513.41},{"text":"we","start":513.41,"end":514.2},{"text":"concord","start":514.2,"end":514.65},{"text":"that","start":514.65,"end":514.86},{"text":"with","start":515.34,"end":515.56},{"text":"the","start":515.57,"end":515.67},{"text":"recognition","start":515.68,"end":516.29},{"text":"of","start":516.33,"end":516.37},{"text":"its","start":516.37,"end":516.54},{"text":"importance","start":516.57,"end":517.24},{"text":"but","start":517.49,"end":517.87},{"text":"but","start":518.53,"end":518.72},{"text":"such","start":518.73,"end":519.05},{"text":"attention","start":519.05,"end":519.59},{"text":"should","start":519.59,"end":519.77},{"text":"not","start":519.77,"end":520.02},{"text":"be","start":520.03,"end":520.17},{"text":"confined","start":520.18,"end":520.79},{"text":"to","start":520.81,"end":520.96},{"text":"the","start":520.97,"end":521.1},{"text":"terms","start":521.1,"end":521.68},{"text":"necessary","start":521.69,"end":522.31},{"text":"to","start":522.31,"end":522.44},{"text":"define","start":522.45,"end":522.88},{"text":"the","start":522.88,"end":522.98},{"text":"subject","start":522.99,"end":523.5},{"text":"matter","start":523.51,"end":523.94},{"text":"and","start":523.97,"end":524.09},{"text":"the","start":524.09,"end":524.2},{"text":"scope","start":524.21,"end":524.59},{"text":"of","start":524.59,"end":524.65},{"text":"the","start":524.65,"end":524.77},{"text":"draft","start":524.77,"end":525.09},{"text":"conclusion","start":525.09,"end":525.77}]},{"text":"Other terms such as recognition, identification, and determination of existence may deserve greater clarification to better understand their practical implication.","start":526.37,"end":537.7,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"Other","start":526.37,"end":526.71},{"text":"terms","start":526.71,"end":527.13},{"text":"such","start":527.13,"end":527.23},{"text":"as","start":527.23,"end":527.65},{"text":"recognition","start":528.05,"end":528.88},{"text":"identification","start":528.93,"end":529.89},{"text":"and","start":529.89,"end":529.98},{"text":"determination","start":529.98,"end":530.75},{"text":"of","start":530.75,"end":530.87},{"text":"existence","start":530.89,"end":531.59},{"text":"may","start":532.09,"end":532.33},{"text":"deserve","start":532.33,"end":532.7},{"text":"greater","start":532.8,"end":533.14},{"text":"clarification","start":533.15,"end":533.96},{"text":"to","start":534.06,"end":534.2},{"text":"better","start":534.21,"end":534.59},{"text":"understand","start":534.59,"end":535.31},{"text":"their","start":535.53,"end":535.73},{"text":"practical","start":535.75,"end":536.37},{"text":"implication","start":536.89,"end":537.7}]},{"text":"We also noted the commission's decision to address the question of persistent objection.","start":538.42,"end":543.11,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":538.42,"end":538.56},{"text":"also","start":538.56,"end":538.83},{"text":"noted","start":538.83,"end":539.17},{"text":"the","start":539.21,"end":539.34},{"text":"commission's","start":539.34,"end":539.34},{"text":"decision","start":540.01,"end":540.47},{"text":"to","start":540.49,"end":540.62},{"text":"address","start":540.62,"end":540.93},{"text":"the","start":540.95,"end":541.04},{"text":"question","start":541.04,"end":541.45},{"text":"of","start":541.45,"end":541.57},{"text":"persistent","start":541.61,"end":542.28},{"text":"objection","start":542.28,"end":543.11}]},{"text":"Italy remains ready to work with the commission should the top topic reemerge in future.","start":543.54,"end":548.37,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Italy","start":543.54,"end":543.92},{"text":"remains","start":543.92,"end":544.37},{"text":"ready","start":544.37,"end":544.72},{"text":"to","start":544.73,"end":544.89},{"text":"work","start":544.89,"end":545.2},{"text":"with","start":545.2,"end":545.3},{"text":"the","start":545.33,"end":545.43},{"text":"commission","start":545.43,"end":546.06},{"text":"should","start":546.35,"end":546.66},{"text":"the","start":546.66,"end":546.71},{"text":"top","start":546.73,"end":546.96},{"text":"topic","start":546.96,"end":547.09},{"text":"reemerge","start":547.13,"end":547.69},{"text":"in","start":547.73,"end":547.9},{"text":"future","start":547.9,"end":548.37}]},{"text":"Moving to the categories of general principles of law as far as those derived from national legal systems are concerned, we know that we would interest the addition in the commentary of more information on how to perform the compatibility test for their transposition to the international legal system.","start":549.49,"end":566.92,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"Moving","start":549.49,"end":549.94},{"text":"to","start":549.94,"end":550.07},{"text":"the","start":550.09,"end":550.21},{"text":"categories","start":550.22,"end":550.91},{"text":"of","start":550.91,"end":551.05},{"text":"general","start":551.05,"end":551.49},{"text":"principles","start":551.5,"end":552.22},{"text":"of","start":552.22,"end":552.37},{"text":"law","start":552.37,"end":552.61},{"text":"as","start":552.61,"end":552.81},{"text":"far","start":552.81,"end":553.08},{"text":"as","start":553.08,"end":553.25},{"text":"those","start":553.26,"end":553.26},{"text":"derived","start":553.26,"end":553.93},{"text":"from","start":553.93,"end":554.17},{"text":"national","start":554.18,"end":554.61},{"text":"legal","start":554.61,"end":554.88},{"text":"systems","start":554.89,"end":555.48},{"text":"are","start":555.5,"end":555.65},{"text":"concerned","start":555.65,"end":556.28},{"text":"we","start":556.85,"end":556.95},{"text":"know","start":556.95,"end":557.14},{"text":"that","start":557.17,"end":557.33},{"text":"we","start":557.4,"end":557.53},{"text":"would","start":557.54,"end":557.71},{"text":"interest","start":557.87,"end":558.46},{"text":"the","start":558.46,"end":558.64},{"text":"addition","start":558.64,"end":559.09},{"text":"in","start":559.11,"end":559.22},{"text":"the","start":559.23,"end":559.33},{"text":"commentary","start":559.33,"end":559.95},{"text":"of","start":559.95,"end":560.05},{"text":"more","start":560.05,"end":560.29},{"text":"information","start":560.29,"end":560.97},{"text":"on","start":560.97,"end":561.13},{"text":"how","start":561.13,"end":561.28},{"text":"to","start":561.28,"end":561.42},{"text":"perform","start":561.61,"end":561.98},{"text":"the","start":562.4,"end":562.51},{"text":"compatibility","start":562.53,"end":563.33},{"text":"test","start":563.33,"end":563.7},{"text":"for","start":563.73,"end":563.89},{"text":"their","start":563.9,"end":564.18},{"text":"transposition","start":564.21,"end":565.1},{"text":"to","start":565.1,"end":565.25},{"text":"the","start":565.25,"end":565.4},{"text":"international","start":565.42,"end":566.1},{"text":"legal","start":566.12,"end":566.35},{"text":"system","start":566.37,"end":566.92}]},{"text":"At the same time, we note the retention of paragraph seven on implicit recognition.","start":567.37,"end":572.26,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"At","start":567.37,"end":567.47},{"text":"the","start":567.49,"end":567.6},{"text":"same","start":567.61,"end":567.61},{"text":"time","start":567.61,"end":568.24},{"text":"we","start":568.25,"end":568.37},{"text":"note","start":568.37,"end":568.57},{"text":"the","start":568.57,"end":568.71},{"text":"retention","start":568.72,"end":569.28},{"text":"of","start":569.28,"end":569.37},{"text":"paragraph","start":569.4,"end":569.85},{"text":"seven","start":569.93,"end":570.37},{"text":"on","start":570.84,"end":571.01},{"text":"implicit","start":571.01,"end":571.52},{"text":"recognition","start":571.52,"end":572.26}]},{"text":"a concept on which we reiterate our doubts and concern as for general principle of law that may be formed within the international legal system we thank the Commission for providing in the commentary to conclusions.","start":572.68,"end":585.94,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"a","start":572.68,"end":572.78},{"text":"concept","start":572.78,"end":573.28},{"text":"on","start":573.28,"end":573.38},{"text":"which","start":573.4,"end":573.73},{"text":"we","start":573.77,"end":573.92},{"text":"reiterate","start":573.93,"end":574.53},{"text":"our","start":574.57,"end":574.88},{"text":"doubts","start":574.88,"end":575.39},{"text":"and","start":575.45,"end":575.59},{"text":"concern","start":575.59,"end":576.21},{"text":"as","start":577.09,"end":577.29},{"text":"for","start":577.29,"end":577.43},{"text":"general","start":577.45,"end":577.82},{"text":"principle","start":577.82,"end":578.33},{"text":"of","start":578.37,"end":578.49},{"text":"law","start":578.5,"end":578.7},{"text":"that","start":578.73,"end":578.9},{"text":"may","start":578.91,"end":579.07},{"text":"be","start":579.09,"end":579.23},{"text":"formed","start":579.24,"end":579.57},{"text":"within","start":579.58,"end":579.93},{"text":"the","start":579.94,"end":580.04},{"text":"international","start":580.2,"end":580.66},{"text":"legal","start":580.67,"end":580.93},{"text":"system","start":580.93,"end":581.44},{"text":"we","start":581.9,"end":582.06},{"text":"thank","start":582.06,"end":582.31},{"text":"the","start":582.34,"end":582.43},{"text":"Commission","start":582.43,"end":583},{"text":"for","start":583.01,"end":583.25},{"text":"providing","start":583.25,"end":583.97},{"text":"in","start":584.11,"end":584.25},{"text":"the","start":584.25,"end":584.33},{"text":"commentary","start":584.33,"end":585},{"text":"to","start":585,"end":585.16},{"text":"conclusions","start":585.16,"end":585.94}]},{"text":"seven additional example of general principle falling under this under this category, whose definition and core feature would have deserved further elaboration to avoid uncertainties and divergences in the identification of such principles.","start":585.94,"end":604.47,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"seven","start":585.94,"end":586.29},{"text":"additional","start":586.67,"end":587.21},{"text":"example","start":587.24,"end":587.81},{"text":"of","start":588.29,"end":588.45},{"text":"general","start":588.49,"end":588.96},{"text":"principle","start":589.01,"end":589.58},{"text":"falling","start":589.59,"end":590.13},{"text":"under","start":590.17,"end":590.41},{"text":"this","start":590.41,"end":590.59},{"text":"under","start":591.05,"end":591.33},{"text":"this","start":591.33,"end":591.54},{"text":"category","start":591.54,"end":592.09},{"text":"whose","start":592.53,"end":592.71},{"text":"definition","start":592.71,"end":593.48},{"text":"and","start":593.65,"end":593.84},{"text":"core","start":593.84,"end":594.13},{"text":"feature","start":594.13,"end":594.65},{"text":"would","start":595.05,"end":595.32},{"text":"have","start":595.34,"end":595.49},{"text":"deserved","start":595.53,"end":596.15},{"text":"further","start":596.53,"end":596.98},{"text":"elaboration","start":596.99,"end":597.81},{"text":"to","start":598.19,"end":598.42},{"text":"avoid","start":598.42,"end":598.93},{"text":"uncertainties","start":599.09,"end":600},{"text":"and","start":600,"end":600.14},{"text":"divergences","start":600.14,"end":601.05},{"text":"in","start":601.51,"end":601.69},{"text":"the","start":601.69,"end":601.86},{"text":"identification","start":601.89,"end":602.85},{"text":"of","start":603.05,"end":603.18},{"text":"such","start":603.18,"end":603.63},{"text":"principles","start":603.65,"end":604.47}]},{"text":"To conclude, Madam chair, we take note of the inclusion of the new topic, the right regulation to regulate in international investment law, as well as of the updated syllabus of the topic universal jurisdiction.","start":605.49,"end":619.69,"topics":[{"key":"investment-regulatory-right","label":"The Right to Regulate in International Investment Law","description":"Speakers addressed the proposed study of states' right to regulate in international investment law. Discussion included the scope and timing of the work, developing-country interests, and coordination with ongoing investment-law reform discussions in UNCITRAL."},{"key":"extraterritorial-jurisdiction","label":"Extraterritorial Jurisdiction","description":"Delegations considered further work on the grounds and limits of jurisdiction exercised beyond national territory. Several supported combining a general legal framework with sector-specific analysis to strengthen legal certainty, consistency, and cooperation between states."}],"words":[{"text":"To","start":605.49,"end":605.65},{"text":"conclude","start":605.65,"end":606.14},{"text":"Madam","start":606.17,"end":606.52},{"text":"chair","start":606.52,"end":606.88},{"text":"we","start":607.57,"end":607.73},{"text":"take","start":607.73,"end":608.16},{"text":"note","start":608.21,"end":608.56},{"text":"of","start":608.66,"end":608.77},{"text":"the","start":608.81,"end":608.92},{"text":"inclusion","start":608.92,"end":609.66},{"text":"of","start":609.81,"end":610.03},{"text":"the","start":610.03,"end":610.2},{"text":"new","start":610.2,"end":610.45},{"text":"topic","start":610.45,"end":610.97},{"text":"the","start":611.01,"end":611.16},{"text":"right","start":611.2,"end":611.53},{"text":"regulation","start":611.56,"end":611.56},{"text":"to","start":611.56,"end":611.61},{"text":"regulate","start":611.61,"end":612.25},{"text":"in","start":612.26,"end":612.45},{"text":"international","start":612.45,"end":613.17},{"text":"investment","start":613.17,"end":613.77},{"text":"law","start":613.77,"end":614.05},{"text":"as","start":614.59,"end":614.78},{"text":"well","start":614.78,"end":615.06},{"text":"as","start":615.06,"end":615.34},{"text":"of","start":615.71,"end":615.87},{"text":"the","start":615.89,"end":616.09},{"text":"updated","start":616.09,"end":616.83},{"text":"syllabus","start":616.83,"end":617.56},{"text":"of","start":617.56,"end":617.65},{"text":"the","start":617.65,"end":617.77},{"text":"topic","start":617.79,"end":618.28},{"text":"universal","start":618.29,"end":618.86},{"text":"jurisdiction","start":618.87,"end":619.69}]},{"text":"Italy stands ready to constructively engage in the discussions of on this topic should the commission decide to proceed with them.","start":620.18,"end":629.17,"topics":[{"key":"investment-regulatory-right","label":"The Right to Regulate in International Investment Law","description":"Speakers addressed the proposed study of states' right to regulate in international investment law. Discussion included the scope and timing of the work, developing-country interests, and coordination with ongoing investment-law reform discussions in UNCITRAL."}],"words":[{"text":"Italy","start":620.18,"end":620.59},{"text":"stands","start":620.6,"end":621.03},{"text":"ready","start":621.06,"end":621.35},{"text":"to","start":621.35,"end":621.53},{"text":"constructively","start":621.55,"end":622.5},{"text":"engage","start":622.5,"end":623.04},{"text":"in","start":623.09,"end":623.21},{"text":"the","start":623.45,"end":623.61},{"text":"discussions","start":623.62,"end":624.53},{"text":"of","start":624.53,"end":624.53},{"text":"on","start":624.93,"end":625.1},{"text":"this","start":625.1,"end":625.32},{"text":"topic","start":625.33,"end":625.83},{"text":"should","start":626.29,"end":626.57},{"text":"the","start":626.57,"end":626.67},{"text":"commission","start":626.68,"end":627.23},{"text":"decide","start":627.24,"end":627.74},{"text":"to","start":627.81,"end":628.01},{"text":"proceed","start":628.01,"end":628.57},{"text":"with","start":628.59,"end":628.84},{"text":"them","start":628.85,"end":629.17}]},{"text":"This concludes Madam chair Italy Italy statement on cluster one thank you.","start":629.92,"end":634,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":629.92,"end":630.11},{"text":"concludes","start":630.13,"end":630.49},{"text":"Madam","start":630.5,"end":630.86},{"text":"chair","start":630.86,"end":631.13},{"text":"Italy","start":631.14,"end":631.77},{"text":"Italy","start":631.77,"end":632.12},{"text":"statement","start":632.14,"end":632.69},{"text":"on","start":632.73,"end":632.86},{"text":"cluster","start":632.87,"end":633.27},{"text":"one","start":633.29,"end":633.57},{"text":"thank","start":633.57,"end":633.83},{"text":"you","start":633.84,"end":634}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"ITA","group":null,"function":null,"affiliation_full":"Italy"}},{"statement_number":4,"start":635.62,"pageUrl":"/zh/ga/c6/81/30?lang=floor&t=10:36","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank the distinguished representative of Italy for his statement and I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Cote 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pays salue le retour à une durée de travail proche du format habituel lors de la 77ᵉ session après le raccourcissement sans précédent de la session précédente et ses conséquences sur le programme du 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encourageons le maintien de conditions de travail stables et prévisibles, essentielles au mandat de codification et de développement progressif du droit 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la présidente, sur la question de l'élévation du niveau de la mer au regard du droit international, ma délégation prend note de l'adoption du rapport final du groupe d'étude qui conclut l'examen de ce sujet.","start":705.49,"end":720.6,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. 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Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"Les","start":751.97,"end":752.16},{"text":"principes","start":752.16,"end":752.8},{"text":"transversaux","start":752.84,"end":753.91},{"text":"dégagés","start":753.91,"end":754.55},{"text":"notamment","start":754.55,"end":754.76},{"text":"la","start":755.44,"end":755.67},{"text":"stabilité","start":755.67,"end":756.48},{"text":"et","start":756.48,"end":756.56},{"text":"la","start":756.56,"end":756.76},{"text":"prévisibilité","start":756.76,"end":757.81},{"text":"juridique","start":757.84,"end":758.55},{"text":"la","start":758.92,"end":759.12},{"text":"préservation","start":759.12,"end":760.18},{"text":"la","start":760.18,"end":760.18},{"text":"préservation","start":760.68,"end":761.65},{"text":"des","start":761.65,"end":761.8},{"text":"droits","start":761.8,"end":762.16},{"text":"existants","start":762.16,"end":762.92},{"text":"l'équité","start":763.39,"end":764.14},{"text":"la","start":764.14,"end":764.3},{"text":"solidarité","start":764.31,"end":765.09},{"text":"et","start":765.1,"end":765.14},{"text":"la","start":765.14,"end":765.28},{"text":"coopération","start":765.28,"end":766.15},{"text":"sont","start":766.44,"end":766.76},{"text":"essentielles","start":766.76,"end":767.45},{"text":"pour","start":767.45,"end":767.64},{"text":"répondre","start":767.64,"end":768.31},{"text":"aux","start":768.31,"end":768.44},{"text":"besoins","start":768.44,"end":768.89},{"text":"des","start":768.89,"end":769.11},{"text":"Etats","start":769.11,"end":769.41},{"text":"les","start":769.41,"end":769.55},{"text":"plus","start":769.55,"end":769.77},{"text":"touchés","start":769.96,"end":770.29},{"text":"notamment","start":770.74,"end":771.28},{"text":"les","start":771.28,"end":771.41},{"text":"petits","start":771.41,"end":771.8},{"text":"Etats","start":771.8,"end":772.08},{"text":"insulaires","start":772.08,"end":772.82},{"text":"en","start":773.16,"end":773.37},{"text":"développement","start":773.4,"end":774.25},{"text":"et","start":774.25,"end":774.36},{"text":"les","start":774.36,"end":774.45},{"text":"Etats","start":774.45,"end":774.88},{"text":"côtiers","start":774.88,"end":775.34},{"text":"de","start":775.35,"end":775.49},{"text":"faible","start":775.49,"end":775.91},{"text":"altitude","start":775.92,"end":776.72}]},{"text":"Nous encourageons les Etats et l'assemblée générale a pour poursuivre l'examen de ses résultats, y compris les options pour l'avenir.","start":777.41,"end":786.56,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"Nous","start":777.41,"end":777.67},{"text":"encourageons","start":777.67,"end":778.28},{"text":"les","start":778.28,"end":778.51},{"text":"Etats","start":778.51,"end":778.93},{"text":"et","start":779.2,"end":779.33},{"text":"l'assemblée","start":779.33,"end":779.88},{"text":"générale","start":779.9,"end":780.52},{"text":"a","start":780.52,"end":780.67},{"text":"pour","start":780.67,"end":780.95},{"text":"poursuivre","start":780.95,"end":781.42},{"text":"l'examen","start":781.69,"end":782.26},{"text":"de","start":782.26,"end":782.37},{"text":"ses","start":782.38,"end":782.57},{"text":"résultats","start":782.57,"end":783.24},{"text":"y","start":783.55,"end":783.71},{"text":"compris","start":783.71,"end":784.32},{"text":"les","start":784.52,"end":784.79},{"text":"options","start":784.8,"end":785.36},{"text":"pour","start":785.36,"end":785.79},{"text":"l'avenir","start":785.8,"end":786.56}]},{"text":"Madame la présidente, concernant l'immunité de juridiction pénale étrangère des représentants de l'État, ma délégation félicite le rapporteur général, monsieur Claudio Grossman qui pour l'achèvement des travaux sur ce sujet avec l'adoption en seconde lecture.","start":787.72,"end":806.92,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Madame","start":787.72,"end":788.04},{"text":"la","start":788.07,"end":788.16},{"text":"présidente","start":788.16,"end":788.94},{"text":"concernant","start":789.32,"end":790.08},{"text":"l'immunité","start":790.08,"end":790.9},{"text":"de","start":790.9,"end":791.04},{"text":"juridiction","start":791.06,"end":791.8},{"text":"pénale","start":791.8,"end":792.31},{"text":"étrangère","start":792.31,"end":793.17},{"text":"des","start":793.4,"end":793.61},{"text":"représentants","start":793.61,"end":794.25},{"text":"de","start":794.25,"end":794.39},{"text":"l'État","start":794.4,"end":794.86},{"text":"ma","start":795.44,"end":795.64},{"text":"délégation","start":795.64,"end":796.27},{"text":"félicite","start":796.28,"end":796.84},{"text":"le","start":796.84,"end":796.99},{"text":"rapporteur","start":796.99,"end":797.54},{"text":"général","start":797.63,"end":798.04},{"text":"monsieur","start":798.04,"end":798.4},{"text":"Claudio","start":798.41,"end":799.16},{"text":"Grossman","start":799.36,"end":800.15},{"text":"qui","start":800.19,"end":800.36},{"text":"pour","start":802.12,"end":802.52},{"text":"l'achèvement","start":802.52,"end":803.22},{"text":"des","start":803.22,"end":803.37},{"text":"travaux","start":803.37,"end":803.93},{"text":"sur","start":803.93,"end":804.34},{"text":"ce","start":804.34,"end":804.52},{"text":"sujet","start":804.52,"end":805.05},{"text":"avec","start":805.05,"end":805.44},{"text":"l'adoption","start":805.44,"end":806.11},{"text":"en","start":806.12,"end":806.26},{"text":"seconde","start":806.26,"end":806.69},{"text":"lecture","start":806.69,"end":806.92}]},{"text":"des 17 projets d'articles et des commentaires y relatifs.","start":807.57,"end":811.61,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"des","start":807.57,"end":807.75},{"text":"17","start":807.75,"end":808.16},{"text":"projets","start":808.16,"end":808.56},{"text":"d'articles","start":808.57,"end":809.39},{"text":"et","start":809.68,"end":809.84},{"text":"des","start":809.85,"end":809.98},{"text":"commentaires","start":810,"end":810.67},{"text":"y","start":810.68,"end":810.84},{"text":"relatifs","start":810.85,"end":811.61}]},{"text":"La Côte d'Ivoire accorde une importance particulière à l'équilibre entre le principe de l'immunité qui découle de l'égalité souveraine des Etats et l'impératif de lutte contre l'impunité pour les crimes internationaux les plus graves avec les garanties procédurales nécessaires.","start":812.54,"end":830.99,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"La","start":812.54,"end":812.72},{"text":"Côte","start":812.72,"end":812.95},{"text":"d'Ivoire","start":812.95,"end":813.64},{"text":"accorde","start":813.68,"end":814.16},{"text":"une","start":814.17,"end":814.32},{"text":"importance","start":814.32,"end":814.96},{"text":"particulière","start":814.96,"end":816.05},{"text":"à","start":816.56,"end":816.68},{"text":"l'équilibre","start":816.68,"end":817.49},{"text":"entre","start":817.5,"end":817.88},{"text":"le","start":817.88,"end":818},{"text":"principe","start":818,"end":818.52},{"text":"de","start":818.52,"end":818.68},{"text":"l'immunité","start":818.68,"end":819.6},{"text":"qui","start":819.93,"end":820.11},{"text":"découle","start":820.11,"end":820.53},{"text":"de","start":820.55,"end":820.65},{"text":"l'égalité","start":820.66,"end":821.27},{"text":"souveraine","start":821.27,"end":821.83},{"text":"des","start":821.83,"end":822.05},{"text":"Etats","start":822.06,"end":822.5},{"text":"et","start":822.79,"end":822.91},{"text":"l'impératif","start":822.91,"end":823.76},{"text":"de","start":823.76,"end":823.89},{"text":"lutte","start":823.89,"end":824.22},{"text":"contre","start":824.22,"end":824.51},{"text":"l'impunité","start":824.51,"end":825.39},{"text":"pour","start":825.63,"end":825.84},{"text":"les","start":825.84,"end":825.99},{"text":"crimes","start":825.99,"end":826.41},{"text":"internationaux","start":826.42,"end":827.27},{"text":"les","start":827.27,"end":827.39},{"text":"plus","start":827.39,"end":827.63},{"text":"graves","start":827.63,"end":828.17},{"text":"avec","start":828.57,"end":828.89},{"text":"les","start":828.9,"end":829},{"text":"garanties","start":829,"end":829.49},{"text":"procédurales","start":829.49,"end":830.23},{"text":"nécessaires","start":830.24,"end":830.99}]},{"text":"Ma délégation prend note de la recommandation relative à l'élaboration, en temps opportun, d'une convention sur la base de ces projets d'article.","start":832.59,"end":842.38,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Ma","start":832.59,"end":832.75},{"text":"délégation","start":832.75,"end":833.46},{"text":"prend","start":833.46,"end":833.77},{"text":"note","start":833.77,"end":834.33},{"text":"de","start":834.66,"end":834.83},{"text":"la","start":834.83,"end":834.96},{"text":"recommandation","start":834.96,"end":835.83},{"text":"relative","start":835.83,"end":836.47},{"text":"à","start":836.47,"end":836.55},{"text":"l'élaboration","start":836.55,"end":837.49},{"text":"en","start":837.51,"end":837.71},{"text":"temps","start":837.72,"end":837.98},{"text":"opportun","start":837.98,"end":838.62},{"text":"d'une","start":839.37,"end":839.63},{"text":"convention","start":839.63,"end":840.21},{"text":"sur","start":840.22,"end":840.39},{"text":"la","start":840.39,"end":840.55},{"text":"base","start":840.55,"end":840.91},{"text":"de","start":840.91,"end":841.04},{"text":"ces","start":841.05,"end":841.2},{"text":"projets","start":841.2,"end":841.67},{"text":"d'article","start":841.67,"end":842.38}]},{"text":"Nous considérons que les États devraient disposer d'un temps suffisant pour l'examen de ces projets en vue du consensus le plus large possible à l'assemblée générale.","start":843.23,"end":853.65,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Nous","start":843.23,"end":843.43},{"text":"considérons","start":843.43,"end":844.11},{"text":"que","start":844.13,"end":844.47},{"text":"les","start":844.86,"end":845.14},{"text":"États","start":845.14,"end":845.4},{"text":"devraient","start":845.4,"end":845.76},{"text":"disposer","start":845.77,"end":846.48},{"text":"d'un","start":846.48,"end":846.73},{"text":"temps","start":846.73,"end":847.03},{"text":"suffisant","start":847.03,"end":847.69},{"text":"pour","start":847.69,"end":847.93},{"text":"l'examen","start":847.94,"end":848.48},{"text":"de","start":848.48,"end":848.61},{"text":"ces","start":848.61,"end":848.79},{"text":"projets","start":848.79,"end":849.36},{"text":"en","start":849.87,"end":850.04},{"text":"vue","start":850.04,"end":850.3},{"text":"du","start":850.3,"end":850.43},{"text":"consensus","start":850.43,"end":851.12},{"text":"le","start":851.12,"end":851.27},{"text":"plus","start":851.27,"end":851.47},{"text":"large","start":851.51,"end":851.88},{"text":"possible","start":851.88,"end":852.46},{"text":"à","start":852.46,"end":852.56},{"text":"l'assemblée","start":852.56,"end":853.06},{"text":"générale","start":853.07,"end":853.65}]},{"text":"Sur les principes généraux du droit, ma délégation note la l'adoption en seconde lecture de douze projets de conclusion et des commentaires irrélatifs.","start":854.87,"end":864.43,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"Sur","start":854.87,"end":855.13},{"text":"les","start":855.15,"end":855.27},{"text":"principes","start":855.27,"end":855.71},{"text":"généraux","start":855.71,"end":856.25},{"text":"du","start":856.25,"end":856.42},{"text":"droit","start":856.42,"end":856.86},{"text":"ma","start":857.65,"end":857.86},{"text":"délégation","start":857.86,"end":858.47},{"text":"note","start":858.47,"end":858.77},{"text":"la","start":858.79,"end":858.94},{"text":"l'adoption","start":858.94,"end":859.37},{"text":"en","start":859.37,"end":859.45},{"text":"seconde","start":859.45,"end":859.87},{"text":"lecture","start":859.87,"end":860.4},{"text":"de","start":860.41,"end":860.57},{"text":"douze","start":860.58,"end":860.94},{"text":"projets","start":860.94,"end":861.31},{"text":"de","start":861.31,"end":861.43},{"text":"conclusion","start":861.43,"end":862.3},{"text":"et","start":862.51,"end":862.63},{"text":"des","start":862.63,"end":862.77},{"text":"commentaires","start":862.77,"end":863.43},{"text":"irrélatifs","start":863.43,"end":864.43}]},{"text":"Ces travaux contribuent à clarifier l'identification et l'application des principes généraux du droit, source visée à l'article 38 paragraphe un, alinéa C du statut de la Cour internationale de justice.","start":864.99,"end":880.11,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"Ces","start":864.99,"end":865.23},{"text":"travaux","start":865.27,"end":865.63},{"text":"contribuent","start":865.63,"end":866.35},{"text":"à","start":866.62,"end":866.79},{"text":"clarifier","start":866.8,"end":867.5},{"text":"l'identification","start":867.5,"end":868.58},{"text":"et","start":868.58,"end":868.66},{"text":"l'application","start":868.66,"end":869.47},{"text":"des","start":869.48,"end":869.62},{"text":"principes","start":869.62,"end":870.03},{"text":"généraux","start":870.07,"end":870.51},{"text":"du","start":870.52,"end":870.7},{"text":"droit","start":870.7,"end":871.07},{"text":"source","start":871.55,"end":871.94},{"text":"visée","start":871.98,"end":872.55},{"text":"à","start":873.07,"end":873.43},{"text":"l'article","start":873.44,"end":874.26},{"text":"38","start":874.26,"end":874.83},{"text":"paragraphe","start":874.83,"end":875.54},{"text":"un","start":875.55,"end":875.82},{"text":"alinéa","start":875.82,"end":876.36},{"text":"C","start":876.36,"end":876.65},{"text":"du","start":876.65,"end":876.81},{"text":"statut","start":876.83,"end":877.28},{"text":"de","start":877.28,"end":877.38},{"text":"la","start":877.38,"end":877.51},{"text":"Cour","start":877.51,"end":877.84},{"text":"internationale","start":877.87,"end":878.9},{"text":"de","start":879.22,"end":879.36},{"text":"justice","start":879.38,"end":880.11}]},{"text":"Nous soulignons toutefois que leur identification doit reposer sur une méthodologie rigoureuse et un seuil d'acceptation exigeant de la communauté internationale.","start":881.03,"end":891.41,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"Nous","start":881.03,"end":881.27},{"text":"soulignons","start":881.27,"end":881.98},{"text":"toutefois","start":881.98,"end":882.68},{"text":"que","start":882.94,"end":883.12},{"text":"leur","start":883.12,"end":883.4},{"text":"identification","start":883.43,"end":884.46},{"text":"doit","start":884.46,"end":884.68},{"text":"reposer","start":884.7,"end":885.27},{"text":"sur","start":885.27,"end":885.43},{"text":"une","start":885.43,"end":885.59},{"text":"méthodologie","start":885.59,"end":886.39},{"text":"rigoureuse","start":886.39,"end":887.15},{"text":"et","start":887.43,"end":887.56},{"text":"un","start":887.57,"end":887.7},{"text":"seuil","start":887.7,"end":888.02},{"text":"d'acceptation","start":888.02,"end":888.82},{"text":"exigeant","start":888.85,"end":889.5},{"text":"de","start":889.51,"end":889.64},{"text":"la","start":889.64,"end":889.76},{"text":"communauté","start":889.77,"end":890.39},{"text":"internationale","start":890.39,"end":891.41}]},{"text":"La Côte d'Ivoire appelle à la prudence, en particulier pour les principes susceptibles de se former au sein du système juridique international afin de préserver le rôle central du consentement des Etats.","start":892.31,"end":906.04,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"La","start":892.31,"end":892.49},{"text":"Côte","start":892.5,"end":892.67},{"text":"d'Ivoire","start":892.67,"end":893.12},{"text":"appelle","start":893.12,"end":893.57},{"text":"à","start":893.57,"end":893.65},{"text":"la","start":893.65,"end":893.78},{"text":"prudence","start":893.78,"end":894.57},{"text":"en","start":894.85,"end":895},{"text":"particulier","start":895,"end":895.77},{"text":"pour","start":895.77,"end":895.88},{"text":"les","start":895.89,"end":896.03},{"text":"principes","start":896.03,"end":896.51},{"text":"susceptibles","start":896.53,"end":897.54},{"text":"de","start":897.8,"end":897.94},{"text":"se","start":897.97,"end":898.14},{"text":"former","start":898.15,"end":898.69},{"text":"au","start":898.69,"end":898.82},{"text":"sein","start":898.83,"end":899.12},{"text":"du","start":899.12,"end":899.26},{"text":"système","start":899.26,"end":899.73},{"text":"juridique","start":899.73,"end":900.25},{"text":"international","start":900.26,"end":901.29},{"text":"afin","start":901.84,"end":902.26},{"text":"de","start":902.26,"end":902.42},{"text":"préserver","start":902.42,"end":903.27},{"text":"le","start":903.53,"end":903.71},{"text":"rôle","start":903.71,"end":903.95},{"text":"central","start":903.95,"end":904.63},{"text":"du","start":904.63,"end":904.75},{"text":"consentement","start":904.75,"end":905.46},{"text":"des","start":905.46,"end":905.67},{"text":"Etats","start":905.68,"end":906.04}]},{"text":"Nous soulignons également l'importance de refléter la diversité des systèmes et des traditions juridiques.","start":906.88,"end":913.34,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"Nous","start":906.88,"end":907.12},{"text":"soulignons","start":907.12,"end":907.67},{"text":"également","start":907.67,"end":908.19},{"text":"l'importance","start":908.19,"end":909.02},{"text":"de","start":909.02,"end":909.15},{"text":"refléter","start":909.15,"end":909.84},{"text":"la","start":910.1,"end":910.32},{"text":"diversité","start":910.33,"end":910.33},{"text":"des","start":911,"end":911.15},{"text":"systèmes","start":911.15,"end":911.69},{"text":"et","start":911.7,"end":911.75},{"text":"des","start":911.75,"end":911.91},{"text":"traditions","start":911.91,"end":912.58},{"text":"juridiques","start":912.6,"end":913.34}]},{"text":"Mon pays souscrit à la recommandation de la Commission portant sur une résolution de l'assemblée générale qui prenne note du projet de conclusion et à sa plus large diffusion.","start":913.83,"end":925.38,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"Mon","start":913.83,"end":914.01},{"text":"pays","start":914.01,"end":914.27},{"text":"souscrit","start":914.27,"end":914.82},{"text":"à","start":914.82,"end":914.9},{"text":"la","start":914.9,"end":915.03},{"text":"recommandation","start":915.03,"end":915.9},{"text":"de","start":915.9,"end":915.97},{"text":"la","start":915.97,"end":916.11},{"text":"Commission","start":916.11,"end":916.71},{"text":"portant","start":917.08,"end":917.62},{"text":"sur","start":917.62,"end":917.79},{"text":"une","start":917.8,"end":917.99},{"text":"résolution","start":917.99,"end":918.84},{"text":"de","start":918.84,"end":918.97},{"text":"l'assemblée","start":918.97,"end":919.44},{"text":"générale","start":919.49,"end":920.06},{"text":"qui","start":920.43,"end":920.61},{"text":"prenne","start":920.62,"end":920.88},{"text":"note","start":920.9,"end":921.34},{"text":"du","start":921.34,"end":921.51},{"text":"projet","start":921.51,"end":921.91},{"text":"de","start":921.91,"end":922.02},{"text":"conclusion","start":922.03,"end":922.76},{"text":"et","start":923.19,"end":923.55},{"text":"à","start":923.71,"end":923.87},{"text":"sa","start":923.87,"end":924.03},{"text":"plus","start":924.03,"end":924.27},{"text":"large","start":924.3,"end":924.68},{"text":"diffusion","start":924.68,"end":925.38}]},{"text":"Madame la présidente, sur la question des autres décisions figurant au chapitre treize du rapport AS barre 81 barre dix, la Côte d'Ivoire, accueille favorablement l'inscription du thème détermination et conséquences juridiques des obligations et en droit international.","start":926.79,"end":946.55,"topics":[{"key":"erga-omnes-obligations","label":"Erga Omnes Obligations","description":"Speakers discussed the identification and legal consequences of obligations owed to the international community as a whole. Issues included their distinction from peremptory norms, the invocation of state responsibility, and concerns about their use in politically motivated proceedings."}],"words":[{"text":"Madame","start":926.79,"end":927.15},{"text":"la","start":927.15,"end":927.27},{"text":"présidente","start":927.27,"end":928.07},{"text":"sur","start":928.33,"end":928.62},{"text":"la","start":928.62,"end":928.75},{"text":"question","start":928.75,"end":929.19},{"text":"des","start":929.2,"end":929.43},{"text":"autres","start":929.45,"end":929.64},{"text":"décisions","start":929.65,"end":930.22},{"text":"figurant","start":930.23,"end":930.82},{"text":"au","start":930.82,"end":930.87},{"text":"chapitre","start":930.91,"end":931.45},{"text":"treize","start":931.45,"end":932.07},{"text":"du","start":932.42,"end":932.63},{"text":"rapport","start":932.67,"end":933.21},{"text":"AS","start":933.27,"end":933.63},{"text":"barre","start":933.95,"end":934.31},{"text":"81","start":934.35,"end":935.14},{"text":"barre","start":935.14,"end":935.4},{"text":"dix","start":935.43,"end":935.81},{"text":"la","start":935.81,"end":935.99},{"text":"Côte","start":935.99,"end":936.16},{"text":"d'Ivoire","start":936.16,"end":936.67},{"text":"accueille","start":936.99,"end":937.39},{"text":"favorablement","start":937.41,"end":938.31},{"text":"l'inscription","start":938.31,"end":939.11},{"text":"du","start":939.37,"end":939.61},{"text":"thème","start":939.62,"end":940.14},{"text":"détermination","start":940.15,"end":941.15},{"text":"et","start":941.15,"end":941.23},{"text":"conséquences","start":941.25,"end":941.88},{"text":"juridiques","start":941.92,"end":942.59},{"text":"des","start":942.92,"end":943.19},{"text":"obligations","start":943.2,"end":943.95},{"text":"et","start":943.95,"end":944.14},{"text":"en","start":944.95,"end":945.13},{"text":"droit","start":945.15,"end":945.48},{"text":"international","start":945.54,"end":946.55}]},{"text":"Au au programme de travail ainsi que la désignation de monsieur Massaiko Assada comme rapporteur spécial.","start":947.07,"end":955.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Au","start":947.07,"end":947.07},{"text":"au","start":947.07,"end":947.62},{"text":"programme","start":947.62,"end":948.19},{"text":"de","start":948.19,"end":948.34},{"text":"travail","start":948.34,"end":948.94},{"text":"ainsi","start":949.25,"end":949.63},{"text":"que","start":949.63,"end":949.77},{"text":"la","start":949.77,"end":949.91},{"text":"désignation","start":949.91,"end":950.73},{"text":"de","start":951.07,"end":951.24},{"text":"monsieur","start":951.24,"end":951.65},{"text":"Massaiko","start":951.65,"end":952.62},{"text":"Assada","start":952.67,"end":953.26},{"text":"comme","start":953.27,"end":953.75},{"text":"rapporteur","start":953.8,"end":954.48},{"text":"spécial","start":954.48,"end":955.27}]},{"text":"Nous encourageons la commission à mener ses travaux de manière inclusive et équilibrée en tenant compte de la diversité des traditions juridiques et des perspectives de toutes les régions.","start":955.91,"end":968.54,"topics":[{"key":"erga-omnes-obligations","label":"Erga Omnes Obligations","description":"Speakers discussed the identification and legal consequences of obligations owed to the international community as a whole. Issues included their distinction from peremptory norms, the invocation of state responsibility, and concerns about their use in politically motivated proceedings."}],"words":[{"text":"Nous","start":955.91,"end":956.18},{"text":"encourageons","start":956.18,"end":957.03},{"text":"la","start":957.38,"end":957.57},{"text":"commission","start":957.6,"end":958.55},{"text":"à","start":958.56,"end":958.71},{"text":"mener","start":958.71,"end":959.07},{"text":"ses","start":959.07,"end":959.26},{"text":"travaux","start":959.26,"end":959.87},{"text":"de","start":960.17,"end":960.34},{"text":"manière","start":960.35,"end":960.78},{"text":"inclusive","start":960.79,"end":961.58},{"text":"et","start":961.58,"end":961.65},{"text":"équilibrée","start":961.65,"end":962.46},{"text":"en","start":962.77,"end":962.94},{"text":"tenant","start":962.94,"end":963.27},{"text":"compte","start":963.27,"end":963.61},{"text":"de","start":963.61,"end":963.74},{"text":"la","start":963.74,"end":963.88},{"text":"diversité","start":963.88,"end":964.59},{"text":"des","start":964.59,"end":964.73},{"text":"traditions","start":964.8,"end":965.37},{"text":"juridiques","start":965.39,"end":965.99},{"text":"et","start":966.19,"end":966.35},{"text":"des","start":966.35,"end":966.51},{"text":"perspectives","start":966.51,"end":967.4},{"text":"de","start":967.4,"end":967.55},{"text":"toutes","start":967.55,"end":967.89},{"text":"les","start":967.89,"end":968.03},{"text":"régions","start":968.03,"end":968.54}]},{"text":"Nous prenons également note de la demande adressée par la Commission au secrétariat de réaliser une étude sur la capacité financière de l'État responsable dans le cadre du sujet, indemnisation des dommages causés par un fait internationalement illicite.","start":969.87,"end":986.91,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Nous","start":969.87,"end":970.06},{"text":"prenons","start":970.06,"end":970.45},{"text":"également","start":970.47,"end":971.02},{"text":"note","start":971.02,"end":971.66},{"text":"de","start":971.87,"end":972.05},{"text":"la","start":972.05,"end":972.19},{"text":"demande","start":972.19,"end":972.62},{"text":"adressée","start":972.63,"end":973.18},{"text":"par","start":973.18,"end":973.42},{"text":"la","start":973.42,"end":973.58},{"text":"Commission","start":973.58,"end":974.15},{"text":"au","start":974.15,"end":974.23},{"text":"secrétariat","start":974.24,"end":974.92},{"text":"de","start":974.92,"end":975.07},{"text":"réaliser","start":975.07,"end":975.73},{"text":"une","start":976.08,"end":976.29},{"text":"étude","start":976.29,"end":976.63},{"text":"sur","start":976.63,"end":976.77},{"text":"la","start":976.78,"end":976.92},{"text":"capacité","start":976.92,"end":977.51},{"text":"financière","start":977.51,"end":978.11},{"text":"de","start":978.11,"end":978.24},{"text":"l'État","start":978.25,"end":978.59},{"text":"responsable","start":978.59,"end":979.55},{"text":"dans","start":979.77,"end":979.98},{"text":"le","start":979.99,"end":980.11},{"text":"cadre","start":980.11,"end":980.49},{"text":"du","start":980.49,"end":980.68},{"text":"sujet","start":980.69,"end":981.19},{"text":"indemnisation","start":981.59,"end":982.61},{"text":"des","start":982.63,"end":982.75},{"text":"dommages","start":982.75,"end":983.23},{"text":"causés","start":983.24,"end":983.66},{"text":"par","start":983.66,"end":983.94},{"text":"un","start":983.95,"end":984.14},{"text":"fait","start":984.14,"end":984.5},{"text":"internationalement","start":984.85,"end":986.11},{"text":"illicite","start":986.11,"end":986.91}]},{"text":"Nous saluons par ailleurs l'inscription du thème, le droit de réglementer en droit international de l'investissement.","start":987.79,"end":995.07,"topics":[{"key":"investment-regulatory-right","label":"The Right to Regulate in International Investment Law","description":"Speakers addressed the proposed study of states' right to regulate in international investment law. Discussion included the scope and timing of the work, developing-country interests, and coordination with ongoing investment-law reform discussions in UNCITRAL."}],"words":[{"text":"Nous","start":987.79,"end":987.99},{"text":"saluons","start":987.99,"end":988.45},{"text":"par","start":988.45,"end":988.68},{"text":"ailleurs","start":988.68,"end":988.94},{"text":"l'inscription","start":989.41,"end":990.12},{"text":"du","start":990.13,"end":990.28},{"text":"thème","start":990.28,"end":990.72},{"text":"le","start":991.02,"end":991.23},{"text":"droit","start":991.23,"end":991.55},{"text":"de","start":991.56,"end":991.69},{"text":"réglementer","start":991.69,"end":992.52},{"text":"en","start":992.63,"end":992.82},{"text":"droit","start":992.82,"end":993.09},{"text":"international","start":993.09,"end":994.03},{"text":"de","start":994.03,"end":994.15},{"text":"l'investissement","start":994.15,"end":995.07}]},{"text":"Au programme de travail à long terme ainsi que l'approbation d'un plan d'étude actualisé sur la compétence extraterritoriale.","start":996.03,"end":1004.58,"topics":[{"key":"extraterritorial-jurisdiction","label":"Extraterritorial Jurisdiction","description":"Delegations considered further work on the grounds and limits of jurisdiction exercised beyond national territory. Several supported combining a general legal framework with sector-specific analysis to strengthen legal certainty, consistency, and cooperation between states."}],"words":[{"text":"Au","start":996.03,"end":996.15},{"text":"programme","start":996.16,"end":996.77},{"text":"de","start":996.78,"end":996.91},{"text":"travail","start":996.92,"end":997.51},{"text":"à","start":997.51,"end":997.65},{"text":"long","start":997.65,"end":997.89},{"text":"terme","start":997.91,"end":998.32},{"text":"ainsi","start":998.32,"end":998.67},{"text":"que","start":998.67,"end":998.83},{"text":"l'approbation","start":998.83,"end":999.67},{"text":"d'un","start":999.9,"end":1000.17},{"text":"plan","start":1000.17,"end":1000.43},{"text":"d'étude","start":1000.43,"end":1000.87},{"text":"actualisé","start":1000.87,"end":1001.6},{"text":"sur","start":1001.6,"end":1001.94},{"text":"la","start":1002.22,"end":1002.4},{"text":"compétence","start":1002.4,"end":1003.18},{"text":"extraterritoriale","start":1003.18,"end":1004.58}]},{"text":"La Côte d'Ivoire encourage la Commission à veiller à la transparence et à l'inclusivité de ces processus en tenant du dûment compte des intérêts des États, en particulier des pays en développement, afin de contribuer au développement progressif du droit international.","start":1005.47,"end":1024.07,"topics":[{"key":"investment-regulatory-right","label":"The Right to Regulate in International Investment Law","description":"Speakers addressed the proposed study of states' right to regulate in international investment law. Discussion included the scope and timing of the work, developing-country interests, and coordination with ongoing investment-law reform discussions in UNCITRAL."}],"words":[{"text":"La","start":1005.47,"end":1005.66},{"text":"Côte","start":1005.66,"end":1005.82},{"text":"d'Ivoire","start":1005.82,"end":1006.1},{"text":"encourage","start":1006.14,"end":1006.62},{"text":"la","start":1006.62,"end":1006.76},{"text":"Commission","start":1006.76,"end":1007.34},{"text":"à","start":1007.34,"end":1007.48},{"text":"veiller","start":1007.48,"end":1008},{"text":"à","start":1008.26,"end":1008.34},{"text":"la","start":1008.34,"end":1008.46},{"text":"transparence","start":1008.46,"end":1009.44},{"text":"et","start":1009.7,"end":1009.85},{"text":"à","start":1009.85,"end":1009.95},{"text":"l'inclusivité","start":1009.95,"end":1011.3},{"text":"de","start":1011.31,"end":1011.47},{"text":"ces","start":1011.49,"end":1011.67},{"text":"processus","start":1011.68,"end":1012.59},{"text":"en","start":1012.93,"end":1013.08},{"text":"tenant","start":1013.1,"end":1013.59},{"text":"du","start":1014.62,"end":1014.91},{"text":"dûment","start":1014.91,"end":1015.08},{"text":"compte","start":1015.1,"end":1015.57},{"text":"des","start":1015.58,"end":1015.82},{"text":"intérêts","start":1015.82,"end":1016.26},{"text":"des","start":1016.26,"end":1016.45},{"text":"États","start":1016.45,"end":1016.85},{"text":"en","start":1017.22,"end":1017.36},{"text":"particulier","start":1017.36,"end":1018.07},{"text":"des","start":1018.07,"end":1018.22},{"text":"pays","start":1018.22,"end":1018.54},{"text":"en","start":1018.57,"end":1018.66},{"text":"développement","start":1019.18,"end":1019.43},{"text":"afin","start":1019.7,"end":1020.02},{"text":"de","start":1020.02,"end":1020.14},{"text":"contribuer","start":1020.14,"end":1020.68},{"text":"au","start":1020.68,"end":1020.75},{"text":"développement","start":1021.24,"end":1021.5},{"text":"progressif","start":1021.5,"end":1022.42},{"text":"du","start":1022.44,"end":1022.62},{"text":"droit","start":1022.62,"end":1022.98},{"text":"international","start":1023,"end":1024.07}]},{"text":"Enfin, en ce qui concerne les méthodes de travail, mon pays souligne l'importance de bâtir un large consensus au sein de la Commission avant de finaliser tout projet de test et réaffirme son soutien indéfectible à la commission international.","start":1024.82,"end":1043.07,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Enfin","start":1024.82,"end":1025.3},{"text":"en","start":1025.66,"end":1025.79},{"text":"ce","start":1025.79,"end":1025.94},{"text":"qui","start":1025.94,"end":1026.1},{"text":"concerne","start":1026.1,"end":1026.49},{"text":"les","start":1026.49,"end":1026.6},{"text":"méthodes","start":1026.62,"end":1026.98},{"text":"de","start":1026.98,"end":1027.23},{"text":"travail","start":1027.24,"end":1027.85},{"text":"mon","start":1028.18,"end":1028.34},{"text":"pays","start":1028.35,"end":1028.63},{"text":"souligne","start":1028.63,"end":1029.18},{"text":"l'importance","start":1029.18,"end":1030.06},{"text":"de","start":1030.46,"end":1030.68},{"text":"bâtir","start":1030.68,"end":1031.39},{"text":"un","start":1031.66,"end":1031.82},{"text":"large","start":1031.85,"end":1032.21},{"text":"consensus","start":1032.21,"end":1033.05},{"text":"au","start":1033.2,"end":1033.38},{"text":"sein","start":1033.39,"end":1033.73},{"text":"de","start":1033.73,"end":1033.86},{"text":"la","start":1033.86,"end":1033.98},{"text":"Commission","start":1033.99,"end":1034.64},{"text":"avant","start":1034.99,"end":1035.3},{"text":"de","start":1035.3,"end":1035.42},{"text":"finaliser","start":1035.45,"end":1036.12},{"text":"tout","start":1036.12,"end":1036.39},{"text":"projet","start":1036.41,"end":1036.86},{"text":"de","start":1036.86,"end":1037},{"text":"test","start":1037,"end":1037.57},{"text":"et","start":1037.95,"end":1038.13},{"text":"réaffirme","start":1038.13,"end":1038.7},{"text":"son","start":1038.7,"end":1038.86},{"text":"soutien","start":1038.86,"end":1039.34},{"text":"indéfectible","start":1039.34,"end":1040.43},{"text":"à","start":1040.7,"end":1040.81},{"text":"la","start":1040.81,"end":1040.93},{"text":"commission","start":1040.94,"end":1041.51},{"text":"international","start":1042.03,"end":1043.07}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"CIV","group":null,"function":"Représentante","affiliation_full":"Côte d’Ivoire"}},{"statement_number":6,"start":1043.07,"pageUrl":"/zh/ga/c6/81/30?lang=floor&t=17:24","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank the distinguished representative of Cote d'Ivoire for her statement and I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Timorless.","start":1043.07,"end":1053.15,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":1043.07,"end":1046.37},{"text":"thank","start":1046.37,"end":1046.66},{"text":"the","start":1046.66,"end":1046.74},{"text":"distinguished","start":1046.74,"end":1047.34},{"text":"representative","start":1047.35,"end":1048.21},{"text":"of","start":1048.21,"end":1048.4},{"text":"Cote","start":1048.44,"end":1048.74},{"text":"d'Ivoire","start":1048.74,"end":1049.14},{"text":"for","start":1049.22,"end":1049.38},{"text":"her","start":1049.38,"end":1049.52},{"text":"statement","start":1049.54,"end":1050.13},{"text":"and","start":1050.13,"end":1050.22},{"text":"I","start":1050.22,"end":1050.3},{"text":"give","start":1050.3,"end":1050.46},{"text":"the","start":1050.5,"end":1050.57},{"text":"floor","start":1050.57,"end":1050.87},{"text":"to","start":1050.87,"end":1051.01},{"text":"the","start":1051.02,"end":1051.1},{"text":"distinguished","start":1051.1,"end":1051.6},{"text":"representative","start":1051.61,"end":1052.37},{"text":"of","start":1052.37,"end":1052.52},{"text":"Timorless","start":1052.54,"end":1053.15}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"6th Committee","group":null,"function":"Chair","affiliation_full":"6th Committee"}},{"statement_number":7,"start":1056.82,"pageUrl":"/zh/ga/c6/81/30?lang=floor&t=17:37","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Madam chair timor leste aligns itself with a statement delivered on behalf of the alliance of small island states, AOS, and wishes to make the following remarks in its national capacity my delegation expresses its appreciation to the chair and members of the international law commission, its special rapporteurs and the codification division for their continued work and the significant progress achieved during the commission's 77th 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leste's commitment to international law is rooted in our own history 2020 from the realisation of our right to self determination and the restoration of our independence to the peaceful settlement of our maritime boundary with australia through the first compulsory conciliation under 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small states in particular international law and its dispute settlement mechanisms are a guarantee of sovereign equality and justice it is in 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that timor leste reaffirms its belief in international law and its support for the work of the commission in its progressive development and 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note with appreciation the commission's draft conclusions on general principles of law which help clarify this source of international law under article 38 paragraph one c of the statute of the international court of justice.","start":1130.69,"end":1144.43,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. 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Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":1166.77,"end":1166.93},{"text":"also","start":1166.93,"end":1167.26},{"text":"welcome","start":1167.26,"end":1167.81},{"text":"the","start":1168.06,"end":1168.14},{"text":"Commission's","start":1168.14,"end":1168.67},{"text":"recommendation","start":1168.67,"end":1169.49},{"text":"that","start":1169.49,"end":1169.56},{"text":"the","start":1169.62,"end":1169.69},{"text":"general","start":1169.69,"end":1170.06},{"text":"assembly","start":1170.06,"end":1170.5},{"text":"take","start":1170.5,"end":1170.78},{"text":"note","start":1170.81,"end":1171.18},{"text":"of","start":1171.27,"end":1171.38},{"text":"the","start":1171.39,"end":1171.47},{"text":"draft","start":1171.47,"end":1171.79},{"text":"conclusions","start":1171.8,"end":1172.57}]},{"text":"Madam president timor leste attaches particular importance to the commission's work on sea level rise in relation to international law we once again commend the study group and its co chairs for their valuable contribution.","start":1174.31,"end":1189.01,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":1174.31,"end":1174.68},{"text":"president","start":1174.69,"end":1175.07},{"text":"timor","start":1176.34,"end":1176.68},{"text":"leste","start":1176.68,"end":1177.21},{"text":"attaches","start":1177.68,"end":1178.21},{"text":"particular","start":1178.21,"end":1178.68},{"text":"importance","start":1178.69,"end":1179.24},{"text":"to","start":1179.24,"end":1179.34},{"text":"the","start":1179.34,"end":1179.36},{"text":"commission's","start":1179.36,"end":1179.9},{"text":"work","start":1179.94,"end":1180.23},{"text":"on","start":1180.26,"end":1180.38},{"text":"sea","start":1180.39,"end":1180.61},{"text":"level","start":1180.62,"end":1180.91},{"text":"rise","start":1180.91,"end":1181.37},{"text":"in","start":1181.75,"end":1181.88},{"text":"relation","start":1181.89,"end":1182.29},{"text":"to","start":1182.3,"end":1182.45},{"text":"international","start":1182.45,"end":1183.06},{"text":"law","start":1183.06,"end":1183.33},{"text":"we","start":1184.26,"end":1184.42},{"text":"once","start":1184.42,"end":1184.73},{"text":"again","start":1184.74,"end":1185.06},{"text":"commend","start":1185.06,"end":1185.49},{"text":"the","start":1185.49,"end":1185.57},{"text":"study","start":1185.57,"end":1185.93},{"text":"group","start":1185.93,"end":1186.29},{"text":"and","start":1186.33,"end":1186.46},{"text":"its","start":1186.46,"end":1186.64},{"text":"co","start":1186.64,"end":1186.86},{"text":"chairs","start":1186.86,"end":1187.3},{"text":"for","start":1187.32,"end":1187.47},{"text":"their","start":1187.49,"end":1187.65},{"text":"valuable","start":1187.66,"end":1188.21},{"text":"contribution","start":1188.25,"end":1189.01}]},{"text":"The commission's work has helped advance legal certainty and predictability concerning the preservation of maritime zones, continuity of statehood and protection of persons affected by sea level rise.","start":1191.05,"end":1203.19,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":1191.05,"end":1191.15},{"text":"commission's","start":1191.15,"end":1191.66},{"text":"work","start":1191.66,"end":1192},{"text":"has","start":1192.01,"end":1192.18},{"text":"helped","start":1192.21,"end":1192.48},{"text":"advance","start":1192.48,"end":1193.05},{"text":"legal","start":1193.45,"end":1193.75},{"text":"certainty","start":1193.75,"end":1194.29},{"text":"and","start":1194.29,"end":1194.37},{"text":"predictability","start":1194.37,"end":1195.21},{"text":"concerning","start":1195.22,"end":1195.73},{"text":"the","start":1195.73,"end":1195.79},{"text":"preservation","start":1196.69,"end":1197.41},{"text":"of","start":1197.41,"end":1197.5},{"text":"maritime","start":1197.5,"end":1198.01},{"text":"zones","start":1198.05,"end":1198.5},{"text":"continuity","start":1199.01,"end":1199.69},{"text":"of","start":1199.69,"end":1199.77},{"text":"statehood","start":1199.77,"end":1200.34},{"text":"and","start":1200.36,"end":1200.45},{"text":"protection","start":1200.45,"end":1201},{"text":"of","start":1201,"end":1201.07},{"text":"persons","start":1201.07,"end":1201.61},{"text":"affected","start":1201.61,"end":1202.01},{"text":"by","start":1202.02,"end":1202.17},{"text":"sea","start":1202.17,"end":1202.41},{"text":"level","start":1202.41,"end":1202.72},{"text":"rise","start":1202.73,"end":1203.19}]},{"text":"These dimensions are closely interconnected.","start":1204.41,"end":1206.7,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"These","start":1204.41,"end":1204.69},{"text":"dimensions","start":1204.71,"end":1205.37},{"text":"are","start":1205.37,"end":1205.43},{"text":"closely","start":1205.45,"end":1205.87},{"text":"interconnected","start":1205.89,"end":1206.7}]},{"text":"In particular, we recall the study groups conclusion that unclos does not require states to update baselines geographical coordinates or outer limits of maritime zones once duly deposited with the secretary general to account for physical changes.","start":1207.61,"end":1222.91,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. 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Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"positions","start":1261.92,"end":1262.11},{"text":"articulated","start":1262.12,"end":1262.68},{"text":"by","start":1262.69,"end":1262.86},{"text":"particularly","start":1262.86,"end":1263.49},{"text":"affected","start":1263.49,"end":1263.9},{"text":"states","start":1263.93,"end":1264.42},{"text":"including","start":1264.77,"end":1265.18},{"text":"through","start":1265.18,"end":1265.34},{"text":"the","start":1265.34,"end":1265.42},{"text":"pacific","start":1265.42,"end":1265.96},{"text":"islands","start":1265.96,"end":1266.29},{"text":"forum","start":1266.3,"end":1266.7},{"text":"and","start":1266.84,"end":1267.05},{"text":"oasis","start":1267.77,"end":1268.32},{"text":"declarations","start":1268.89,"end":1269.71},{"text":"remain","start":1270.17,"end":1270.56},{"text":"undiminished","start":1270.57,"end":1271.29},{"text":"and","start":1271.33,"end":1271.44},{"text":"continue","start":1271.45,"end":1271.88},{"text":"to","start":1271.89,"end":1272.01},{"text":"inform","start":1272.01,"end":1272.45},{"text":"the","start":1272.46,"end":1272.53},{"text":"interpretation","start":1272.53,"end":1273.41},{"text":"and","start":1273.45,"end":1273.54},{"text":"development","start":1273.6,"end":1274.05},{"text":"of","start":1274.06,"end":1274.16},{"text":"international","start":1274.16,"end":1274.71},{"text":"law","start":1274.71,"end":1274.92}]},{"text":"the protection of persons affected by sea level rise requires particular attention as recognised in the study group's final report existing international legal frameworks.","start":1276.49,"end":1287.89,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"the","start":1276.49,"end":1276.6},{"text":"protection","start":1276.6,"end":1277.16},{"text":"of","start":1277.16,"end":1277.22},{"text":"persons","start":1277.25,"end":1277.83},{"text":"affected","start":1277.85,"end":1278.27},{"text":"by","start":1278.29,"end":1278.47},{"text":"sea","start":1278.47,"end":1278.69},{"text":"level","start":1278.73,"end":1279.01},{"text":"rise","start":1279.02,"end":1279.49},{"text":"requires","start":1279.81,"end":1280.3},{"text":"particular","start":1280.33,"end":1280.73},{"text":"attention","start":1280.73,"end":1281.29},{"text":"as","start":1282.37,"end":1282.6},{"text":"recognised","start":1282.61,"end":1283.32},{"text":"in","start":1283.32,"end":1283.43},{"text":"the","start":1283.43,"end":1283.5},{"text":"study","start":1283.5,"end":1283.8},{"text":"group's","start":1283.82,"end":1284.13},{"text":"final","start":1284.14,"end":1284.45},{"text":"report","start":1284.49,"end":1284.99},{"text":"existing","start":1285.61,"end":1286.19},{"text":"international","start":1286.19,"end":1286.88},{"text":"legal","start":1286.89,"end":1287.24},{"text":"frameworks","start":1287.25,"end":1287.89}]},{"text":"provide essential protections but remain fragmented and insufficiently adapted to the specific circumstances involved further work is needed to clarify the application of existing obligations.","start":1287.9,"end":1300.22,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. 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Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"existing","start":1300.22,"end":1300.23},{"text":"obligations","start":1300.23,"end":1301.02},{"text":"address","start":1301.73,"end":1302.13},{"text":"gaps","start":1302.13,"end":1302.52},{"text":"in","start":1302.53,"end":1302.62},{"text":"protection","start":1302.62,"end":1303.3},{"text":"and","start":1303.71,"end":1304.11},{"text":"where","start":1304.57,"end":1304.76},{"text":"necessary","start":1304.77,"end":1305.53},{"text":"further","start":1305.91,"end":1306.29},{"text":"develop","start":1306.29,"end":1306.77},{"text":"international","start":1306.77,"end":1307.38},{"text":"law","start":1307.39,"end":1307.65}]},{"text":"Human dignity, the effective enjoyment of human rights and the meaningful participation participation of affected communities must remain central to these efforts.","start":1309.29,"end":1318.73,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. 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Korea.","start":1443.86,"end":1446.69,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"distinguished","start":1443.86,"end":1444.4},{"text":"representative","start":1444.43,"end":1445.2},{"text":"of","start":1445.2,"end":1445.33},{"text":"the","start":1445.33,"end":1445.4},{"text":"Republic","start":1445.41,"end":1445.99},{"text":"of","start":1445.99,"end":1446.13},{"text":"Korea","start":1446.16,"end":1446.69}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"6th Committee","group":null,"function":"Chair","affiliation_full":"6th Committee"}},{"statement_number":9,"start":1448.2,"pageUrl":"/zh/ga/c6/81/30?lang=floor&t=24:09","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Chair, my delegation expresses sincere gratitude for the excellent work done by the commission at a 76th and 77 777 session, the Korean government will keep participating actively in the consideration of the topics and fully cooperate with the commission.","start":1448.2,"end":1467.12,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Chair","start":1448.2,"end":1448.51},{"text":"my","start":1449.64,"end":1449.82},{"text":"delegation","start":1449.84,"end":1450.45},{"text":"expresses","start":1450.45,"end":1451},{"text":"sincere","start":1451.44,"end":1451.94},{"text":"gratitude","start":1451.94,"end":1452.64},{"text":"for","start":1452.77,"end":1452.99},{"text":"the","start":1453.01,"end":1453.16},{"text":"excellent","start":1453.16,"end":1453.58},{"text":"work","start":1453.6,"end":1453.88},{"text":"done","start":1453.88,"end":1454.18},{"text":"by","start":1454.18,"end":1454.32},{"text":"the","start":1454.33,"end":1454.4},{"text":"commission","start":1454.4,"end":1454.99},{"text":"at","start":1455.29,"end":1455.43},{"text":"a","start":1455.43,"end":1455.5},{"text":"76th","start":1455.52,"end":1456.28},{"text":"and","start":1456.36,"end":1456.44},{"text":"77","start":1456.44,"end":1456.44},{"text":"777","start":1456.44,"end":1457.84},{"text":"session","start":1457.85,"end":1458.32},{"text":"the","start":1459.31,"end":1459.41},{"text":"Korean","start":1459.41,"end":1459.8},{"text":"government","start":1459.8,"end":1460.25},{"text":"will","start":1460.27,"end":1460.41},{"text":"keep","start":1460.41,"end":1460.64},{"text":"participating","start":1460.64,"end":1461.41},{"text":"actively","start":1461.44,"end":1462.04},{"text":"in","start":1462.5,"end":1462.6},{"text":"the","start":1462.62,"end":1462.69},{"text":"consideration","start":1462.69,"end":1463.52},{"text":"of","start":1463.52,"end":1463.65},{"text":"the","start":1463.65,"end":1463.74},{"text":"topics","start":1463.74,"end":1464.39},{"text":"and","start":1464.98,"end":1465.14},{"text":"fully","start":1465.14,"end":1465.55},{"text":"cooperate","start":1465.56,"end":1466.31},{"text":"with","start":1466.32,"end":1466.49},{"text":"the","start":1466.49,"end":1466.56},{"text":"commission","start":1466.56,"end":1467.12}]},{"text":"In the interest of time, I will highlight only the key elements of our statement and submit the full text in writing.","start":1468.72,"end":1475.31,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":1468.72,"end":1468.83},{"text":"the","start":1468.83,"end":1468.92},{"text":"interest","start":1468.92,"end":1469.36},{"text":"of","start":1469.37,"end":1469.48},{"text":"time","start":1469.48,"end":1469.9},{"text":"I","start":1470.07,"end":1470.12},{"text":"will","start":1470.12,"end":1470.27},{"text":"highlight","start":1470.27,"end":1470.75},{"text":"only","start":1470.76,"end":1471.07},{"text":"the","start":1471.11,"end":1471.18},{"text":"key","start":1471.18,"end":1471.48},{"text":"elements","start":1471.52,"end":1472.04},{"text":"of","start":1472.32,"end":1472.47},{"text":"our","start":1472.47,"end":1472.66},{"text":"statement","start":1472.66,"end":1473.33},{"text":"and","start":1473.52,"end":1473.64},{"text":"submit","start":1473.64,"end":1473.98},{"text":"the","start":1474.04,"end":1474.1},{"text":"full","start":1474.12,"end":1474.34},{"text":"text","start":1474.36,"end":1474.72},{"text":"in","start":1474.75,"end":1474.88},{"text":"writing","start":1474.9,"end":1475.31}]},{"text":"About sea level rise, once again, my delegation would like to express deep appreciation for the excellent final report of the study group.","start":1477.04,"end":1486.12,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"About","start":1477.04,"end":1477.28},{"text":"sea","start":1477.28,"end":1477.48},{"text":"level","start":1477.48,"end":1477.74},{"text":"rise","start":1477.74,"end":1478.27},{"text":"once","start":1478.63,"end":1478.96},{"text":"again","start":1478.96,"end":1479.23},{"text":"my","start":1479.24,"end":1479.42},{"text":"delegation","start":1479.43,"end":1480.13},{"text":"would","start":1480.16,"end":1480.32},{"text":"like","start":1480.32,"end":1480.56},{"text":"to","start":1480.61,"end":1480.69},{"text":"express","start":1480.69,"end":1481.27},{"text":"deep","start":1481.48,"end":1481.8},{"text":"appreciation","start":1481.85,"end":1482.69},{"text":"for","start":1483.08,"end":1483.26},{"text":"the","start":1483.27,"end":1483.39},{"text":"excellent","start":1483.4,"end":1483.92},{"text":"final","start":1483.92,"end":1484.24},{"text":"report","start":1484.24,"end":1484.8},{"text":"of","start":1485.16,"end":1485.29},{"text":"the","start":1485.3,"end":1485.38},{"text":"study","start":1485.39,"end":1485.73},{"text":"group","start":1485.76,"end":1486.12}]},{"text":"The Republic of Korea fully shares the consent of the international community and will continue its commitment to address this issue.","start":1487.4,"end":1495.75,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":1487.4,"end":1487.49},{"text":"Republic","start":1487.5,"end":1487.98},{"text":"of","start":1488.03,"end":1488.08},{"text":"Korea","start":1488.08,"end":1488.41},{"text":"fully","start":1488.41,"end":1488.76},{"text":"shares","start":1488.76,"end":1489.37},{"text":"the","start":1489.52,"end":1489.63},{"text":"consent","start":1489.64,"end":1490.1},{"text":"of","start":1490.11,"end":1490.22},{"text":"the","start":1490.24,"end":1490.29},{"text":"international","start":1490.29,"end":1490.89},{"text":"community","start":1490.89,"end":1491.59},{"text":"and","start":1492.21,"end":1492.36},{"text":"will","start":1492.36,"end":1492.53},{"text":"continue","start":1492.53,"end":1493.16},{"text":"its","start":1493.37,"end":1493.5},{"text":"commitment","start":1493.52,"end":1494.16},{"text":"to","start":1494.59,"end":1494.69},{"text":"address","start":1494.7,"end":1495.07},{"text":"this","start":1495.08,"end":1495.32},{"text":"issue","start":1495.33,"end":1495.75}]},{"text":"about immunity of state officials from foreign criminal jurisdiction Madam chair my delegation would like to express its gratitude for the excellent work done by dispatch rapporteur Mr.. Claudia Grossman Gilloff and the ILC members on this topic.","start":1497.53,"end":1513.05,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"about","start":1497.53,"end":1497.79},{"text":"immunity","start":1497.81,"end":1498.32},{"text":"of","start":1498.4,"end":1498.48},{"text":"state","start":1498.49,"end":1498.82},{"text":"officials","start":1498.83,"end":1499.47},{"text":"from","start":1499.47,"end":1499.69},{"text":"foreign","start":1499.69,"end":1500.06},{"text":"criminal","start":1500.06,"end":1500.48},{"text":"jurisdiction","start":1500.49,"end":1501.32},{"text":"Madam","start":1502.55,"end":1502.84},{"text":"chair","start":1502.84,"end":1503.15},{"text":"my","start":1503.16,"end":1503.34},{"text":"delegation","start":1503.34,"end":1503.89},{"text":"would","start":1503.9,"end":1504.02},{"text":"like","start":1504.02,"end":1504.24},{"text":"to","start":1504.25,"end":1504.32},{"text":"express","start":1504.32,"end":1504.79},{"text":"its","start":1504.86,"end":1504.99},{"text":"gratitude","start":1505.01,"end":1505.68},{"text":"for","start":1505.68,"end":1505.86},{"text":"the","start":1505.87,"end":1506},{"text":"excellent","start":1506.04,"end":1506.45},{"text":"work","start":1506.5,"end":1506.73},{"text":"done","start":1506.76,"end":1507.11},{"text":"by","start":1507.16,"end":1507.3},{"text":"dispatch","start":1507.32,"end":1507.75},{"text":"rapporteur","start":1507.82,"end":1508.36},{"text":"Mr.","start":1508.42,"end":1508.74},{"text":"Claudia","start":1508.75,"end":1509.28},{"text":"Grossman","start":1509.28,"end":1509.87},{"text":"Gilloff","start":1509.87,"end":1510.39},{"text":"and","start":1510.97,"end":1511.09},{"text":"the","start":1511.09,"end":1511.18},{"text":"ILC","start":1511.19,"end":1511.64},{"text":"members","start":1511.64,"end":1512.14},{"text":"on","start":1512.17,"end":1512.28},{"text":"this","start":1512.28,"end":1512.49},{"text":"topic","start":1512.51,"end":1513.05}]},{"text":"At the 77 session, the commission adopted draft article on second reading and recommended the elaboration of a convention at the appropriate time.","start":1514.55,"end":1523.77,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"At","start":1514.55,"end":1514.65},{"text":"the","start":1514.67,"end":1514.75},{"text":"77","start":1514.75,"end":1515.28},{"text":"session","start":1515.29,"end":1515.8},{"text":"the","start":1516.02,"end":1516.14},{"text":"commission","start":1516.14,"end":1516.62},{"text":"adopted","start":1516.63,"end":1517.23},{"text":"draft","start":1517.38,"end":1517.75},{"text":"article","start":1517.75,"end":1518.16},{"text":"on","start":1518.2,"end":1518.33},{"text":"second","start":1518.33,"end":1518.68},{"text":"reading","start":1518.68,"end":1519.08},{"text":"and","start":1519.62,"end":1519.76},{"text":"recommended","start":1519.76,"end":1520.38},{"text":"the","start":1520.4,"end":1520.47},{"text":"elaboration","start":1520.48,"end":1521.15},{"text":"of","start":1521.15,"end":1521.24},{"text":"a","start":1521.24,"end":1521.29},{"text":"convention","start":1521.29,"end":1521.29},{"text":"at","start":1522.46,"end":1522.56},{"text":"the","start":1522.57,"end":1522.72},{"text":"appropriate","start":1522.72,"end":1523.33},{"text":"time","start":1523.36,"end":1523.77}]},{"text":"We hope that the follow up on the commission's work and this topic will continue to will contribute to the imperative of preventing immunity impunity of those committing crimes under international law while respecting the principles of sovereign equality.","start":1524.96,"end":1542.81,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":1524.96,"end":1525.16},{"text":"hope","start":1525.16,"end":1525.6},{"text":"that","start":1525.8,"end":1526.04},{"text":"the","start":1526.04,"end":1526.1},{"text":"follow","start":1526.12,"end":1526.44},{"text":"up","start":1526.44,"end":1526.62},{"text":"on","start":1526.83,"end":1526.95},{"text":"the","start":1526.95,"end":1527.01},{"text":"commission's","start":1527.01,"end":1527.52},{"text":"work","start":1527.56,"end":1527.82},{"text":"and","start":1527.85,"end":1527.96},{"text":"this","start":1527.96,"end":1528.13},{"text":"topic","start":1528.15,"end":1528.63},{"text":"will","start":1528.97,"end":1529.15},{"text":"continue","start":1529.16,"end":1529.83},{"text":"to","start":1530.23,"end":1530.67},{"text":"will","start":1531.08,"end":1531.26},{"text":"contribute","start":1531.28,"end":1531.85},{"text":"to","start":1531.88,"end":1532.15},{"text":"the","start":1532.16,"end":1532.24},{"text":"imperative","start":1532.24,"end":1532.94},{"text":"of","start":1533.08,"end":1533.19},{"text":"preventing","start":1533.19,"end":1533.88},{"text":"immunity","start":1534.31,"end":1534.91},{"text":"impunity","start":1535.79,"end":1536.51},{"text":"of","start":1536.61,"end":1536.8},{"text":"those","start":1536.81,"end":1537.13},{"text":"committing","start":1537.14,"end":1537.54},{"text":"crimes","start":1537.55,"end":1538.03},{"text":"under","start":1538.07,"end":1538.32},{"text":"international","start":1538.34,"end":1539.05},{"text":"law","start":1539.05,"end":1539.31},{"text":"while","start":1539.87,"end":1540.05},{"text":"respecting","start":1540.07,"end":1540.73},{"text":"the","start":1540.74,"end":1540.83},{"text":"principles","start":1540.83,"end":1541.55},{"text":"of","start":1541.6,"end":1541.72},{"text":"sovereign","start":1541.75,"end":1542.23},{"text":"equality","start":1542.23,"end":1542.81}]},{"text":"At the present session, the commission considered draft articles seven eight and nine draft article seven which is renumbered draft article six and second reading addresses the crucial question of exceptions to immunity.","start":1545.69,"end":1560.56,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"At","start":1545.69,"end":1545.77},{"text":"the","start":1545.79,"end":1545.85},{"text":"present","start":1545.85,"end":1546.2},{"text":"session","start":1546.2,"end":1546.72},{"text":"the","start":1547.15,"end":1547.25},{"text":"commission","start":1547.25,"end":1547.75},{"text":"considered","start":1547.76,"end":1548.31},{"text":"draft","start":1548.34,"end":1548.69},{"text":"articles","start":1548.71,"end":1549.15},{"text":"seven","start":1549.15,"end":1549.66},{"text":"eight","start":1549.79,"end":1550.11},{"text":"and","start":1550.17,"end":1550.27},{"text":"nine","start":1550.28,"end":1550.66},{"text":"draft","start":1552.03,"end":1552.35},{"text":"article","start":1552.35,"end":1552.74},{"text":"seven","start":1552.75,"end":1553.23},{"text":"which","start":1553.31,"end":1553.58},{"text":"is","start":1553.63,"end":1553.79},{"text":"renumbered","start":1553.79,"end":1554.27},{"text":"draft","start":1554.29,"end":1554.61},{"text":"article","start":1554.61,"end":1554.96},{"text":"six","start":1554.96,"end":1555.34},{"text":"and","start":1555.36,"end":1555.49},{"text":"second","start":1555.51,"end":1555.83},{"text":"reading","start":1555.86,"end":1556.23},{"text":"addresses","start":1556.99,"end":1557.58},{"text":"the","start":1557.59,"end":1557.68},{"text":"crucial","start":1557.68,"end":1558.11},{"text":"question","start":1558.11,"end":1558.7},{"text":"of","start":1558.71,"end":1558.96},{"text":"exceptions","start":1559.08,"end":1559.78},{"text":"to","start":1559.81,"end":1559.95},{"text":"immunity","start":1559.99,"end":1560.56}]},{"text":"Retione Maturie.","start":1560.95,"end":1562.17,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Retione","start":1560.95,"end":1561.52},{"text":"Maturie","start":1561.55,"end":1562.17}]},{"text":"My delegation notes that even though the commission was not able to adopt it by consensus, the number of members who voted against the article has decreased as compared to 2017.","start":1563.75,"end":1576.81,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"My","start":1563.75,"end":1564.02},{"text":"delegation","start":1564.03,"end":1564.6},{"text":"notes","start":1564.63,"end":1565.13},{"text":"that","start":1565.35,"end":1565.59},{"text":"even","start":1565.68,"end":1565.94},{"text":"though","start":1565.94,"end":1566.27},{"text":"the","start":1566.39,"end":1566.51},{"text":"commission","start":1566.51,"end":1567.16},{"text":"was","start":1567.28,"end":1567.49},{"text":"not","start":1567.49,"end":1567.81},{"text":"able","start":1567.87,"end":1568.13},{"text":"to","start":1568.15,"end":1568.27},{"text":"adopt","start":1568.3,"end":1568.7},{"text":"it","start":1568.7,"end":1568.81},{"text":"by","start":1568.81,"end":1569},{"text":"consensus","start":1569,"end":1569.79},{"text":"the","start":1570.58,"end":1570.65},{"text":"number","start":1570.67,"end":1570.99},{"text":"of","start":1571.02,"end":1571.16},{"text":"members","start":1571.18,"end":1571.76},{"text":"who","start":1571.83,"end":1571.98},{"text":"voted","start":1571.98,"end":1572.49},{"text":"against","start":1572.57,"end":1573.03},{"text":"the","start":1573.04,"end":1573.19},{"text":"article","start":1573.21,"end":1573.75},{"text":"has","start":1574,"end":1574.17},{"text":"decreased","start":1574.2,"end":1574.87},{"text":"as","start":1574.99,"end":1575.14},{"text":"compared","start":1575.15,"end":1575.63},{"text":"to","start":1575.63,"end":1575.76},{"text":"2017","start":1576.15,"end":1576.81}]},{"text":"In its previous interventions my delegation supported the retention of draft article seven therefore it welcomes the decision of the commission to keep the provision and the draft articles adopted on second reading.","start":1579.2,"end":1593.55,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":1579.2,"end":1579.33},{"text":"its","start":1579.37,"end":1579.55},{"text":"previous","start":1579.56,"end":1580.16},{"text":"interventions","start":1580.16,"end":1581.06},{"text":"my","start":1581.39,"end":1581.66},{"text":"delegation","start":1581.68,"end":1582.3},{"text":"supported","start":1582.31,"end":1583.04},{"text":"the","start":1583.24,"end":1583.35},{"text":"retention","start":1583.39,"end":1584},{"text":"of","start":1584.03,"end":1584.15},{"text":"draft","start":1584.15,"end":1584.48},{"text":"article","start":1584.53,"end":1584.95},{"text":"seven","start":1584.95,"end":1585.42},{"text":"therefore","start":1586.21,"end":1586.63},{"text":"it","start":1586.64,"end":1586.78},{"text":"welcomes","start":1586.79,"end":1587.4},{"text":"the","start":1587.55,"end":1587.68},{"text":"decision","start":1587.68,"end":1588.23},{"text":"of","start":1588.26,"end":1588.4},{"text":"the","start":1588.41,"end":1588.48},{"text":"commission","start":1588.48,"end":1589.03},{"text":"to","start":1589.04,"end":1589.16},{"text":"keep","start":1589.19,"end":1589.47},{"text":"the","start":1589.48,"end":1589.55},{"text":"provision","start":1589.56,"end":1590.2},{"text":"and","start":1590.3,"end":1590.39},{"text":"the","start":1590.39,"end":1590.39},{"text":"draft","start":1590.39,"end":1590.79},{"text":"articles","start":1590.8,"end":1591.46},{"text":"adopted","start":1591.84,"end":1592.37},{"text":"on","start":1592.65,"end":1592.77},{"text":"second","start":1592.79,"end":1593.15},{"text":"reading","start":1593.18,"end":1593.55}]},{"text":"With regard to this important draft article, my delegation would like to make the following observations.","start":1595.23,"end":1601.16,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"With","start":1595.23,"end":1595.4},{"text":"regard","start":1595.43,"end":1595.83},{"text":"to","start":1595.83,"end":1595.96},{"text":"this","start":1595.96,"end":1596.27},{"text":"important","start":1596.31,"end":1596.89},{"text":"draft","start":1596.89,"end":1597.22},{"text":"article","start":1597.22,"end":1597.8},{"text":"my","start":1598.07,"end":1598.32},{"text":"delegation","start":1598.34,"end":1598.94},{"text":"would","start":1598.95,"end":1599.08},{"text":"like","start":1599.11,"end":1599.35},{"text":"to","start":1599.36,"end":1599.44},{"text":"make","start":1599.44,"end":1599.67},{"text":"the","start":1599.69,"end":1599.75},{"text":"following","start":1599.76,"end":1600.19},{"text":"observations","start":1600.19,"end":1601.16}]},{"text":"First, one of the biggest changes from the draft articles adopted on first reading is the list of exceptions to amenity right here in the material has been lengthened by the addition of the crime of aggression, slavery and slave trading, while fully confirming the extremely heinous nature of these crimes under international law, my delegation believes that the commission should have provided more convincing reasons for the addition of these crimes to draft article seven.","start":1602.95,"end":1636.2,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"First","start":1602.95,"end":1603.43},{"text":"one","start":1603.9,"end":1604.24},{"text":"of","start":1604.27,"end":1604.44},{"text":"the","start":1604.47,"end":1604.55},{"text":"biggest","start":1604.55,"end":1604.99},{"text":"changes","start":1604.99,"end":1605.45},{"text":"from","start":1605.46,"end":1605.67},{"text":"the","start":1605.67,"end":1605.75},{"text":"draft","start":1605.77,"end":1606.1},{"text":"articles","start":1606.1,"end":1606.66},{"text":"adopted","start":1606.7,"end":1607.17},{"text":"on","start":1607.17,"end":1607.27},{"text":"first","start":1607.27,"end":1607.62},{"text":"reading","start":1607.63,"end":1608.01},{"text":"is","start":1608.46,"end":1608.61},{"text":"the","start":1608.63,"end":1608.72},{"text":"list","start":1608.72,"end":1609.22},{"text":"of","start":1609.27,"end":1609.41},{"text":"exceptions","start":1609.43,"end":1610.15},{"text":"to","start":1610.58,"end":1610.69},{"text":"amenity","start":1610.72,"end":1611.23},{"text":"right","start":1611.26,"end":1611.49},{"text":"here","start":1611.49,"end":1611.61},{"text":"in","start":1611.61,"end":1611.72},{"text":"the","start":1611.72,"end":1611.75},{"text":"material","start":1611.75,"end":1612.37},{"text":"has","start":1612.44,"end":1612.63},{"text":"been","start":1612.67,"end":1612.83},{"text":"lengthened","start":1612.83,"end":1613.39},{"text":"by","start":1614,"end":1614.18},{"text":"the","start":1614.19,"end":1614.35},{"text":"addition","start":1614.38,"end":1614.87},{"text":"of","start":1614.91,"end":1615.21},{"text":"the","start":1615.69,"end":1615.79},{"text":"crime","start":1615.79,"end":1616.27},{"text":"of","start":1616.27,"end":1616.4},{"text":"aggression","start":1616.4,"end":1617.03},{"text":"slavery","start":1617.4,"end":1618.15},{"text":"and","start":1618.49,"end":1618.64},{"text":"slave","start":1618.65,"end":1618.96},{"text":"trading","start":1618.99,"end":1619.47},{"text":"while","start":1621.02,"end":1621.23},{"text":"fully","start":1621.23,"end":1621.63},{"text":"confirming","start":1621.63,"end":1622.32},{"text":"the","start":1622.35,"end":1622.44},{"text":"extremely","start":1622.47,"end":1622.97},{"text":"heinous","start":1622.97,"end":1623.4},{"text":"nature","start":1623.4,"end":1623.89},{"text":"of","start":1623.97,"end":1624.07},{"text":"these","start":1624.09,"end":1624.29},{"text":"crimes","start":1624.31,"end":1625.03},{"text":"under","start":1625.07,"end":1625.35},{"text":"international","start":1625.39,"end":1625.39},{"text":"law","start":1626.11,"end":1626.4},{"text":"my","start":1627.4,"end":1627.62},{"text":"delegation","start":1627.62,"end":1628.17},{"text":"believes","start":1628.17,"end":1628.75},{"text":"that","start":1628.92,"end":1629.11},{"text":"the","start":1629.11,"end":1629.19},{"text":"commission","start":1629.19,"end":1629.64},{"text":"should","start":1629.65,"end":1629.94},{"text":"have","start":1629.95,"end":1630.11},{"text":"provided","start":1630.11,"end":1630.72},{"text":"more","start":1631.07,"end":1631.52},{"text":"convincing","start":1631.53,"end":1632.27},{"text":"reasons","start":1632.27,"end":1632.85},{"text":"for","start":1633.35,"end":1633.62},{"text":"the","start":1633.64,"end":1633.81},{"text":"addition","start":1633.81,"end":1634.23},{"text":"of","start":1634.23,"end":1634.33},{"text":"these","start":1634.35,"end":1634.53},{"text":"crimes","start":1634.53,"end":1634.93},{"text":"to","start":1634.95,"end":1635.04},{"text":"draft","start":1635.06,"end":1635.39},{"text":"article","start":1635.4,"end":1635.79},{"text":"seven","start":1635.79,"end":1636.2}]},{"text":"Secondly, another conspicuous difference from the draft article adopted on first reading is the location of the treaties containing the respective definition of crimes under international law to be included in draft article seven in 2022 the list appears as annexes to the draft articles and the draft articles adopted on second reading the list is found in the commentary.","start":1638.35,"end":1663.95,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Secondly","start":1638.35,"end":1638.9},{"text":"another","start":1639.08,"end":1639.37},{"text":"conspicuous","start":1639.39,"end":1640.03},{"text":"difference","start":1640.03,"end":1640.48},{"text":"from","start":1640.49,"end":1640.7},{"text":"the","start":1640.71,"end":1640.79},{"text":"draft","start":1640.8,"end":1641.11},{"text":"article","start":1641.11,"end":1641.63},{"text":"adopted","start":1641.67,"end":1642.1},{"text":"on","start":1642.1,"end":1642.21},{"text":"first","start":1642.23,"end":1642.54},{"text":"reading","start":1642.54,"end":1643.03},{"text":"is","start":1643.12,"end":1643.23},{"text":"the","start":1643.23,"end":1643.31},{"text":"location","start":1643.33,"end":1644.05},{"text":"of","start":1644.08,"end":1644.18},{"text":"the","start":1644.21,"end":1644.29},{"text":"treaties","start":1644.31,"end":1644.93},{"text":"containing","start":1645.31,"end":1645.94},{"text":"the","start":1645.97,"end":1646.07},{"text":"respective","start":1646.08,"end":1646.63},{"text":"definition","start":1646.65,"end":1647.21},{"text":"of","start":1647.21,"end":1647.29},{"text":"crimes","start":1647.3,"end":1647.89},{"text":"under","start":1648.24,"end":1648.47},{"text":"international","start":1648.47,"end":1649.19},{"text":"law","start":1649.19,"end":1649.51},{"text":"to","start":1649.91,"end":1650.02},{"text":"be","start":1650.04,"end":1650.14},{"text":"included","start":1650.16,"end":1650.72},{"text":"in","start":1650.83,"end":1650.96},{"text":"draft","start":1650.97,"end":1651.31},{"text":"article","start":1651.32,"end":1651.71},{"text":"seven","start":1651.71,"end":1652.21},{"text":"in","start":1654.13,"end":1654.24},{"text":"2022","start":1654.59,"end":1655.2},{"text":"the","start":1655.2,"end":1655.32},{"text":"list","start":1655.32,"end":1655.66},{"text":"appears","start":1655.66,"end":1656.13},{"text":"as","start":1656.13,"end":1656.28},{"text":"annexes","start":1656.31,"end":1656.82},{"text":"to","start":1656.86,"end":1656.97},{"text":"the","start":1656.99,"end":1657.08},{"text":"draft","start":1657.1,"end":1657.39},{"text":"articles","start":1657.39,"end":1658.1},{"text":"and","start":1659.7,"end":1659.81},{"text":"the","start":1659.82,"end":1659.91},{"text":"draft","start":1659.92,"end":1660.26},{"text":"articles","start":1660.26,"end":1660.76},{"text":"adopted","start":1660.76,"end":1661.22},{"text":"on","start":1661.22,"end":1661.31},{"text":"second","start":1661.31,"end":1661.66},{"text":"reading","start":1661.67,"end":1662.05},{"text":"the","start":1662.14,"end":1662.23},{"text":"list","start":1662.23,"end":1662.47},{"text":"is","start":1662.47,"end":1662.65},{"text":"found","start":1662.66,"end":1663.09},{"text":"in","start":1663.15,"end":1663.28},{"text":"the","start":1663.29,"end":1663.36},{"text":"commentary","start":1663.36,"end":1663.95}]},{"text":"to the draft article six in the light of the importance of this decision my delegation will carefully follow the discussion and this question at the sixth committee.","start":1664.94,"end":1675.75,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"to","start":1664.94,"end":1665.22},{"text":"the","start":1665.23,"end":1665.35},{"text":"draft","start":1665.35,"end":1665.67},{"text":"article","start":1665.67,"end":1666.03},{"text":"six","start":1666.03,"end":1666.56},{"text":"in","start":1668.11,"end":1668.21},{"text":"the","start":1668.21,"end":1668.28},{"text":"light","start":1668.28,"end":1668.55},{"text":"of","start":1668.55,"end":1668.68},{"text":"the","start":1668.68,"end":1668.76},{"text":"importance","start":1668.76,"end":1669.41},{"text":"of","start":1669.42,"end":1669.52},{"text":"this","start":1669.53,"end":1669.77},{"text":"decision","start":1669.79,"end":1670.4},{"text":"my","start":1670.52,"end":1670.82},{"text":"delegation","start":1670.84,"end":1671.65},{"text":"will","start":1671.74,"end":1671.91},{"text":"carefully","start":1671.91,"end":1672.55},{"text":"follow","start":1672.55,"end":1672.98},{"text":"the","start":1672.99,"end":1673.13},{"text":"discussion","start":1673.13,"end":1673.74},{"text":"and","start":1673.78,"end":1673.88},{"text":"this","start":1673.88,"end":1674.05},{"text":"question","start":1674.06,"end":1674.63},{"text":"at","start":1674.86,"end":1674.95},{"text":"the","start":1674.95,"end":1675.04},{"text":"sixth","start":1675.04,"end":1675.32},{"text":"committee","start":1675.32,"end":1675.75}]},{"text":"The commission decided to provide for part four for the purpose of avoiding possible abuse or politicization of the exercise of criminal jurisdiction by one state over an official.","start":1677.78,"end":1690.75,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":1677.78,"end":1677.87},{"text":"commission","start":1677.87,"end":1678.39},{"text":"decided","start":1678.39,"end":1678.88},{"text":"to","start":1678.91,"end":1679.55},{"text":"provide","start":1679.81,"end":1680.21},{"text":"for","start":1680.23,"end":1680.37},{"text":"part","start":1680.39,"end":1680.69},{"text":"four","start":1680.71,"end":1681.02},{"text":"for","start":1681.2,"end":1681.35},{"text":"the","start":1681.35,"end":1681.43},{"text":"purpose","start":1681.43,"end":1681.98},{"text":"of","start":1681.98,"end":1682.22},{"text":"avoiding","start":1682.31,"end":1682.72},{"text":"possible","start":1682.73,"end":1683.16},{"text":"abuse","start":1683.19,"end":1683.68},{"text":"or","start":1684.07,"end":1684.2},{"text":"politicization","start":1684.21,"end":1685.31},{"text":"of","start":1685.47,"end":1685.63},{"text":"the","start":1685.63,"end":1685.75},{"text":"exercise","start":1685.79,"end":1686.42},{"text":"of","start":1686.48,"end":1686.57},{"text":"criminal","start":1686.59,"end":1687},{"text":"jurisdiction","start":1687.03,"end":1688.48},{"text":"by","start":1688.9,"end":1689.03},{"text":"one","start":1689.03,"end":1689.31},{"text":"state","start":1689.35,"end":1689.71},{"text":"over","start":1689.83,"end":1690.07},{"text":"an","start":1690.11,"end":1690.24},{"text":"official","start":1690.24,"end":1690.75}]},{"text":"of another state.","start":1690.79,"end":1691.95,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"of","start":1690.79,"end":1690.95},{"text":"another","start":1690.95,"end":1691.36},{"text":"state","start":1691.47,"end":1691.95}]},{"text":"In this sense, part four constitutes an essential component of the draft article that stands in a relationship of interlocking integrity with other parts of the draft article, articles.","start":1693.35,"end":1704.13,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":1693.35,"end":1693.47},{"text":"this","start":1693.47,"end":1693.63},{"text":"sense","start":1693.63,"end":1694.01},{"text":"part","start":1694.03,"end":1694.29},{"text":"four","start":1694.29,"end":1694.47},{"text":"constitutes","start":1694.49,"end":1695.28},{"text":"an","start":1695.35,"end":1695.48},{"text":"essential","start":1695.48,"end":1696.06},{"text":"component","start":1696.07,"end":1696.64},{"text":"of","start":1696.68,"end":1696.8},{"text":"the","start":1696.81,"end":1696.9},{"text":"draft","start":1696.92,"end":1697.24},{"text":"article","start":1697.25,"end":1697.79},{"text":"that","start":1698.24,"end":1698.39},{"text":"stands","start":1698.39,"end":1698.87},{"text":"in","start":1698.91,"end":1699.03},{"text":"a","start":1699.04,"end":1699.1},{"text":"relationship","start":1699.11,"end":1699.93},{"text":"of","start":1700.17,"end":1700.32},{"text":"interlocking","start":1700.36,"end":1700.99},{"text":"integrity","start":1701,"end":1701.74},{"text":"with","start":1702.09,"end":1702.25},{"text":"other","start":1702.27,"end":1702.45},{"text":"parts","start":1702.45,"end":1702.83},{"text":"of","start":1702.83,"end":1702.94},{"text":"the","start":1702.95,"end":1703.05},{"text":"draft","start":1703.07,"end":1703.41},{"text":"article","start":1703.41,"end":1703.9},{"text":"articles","start":1703.9,"end":1704.13}]},{"text":"It is for this reason that my delegation welcomes the retention of those procedure provisions and guarantees as part of the draft articles.","start":1705.49,"end":1714.61,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":1705.49,"end":1705.61},{"text":"is","start":1705.63,"end":1705.81},{"text":"for","start":1705.82,"end":1705.96},{"text":"this","start":1705.96,"end":1706.21},{"text":"reason","start":1706.23,"end":1706.67},{"text":"that","start":1706.77,"end":1706.84},{"text":"my","start":1706.85,"end":1707.05},{"text":"delegation","start":1707.05,"end":1707.64},{"text":"welcomes","start":1707.64,"end":1708.31},{"text":"the","start":1708.59,"end":1708.67},{"text":"retention","start":1708.67,"end":1709.33},{"text":"of","start":1709.39,"end":1709.51},{"text":"those","start":1709.52,"end":1709.91},{"text":"procedure","start":1710.03,"end":1710.55},{"text":"provisions","start":1710.56,"end":1711.34},{"text":"and","start":1711.49,"end":1711.59},{"text":"guarantees","start":1711.61,"end":1712.36},{"text":"as","start":1712.8,"end":1712.92},{"text":"part","start":1712.92,"end":1713.27},{"text":"of","start":1713.28,"end":1713.39},{"text":"the","start":1713.4,"end":1713.51},{"text":"draft","start":1713.52,"end":1713.87},{"text":"articles","start":1713.87,"end":1714.61}]},{"text":"In addition, my delegation believes it is essential to secure coherence between the draft articles on crimes against humanity and the present draft articles as regards provisions relating to procedural guarantees.","start":1716.01,"end":1728.21,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":1716.01,"end":1716.14},{"text":"addition","start":1716.14,"end":1716.55},{"text":"my","start":1716.55,"end":1716.68},{"text":"delegation","start":1716.69,"end":1717.18},{"text":"believes","start":1717.18,"end":1717.59},{"text":"it","start":1717.59,"end":1717.71},{"text":"is","start":1717.71,"end":1717.71},{"text":"essential","start":1717.71,"end":1718.43},{"text":"to","start":1718.47,"end":1718.62},{"text":"secure","start":1718.62,"end":1719.03},{"text":"coherence","start":1719.05,"end":1719.84},{"text":"between","start":1720.28,"end":1720.64},{"text":"the","start":1720.65,"end":1720.74},{"text":"draft","start":1720.75,"end":1721.08},{"text":"articles","start":1721.09,"end":1721.52},{"text":"on","start":1721.52,"end":1721.6},{"text":"crimes","start":1721.61,"end":1722.06},{"text":"against","start":1722.06,"end":1722.39},{"text":"humanity","start":1722.39,"end":1723.06},{"text":"and","start":1723.67,"end":1723.77},{"text":"the","start":1723.77,"end":1723.82},{"text":"present","start":1723.82,"end":1724.2},{"text":"draft","start":1724.22,"end":1724.52},{"text":"articles","start":1724.52,"end":1725.09},{"text":"as","start":1725.14,"end":1725.29},{"text":"regards","start":1725.3,"end":1725.79},{"text":"provisions","start":1725.82,"end":1726.4},{"text":"relating","start":1726.42,"end":1726.84},{"text":"to","start":1726.86,"end":1726.95},{"text":"procedural","start":1726.98,"end":1727.49},{"text":"guarantees","start":1727.49,"end":1728.21}]},{"text":"about general principles of law Madam chair my delegation would like to express its gratitude for the excellent work done by the special rapporteur Mr. Marcelo Vazquez Bermudes and the IOC members on this topic.","start":1731.22,"end":1746.03,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"about","start":1731.22,"end":1731.43},{"text":"general","start":1731.46,"end":1731.74},{"text":"principles","start":1731.74,"end":1732.33},{"text":"of","start":1732.33,"end":1732.43},{"text":"law","start":1732.43,"end":1732.74},{"text":"Madam","start":1734.1,"end":1734.38},{"text":"chair","start":1734.38,"end":1734.74},{"text":"my","start":1734.9,"end":1735.17},{"text":"delegation","start":1735.17,"end":1735.72},{"text":"would","start":1735.72,"end":1735.86},{"text":"like","start":1735.86,"end":1736.06},{"text":"to","start":1736.08,"end":1736.15},{"text":"express","start":1736.17,"end":1736.61},{"text":"its","start":1736.63,"end":1736.77},{"text":"gratitude","start":1736.78,"end":1737.44},{"text":"for","start":1737.45,"end":1737.69},{"text":"the","start":1737.7,"end":1737.79},{"text":"excellent","start":1737.9,"end":1738.35},{"text":"work","start":1738.38,"end":1738.7},{"text":"done","start":1739.07,"end":1739.33},{"text":"by","start":1739.33,"end":1739.47},{"text":"the","start":1739.47,"end":1739.57},{"text":"special","start":1739.58,"end":1740},{"text":"rapporteur","start":1740.01,"end":1740.55},{"text":"Mr","start":1740.94,"end":1741.32},{"text":"Marcelo","start":1741.33,"end":1742.04},{"text":"Vazquez","start":1742.3,"end":1742.89},{"text":"Bermudes","start":1743.02,"end":1743.75},{"text":"and","start":1744.07,"end":1744.16},{"text":"the","start":1744.17,"end":1744.26},{"text":"IOC","start":1744.26,"end":1744.7},{"text":"members","start":1744.72,"end":1745.16},{"text":"on","start":1745.16,"end":1745.26},{"text":"this","start":1745.26,"end":1745.45},{"text":"topic","start":1745.48,"end":1746.03}]},{"text":"My delegation welcomes the adoption of draft conclusion and general principles of law and second reading.","start":1747.22,"end":1753.06,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"My","start":1747.22,"end":1747.34},{"text":"delegation","start":1747.35,"end":1747.93},{"text":"welcomes","start":1747.93,"end":1748.49},{"text":"the","start":1748.5,"end":1748.66},{"text":"adoption","start":1748.68,"end":1749.17},{"text":"of","start":1749.17,"end":1749.28},{"text":"draft","start":1749.28,"end":1749.59},{"text":"conclusion","start":1749.61,"end":1750.34},{"text":"and","start":1750.51,"end":1750.62},{"text":"general","start":1750.63,"end":1750.96},{"text":"principles","start":1750.96,"end":1751.52},{"text":"of","start":1751.52,"end":1751.62},{"text":"law","start":1751.62,"end":1751.91},{"text":"and","start":1752.21,"end":1752.32},{"text":"second","start":1752.34,"end":1752.66},{"text":"reading","start":1752.66,"end":1753.06}]},{"text":"We hope that the commission's work will bring greater clarity to this topic.","start":1753.81,"end":1757.66,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":1753.81,"end":1753.94},{"text":"hope","start":1753.94,"end":1754.18},{"text":"that","start":1754.22,"end":1754.38},{"text":"the","start":1754.41,"end":1754.47},{"text":"commission's","start":1754.48,"end":1754.97},{"text":"work","start":1755.02,"end":1755.22},{"text":"will","start":1755.22,"end":1755.35},{"text":"bring","start":1755.38,"end":1755.59},{"text":"greater","start":1755.65,"end":1756.06},{"text":"clarity","start":1756.06,"end":1756.77},{"text":"to","start":1756.78,"end":1756.94},{"text":"this","start":1756.94,"end":1757.14},{"text":"topic","start":1757.14,"end":1757.66}]},{"text":"Considering the key question of the existence of the second category of general principles of law, my delegation could maintain its openness to the category subject to the following conditions first, the existence of the second category need to be proven convincingly by state practice jurisprudence and doctrine.","start":1759.86,"end":1782.82,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"Considering","start":1759.86,"end":1760.42},{"text":"the","start":1760.43,"end":1760.52},{"text":"key","start":1760.52,"end":1760.9},{"text":"question","start":1760.93,"end":1761.5},{"text":"of","start":1761.5,"end":1761.63},{"text":"the","start":1761.66,"end":1761.7},{"text":"existence","start":1761.71,"end":1762.41},{"text":"of","start":1762.41,"end":1762.52},{"text":"the","start":1762.54,"end":1762.65},{"text":"second","start":1762.65,"end":1763},{"text":"category","start":1763.02,"end":1763.62},{"text":"of","start":1763.73,"end":1763.86},{"text":"general","start":1763.86,"end":1764.2},{"text":"principles","start":1764.2,"end":1764.73},{"text":"of","start":1764.73,"end":1764.83},{"text":"law","start":1764.84,"end":1765.11},{"text":"my","start":1766.16,"end":1766.43},{"text":"delegation","start":1766.44,"end":1767.06},{"text":"could","start":1767.07,"end":1767.22},{"text":"maintain","start":1767.24,"end":1767.87},{"text":"its","start":1767.97,"end":1768.16},{"text":"openness","start":1768.22,"end":1768.89},{"text":"to","start":1769.06,"end":1769.2},{"text":"the","start":1769.21,"end":1769.28},{"text":"category","start":1769.29,"end":1769.93},{"text":"subject","start":1771.02,"end":1771.5},{"text":"to","start":1771.5,"end":1771.81},{"text":"the","start":1771.9,"end":1772},{"text":"following","start":1772,"end":1772.37},{"text":"conditions","start":1772.38,"end":1773.1},{"text":"first","start":1774.23,"end":1774.74},{"text":"the","start":1775.14,"end":1775.44},{"text":"existence","start":1775.53,"end":1776.28},{"text":"of","start":1776.33,"end":1776.44},{"text":"the","start":1776.5,"end":1776.58},{"text":"second","start":1776.58,"end":1777.01},{"text":"category","start":1777.02,"end":1777.64},{"text":"need","start":1777.66,"end":1777.84},{"text":"to","start":1777.9,"end":1777.98},{"text":"be","start":1777.99,"end":1778.1},{"text":"proven","start":1778.1,"end":1778.54},{"text":"convincingly","start":1778.54,"end":1779.47},{"text":"by","start":1779.47,"end":1779.68},{"text":"state","start":1779.69,"end":1780.02},{"text":"practice","start":1780.02,"end":1780.61},{"text":"jurisprudence","start":1781.1,"end":1781.1},{"text":"and","start":1782.18,"end":1782.29},{"text":"doctrine","start":1782.3,"end":1782.82}]},{"text":"Secondly, the second category should be more clearly delineated from the principles of customary international law.","start":1784.62,"end":1791.98,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"Secondly","start":1784.62,"end":1785.23},{"text":"the","start":1785.3,"end":1785.45},{"text":"second","start":1785.45,"end":1785.76},{"text":"category","start":1785.76,"end":1786.3},{"text":"should","start":1786.3,"end":1786.56},{"text":"be","start":1786.57,"end":1786.66},{"text":"more","start":1786.66,"end":1786.97},{"text":"clearly","start":1786.97,"end":1787.68},{"text":"delineated","start":1787.69,"end":1788.55},{"text":"from","start":1788.76,"end":1789.09},{"text":"the","start":1789.09,"end":1789.17},{"text":"principles","start":1789.18,"end":1789.87},{"text":"of","start":1789.95,"end":1790.1},{"text":"customary","start":1790.1,"end":1790.85},{"text":"international","start":1790.89,"end":1791.62},{"text":"law","start":1791.62,"end":1791.98}]},{"text":"Thirdly, my delegation is sympathetic to the often expressed view that the examples used as falling under the second category of general principles of law do not appear to fit the relevant provisions such as draft conclusion 3B and draft conclusion 71.","start":1793.66,"end":1812.09,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"Thirdly","start":1793.66,"end":1794.18},{"text":"my","start":1794.22,"end":1794.47},{"text":"delegation","start":1794.47,"end":1794.47},{"text":"is","start":1795.14,"end":1795.22},{"text":"sympathetic","start":1795.22,"end":1795.97},{"text":"to","start":1795.98,"end":1796.19},{"text":"the","start":1796.19,"end":1796.34},{"text":"often","start":1796.38,"end":1796.8},{"text":"expressed","start":1796.83,"end":1797.34},{"text":"view","start":1797.35,"end":1797.76},{"text":"that","start":1798.26,"end":1798.53},{"text":"the","start":1798.58,"end":1798.7},{"text":"examples","start":1798.7,"end":1799.38},{"text":"used","start":1799.43,"end":1799.94},{"text":"as","start":1799.98,"end":1800.06},{"text":"falling","start":1800.09,"end":1800.53},{"text":"under","start":1800.58,"end":1800.94},{"text":"the","start":1800.99,"end":1801.08},{"text":"second","start":1801.08,"end":1801.45},{"text":"category","start":1801.45,"end":1802.09},{"text":"of","start":1802.13,"end":1802.23},{"text":"general","start":1802.24,"end":1802.58},{"text":"principles","start":1802.61,"end":1803.14},{"text":"of","start":1803.14,"end":1803.23},{"text":"law","start":1803.23,"end":1803.5},{"text":"do","start":1804.22,"end":1804.37},{"text":"not","start":1804.38,"end":1804.7},{"text":"appear","start":1804.78,"end":1805.1},{"text":"to","start":1805.1,"end":1805.22},{"text":"fit","start":1805.22,"end":1805.51},{"text":"the","start":1805.54,"end":1805.59},{"text":"relevant","start":1805.62,"end":1806.13},{"text":"provisions","start":1806.14,"end":1806.86},{"text":"such","start":1807.33,"end":1807.67},{"text":"as","start":1807.67,"end":1807.85},{"text":"draft","start":1807.86,"end":1808.27},{"text":"conclusion","start":1808.29,"end":1808.86},{"text":"3B","start":1808.9,"end":1809.46},{"text":"and","start":1810.14,"end":1810.28},{"text":"draft","start":1810.28,"end":1810.67},{"text":"conclusion","start":1810.68,"end":1811.3},{"text":"71","start":1811.31,"end":1812.09}]},{"text":"Next we would like to address the ramification of the existence of the second category of general principles of law for the other draft conclusions, especially draft conclusion ten and 11 given the substantial difference between the first and the second category of general principles of law in terms of their formative process and function if the existence of the second is admitted then draft conclusion ten and 11 needs to be formulated in a way that reflects these differences between.","start":1815.08,"end":1846.89,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"Next","start":1815.08,"end":1815.41},{"text":"we","start":1815.42,"end":1815.54},{"text":"would","start":1815.54,"end":1815.76},{"text":"like","start":1815.76,"end":1815.95},{"text":"to","start":1816.02,"end":1816.09},{"text":"address","start":1816.09,"end":1816.49},{"text":"the","start":1816.5,"end":1816.58},{"text":"ramification","start":1816.62,"end":1817.43},{"text":"of","start":1817.49,"end":1817.59},{"text":"the","start":1817.63,"end":1817.7},{"text":"existence","start":1817.7,"end":1818.44},{"text":"of","start":1818.44,"end":1818.56},{"text":"the","start":1818.59,"end":1818.66},{"text":"second","start":1818.66,"end":1819.04},{"text":"category","start":1819.04,"end":1819.62},{"text":"of","start":1819.66,"end":1819.78},{"text":"general","start":1819.81,"end":1820.1},{"text":"principles","start":1820.11,"end":1820.66},{"text":"of","start":1820.66,"end":1820.78},{"text":"law","start":1820.8,"end":1821.08},{"text":"for","start":1821.34,"end":1821.62},{"text":"the","start":1821.62,"end":1821.79},{"text":"other","start":1821.86,"end":1822.11},{"text":"draft","start":1822.14,"end":1822.43},{"text":"conclusions","start":1822.45,"end":1823.17},{"text":"especially","start":1823.31,"end":1824.01},{"text":"draft","start":1824.03,"end":1824.3},{"text":"conclusion","start":1824.31,"end":1824.86},{"text":"ten","start":1824.86,"end":1825.31},{"text":"and","start":1825.41,"end":1825.56},{"text":"11","start":1825.57,"end":1826.04},{"text":"given","start":1827.38,"end":1827.77},{"text":"the","start":1827.78,"end":1827.87},{"text":"substantial","start":1827.89,"end":1828.58},{"text":"difference","start":1828.58,"end":1829.11},{"text":"between","start":1829.18,"end":1829.5},{"text":"the","start":1829.5,"end":1829.55},{"text":"first","start":1829.56,"end":1829.98},{"text":"and","start":1829.99,"end":1830.12},{"text":"the","start":1830.14,"end":1830.21},{"text":"second","start":1830.21,"end":1830.6},{"text":"category","start":1830.6,"end":1831.16},{"text":"of","start":1831.21,"end":1831.34},{"text":"general","start":1831.34,"end":1831.34},{"text":"principles","start":1831.34,"end":1832.25},{"text":"of","start":1832.25,"end":1832.36},{"text":"law","start":1832.38,"end":1832.65},{"text":"in","start":1833.11,"end":1833.22},{"text":"terms","start":1833.23,"end":1833.72},{"text":"of","start":1833.72,"end":1833.8},{"text":"their","start":1833.82,"end":1833.94},{"text":"formative","start":1833.98,"end":1834.46},{"text":"process","start":1834.5,"end":1835.12},{"text":"and","start":1835.18,"end":1835.35},{"text":"function","start":1835.35,"end":1835.92},{"text":"if","start":1837.1,"end":1837.27},{"text":"the","start":1837.31,"end":1837.42},{"text":"existence","start":1837.45,"end":1838.2},{"text":"of","start":1838.2,"end":1838.33},{"text":"the","start":1838.34,"end":1838.44},{"text":"second","start":1838.44,"end":1838.94},{"text":"is","start":1838.94,"end":1839.13},{"text":"admitted","start":1839.13,"end":1839.74},{"text":"then","start":1840.38,"end":1840.62},{"text":"draft","start":1840.62,"end":1840.9},{"text":"conclusion","start":1840.92,"end":1841.41},{"text":"ten","start":1841.42,"end":1841.79},{"text":"and","start":1841.87,"end":1841.87},{"text":"11","start":1841.87,"end":1842.5},{"text":"needs","start":1842.54,"end":1842.79},{"text":"to","start":1842.82,"end":1842.89},{"text":"be","start":1842.9,"end":1843.02},{"text":"formulated","start":1843.03,"end":1843.91},{"text":"in","start":1843.97,"end":1844.07},{"text":"a","start":1844.07,"end":1844.1},{"text":"way","start":1844.1,"end":1844.46},{"text":"that","start":1844.82,"end":1844.97},{"text":"reflects","start":1844.99,"end":1845.51},{"text":"these","start":1845.54,"end":1845.86},{"text":"differences","start":1845.9,"end":1846.46},{"text":"between","start":1846.5,"end":1846.89}]},{"text":"the two.","start":1846.9,"end":1847.38,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"the","start":1846.9,"end":1847},{"text":"two","start":1847,"end":1847.38}]},{"text":"Due to time constraints, I will submit the rest of my statement in writing and conclude here.","start":1849.42,"end":1854.19,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Due","start":1849.42,"end":1849.6},{"text":"to","start":1849.61,"end":1849.77},{"text":"time","start":1849.78,"end":1850.09},{"text":"constraints","start":1850.09,"end":1850.75},{"text":"I","start":1850.82,"end":1850.9},{"text":"will","start":1850.9,"end":1851.02},{"text":"submit","start":1851.02,"end":1851.36},{"text":"the","start":1851.38,"end":1851.46},{"text":"rest","start":1851.46,"end":1851.81},{"text":"of","start":1851.81,"end":1851.87},{"text":"my","start":1851.87,"end":1852.03},{"text":"statement","start":1852.03,"end":1852.52},{"text":"in","start":1852.57,"end":1852.72},{"text":"writing","start":1852.73,"end":1853.21},{"text":"and","start":1853.21,"end":1853.44},{"text":"conclude","start":1853.44,"end":1853.9},{"text":"here","start":1853.9,"end":1854.19}]},{"text":"Thank you.","start":1854.54,"end":1854.95,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":1854.54,"end":1854.77},{"text":"you","start":1854.77,"end":1854.95}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"KOR","group":null,"function":null,"affiliation_full":"Republic of Korea"}},{"statement_number":10,"start":1856.09,"pageUrl":"/zh/ga/c6/81/30?lang=floor&t=30:57","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank the distinguished representative of the Republic of Korea for her statement.","start":1856.09,"end":1860.83,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":1856.09,"end":1856.23},{"text":"thank","start":1856.23,"end":1856.5},{"text":"the","start":1856.54,"end":1856.64},{"text":"distinguished","start":1856.64,"end":1857.23},{"text":"representative","start":1857.26,"end":1858.05},{"text":"of","start":1858.05,"end":1858.17},{"text":"the","start":1858.18,"end":1858.26},{"text":"Republic","start":1858.26,"end":1858.91},{"text":"of","start":1858.94,"end":1859.14},{"text":"Korea","start":1859.14,"end":1859.64},{"text":"for","start":1859.66,"end":1859.89},{"text":"her","start":1859.91,"end":1860.1},{"text":"statement","start":1860.12,"end":1860.83}]},{"text":"And I give the floor to the Distinguished Representative of Canada.","start":1860.86,"end":1864.1,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":1860.86,"end":1860.95},{"text":"I","start":1860.95,"end":1861.04},{"text":"give","start":1861.04,"end":1861.22},{"text":"the","start":1861.22,"end":1861.33},{"text":"floor","start":1861.33,"end":1861.73},{"text":"to","start":1861.73,"end":1861.9},{"text":"the","start":1861.9,"end":1862.01},{"text":"Distinguished","start":1862.01,"end":1862.58},{"text":"Representative","start":1862.58,"end":1863.39},{"text":"of","start":1863.39,"end":1863.55},{"text":"Canada","start":1863.56,"end":1864.1}]},{"text":"You have the floor.","start":1864.24,"end":1864.93,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"You","start":1864.24,"end":1864.39},{"text":"have","start":1864.41,"end":1864.57},{"text":"the","start":1864.58,"end":1864.67},{"text":"floor","start":1864.68,"end":1864.93}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"6th Committee","group":null,"function":"Chair","affiliation_full":"6th Committee"}},{"statement_number":11,"start":1873.51,"pageUrl":"/zh/ga/c6/81/30?lang=floor&t=31:14","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"My microphone for Canada,","start":1873.51,"end":1873.81,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"My","start":1873.51,"end":1873.51},{"text":"microphone","start":1873.51,"end":1873.51},{"text":"for","start":1873.51,"end":1873.59},{"text":"Canada","start":1873.66,"end":1873.81}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":null,"group":null,"function":null,"affiliation_full":null}},{"statement_number":12,"start":1874.37,"pageUrl":"/zh/ga/c6/81/30?lang=floor&t=31:15","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Please.","start":1874.37,"end":1877.83,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Please","start":1874.37,"end":1877.83}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"6th Committee","group":null,"function":"Chair","affiliation_full":"6th Committee"}},{"statement_number":13,"start":1888.66,"pageUrl":"/zh/ga/c6/81/30?lang=floor&t=31:29","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you Chair.","start":1888.66,"end":1889.33,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":1888.66,"end":1888.88},{"text":"you","start":1888.88,"end":1888.94},{"text":"Chair","start":1888.95,"end":1889.33}]},{"text":"Let me begin this intervention on the report of the ILC by reiterating Canada's appreciation for the commission's historical and ongoing contributions to the codification and progressive development of international law.","start":1890.17,"end":1904.34,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Let","start":1890.17,"end":1890.31},{"text":"me","start":1890.31,"end":1890.46},{"text":"begin","start":1890.66,"end":1891.02},{"text":"this","start":1891.02,"end":1891.21},{"text":"intervention","start":1891.23,"end":1891.82},{"text":"on","start":1891.84,"end":1891.97},{"text":"the","start":1891.97,"end":1892.02},{"text":"report","start":1892.03,"end":1892.49},{"text":"of","start":1892.54,"end":1892.62},{"text":"the","start":1892.62,"end":1892.78},{"text":"ILC","start":1892.79,"end":1893.54},{"text":"by","start":1893.98,"end":1894.18},{"text":"reiterating","start":1894.19,"end":1895.1},{"text":"Canada's","start":1895.1,"end":1895.54},{"text":"appreciation","start":1895.54,"end":1896.37},{"text":"for","start":1896.37,"end":1896.5},{"text":"the","start":1896.5,"end":1896.58},{"text":"commission's","start":1896.58,"end":1897.31},{"text":"historical","start":1897.38,"end":1898.21},{"text":"and","start":1898.26,"end":1898.38},{"text":"ongoing","start":1898.45,"end":1898.7},{"text":"contributions","start":1899.11,"end":1900.14},{"text":"to","start":1900.49,"end":1900.62},{"text":"the","start":1900.62,"end":1900.74},{"text":"codification","start":1900.74,"end":1901.73},{"text":"and","start":1901.78,"end":1901.89},{"text":"progressive","start":1901.9,"end":1902.49},{"text":"development","start":1902.49,"end":1903.12},{"text":"of","start":1903.19,"end":1903.33},{"text":"international","start":1903.33,"end":1903.99},{"text":"law","start":1903.99,"end":1904.34}]},{"text":"We thank each commission member and other staff who support their work for their efforts efforts and dedication.","start":1905.25,"end":1911.5,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":1905.25,"end":1905.38},{"text":"thank","start":1905.38,"end":1905.84},{"text":"each","start":1905.89,"end":1906.18},{"text":"commission","start":1906.19,"end":1906.62},{"text":"member","start":1906.65,"end":1907.09},{"text":"and","start":1907.28,"end":1907.4},{"text":"other","start":1907.45,"end":1907.68},{"text":"staff","start":1907.68,"end":1908.12},{"text":"who","start":1908.13,"end":1908.25},{"text":"support","start":1908.25,"end":1908.73},{"text":"their","start":1908.77,"end":1908.94},{"text":"work","start":1908.94,"end":1909.3},{"text":"for","start":1909.33,"end":1909.49},{"text":"their","start":1909.49,"end":1909.65},{"text":"efforts","start":1910.26,"end":1910.26},{"text":"efforts","start":1910.26,"end":1910.66},{"text":"and","start":1910.7,"end":1910.81},{"text":"dedication","start":1910.81,"end":1911.5}]},{"text":"Turning to the cluster one topics Canada congratulates the IOC and special rapporteur concepcion escobar Hernandez for finalizing the draft articles on immunity of state officials from foreign criminal jurisdiction.","start":1913.14,"end":1928.29,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Turning","start":1913.14,"end":1913.45},{"text":"to","start":1913.47,"end":1913.56},{"text":"the","start":1913.57,"end":1913.66},{"text":"cluster","start":1913.66,"end":1914.07},{"text":"one","start":1914.07,"end":1914.3},{"text":"topics","start":1914.3,"end":1915.02},{"text":"Canada","start":1915.5,"end":1915.92},{"text":"congratulates","start":1915.92,"end":1916.9},{"text":"the","start":1916.93,"end":1917.03},{"text":"IOC","start":1917.05,"end":1917.69},{"text":"and","start":1917.77,"end":1917.89},{"text":"special","start":1917.9,"end":1918.33},{"text":"rapporteur","start":1918.33,"end":1919.01},{"text":"concepcion","start":1919.29,"end":1920.08},{"text":"escobar","start":1920.17,"end":1920.84},{"text":"Hernandez","start":1920.93,"end":1921.73},{"text":"for","start":1922.25,"end":1922.44},{"text":"finalizing","start":1922.45,"end":1923.29},{"text":"the","start":1923.3,"end":1923.38},{"text":"draft","start":1923.39,"end":1923.73},{"text":"articles","start":1923.74,"end":1924.37},{"text":"on","start":1924.41,"end":1924.67},{"text":"immunity","start":1924.75,"end":1925.23},{"text":"of","start":1925.23,"end":1925.34},{"text":"state","start":1925.34,"end":1925.69},{"text":"officials","start":1925.73,"end":1926.36},{"text":"from","start":1926.45,"end":1926.65},{"text":"foreign","start":1926.67,"end":1927.02},{"text":"criminal","start":1927.02,"end":1927.52},{"text":"jurisdiction","start":1927.52,"end":1928.29}]},{"text":"Indeed, this topic has been on the ILC's program of work for the last 21 years, attracting significant interest and vigorous debate in the international community.","start":1929.41,"end":1940.52,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Indeed","start":1929.41,"end":1929.8},{"text":"this","start":1929.84,"end":1930.04},{"text":"topic","start":1930.04,"end":1930.5},{"text":"has","start":1930.5,"end":1930.63},{"text":"been","start":1930.63,"end":1930.93},{"text":"on","start":1931.01,"end":1931.15},{"text":"the","start":1931.15,"end":1931.25},{"text":"ILC's","start":1931.29,"end":1931.97},{"text":"program","start":1931.98,"end":1932.49},{"text":"of","start":1932.49,"end":1932.63},{"text":"work","start":1932.63,"end":1932.85},{"text":"for","start":1932.85,"end":1932.97},{"text":"the","start":1932.97,"end":1933.08},{"text":"last","start":1933.09,"end":1933.38},{"text":"21","start":1933.44,"end":1933.96},{"text":"years","start":1934.3,"end":1934.84},{"text":"attracting","start":1935.48,"end":1936.02},{"text":"significant","start":1936.03,"end":1936.66},{"text":"interest","start":1936.69,"end":1937.24},{"text":"and","start":1937.33,"end":1937.45},{"text":"vigorous","start":1937.48,"end":1937.48},{"text":"debate","start":1937.94,"end":1938.36},{"text":"in","start":1939.19,"end":1939.29},{"text":"the","start":1939.29,"end":1939.41},{"text":"international","start":1939.42,"end":1939.92},{"text":"community","start":1939.93,"end":1940.52}]},{"text":"Debate on this topic is not surprising as it strikes at at the difficult and fundamental questions as to the balance between accountability for crimes and respect for sovereign equality.","start":1941.77,"end":1954.32,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Debate","start":1941.77,"end":1942.17},{"text":"on","start":1942.21,"end":1942.33},{"text":"this","start":1942.33,"end":1942.51},{"text":"topic","start":1942.52,"end":1942.9},{"text":"is","start":1942.9,"end":1943.02},{"text":"not","start":1943.02,"end":1943.23},{"text":"surprising","start":1943.23,"end":1943.93},{"text":"as","start":1944.25,"end":1944.4},{"text":"it","start":1944.4,"end":1944.49},{"text":"strikes","start":1944.49,"end":1945.15},{"text":"at","start":1945.28,"end":1945.42},{"text":"at","start":1946.27,"end":1946.46},{"text":"the","start":1946.49,"end":1946.57},{"text":"difficult","start":1946.58,"end":1947.22},{"text":"and","start":1947.33,"end":1947.49},{"text":"fundamental","start":1947.49,"end":1948.09},{"text":"questions","start":1948.09,"end":1948.89},{"text":"as","start":1949.37,"end":1949.54},{"text":"to","start":1949.56,"end":1949.67},{"text":"the","start":1949.67,"end":1949.74},{"text":"balance","start":1949.74,"end":1950.42},{"text":"between","start":1950.42,"end":1950.42},{"text":"accountability","start":1951.1,"end":1951.83},{"text":"for","start":1951.85,"end":1951.99},{"text":"crimes","start":1952,"end":1952.59},{"text":"and","start":1952.68,"end":1952.79},{"text":"respect","start":1952.79,"end":1953.17},{"text":"for","start":1953.21,"end":1953.33},{"text":"sovereign","start":1953.33,"end":1953.73},{"text":"equality","start":1953.73,"end":1954.32}]},{"text":"As many here are aware, draft article six, formally draft article seven, which lists the international crimes for which functional immunity shall not apply, has been the subject of considerable debate, even opposition in the sixth committee.","start":1955.85,"end":1970.51,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":1955.85,"end":1956.04},{"text":"many","start":1956.04,"end":1956.32},{"text":"here","start":1956.33,"end":1956.61},{"text":"are","start":1956.65,"end":1956.65},{"text":"aware","start":1956.65,"end":1957.25},{"text":"draft","start":1957.43,"end":1957.76},{"text":"article","start":1957.76,"end":1958.08},{"text":"six","start":1958.08,"end":1958.66},{"text":"formally","start":1958.77,"end":1959.15},{"text":"draft","start":1959.17,"end":1959.43},{"text":"article","start":1959.44,"end":1959.7},{"text":"seven","start":1959.72,"end":1960.14},{"text":"which","start":1960.85,"end":1961.11},{"text":"lists","start":1961.12,"end":1961.53},{"text":"the","start":1961.54,"end":1961.7},{"text":"international","start":1961.71,"end":1962.3},{"text":"crimes","start":1962.31,"end":1962.86},{"text":"for","start":1962.87,"end":1963.15},{"text":"which","start":1963.16,"end":1963.46},{"text":"functional","start":1963.52,"end":1963.52},{"text":"immunity","start":1963.93,"end":1964.37},{"text":"shall","start":1964.37,"end":1964.61},{"text":"not","start":1964.62,"end":1964.83},{"text":"apply","start":1964.83,"end":1965.37},{"text":"has","start":1965.93,"end":1966.12},{"text":"been","start":1966.13,"end":1966.34},{"text":"the","start":1966.35,"end":1966.42},{"text":"subject","start":1966.42,"end":1966.9},{"text":"of","start":1966.9,"end":1966.99},{"text":"considerable","start":1966.99,"end":1967.66},{"text":"debate","start":1967.66,"end":1968.19},{"text":"even","start":1968.53,"end":1968.81},{"text":"opposition","start":1968.85,"end":1969.52},{"text":"in","start":1969.58,"end":1969.72},{"text":"the","start":1969.73,"end":1969.78},{"text":"sixth","start":1969.78,"end":1970.12},{"text":"committee","start":1970.12,"end":1970.51}]},{"text":"Canada continues to be of the view that at least some aspects of what is now drafted draft article six reflect the ILC's mandate for the progressive development of law.","start":1971.93,"end":1982.58,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Canada","start":1971.93,"end":1972.39},{"text":"continues","start":1972.41,"end":1973.01},{"text":"to","start":1973.01,"end":1973.09},{"text":"be","start":1973.09,"end":1973.27},{"text":"of","start":1973.27,"end":1973.37},{"text":"the","start":1973.37,"end":1973.45},{"text":"view","start":1973.45,"end":1973.99},{"text":"that","start":1974.09,"end":1974.23},{"text":"at","start":1974.23,"end":1974.32},{"text":"least","start":1974.36,"end":1974.73},{"text":"some","start":1974.75,"end":1975.14},{"text":"aspects","start":1975.21,"end":1975.91},{"text":"of","start":1976.01,"end":1976.13},{"text":"what","start":1976.13,"end":1976.29},{"text":"is","start":1976.29,"end":1976.41},{"text":"now","start":1976.41,"end":1976.65},{"text":"drafted","start":1976.66,"end":1976.66},{"text":"draft","start":1976.67,"end":1976.97},{"text":"article","start":1976.97,"end":1977.34},{"text":"six","start":1977.37,"end":1977.83},{"text":"reflect","start":1978.36,"end":1978.86},{"text":"the","start":1978.89,"end":1979.01},{"text":"ILC's","start":1979.09,"end":1979.6},{"text":"mandate","start":1979.61,"end":1980.14},{"text":"for","start":1980.15,"end":1980.3},{"text":"the","start":1980.3,"end":1980.42},{"text":"progressive","start":1980.43,"end":1981.29},{"text":"development","start":1981.37,"end":1981.97},{"text":"of","start":1982.05,"end":1982.23},{"text":"law","start":1982.23,"end":1982.58}]},{"text":"And we refer to our statement last year on this point.","start":1983.26,"end":1986.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":1983.26,"end":1983.37},{"text":"we","start":1983.37,"end":1983.49},{"text":"refer","start":1983.49,"end":1983.84},{"text":"to","start":1983.85,"end":1983.96},{"text":"our","start":1983.99,"end":1984.1},{"text":"statement","start":1984.1,"end":1984.57},{"text":"last","start":1984.59,"end":1984.94},{"text":"year","start":1984.94,"end":1985.21},{"text":"on","start":1985.65,"end":1985.81},{"text":"this","start":1985.81,"end":1985.98},{"text":"point","start":1986,"end":1986.43}]},{"text":"While relevant state practice indicates that certain serious crimes of international concern, such as genocide, crimes against humanity, and war crimes, may be recognized as customary exceptions to functional immunity.","start":1987.61,"end":2001.53,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"While","start":1987.61,"end":1987.94},{"text":"relevant","start":1987.94,"end":1988.41},{"text":"state","start":1988.41,"end":1988.7},{"text":"practice","start":1988.74,"end":1989.41},{"text":"indicates","start":1989.41,"end":1989.41},{"text":"that","start":1990.05,"end":1990.18},{"text":"certain","start":1990.19,"end":1990.62},{"text":"serious","start":1990.64,"end":1991.06},{"text":"crimes","start":1991.08,"end":1991.58},{"text":"of","start":1991.61,"end":1991.77},{"text":"international","start":1991.77,"end":1992.35},{"text":"concern","start":1992.35,"end":1992.97},{"text":"such","start":1993.41,"end":1993.71},{"text":"as","start":1993.71,"end":1993.84},{"text":"genocide","start":1993.85,"end":1994.62},{"text":"crimes","start":1994.66,"end":1995.05},{"text":"against","start":1995.05,"end":1995.38},{"text":"humanity","start":1995.41,"end":1996.01},{"text":"and","start":1996.09,"end":1996.2},{"text":"war","start":1996.2,"end":1996.44},{"text":"crimes","start":1996.45,"end":1997.03},{"text":"may","start":1997.75,"end":1997.95},{"text":"be","start":1997.95,"end":1998.12},{"text":"recognized","start":1998.13,"end":1998.84},{"text":"as","start":1998.87,"end":1999.02},{"text":"customary","start":1999.03,"end":1999.69},{"text":"exceptions","start":1999.69,"end":2000.34},{"text":"to","start":2000.34,"end":2000.46},{"text":"functional","start":2000.48,"end":2000.93},{"text":"immunity","start":2000.93,"end":2001.53}]},{"text":"Other crimes more recently added to the draft article do not appear to be supported to the same extent.","start":2002.48,"end":2008.33,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Other","start":2002.48,"end":2002.69},{"text":"crimes","start":2002.7,"end":2002.88},{"text":"more","start":2003.17,"end":2003.35},{"text":"recently","start":2003.37,"end":2003.86},{"text":"added","start":2003.89,"end":2004.18},{"text":"to","start":2004.18,"end":2004.29},{"text":"the","start":2004.29,"end":2004.29},{"text":"draft","start":2004.29,"end":2004.81},{"text":"article","start":2004.81,"end":2005.36},{"text":"do","start":2005.54,"end":2005.68},{"text":"not","start":2005.69,"end":2005.91},{"text":"appear","start":2005.91,"end":2006.21},{"text":"to","start":2006.22,"end":2006.31},{"text":"be","start":2006.31,"end":2006.44},{"text":"supported","start":2006.44,"end":2007.14},{"text":"to","start":2007.25,"end":2007.38},{"text":"the","start":2007.38,"end":2007.48},{"text":"same","start":2007.49,"end":2007.8},{"text":"extent","start":2007.8,"end":2008.33}]},{"text":"Because customary law is anchored in state practice and opinio juris, Canada understands these as proposals from the ILC to progressively develop international law on the matter of exceptions to functional immunity.","start":2009.89,"end":2023.59,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Because","start":2009.89,"end":2010.25},{"text":"customary","start":2010.26,"end":2010.83},{"text":"law","start":2010.85,"end":2011.1},{"text":"is","start":2011.12,"end":2011.28},{"text":"anchored","start":2011.34,"end":2011.73},{"text":"in","start":2011.81,"end":2011.9},{"text":"state","start":2011.9,"end":2012.17},{"text":"practice","start":2012.21,"end":2012.84},{"text":"and","start":2012.91,"end":2013.01},{"text":"opinio","start":2013.01,"end":2013.41},{"text":"juris","start":2013.41,"end":2013.94},{"text":"Canada","start":2014.71,"end":2015.07},{"text":"understands","start":2015.09,"end":2015.87},{"text":"these","start":2015.93,"end":2016.21},{"text":"as","start":2016.22,"end":2016.37},{"text":"proposals","start":2016.37,"end":2016.97},{"text":"from","start":2016.97,"end":2017.14},{"text":"the","start":2017.15,"end":2017.24},{"text":"ILC","start":2017.29,"end":2017.77},{"text":"to","start":2018.41,"end":2018.53},{"text":"progressively","start":2018.53,"end":2019.32},{"text":"develop","start":2019.32,"end":2019.81},{"text":"international","start":2019.85,"end":2020.41},{"text":"law","start":2020.41,"end":2020.78},{"text":"on","start":2021.09,"end":2021.22},{"text":"the","start":2021.22,"end":2021.29},{"text":"matter","start":2021.29,"end":2021.69},{"text":"of","start":2021.73,"end":2021.88},{"text":"exceptions","start":2021.88,"end":2022.56},{"text":"to","start":2022.57,"end":2022.63},{"text":"functional","start":2022.63,"end":2023.05},{"text":"immunity","start":2023.05,"end":2023.59}]},{"text":"Canada will carefully examine these proposals while noting that a cautious approach is needed that adequately considers views and concerns expressed by states Canada welcomes the ILC's work in developing procedural provisions and safeguards under part four of the draft articles.","start":2024.85,"end":2041.64,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Canada","start":2024.85,"end":2025.27},{"text":"will","start":2025.28,"end":2025.45},{"text":"carefully","start":2025.45,"end":2025.93},{"text":"examine","start":2025.93,"end":2026.38},{"text":"these","start":2026.38,"end":2026.57},{"text":"proposals","start":2026.57,"end":2027.27},{"text":"while","start":2027.34,"end":2027.58},{"text":"noting","start":2027.58,"end":2027.97},{"text":"that","start":2027.97,"end":2028.09},{"text":"a","start":2028.09,"end":2028.15},{"text":"cautious","start":2028.17,"end":2028.66},{"text":"approach","start":2028.66,"end":2028.66},{"text":"is","start":2029.13,"end":2029.27},{"text":"needed","start":2029.28,"end":2029.7},{"text":"that","start":2029.81,"end":2029.96},{"text":"adequately","start":2029.96,"end":2030.59},{"text":"considers","start":2030.59,"end":2031.16},{"text":"views","start":2031.16,"end":2031.58},{"text":"and","start":2031.61,"end":2031.74},{"text":"concerns","start":2031.77,"end":2032.41},{"text":"expressed","start":2032.42,"end":2032.89},{"text":"by","start":2032.93,"end":2033.06},{"text":"states","start":2033.07,"end":2033.57},{"text":"Canada","start":2034.99,"end":2035.39},{"text":"welcomes","start":2035.39,"end":2035.88},{"text":"the","start":2035.88,"end":2035.97},{"text":"ILC's","start":2036.02,"end":2036.57},{"text":"work","start":2036.59,"end":2036.96},{"text":"in","start":2037.01,"end":2037.16},{"text":"developing","start":2037.16,"end":2037.76},{"text":"procedural","start":2037.77,"end":2038.32},{"text":"provisions","start":2038.32,"end":2038.9},{"text":"and","start":2038.9,"end":2039},{"text":"safeguards","start":2039.01,"end":2039.65},{"text":"under","start":2039.66,"end":2039.9},{"text":"part","start":2039.9,"end":2040.21},{"text":"four","start":2040.26,"end":2040.57},{"text":"of","start":2040.57,"end":2040.65},{"text":"the","start":2040.69,"end":2040.75},{"text":"draft","start":2040.75,"end":2041.06},{"text":"articles","start":2041.06,"end":2041.64}]},{"text":"safeguards to protect against potential abuse are needed on a matter as delicate as the exercise of criminal jurisdiction over another state's official.","start":2042.34,"end":2051.51,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"safeguards","start":2042.34,"end":2042.97},{"text":"to","start":2042.97,"end":2043.07},{"text":"protect","start":2043.71,"end":2044.18},{"text":"against","start":2044.25,"end":2044.57},{"text":"potential","start":2044.61,"end":2045.05},{"text":"abuse","start":2045.05,"end":2045.51},{"text":"are","start":2045.54,"end":2045.66},{"text":"needed","start":2045.66,"end":2046.15},{"text":"on","start":2046.45,"end":2046.6},{"text":"a","start":2046.6,"end":2046.65},{"text":"matter","start":2046.65,"end":2047.01},{"text":"as","start":2047.01,"end":2047.15},{"text":"delicate","start":2047.17,"end":2047.65},{"text":"as","start":2047.7,"end":2047.85},{"text":"the","start":2047.85,"end":2047.97},{"text":"exercise","start":2048.02,"end":2048.61},{"text":"of","start":2048.61,"end":2048.69},{"text":"criminal","start":2048.69,"end":2049.15},{"text":"jurisdiction","start":2049.16,"end":2050.01},{"text":"over","start":2050.08,"end":2050.33},{"text":"another","start":2050.33,"end":2050.65},{"text":"state's","start":2050.66,"end":2051.06},{"text":"official","start":2051.06,"end":2051.51}]},{"text":"While Canada considers that certain procedural provisions outlined are helpful, some articles would benefit from further reflection, for example, article 13 on determination of immunity.","start":2052.42,"end":2064.31,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"While","start":2052.42,"end":2052.61},{"text":"Canada","start":2052.61,"end":2053.04},{"text":"considers","start":2053.05,"end":2053.76},{"text":"that","start":2053.85,"end":2053.99},{"text":"certain","start":2053.99,"end":2054.34},{"text":"procedural","start":2054.34,"end":2055.18},{"text":"provisions","start":2055.18,"end":2055.85},{"text":"outlined","start":2055.85,"end":2056.36},{"text":"are","start":2056.37,"end":2056.47},{"text":"helpful","start":2056.47,"end":2056.96},{"text":"some","start":2057.45,"end":2057.77},{"text":"articles","start":2057.77,"end":2058.3},{"text":"would","start":2058.31,"end":2058.43},{"text":"benefit","start":2058.43,"end":2058.87},{"text":"from","start":2058.88,"end":2059.11},{"text":"further","start":2059.13,"end":2059.52},{"text":"reflection","start":2059.53,"end":2060.21},{"text":"for","start":2060.73,"end":2060.91},{"text":"example","start":2060.91,"end":2061.49},{"text":"article","start":2061.84,"end":2062.21},{"text":"13","start":2062.45,"end":2062.82},{"text":"on","start":2062.89,"end":2063.03},{"text":"determination","start":2063.04,"end":2063.69},{"text":"of","start":2063.69,"end":2063.81},{"text":"immunity","start":2063.81,"end":2064.31}]},{"text":"The proposed procedural requirement that the authority authorities making the immunity determination shall be at an appropriately high level would benefit from further refinement to meaningfully guide state practice.","start":2065.22,"end":2078.75,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":2065.22,"end":2065.31},{"text":"proposed","start":2065.32,"end":2065.93},{"text":"procedural","start":2065.93,"end":2066.49},{"text":"requirement","start":2066.49,"end":2067.17},{"text":"that","start":2067.26,"end":2067.41},{"text":"the","start":2067.45,"end":2067.54},{"text":"authority","start":2067.54,"end":2067.54},{"text":"authorities","start":2067.55,"end":2068.26},{"text":"making","start":2068.32,"end":2068.98},{"text":"the","start":2069.17,"end":2069.34},{"text":"immunity","start":2069.34,"end":2069.85},{"text":"determination","start":2069.87,"end":2071.05},{"text":"shall","start":2071.06,"end":2071.33},{"text":"be","start":2071.34,"end":2071.69},{"text":"at","start":2071.77,"end":2072.03},{"text":"an","start":2072.61,"end":2072.71},{"text":"appropriately","start":2072.75,"end":2073.38},{"text":"high","start":2073.38,"end":2073.6},{"text":"level","start":2073.6,"end":2074.01},{"text":"would","start":2074.85,"end":2075.02},{"text":"benefit","start":2075.02,"end":2075.45},{"text":"from","start":2075.49,"end":2075.7},{"text":"further","start":2075.74,"end":2076.09},{"text":"refinement","start":2076.09,"end":2076.67},{"text":"to","start":2076.72,"end":2076.86},{"text":"meaningfully","start":2076.87,"end":2077.39},{"text":"guide","start":2077.39,"end":2077.73},{"text":"state","start":2077.77,"end":2078.05},{"text":"practice","start":2078.1,"end":2078.75}]},{"text":"In addition, we must take care to ensure that any procedural provisions can be properly implemented in the principal legal systems of the world, including the common law system.","start":2079.94,"end":2089.3,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":2079.94,"end":2080.05},{"text":"addition","start":2080.05,"end":2080.52},{"text":"we","start":2080.53,"end":2080.65},{"text":"must","start":2080.65,"end":2080.88},{"text":"take","start":2080.88,"end":2081.04},{"text":"care","start":2081.08,"end":2081.39},{"text":"to","start":2081.4,"end":2081.56},{"text":"ensure","start":2081.56,"end":2081.92},{"text":"that","start":2081.92,"end":2082.1},{"text":"any","start":2082.12,"end":2082.37},{"text":"procedural","start":2082.38,"end":2082.99},{"text":"provisions","start":2082.99,"end":2083.74},{"text":"can","start":2083.79,"end":2083.99},{"text":"be","start":2083.99,"end":2084.11},{"text":"properly","start":2084.12,"end":2084.72},{"text":"implemented","start":2084.72,"end":2085.39},{"text":"in","start":2085.44,"end":2085.59},{"text":"the","start":2085.59,"end":2085.64},{"text":"principal","start":2085.66,"end":2086.16},{"text":"legal","start":2086.16,"end":2086.47},{"text":"systems","start":2086.48,"end":2086.98},{"text":"of","start":2087,"end":2087.09},{"text":"the","start":2087.1,"end":2087.19},{"text":"world","start":2087.19,"end":2087.56},{"text":"including","start":2087.84,"end":2088.28},{"text":"the","start":2088.29,"end":2088.36},{"text":"common","start":2088.36,"end":2088.7},{"text":"law","start":2088.71,"end":2088.84},{"text":"system","start":2088.84,"end":2089.3}]},{"text":"Given these outstanding considerations and the need to consider state feedback on the ILC ILC's proposals, Canada considers that these draft articles are not ripe at this time for elaboration into a convention.","start":2090.65,"end":2103.51,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Given","start":2090.65,"end":2090.96},{"text":"these","start":2090.98,"end":2091.16},{"text":"outstanding","start":2091.19,"end":2091.68},{"text":"considerations","start":2091.68,"end":2092.58},{"text":"and","start":2092.64,"end":2092.76},{"text":"the","start":2092.76,"end":2092.84},{"text":"need","start":2092.84,"end":2093.1},{"text":"to","start":2093.12,"end":2093.24},{"text":"consider","start":2093.24,"end":2093.79},{"text":"state","start":2093.8,"end":2094.2},{"text":"feedback","start":2094.2,"end":2094.77},{"text":"on","start":2094.8,"end":2094.93},{"text":"the","start":2094.93,"end":2095.04},{"text":"ILC","start":2095.06,"end":2095.58},{"text":"ILC's","start":2095.94,"end":2096.48},{"text":"proposals","start":2096.48,"end":2097.23},{"text":"Canada","start":2098.27,"end":2098.27},{"text":"considers","start":2098.27,"end":2098.88},{"text":"that","start":2098.88,"end":2099.01},{"text":"these","start":2099.04,"end":2099.28},{"text":"draft","start":2099.28,"end":2099.56},{"text":"articles","start":2099.59,"end":2100.09},{"text":"are","start":2100.16,"end":2100.25},{"text":"not","start":2100.25,"end":2100.52},{"text":"ripe","start":2100.56,"end":2100.88},{"text":"at","start":2100.9,"end":2101},{"text":"this","start":2101.04,"end":2101.23},{"text":"time","start":2101.23,"end":2101.52},{"text":"for","start":2101.52,"end":2101.69},{"text":"elaboration","start":2101.7,"end":2102.5},{"text":"into","start":2102.5,"end":2102.74},{"text":"a","start":2102.74,"end":2102.8},{"text":"convention","start":2102.8,"end":2103.51}]},{"text":"A product that is well accepted based on rules of immunity that are well grounded in state practice is vital in ensuring the proper functioning of the international legal order.","start":2104.74,"end":2114,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"A","start":2104.74,"end":2104.8},{"text":"product","start":2104.8,"end":2105.2},{"text":"that","start":2105.2,"end":2105.35},{"text":"is","start":2105.35,"end":2105.46},{"text":"well","start":2105.48,"end":2105.7},{"text":"accepted","start":2105.7,"end":2106.3},{"text":"based","start":2106.54,"end":2106.85},{"text":"on","start":2106.85,"end":2106.86},{"text":"rules","start":2106.99,"end":2107.28},{"text":"of","start":2107.28,"end":2107.41},{"text":"immunity","start":2107.41,"end":2107.95},{"text":"that","start":2107.96,"end":2108.15},{"text":"are","start":2108.16,"end":2108.16},{"text":"well","start":2108.16,"end":2108.48},{"text":"grounded","start":2108.48,"end":2108.98},{"text":"in","start":2108.99,"end":2109.1},{"text":"state","start":2109.12,"end":2109.36},{"text":"practice","start":2109.4,"end":2110.04},{"text":"is","start":2110.36,"end":2110.54},{"text":"vital","start":2110.54,"end":2110.92},{"text":"in","start":2110.92,"end":2111.04},{"text":"ensuring","start":2111.04,"end":2111.55},{"text":"the","start":2111.55,"end":2111.62},{"text":"proper","start":2111.62,"end":2112.01},{"text":"functioning","start":2112.02,"end":2112.56},{"text":"of","start":2112.62,"end":2112.72},{"text":"the","start":2112.72,"end":2112.84},{"text":"international","start":2112.84,"end":2113.32},{"text":"legal","start":2113.32,"end":2113.63},{"text":"order","start":2113.63,"end":2114}]},{"text":"Allow me to once again extend Canada's thanks and appreciation to the ILC for its valuable contribution to this important topic.","start":2115.06,"end":2122.01,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Allow","start":2115.06,"end":2115.35},{"text":"me","start":2115.36,"end":2115.48},{"text":"to","start":2115.49,"end":2115.57},{"text":"once","start":2115.58,"end":2115.86},{"text":"again","start":2115.86,"end":2116.13},{"text":"extend","start":2116.14,"end":2116.51},{"text":"Canada's","start":2116.52,"end":2116.88},{"text":"thanks","start":2116.93,"end":2117.23},{"text":"and","start":2117.24,"end":2117.32},{"text":"appreciation","start":2117.32,"end":2118.26},{"text":"to","start":2118.37,"end":2118.48},{"text":"the","start":2118.48,"end":2118.64},{"text":"ILC","start":2118.68,"end":2119.26},{"text":"for","start":2119.26,"end":2119.47},{"text":"its","start":2119.47,"end":2119.61},{"text":"valuable","start":2119.64,"end":2120.07},{"text":"contribution","start":2120.08,"end":2120.8},{"text":"to","start":2120.8,"end":2120.88},{"text":"this","start":2120.88,"end":2121.08},{"text":"important","start":2121.08,"end":2121.48},{"text":"topic","start":2121.48,"end":2122.01}]},{"text":"Chair Turning to the topic of the general principles of law, Canada wishes to express its appreciation to the special rapporteur Marcelo Vazquez Vasquez Bermudez for his dedication and leadership throughout the commission's work on this 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principles of law are funded are of fundamental importance as they constitute one of the sources of international law identified in Article 381c of the statute of the ICJ, which the court is to apply in settling disputes between states.","start":2139.05,"end":2153.72,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. 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Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"à","start":2276.28,"end":2276.38},{"text":"notre","start":2276.39,"end":2276.71},{"text":"sens","start":2276.72,"end":2277.16},{"text":"les","start":2277.33,"end":2277.49},{"text":"États","start":2277.49,"end":2277.87},{"text":"conservent","start":2277.87,"end":2278.5},{"text":"un","start":2278.51,"end":2278.67},{"text":"rôle","start":2278.67,"end":2278.96},{"text":"central","start":2278.99,"end":2279.62},{"text":"pour","start":2279.62,"end":2279.79},{"text":"déterminer","start":2279.79,"end":2280.47},{"text":"si","start":2280.47,"end":2280.71},{"text":"un","start":2280.71,"end":2280.84},{"text":"principe","start":2280.85,"end":2281.35},{"text":"général","start":2281.35,"end":2281.86},{"text":"de","start":2281.86,"end":2281.99},{"text":"droit","start":2282,"end":2282.39},{"text":"comme","start":2282.87,"end":2283.18},{"text":"à","start":2283.18,"end":2283.6},{"text":"la","start":2283.6,"end":2283.76},{"text":"plupart","start":2283.76,"end":2284.23},{"text":"des","start":2284.23,"end":2284.39},{"text":"systèmes","start":2284.39,"end":2284.82},{"text":"juridiques","start":2284.83,"end":2285.33},{"text":"nationaux","start":2285.33,"end":2285.91},{"text":"est","start":2286.57,"end":2286.86},{"text":"également","start":2286.87,"end":2287.48},{"text":"reconnu","start":2287.48,"end":2288.14},{"text":"au","start":2288.35,"end":2288.53},{"text":"sein","start":2288.53,"end":2288.86},{"text":"de","start":2288.86,"end":2288.96},{"text":"l'ordre","start":2288.96,"end":2289.31},{"text":"juridique","start":2289.31,"end":2289.87},{"text":"international","start":2290.18,"end":2290.71},{"text":"surtout","start":2291.63,"end":2292.14},{"text":"lorsque","start":2292.14,"end":2292.68},{"text":"cette","start":2292.68,"end":2293.11},{"text":"transposition","start":2293.63,"end":2294.79},{"text":"est","start":2294.81,"end":2294.95},{"text":"susceptible","start":2294.95,"end":2295.96},{"text":"des","start":2296.25,"end":2296.46},{"text":"obligations","start":2296.46,"end":2297.11},{"text":"juridiques","start":2297.12,"end":2297.79},{"text":"internationales","start":2298.11,"end":2298.99}]},{"text":"Enfin, nous encourageons à veiller donc particulièrement à ce à ce que les projets de conclusion huit et neuf, qui traitent des décisions des cours et tribunaux, ainsi que la doctrine en tant que moyen auxiliaire pour déterminer l'existence et le contenu des principes généraux du droit demeure cohérent avec les travaux que la Commission même actuellement sur ce sujet, afin d'éviter tout","start":2299.63,"end":2327.54,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"Enfin","start":2299.63,"end":2300.22},{"text":"nous","start":2300.22,"end":2300.48},{"text":"encourageons","start":2300.48,"end":2301.31},{"text":"à","start":2301.31,"end":2301.41},{"text":"veiller","start":2301.43,"end":2301.86},{"text":"donc","start":2301.9,"end":2302.2},{"text":"particulièrement","start":2302.2,"end":2303.24},{"text":"à","start":2303.27,"end":2303.37},{"text":"ce","start":2303.37,"end":2303.75},{"text":"à","start":2304.47,"end":2304.58},{"text":"ce","start":2304.58,"end":2304.8},{"text":"que","start":2304.8,"end":2304.99},{"text":"les","start":2304.99,"end":2305.16},{"text":"projets","start":2305.59,"end":2305.59},{"text":"de","start":2305.82,"end":2305.97},{"text":"conclusion","start":2305.97,"end":2306.67},{"text":"huit","start":2306.69,"end":2307.07},{"text":"et","start":2307.12,"end":2307.28},{"text":"neuf","start":2307.29,"end":2307.67},{"text":"qui","start":2308.07,"end":2308.23},{"text":"traitent","start":2308.23,"end":2308.55},{"text":"des","start":2308.57,"end":2308.65},{"text":"décisions","start":2308.66,"end":2309.23},{"text":"des","start":2309.24,"end":2309.41},{"text":"cours","start":2309.41,"end":2309.82},{"text":"et","start":2309.83,"end":2309.93},{"text":"tribunaux","start":2309.94,"end":2310.49},{"text":"ainsi","start":2310.49,"end":2311.02},{"text":"que","start":2311.02,"end":2311.21},{"text":"la","start":2311.22,"end":2311.36},{"text":"doctrine","start":2311.36,"end":2311.94},{"text":"en","start":2312.15,"end":2312.37},{"text":"tant","start":2312.37,"end":2312.62},{"text":"que","start":2312.64,"end":2312.79},{"text":"moyen","start":2312.8,"end":2313.19},{"text":"auxiliaire","start":2313.19,"end":2313.91},{"text":"pour","start":2314.36,"end":2314.52},{"text":"déterminer","start":2314.52,"end":2315.19},{"text":"l'existence","start":2315.19,"end":2315.93},{"text":"et","start":2315.93,"end":2316.03},{"text":"le","start":2316.04,"end":2316.13},{"text":"contenu","start":2316.13,"end":2316.58},{"text":"des","start":2316.58,"end":2316.78},{"text":"principes","start":2316.78,"end":2317.23},{"text":"généraux","start":2317.23,"end":2317.65},{"text":"du","start":2317.65,"end":2317.8},{"text":"droit","start":2317.81,"end":2318.16},{"text":"demeure","start":2318.83,"end":2319.35},{"text":"cohérent","start":2319.35,"end":2320.13},{"text":"avec","start":2320.15,"end":2320.5},{"text":"les","start":2320.5,"end":2320.63},{"text":"travaux","start":2320.63,"end":2321.1},{"text":"que","start":2321.1,"end":2321.22},{"text":"la","start":2321.23,"end":2321.35},{"text":"Commission","start":2321.35,"end":2321.93},{"text":"même","start":2321.93,"end":2322.26},{"text":"actuellement","start":2322.27,"end":2323.07},{"text":"sur","start":2323.08,"end":2323.79},{"text":"ce","start":2323.8,"end":2324.07},{"text":"sujet","start":2324.52,"end":2325.07},{"text":"afin","start":2325.76,"end":2326.42},{"text":"d'éviter","start":2326.46,"end":2327.14},{"text":"tout","start":2327.14,"end":2327.54}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"CAN","group":null,"function":null,"affiliation_full":"Canada"}},{"statement_number":14,"start":2334.66,"pageUrl":"/zh/ga/c6/81/30?lang=floor&t=38:55","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank the distinguished representative of Canada for her statement and I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Canada for her statement and I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Canada.","start":2334.66,"end":2340.86,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":2334.66,"end":2334.77},{"text":"thank","start":2334.77,"end":2335.03},{"text":"the","start":2335.06,"end":2335.12},{"text":"distinguished","start":2335.12,"end":2335.76},{"text":"representative","start":2335.76,"end":2336.56},{"text":"of","start":2336.56,"end":2336.68},{"text":"Canada","start":2336.75,"end":2337.26},{"text":"for","start":2337.31,"end":2337.57},{"text":"her","start":2337.58,"end":2337.75},{"text":"statement","start":2337.75,"end":2338.44},{"text":"and","start":2338.44,"end":2338.54},{"text":"I","start":2338.54,"end":2338.61},{"text":"give","start":2338.64,"end":2338.81},{"text":"the","start":2338.83,"end":2338.91},{"text":"floor","start":2338.91,"end":2339.25},{"text":"to","start":2339.25,"end":2339.4},{"text":"the","start":2339.4,"end":2339.4},{"text":"distinguished","start":2339.4,"end":2339.4},{"text":"representative","start":2339.4,"end":2339.4},{"text":"of","start":2339.4,"end":2339.4},{"text":"Canada","start":2339.4,"end":2339.4},{"text":"for","start":2339.4,"end":2339.4},{"text":"her","start":2339.4,"end":2339.4},{"text":"statement","start":2339.4,"end":2339.4},{"text":"and","start":2339.4,"end":2339.4},{"text":"I","start":2339.4,"end":2339.4},{"text":"give","start":2339.4,"end":2339.4},{"text":"the","start":2339.4,"end":2339.4},{"text":"floor","start":2339.4,"end":2339.4},{"text":"to","start":2339.4,"end":2339.4},{"text":"the","start":2339.4,"end":2339.4},{"text":"distinguished","start":2339.4,"end":2340.02},{"text":"representative","start":2340.02,"end":2340.74},{"text":"of","start":2340.74,"end":2340.86},{"text":"Canada","start":2340.86,"end":2340.86}]},{"text":"of Israel","start":2340.86,"end":2341.39,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"of","start":2340.86,"end":2340.94},{"text":"Israel","start":2340.95,"end":2341.39}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"6th Committee","group":null,"function":"Chair","affiliation_full":"6th Committee"}},{"statement_number":15,"start":2343.55,"pageUrl":"/zh/ga/c6/81/30?lang=floor&t=39:04","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Madam","start":2343.55,"end":2343.91,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":2343.55,"end":2343.91}]}]},{"sentences":[{"text":"Chair in order to respect the time limit set by the bureau this oral statement will be appropriately brief and will focus on the topic immunity of state officials from far.","start":2343.91,"end":2353.86,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Chair","start":2343.91,"end":2344.26},{"text":"in","start":2345.04,"end":2345.2},{"text":"order","start":2345.2,"end":2345.43},{"text":"to","start":2345.44,"end":2345.56},{"text":"respect","start":2345.57,"end":2346.02},{"text":"the","start":2346.03,"end":2346.11},{"text":"time","start":2346.11,"end":2346.42},{"text":"limit","start":2346.42,"end":2346.76},{"text":"set","start":2346.79,"end":2347},{"text":"by","start":2347.03,"end":2347.21},{"text":"the","start":2347.22,"end":2347.23},{"text":"bureau","start":2347.23,"end":2347.68},{"text":"this","start":2348.09,"end":2348.26},{"text":"oral","start":2348.3,"end":2348.51},{"text":"statement","start":2348.51,"end":2349.08},{"text":"will","start":2349.09,"end":2349.21},{"text":"be","start":2349.21,"end":2349.35},{"text":"appropriately","start":2349.39,"end":2349.98},{"text":"brief","start":2349.99,"end":2350.36},{"text":"and","start":2350.5,"end":2350.62},{"text":"will","start":2350.63,"end":2350.75},{"text":"focus","start":2350.76,"end":2351.22},{"text":"on","start":2351.22,"end":2351.32},{"text":"the","start":2351.34,"end":2351.39},{"text":"topic","start":2351.4,"end":2351.87},{"text":"immunity","start":2351.91,"end":2352.41},{"text":"of","start":2352.41,"end":2352.51},{"text":"state","start":2352.52,"end":2352.8},{"text":"officials","start":2352.8,"end":2353.43},{"text":"from","start":2353.47,"end":2353.67},{"text":"far","start":2353.67,"end":2353.86}]},{"text":"foreign criminal jurisdiction.","start":2353.86,"end":2355.24,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"foreign","start":2353.86,"end":2354.06},{"text":"criminal","start":2354.06,"end":2354.51},{"text":"jurisdiction","start":2354.51,"end":2355.24}]},{"text":"We thank the commission and the special rapporteur for their dedicated efforts and hard work on this important subject.","start":2356.03,"end":2362.52,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":2356.03,"end":2356.13},{"text":"thank","start":2356.14,"end":2356.39},{"text":"the","start":2356.39,"end":2356.48},{"text":"commission","start":2356.48,"end":2357.07},{"text":"and","start":2357.11,"end":2357.22},{"text":"the","start":2357.22,"end":2357.3},{"text":"special","start":2357.31,"end":2357.71},{"text":"rapporteur","start":2357.72,"end":2358.31},{"text":"for","start":2358.76,"end":2358.95},{"text":"their","start":2358.95,"end":2359.1},{"text":"dedicated","start":2359.11,"end":2359.71},{"text":"efforts","start":2359.75,"end":2360.22},{"text":"and","start":2360.22,"end":2360.34},{"text":"hard","start":2360.34,"end":2360.67},{"text":"work","start":2360.67,"end":2361.04},{"text":"on","start":2361.07,"end":2361.19},{"text":"this","start":2361.2,"end":2361.42},{"text":"important","start":2361.42,"end":2361.91},{"text":"subject","start":2361.93,"end":2362.52}]},{"text":"Israel's comprehensive comments on cluster one, which include our detailed views on the topics of general principles of law and obligation, agro ominous and sea level rise will be submitted to the secretary secretary for publication on the sixth committee website.","start":2363.45,"end":2379.71,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."},{"key":"erga-omnes-obligations","label":"Erga Omnes Obligations","description":"Speakers discussed the identification and legal consequences of obligations owed to the international community as a whole. Issues included their distinction from peremptory norms, the invocation of state responsibility, and concerns about their use in politically motivated proceedings."},{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"Israel's","start":2363.45,"end":2364.07},{"text":"comprehensive","start":2364.08,"end":2364.83},{"text":"comments","start":2364.83,"end":2365.34},{"text":"on","start":2365.34,"end":2365.49},{"text":"cluster","start":2365.51,"end":2365.96},{"text":"one","start":2365.98,"end":2366.29},{"text":"which","start":2366.61,"end":2366.82},{"text":"include","start":2366.82,"end":2367.27},{"text":"our","start":2367.27,"end":2367.44},{"text":"detailed","start":2367.44,"end":2367.87},{"text":"views","start":2367.87,"end":2368.28},{"text":"on","start":2368.33,"end":2368.46},{"text":"the","start":2368.46,"end":2368.53},{"text":"topics","start":2368.53,"end":2369.03},{"text":"of","start":2369.03,"end":2369.16},{"text":"general","start":2369.16,"end":2369.6},{"text":"principles","start":2369.61,"end":2370.22},{"text":"of","start":2370.22,"end":2370.33},{"text":"law","start":2370.33,"end":2370.56},{"text":"and","start":2370.93,"end":2371.1},{"text":"obligation","start":2371.11,"end":2371.79},{"text":"agro","start":2371.82,"end":2372.14},{"text":"ominous","start":2372.15,"end":2372.65},{"text":"and","start":2372.69,"end":2372.83},{"text":"sea","start":2372.83,"end":2373.07},{"text":"level","start":2373.08,"end":2373.37},{"text":"rise","start":2373.37,"end":2373.71},{"text":"will","start":2373.99,"end":2374.14},{"text":"be","start":2374.15,"end":2374.25},{"text":"submitted","start":2374.27,"end":2374.85},{"text":"to","start":2375.02,"end":2375.19},{"text":"the","start":2375.19,"end":2375.36},{"text":"secretary","start":2375.39,"end":2376.03},{"text":"secretary","start":2376.23,"end":2377.18},{"text":"for","start":2377.72,"end":2377.92},{"text":"publication","start":2377.92,"end":2378.59},{"text":"on","start":2378.59,"end":2378.7},{"text":"the","start":2378.71,"end":2378.77},{"text":"sixth","start":2378.78,"end":2379.08},{"text":"committee","start":2379.08,"end":2379.45},{"text":"website","start":2379.46,"end":2379.71}]},{"text":"Israel attaches great importance to ensuring that preparators preparators of crimes are brought to justice and supports international efforts to combat impunity effectively.","start":2381.11,"end":2394.78,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Israel","start":2381.11,"end":2381.55},{"text":"attaches","start":2381.55,"end":2382.07},{"text":"great","start":2382.07,"end":2382.35},{"text":"importance","start":2382.36,"end":2383.07},{"text":"to","start":2383.08,"end":2383.28},{"text":"ensuring","start":2383.31,"end":2383.99},{"text":"that","start":2384.19,"end":2384.43},{"text":"preparators","start":2385.93,"end":2385.93},{"text":"preparators","start":2386.74,"end":2387.84},{"text":"of","start":2388.23,"end":2388.4},{"text":"crimes","start":2388.4,"end":2388.89},{"text":"are","start":2388.97,"end":2389.11},{"text":"brought","start":2389.11,"end":2389.39},{"text":"to","start":2389.43,"end":2389.52},{"text":"justice","start":2389.53,"end":2390.11},{"text":"and","start":2390.55,"end":2390.68},{"text":"supports","start":2390.68,"end":2391.16},{"text":"international","start":2391.16,"end":2391.87},{"text":"efforts","start":2391.91,"end":2392.48},{"text":"to","start":2392.49,"end":2392.62},{"text":"combat","start":2392.63,"end":2392.93},{"text":"impunity","start":2393.28,"end":2394.03},{"text":"effectively","start":2394.11,"end":2394.78}]},{"text":"Along with many other states, Israel has followed the work of the ILC on this topic closely and has submitted over the years constructive comments aimed at assisting the commission in preserving the delicate balance long established in international law between combating impunity and safeguarding the fundamental principle of state sovereignty and equality.","start":2396.22,"end":2418.66,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Along","start":2396.22,"end":2396.58},{"text":"with","start":2396.58,"end":2396.75},{"text":"many","start":2396.75,"end":2397.07},{"text":"other","start":2397.11,"end":2397.34},{"text":"states","start":2397.35,"end":2397.84},{"text":"Israel","start":2397.9,"end":2398.36},{"text":"has","start":2398.36,"end":2398.56},{"text":"followed","start":2398.56,"end":2398.91},{"text":"the","start":2398.91,"end":2399.04},{"text":"work","start":2399.04,"end":2399.35},{"text":"of","start":2399.37,"end":2399.5},{"text":"the","start":2399.51,"end":2399.6},{"text":"ILC","start":2399.64,"end":2400.3},{"text":"on","start":2400.35,"end":2400.48},{"text":"this","start":2400.48,"end":2400.67},{"text":"topic","start":2400.68,"end":2401.13},{"text":"closely","start":2401.52,"end":2402.11},{"text":"and","start":2402.11,"end":2402.24},{"text":"has","start":2402.24,"end":2402.36},{"text":"submitted","start":2402.36,"end":2402.84},{"text":"over","start":2402.84,"end":2403.05},{"text":"the","start":2403.07,"end":2403.19},{"text":"years","start":2403.2,"end":2403.55},{"text":"constructive","start":2403.56,"end":2404.21},{"text":"comments","start":2404.23,"end":2404.77},{"text":"aimed","start":2404.85,"end":2405.22},{"text":"at","start":2405.72,"end":2405.83},{"text":"assisting","start":2405.91,"end":2406.58},{"text":"the","start":2406.64,"end":2406.76},{"text":"commission","start":2406.76,"end":2407.3},{"text":"in","start":2407.54,"end":2407.71},{"text":"preserving","start":2407.71,"end":2408.44},{"text":"the","start":2408.85,"end":2408.95},{"text":"delicate","start":2408.95,"end":2409.4},{"text":"balance","start":2409.41,"end":2410.02},{"text":"long","start":2410.06,"end":2410.31},{"text":"established","start":2410.31,"end":2410.95},{"text":"in","start":2410.95,"end":2411.04},{"text":"international","start":2411.04,"end":2411.67},{"text":"law","start":2411.67,"end":2411.96},{"text":"between","start":2412.11,"end":2412.48},{"text":"combating","start":2412.48,"end":2413.06},{"text":"impunity","start":2413.08,"end":2413.72},{"text":"and","start":2414.23,"end":2414.4},{"text":"safeguarding","start":2414.4,"end":2415.13},{"text":"the","start":2415.15,"end":2415.26},{"text":"fundamental","start":2415.26,"end":2415.87},{"text":"principle","start":2415.87,"end":2416.45},{"text":"of","start":2416.48,"end":2416.65},{"text":"state","start":2416.65,"end":2417.04},{"text":"sovereignty","start":2417.08,"end":2417.79},{"text":"and","start":2417.84,"end":2418},{"text":"equality","start":2418.01,"end":2418.66}]},{"text":"The balance is essential for ensuring the effective conduct of international relations, preventing serious international fraction, and guarding against the political abuse of the law and of legal process.","start":2420.07,"end":2433.15,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":2420.07,"end":2420.19},{"text":"balance","start":2420.19,"end":2420.65},{"text":"is","start":2420.65,"end":2420.76},{"text":"essential","start":2420.76,"end":2421.34},{"text":"for","start":2421.35,"end":2421.57},{"text":"ensuring","start":2421.57,"end":2422.1},{"text":"the","start":2422.11,"end":2422.23},{"text":"effective","start":2422.24,"end":2422.73},{"text":"conduct","start":2422.73,"end":2423.26},{"text":"of","start":2423.26,"end":2423.37},{"text":"international","start":2423.37,"end":2424.01},{"text":"relations","start":2424.03,"end":2424.69},{"text":"preventing","start":2425.15,"end":2425.71},{"text":"serious","start":2425.71,"end":2426.17},{"text":"international","start":2426.17,"end":2426.82},{"text":"fraction","start":2426.83,"end":2427.42},{"text":"and","start":2428.03,"end":2428.27},{"text":"guarding","start":2428.51,"end":2429.02},{"text":"against","start":2429.04,"end":2429.43},{"text":"the","start":2429.46,"end":2429.53},{"text":"political","start":2429.53,"end":2430.13},{"text":"abuse","start":2430.13,"end":2430.56},{"text":"of","start":2430.64,"end":2430.84},{"text":"the","start":2431.07,"end":2431.19},{"text":"law","start":2431.2,"end":2431.53},{"text":"and","start":2431.63,"end":2431.82},{"text":"of","start":2431.83,"end":2431.96},{"text":"legal","start":2431.96,"end":2432.36},{"text":"process","start":2432.54,"end":2433.15}]},{"text":"However, the draft articles and commentaries adopted by the Commission on second reading this year failed to uphold this balance.","start":2433.63,"end":2441.41,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"However","start":2433.63,"end":2434.16},{"text":"the","start":2434.55,"end":2434.67},{"text":"draft","start":2434.67,"end":2435.03},{"text":"articles","start":2435.03,"end":2435.67},{"text":"and","start":2435.79,"end":2435.96},{"text":"commentaries","start":2435.96,"end":2436.7},{"text":"adopted","start":2436.7,"end":2437.17},{"text":"by","start":2437.17,"end":2437.37},{"text":"the","start":2437.37,"end":2437.39},{"text":"Commission","start":2437.39,"end":2438.01},{"text":"on","start":2438.06,"end":2438.19},{"text":"second","start":2438.19,"end":2438.58},{"text":"reading","start":2438.59,"end":2438.93},{"text":"this","start":2438.95,"end":2439.22},{"text":"year","start":2439.22,"end":2439.47},{"text":"failed","start":2439.61,"end":2439.93},{"text":"to","start":2439.94,"end":2440.1},{"text":"uphold","start":2440.11,"end":2440.55},{"text":"this","start":2440.55,"end":2440.8},{"text":"balance","start":2440.82,"end":2441.41}]},{"text":"They do not address serious concerns repeatedly raised by numerous states including Israel throughout the Commission's many years of deliberation, nor do they adequately acknowledge the existence of such concerns.","start":2442.71,"end":2455.74,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"They","start":2442.71,"end":2442.87},{"text":"do","start":2442.87,"end":2442.99},{"text":"not","start":2442.99,"end":2443.24},{"text":"address","start":2443.24,"end":2443.59},{"text":"serious","start":2443.63,"end":2444.03},{"text":"concerns","start":2444.04,"end":2444.71},{"text":"repeatedly","start":2444.94,"end":2445.51},{"text":"raised","start":2445.51,"end":2445.88},{"text":"by","start":2445.88,"end":2446.05},{"text":"numerous","start":2446.06,"end":2446.42},{"text":"states","start":2446.42,"end":2446.96},{"text":"including","start":2446.96,"end":2447.43},{"text":"Israel","start":2447.43,"end":2447.9},{"text":"throughout","start":2448.27,"end":2448.62},{"text":"the","start":2448.66,"end":2448.73},{"text":"Commission's","start":2448.74,"end":2449.3},{"text":"many","start":2449.3,"end":2449.62},{"text":"years","start":2449.62,"end":2449.94},{"text":"of","start":2449.96,"end":2450.11},{"text":"deliberation","start":2450.13,"end":2450.9},{"text":"nor","start":2451.76,"end":2452.03},{"text":"do","start":2452.04,"end":2452.21},{"text":"they","start":2452.21,"end":2452.5},{"text":"adequately","start":2452.62,"end":2453.24},{"text":"acknowledge","start":2453.25,"end":2453.82},{"text":"the","start":2453.84,"end":2453.97},{"text":"existence","start":2453.98,"end":2454.61},{"text":"of","start":2454.63,"end":2454.74},{"text":"such","start":2454.74,"end":2455.1},{"text":"concerns","start":2455.1,"end":2455.74}]},{"text":"Most worryingly, and despite repeated calls by states, the draft articles and commentaries failed to distinguish between codification of international law and progressive development, and omit material information and disagreement concerning relevant state practice.","start":2456.98,"end":2475.1,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Most","start":2456.98,"end":2457.33},{"text":"worryingly","start":2457.34,"end":2457.85},{"text":"and","start":2458.21,"end":2458.33},{"text":"despite","start":2458.35,"end":2458.98},{"text":"repeated","start":2459.69,"end":2460.19},{"text":"calls","start":2460.2,"end":2460.59},{"text":"by","start":2460.59,"end":2460.76},{"text":"states","start":2460.76,"end":2461.29},{"text":"the","start":2461.34,"end":2461.43},{"text":"draft","start":2461.44,"end":2461.82},{"text":"articles","start":2461.82,"end":2462.41},{"text":"and","start":2462.74,"end":2462.91},{"text":"commentaries","start":2462.92,"end":2463.7},{"text":"failed","start":2463.99,"end":2464.31},{"text":"to","start":2464.34,"end":2464.48},{"text":"distinguish","start":2464.48,"end":2465.16},{"text":"between","start":2465.16,"end":2465.67},{"text":"codification","start":2465.96,"end":2466.78},{"text":"of","start":2466.78,"end":2466.87},{"text":"international","start":2466.87,"end":2467.52},{"text":"law","start":2467.52,"end":2467.82},{"text":"and","start":2467.96,"end":2468.08},{"text":"progressive","start":2468.1,"end":2468.65},{"text":"development","start":2468.66,"end":2469.37},{"text":"and","start":2469.76,"end":2469.9},{"text":"omit","start":2469.9,"end":2470.2},{"text":"material","start":2470.34,"end":2470.71},{"text":"information","start":2470.72,"end":2471.55},{"text":"and","start":2472.23,"end":2472.35},{"text":"disagreement","start":2472.36,"end":2473.07},{"text":"concerning","start":2473.08,"end":2473.66},{"text":"relevant","start":2473.66,"end":2474.15},{"text":"state","start":2474.15,"end":2474.46},{"text":"practice","start":2474.5,"end":2475.1}]},{"text":"Consequently, the tax risk creating the misleading impression that the draft articles, specially draft articles article three and draft article six formally seven reflect existing customary international law as consistently reflected in israel's view shared by a considerable number of states they do not.","start":2476.14,"end":2497.22,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Consequently","start":2476.14,"end":2477.11},{"text":"the","start":2477.22,"end":2477.32},{"text":"tax","start":2477.34,"end":2477.73},{"text":"risk","start":2477.73,"end":2478.16},{"text":"creating","start":2478.21,"end":2478.88},{"text":"the","start":2479.06,"end":2479.18},{"text":"misleading","start":2479.18,"end":2479.85},{"text":"impression","start":2480.43,"end":2481.11},{"text":"that","start":2481.48,"end":2481.6},{"text":"the","start":2481.62,"end":2481.7},{"text":"draft","start":2481.71,"end":2482.09},{"text":"articles","start":2482.09,"end":2482.66},{"text":"specially","start":2482.7,"end":2483.23},{"text":"draft","start":2483.25,"end":2483.57},{"text":"articles","start":2483.58,"end":2483.82},{"text":"article","start":2483.82,"end":2483.98},{"text":"three","start":2483.98,"end":2484.33},{"text":"and","start":2484.43,"end":2484.51},{"text":"draft","start":2484.52,"end":2484.88},{"text":"article","start":2484.88,"end":2485.3},{"text":"six","start":2485.3,"end":2485.72},{"text":"formally","start":2485.77,"end":2486.21},{"text":"seven","start":2486.22,"end":2486.68},{"text":"reflect","start":2487.13,"end":2487.66},{"text":"existing","start":2487.68,"end":2488.26},{"text":"customary","start":2488.28,"end":2488.98},{"text":"international","start":2489.13,"end":2489.78},{"text":"law","start":2489.78,"end":2490},{"text":"as","start":2491,"end":2491.17},{"text":"consistently","start":2491.18,"end":2491.82},{"text":"reflected","start":2491.83,"end":2492.5},{"text":"in","start":2492.5,"end":2492.62},{"text":"israel's","start":2492.62,"end":2493.02},{"text":"view","start":2493.03,"end":2493.38},{"text":"shared","start":2493.42,"end":2493.81},{"text":"by","start":2493.82,"end":2494.13},{"text":"a","start":2494.4,"end":2494.46},{"text":"considerable","start":2494.46,"end":2495.26},{"text":"number","start":2495.54,"end":2495.86},{"text":"of","start":2495.86,"end":2495.94},{"text":"states","start":2495.94,"end":2496.49},{"text":"they","start":2496.52,"end":2496.74},{"text":"do","start":2496.74,"end":2496.87},{"text":"not","start":2496.88,"end":2497.22}]},{"text":"The disagreement over the draft articles both among states and within the commission was substantial.","start":2498.3,"end":2503.8,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":2498.3,"end":2498.42},{"text":"disagreement","start":2498.42,"end":2499.07},{"text":"over","start":2499.09,"end":2499.31},{"text":"the","start":2499.32,"end":2499.42},{"text":"draft","start":2499.44,"end":2499.76},{"text":"articles","start":2499.77,"end":2500.32},{"text":"both","start":2500.32,"end":2500.66},{"text":"among","start":2500.66,"end":2500.94},{"text":"states","start":2500.94,"end":2501.39},{"text":"and","start":2501.42,"end":2501.6},{"text":"within","start":2501.62,"end":2501.94},{"text":"the","start":2501.94,"end":2502.02},{"text":"commission","start":2502.02,"end":2502.63},{"text":"was","start":2502.9,"end":2503.02},{"text":"substantial","start":2503.02,"end":2503.8}]},{"text":"Israel recalls that draft article six was exceptionally put to a vote not once but twice during both readings.","start":2504.41,"end":2512.42,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Israel","start":2504.41,"end":2504.86},{"text":"recalls","start":2504.86,"end":2505.33},{"text":"that","start":2505.34,"end":2505.5},{"text":"draft","start":2505.5,"end":2505.88},{"text":"article","start":2505.89,"end":2506.26},{"text":"six","start":2506.26,"end":2506.74},{"text":"was","start":2507.34,"end":2507.62},{"text":"exceptionally","start":2507.7,"end":2508.52},{"text":"put","start":2508.52,"end":2508.92},{"text":"to","start":2509.26,"end":2509.42},{"text":"a","start":2509.42,"end":2509.51},{"text":"vote","start":2509.51,"end":2509.51},{"text":"not","start":2509.94,"end":2510.2},{"text":"once","start":2510.2,"end":2510.55},{"text":"but","start":2510.55,"end":2510.7},{"text":"twice","start":2510.74,"end":2511.21},{"text":"during","start":2511.22,"end":2511.57},{"text":"both","start":2511.57,"end":2511.88},{"text":"readings","start":2511.89,"end":2512.42}]},{"text":"Voting records show significant opposition and even those members who voted in favour did not necessarily consider draft article six to reflect existing law.","start":2513.02,"end":2523.14,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Voting","start":2513.02,"end":2513.41},{"text":"records","start":2513.42,"end":2514.78},{"text":"show","start":2514.78,"end":2515.06},{"text":"significant","start":2515.24,"end":2515.77},{"text":"opposition","start":2515.84,"end":2516.52},{"text":"and","start":2516.91,"end":2517.04},{"text":"even","start":2517.06,"end":2517.34},{"text":"those","start":2517.34,"end":2517.58},{"text":"members","start":2517.58,"end":2518.04},{"text":"who","start":2518.04,"end":2518.17},{"text":"voted","start":2518.18,"end":2518.54},{"text":"in","start":2518.54,"end":2518.66},{"text":"favour","start":2518.66,"end":2519.08},{"text":"did","start":2519.08,"end":2519.27},{"text":"not","start":2519.27,"end":2519.49},{"text":"necessarily","start":2519.5,"end":2520.13},{"text":"consider","start":2520.13,"end":2520.69},{"text":"draft","start":2520.7,"end":2521.04},{"text":"article","start":2521.04,"end":2521.4},{"text":"six","start":2521.4,"end":2521.78},{"text":"to","start":2521.82,"end":2521.9},{"text":"reflect","start":2521.91,"end":2522.41},{"text":"existing","start":2522.41,"end":2522.41},{"text":"law","start":2522.92,"end":2523.14}]},{"text":"Many states, likewise, repeatedly made clear that they did not consider the draft article to reflect existing customary international law, while others expressly regarded it as a proposal for progressive development of proposed delayation.","start":2524.14,"end":2539,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Many","start":2524.14,"end":2524.42},{"text":"states","start":2524.42,"end":2524.89},{"text":"likewise","start":2524.89,"end":2525.48},{"text":"repeatedly","start":2525.49,"end":2526.03},{"text":"made","start":2526.04,"end":2526.4},{"text":"clear","start":2526.42,"end":2526.83},{"text":"that","start":2527.1,"end":2527.23},{"text":"they","start":2527.23,"end":2527.39},{"text":"did","start":2527.4,"end":2527.58},{"text":"not","start":2527.58,"end":2527.78},{"text":"consider","start":2527.78,"end":2528.27},{"text":"the","start":2528.28,"end":2528.38},{"text":"draft","start":2528.4,"end":2528.74},{"text":"article","start":2528.74,"end":2529.18},{"text":"to","start":2529.18,"end":2529.31},{"text":"reflect","start":2529.31,"end":2529.78},{"text":"existing","start":2529.78,"end":2530.28},{"text":"customary","start":2530.29,"end":2530.91},{"text":"international","start":2530.94,"end":2531.59},{"text":"law","start":2531.59,"end":2531.86},{"text":"while","start":2532.22,"end":2532.45},{"text":"others","start":2532.5,"end":2532.88},{"text":"expressly","start":2532.89,"end":2533.58},{"text":"regarded","start":2534.22,"end":2534.75},{"text":"it","start":2534.75,"end":2534.93},{"text":"as","start":2535.02,"end":2535.19},{"text":"a","start":2535.19,"end":2535.24},{"text":"proposal","start":2535.24,"end":2535.84},{"text":"for","start":2535.86,"end":2536.01},{"text":"progressive","start":2536.02,"end":2536.6},{"text":"development","start":2536.6,"end":2537.34},{"text":"of","start":2537.67,"end":2537.75},{"text":"proposed","start":2537.78,"end":2538.23},{"text":"delayation","start":2538.23,"end":2539}]},{"text":"The records also contain serious specific objections regarding the representativeness, legal relevance, and completeness of the practice relied upon by commission states also drew the commission's attention to the fact that decisions by states not to institute proceedings against foreign officials constitute highly relevant practice.","start":2539.74,"end":2561.73,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":2539.74,"end":2539.83},{"text":"records","start":2539.83,"end":2540.25},{"text":"also","start":2540.26,"end":2540.5},{"text":"contain","start":2540.5,"end":2540.98},{"text":"serious","start":2541.02,"end":2541.02},{"text":"specific","start":2541.02,"end":2542.02},{"text":"objections","start":2542.02,"end":2542.66},{"text":"regarding","start":2542.66,"end":2543.23},{"text":"the","start":2543.78,"end":2543.92},{"text":"representativeness","start":2543.94,"end":2545.27},{"text":"legal","start":2545.42,"end":2545.78},{"text":"relevance","start":2545.79,"end":2546.49},{"text":"and","start":2546.9,"end":2547.12},{"text":"completeness","start":2547.12,"end":2547.94},{"text":"of","start":2548,"end":2548.16},{"text":"the","start":2548.17,"end":2548.27},{"text":"practice","start":2548.27,"end":2548.81},{"text":"relied","start":2548.82,"end":2549.17},{"text":"upon","start":2549.17,"end":2549.57},{"text":"by","start":2549.64,"end":2549.89},{"text":"commission","start":2549.9,"end":2550.51},{"text":"states","start":2551.79,"end":2552.3},{"text":"also","start":2552.31,"end":2552.66},{"text":"drew","start":2552.66,"end":2552.86},{"text":"the","start":2552.88,"end":2552.96},{"text":"commission's","start":2552.98,"end":2553.47},{"text":"attention","start":2553.48,"end":2554},{"text":"to","start":2554.02,"end":2554.15},{"text":"the","start":2554.15,"end":2554.26},{"text":"fact","start":2554.26,"end":2554.62},{"text":"that","start":2554.66,"end":2554.78},{"text":"decisions","start":2554.79,"end":2555.32},{"text":"by","start":2555.32,"end":2555.49},{"text":"states","start":2555.5,"end":2556.01},{"text":"not","start":2556.06,"end":2556.28},{"text":"to","start":2556.3,"end":2556.59},{"text":"institute","start":2556.91,"end":2557.52},{"text":"proceedings","start":2557.9,"end":2558.46},{"text":"against","start":2558.46,"end":2558.85},{"text":"foreign","start":2558.85,"end":2559.2},{"text":"officials","start":2559.2,"end":2559.71},{"text":"constitute","start":2559.71,"end":2560.34},{"text":"highly","start":2560.38,"end":2560.74},{"text":"relevant","start":2560.75,"end":2561.18},{"text":"practice","start":2561.18,"end":2561.73}]},{"text":"but this was largely ignored.","start":2562.07,"end":2563.61,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"but","start":2562.07,"end":2562.18},{"text":"this","start":2562.19,"end":2562.42},{"text":"was","start":2562.42,"end":2562.58},{"text":"largely","start":2562.6,"end":2563.08},{"text":"ignored","start":2563.1,"end":2563.61}]},{"text":"These omissions are particularly striking because the commissions had repeatedly invited states to provide information on practice concerning immunity.","start":2564.7,"end":2573.08,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"These","start":2564.7,"end":2564.9},{"text":"omissions","start":2564.95,"end":2565.61},{"text":"are","start":2565.66,"end":2565.74},{"text":"particularly","start":2565.75,"end":2566.34},{"text":"striking","start":2566.34,"end":2566.99},{"text":"because","start":2567.02,"end":2567.39},{"text":"the","start":2567.39,"end":2567.48},{"text":"commissions","start":2567.5,"end":2568.11},{"text":"had","start":2568.14,"end":2568.32},{"text":"repeatedly","start":2568.32,"end":2569},{"text":"invited","start":2569.25,"end":2569.82},{"text":"states","start":2569.82,"end":2570.25},{"text":"to","start":2570.26,"end":2570.38},{"text":"provide","start":2570.38,"end":2570.78},{"text":"information","start":2570.78,"end":2571.41},{"text":"on","start":2571.42,"end":2571.54},{"text":"practice","start":2571.54,"end":2572.05},{"text":"concerning","start":2572.06,"end":2572.57},{"text":"immunity","start":2572.59,"end":2573.08}]},{"text":"Also at the second reading stage, especially where states submitted practice challenging the existence of a customary role, the Commission was required to adequately present the relevant material and the extent of agreement and to record any divergence and disagreements presounced to article 20 of the ilc statute this is especially warranted under the circumstances of this project.","start":2573.54,"end":2600.54,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Also","start":2573.54,"end":2573.9},{"text":"at","start":2573.91,"end":2573.98},{"text":"the","start":2573.98,"end":2574.08},{"text":"second","start":2574.09,"end":2574.44},{"text":"reading","start":2574.46,"end":2574.79},{"text":"stage","start":2574.79,"end":2575.24},{"text":"especially","start":2576.06,"end":2576.64},{"text":"where","start":2576.64,"end":2576.81},{"text":"states","start":2576.81,"end":2577.18},{"text":"submitted","start":2577.18,"end":2577.58},{"text":"practice","start":2577.58,"end":2578.16},{"text":"challenging","start":2578.19,"end":2578.76},{"text":"the","start":2578.76,"end":2578.86},{"text":"existence","start":2578.87,"end":2579.46},{"text":"of","start":2579.46,"end":2579.58},{"text":"a","start":2579.58,"end":2579.62},{"text":"customary","start":2579.62,"end":2580.23},{"text":"role","start":2580.26,"end":2580.57},{"text":"the","start":2581.22,"end":2581.3},{"text":"Commission","start":2581.3,"end":2581.82},{"text":"was","start":2581.82,"end":2582.03},{"text":"required","start":2582.04,"end":2582.75},{"text":"to","start":2582.82,"end":2583.01},{"text":"adequately","start":2583.02,"end":2583.65},{"text":"present","start":2583.65,"end":2584.12},{"text":"the","start":2584.14,"end":2584.2},{"text":"relevant","start":2584.22,"end":2584.69},{"text":"material","start":2584.7,"end":2585.34},{"text":"and","start":2585.6,"end":2585.72},{"text":"the","start":2585.72,"end":2585.83},{"text":"extent","start":2585.83,"end":2586.26},{"text":"of","start":2586.26,"end":2586.37},{"text":"agreement","start":2586.37,"end":2586.94},{"text":"and","start":2587.38,"end":2587.51},{"text":"to","start":2587.54,"end":2587.7},{"text":"record","start":2587.7,"end":2588.31},{"text":"any","start":2588.74,"end":2589.26},{"text":"divergence","start":2589.34,"end":2590.29},{"text":"and","start":2590.31,"end":2590.44},{"text":"disagreements","start":2590.46,"end":2591.34},{"text":"presounced","start":2592.56,"end":2593.24},{"text":"to","start":2593.26,"end":2593.38},{"text":"article","start":2593.38,"end":2593.83},{"text":"20","start":2593.85,"end":2594.26},{"text":"of","start":2594.31,"end":2594.45},{"text":"the","start":2594.46,"end":2594.58},{"text":"ilc","start":2594.61,"end":2595.13},{"text":"statute","start":2595.18,"end":2595.73},{"text":"this","start":2596.74,"end":2596.9},{"text":"is","start":2596.9,"end":2596.98},{"text":"especially","start":2597.06,"end":2597.74},{"text":"warranted","start":2597.76,"end":2598.35},{"text":"under","start":2598.39,"end":2598.75},{"text":"the","start":2598.76,"end":2598.76},{"text":"circumstances","start":2598.76,"end":2599.61},{"text":"of","start":2599.62,"end":2599.78},{"text":"this","start":2599.78,"end":2599.98},{"text":"project","start":2600.02,"end":2600.54}]},{"text":"giving the extent and significance of the reservation expressed by members of the Commission and by states.","start":2600.85,"end":2606,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"giving","start":2600.85,"end":2601.14},{"text":"the","start":2601.15,"end":2601.26},{"text":"extent","start":2601.26,"end":2601.66},{"text":"and","start":2601.67,"end":2601.76},{"text":"significance","start":2601.78,"end":2602.42},{"text":"of","start":2602.43,"end":2602.57},{"text":"the","start":2602.57,"end":2602.68},{"text":"reservation","start":2602.68,"end":2603.32},{"text":"expressed","start":2603.32,"end":2603.74},{"text":"by","start":2603.75,"end":2603.92},{"text":"members","start":2603.92,"end":2604.35},{"text":"of","start":2604.35,"end":2604.45},{"text":"the","start":2604.46,"end":2604.55},{"text":"Commission","start":2604.55,"end":2605.08},{"text":"and","start":2605.14,"end":2605.3},{"text":"by","start":2605.3,"end":2605.45},{"text":"states","start":2605.47,"end":2606}]},{"text":"Yet the Commission neither amended its first reading draft article based on the information presented nor adequately addressed the concern in their commentaries.","start":2606.55,"end":2616.13,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Yet","start":2606.55,"end":2606.96},{"text":"the","start":2607.28,"end":2607.39},{"text":"Commission","start":2607.39,"end":2607.93},{"text":"neither","start":2607.94,"end":2608.28},{"text":"amended","start":2608.28,"end":2608.83},{"text":"its","start":2608.94,"end":2609.14},{"text":"first","start":2609.15,"end":2609.47},{"text":"reading","start":2609.47,"end":2609.81},{"text":"draft","start":2609.81,"end":2610.16},{"text":"article","start":2610.16,"end":2610.64},{"text":"based","start":2610.66,"end":2610.98},{"text":"on","start":2610.98,"end":2611.07},{"text":"the","start":2611.07,"end":2611.14},{"text":"information","start":2611.17,"end":2611.76},{"text":"presented","start":2611.78,"end":2612.4},{"text":"nor","start":2612.41,"end":2612.66},{"text":"adequately","start":2612.69,"end":2613.31},{"text":"addressed","start":2613.34,"end":2613.84},{"text":"the","start":2614.19,"end":2614.3},{"text":"concern","start":2614.3,"end":2614.92},{"text":"in","start":2614.98,"end":2615.13},{"text":"their","start":2615.14,"end":2615.28},{"text":"commentaries","start":2615.3,"end":2616.13}]},{"text":"Ultimately, recommendation to the General Assembly the abaloration of the convention on the basis of the draft article does not detract from the Commission's responsibility.","start":2616.74,"end":2626.85,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Ultimately","start":2616.74,"end":2617.44},{"text":"recommendation","start":2617.44,"end":2618.17},{"text":"to","start":2618.18,"end":2618.29},{"text":"the","start":2618.29,"end":2618.39},{"text":"General","start":2618.39,"end":2618.82},{"text":"Assembly","start":2618.82,"end":2619.37},{"text":"the","start":2620.22,"end":2620.4},{"text":"abaloration","start":2620.42,"end":2621.1},{"text":"of","start":2621.13,"end":2621.27},{"text":"the","start":2621.27,"end":2621.36},{"text":"convention","start":2621.36,"end":2621.95},{"text":"on","start":2621.95,"end":2622.07},{"text":"the","start":2622.08,"end":2622.16},{"text":"basis","start":2622.16,"end":2622.61},{"text":"of","start":2622.61,"end":2622.7},{"text":"the","start":2622.74,"end":2622.82},{"text":"draft","start":2622.82,"end":2623.14},{"text":"article","start":2623.14,"end":2623.59},{"text":"does","start":2623.61,"end":2623.82},{"text":"not","start":2623.82,"end":2624.18},{"text":"detract","start":2624.54,"end":2625.13},{"text":"from","start":2625.14,"end":2625.34},{"text":"the","start":2625.35,"end":2625.44},{"text":"Commission's","start":2625.44,"end":2626},{"text":"responsibility","start":2626.02,"end":2626.85}]},{"text":"to accurately reflect existing law or at the very last to identify new law as such.","start":2627.21,"end":2632.95,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"to","start":2627.21,"end":2627.37},{"text":"accurately","start":2627.37,"end":2627.99},{"text":"reflect","start":2628.01,"end":2628.52},{"text":"existing","start":2628.52,"end":2629.11},{"text":"law","start":2629.11,"end":2629.34},{"text":"or","start":2629.62,"end":2629.79},{"text":"at","start":2629.79,"end":2629.89},{"text":"the","start":2629.89,"end":2629.97},{"text":"very","start":2629.97,"end":2630.3},{"text":"last","start":2630.33,"end":2630.61},{"text":"to","start":2630.61,"end":2630.73},{"text":"identify","start":2630.73,"end":2631.5},{"text":"new","start":2631.62,"end":2631.93},{"text":"law","start":2631.93,"end":2632.25},{"text":"as","start":2632.34,"end":2632.57},{"text":"such","start":2632.57,"end":2632.95}]},{"text":"Any misleading impression that the draft article reflect customary international law may lead to a misapplication of the law, which would in return undermine the stability of international law.","start":2634.37,"end":2646.44,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Any","start":2634.37,"end":2634.59},{"text":"misleading","start":2634.6,"end":2635.14},{"text":"impression","start":2635.16,"end":2635.76},{"text":"that","start":2635.77,"end":2635.89},{"text":"the","start":2635.89,"end":2636},{"text":"draft","start":2636.02,"end":2636.33},{"text":"article","start":2636.33,"end":2636.8},{"text":"reflect","start":2636.81,"end":2637.28},{"text":"customary","start":2637.29,"end":2637.85},{"text":"international","start":2637.85,"end":2638.49},{"text":"law","start":2638.53,"end":2638.74},{"text":"may","start":2639.15,"end":2639.4},{"text":"lead","start":2639.4,"end":2639.61},{"text":"to","start":2639.65,"end":2639.83},{"text":"a","start":2639.88,"end":2640.02},{"text":"misapplication","start":2640.45,"end":2642.05},{"text":"of","start":2642.12,"end":2642.26},{"text":"the","start":2642.26,"end":2642.37},{"text":"law","start":2642.37,"end":2642.61},{"text":"which","start":2643.09,"end":2643.3},{"text":"would","start":2643.33,"end":2643.49},{"text":"in","start":2643.49,"end":2643.66},{"text":"return","start":2643.69,"end":2644.17},{"text":"undermine","start":2644.25,"end":2644.77},{"text":"the","start":2644.78,"end":2644.87},{"text":"stability","start":2644.87,"end":2645.43},{"text":"of","start":2645.46,"end":2645.58},{"text":"international","start":2645.58,"end":2646.21},{"text":"law","start":2646.21,"end":2646.44}]},{"text":"Indeed, the dangerous circularity of reasoning is already apparent from some of the recent judicial decision the commission relies on, which in turn cite the draft article themselves as reflecting existing international law on this issue.","start":2647.32,"end":2663.59,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Indeed","start":2647.32,"end":2647.66},{"text":"the","start":2647.68,"end":2647.76},{"text":"dangerous","start":2647.77,"end":2648.43},{"text":"circularity","start":2648.93,"end":2649.97},{"text":"of","start":2650.09,"end":2650.29},{"text":"reasoning","start":2650.33,"end":2650.95},{"text":"is","start":2650.96,"end":2651.12},{"text":"already","start":2651.13,"end":2651.66},{"text":"apparent","start":2651.66,"end":2652.1},{"text":"from","start":2652.1,"end":2652.31},{"text":"some","start":2652.31,"end":2652.57},{"text":"of","start":2652.57,"end":2652.66},{"text":"the","start":2652.67,"end":2652.77},{"text":"recent","start":2652.81,"end":2653.31},{"text":"judicial","start":2653.69,"end":2654.73},{"text":"decision","start":2655.05,"end":2655.69},{"text":"the","start":2656.13,"end":2656.21},{"text":"commission","start":2656.21,"end":2656.66},{"text":"relies","start":2656.68,"end":2657.07},{"text":"on","start":2657.07,"end":2657.25},{"text":"which","start":2657.77,"end":2658.01},{"text":"in","start":2658.01,"end":2658.12},{"text":"turn","start":2658.12,"end":2658.49},{"text":"cite","start":2658.77,"end":2659.16},{"text":"the","start":2659.17,"end":2659.28},{"text":"draft","start":2659.29,"end":2659.63},{"text":"article","start":2659.63,"end":2660.02},{"text":"themselves","start":2660.05,"end":2660.55},{"text":"as","start":2660.58,"end":2660.7},{"text":"reflecting","start":2660.7,"end":2661.26},{"text":"existing","start":2661.26,"end":2661.8},{"text":"international","start":2661.8,"end":2662.41},{"text":"law","start":2662.41,"end":2662.74},{"text":"on","start":2662.82,"end":2662.96},{"text":"this","start":2662.97,"end":2663.18},{"text":"issue","start":2663.19,"end":2663.59}]},{"text":"This risk this risk undermines the law and might cause serious international tension.","start":2664.24,"end":2669.25,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":2664.24,"end":2664.24},{"text":"risk","start":2664.85,"end":2664.85},{"text":"this","start":2664.85,"end":2665.08},{"text":"risk","start":2665.09,"end":2665.49},{"text":"undermines","start":2665.6,"end":2666.13},{"text":"the","start":2666.13,"end":2666.26},{"text":"law","start":2666.26,"end":2666.52},{"text":"and","start":2666.57,"end":2666.69},{"text":"might","start":2666.69,"end":2667.03},{"text":"cause","start":2667.33,"end":2667.65},{"text":"serious","start":2667.65,"end":2668.13},{"text":"international","start":2668.13,"end":2668.74},{"text":"tension","start":2668.74,"end":2669.25}]},{"text":"Madam chair, the proposed exception to the functional immunity enjoyed by state officials are not ground in the general practice and opinion.","start":2669.81,"end":2678.49,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":2669.81,"end":2670.13},{"text":"chair","start":2670.14,"end":2670.48},{"text":"the","start":2670.81,"end":2670.91},{"text":"proposed","start":2670.91,"end":2671.35},{"text":"exception","start":2671.71,"end":2672.41},{"text":"to","start":2672.43,"end":2672.58},{"text":"the","start":2672.59,"end":2672.8},{"text":"functional","start":2673.19,"end":2673.91},{"text":"immunity","start":2673.92,"end":2674.53},{"text":"enjoyed","start":2674.57,"end":2674.99},{"text":"by","start":2675,"end":2675.15},{"text":"state","start":2675.15,"end":2675.45},{"text":"officials","start":2675.45,"end":2675.99},{"text":"are","start":2676.03,"end":2676.14},{"text":"not","start":2676.15,"end":2676.39},{"text":"ground","start":2676.4,"end":2676.76},{"text":"in","start":2676.76,"end":2676.87},{"text":"the","start":2676.87,"end":2676.95},{"text":"general","start":2676.96,"end":2677.37},{"text":"practice","start":2677.38,"end":2677.96},{"text":"and","start":2678.35,"end":2678.49},{"text":"opinion","start":2678.49,"end":2678.49}]},{"text":"opinion juries.","start":2678.49,"end":2679.34,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"opinion","start":2678.49,"end":2678.92},{"text":"juries","start":2678.92,"end":2679.34}]},{"text":"They do not reflect the existing customary international law.","start":2679.63,"end":2682.45,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"They","start":2679.63,"end":2679.78},{"text":"do","start":2679.78,"end":2679.89},{"text":"not","start":2679.89,"end":2680.1},{"text":"reflect","start":2680.12,"end":2680.49},{"text":"the","start":2680.49,"end":2680.61},{"text":"existing","start":2680.61,"end":2681.09},{"text":"customary","start":2681.09,"end":2681.61},{"text":"international","start":2681.63,"end":2682.25},{"text":"law","start":2682.3,"end":2682.45}]},{"text":"The same applies to the proposed limitation of personal immunity to the troika alone, which turns counter to the significant body of practice.","start":2683.41,"end":2691.61,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":2683.41,"end":2683.56},{"text":"same","start":2683.56,"end":2683.81},{"text":"applies","start":2683.81,"end":2684.17},{"text":"to","start":2684.17,"end":2684.3},{"text":"the","start":2684.3,"end":2684.41},{"text":"proposed","start":2684.41,"end":2684.85},{"text":"limitation","start":2684.91,"end":2685.45},{"text":"of","start":2685.45,"end":2685.57},{"text":"personal","start":2685.59,"end":2686.23},{"text":"immunity","start":2686.24,"end":2686.81},{"text":"to","start":2686.81,"end":2686.99},{"text":"the","start":2687,"end":2687.13},{"text":"troika","start":2687.13,"end":2687.67},{"text":"alone","start":2687.67,"end":2687.97},{"text":"which","start":2688.34,"end":2688.62},{"text":"turns","start":2688.63,"end":2689.02},{"text":"counter","start":2689.02,"end":2689.47},{"text":"to","start":2689.49,"end":2689.63},{"text":"the","start":2689.63,"end":2689.75},{"text":"significant","start":2689.77,"end":2690.33},{"text":"body","start":2690.35,"end":2690.73},{"text":"of","start":2690.78,"end":2690.97},{"text":"practice","start":2690.99,"end":2691.61}]},{"text":"Therefore, an international convention is the only way to establish such new rules.","start":2692.18,"end":2696.71,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Therefore","start":2692.18,"end":2692.77},{"text":"an","start":2693.15,"end":2693.29},{"text":"international","start":2693.29,"end":2693.83},{"text":"convention","start":2693.83,"end":2694.41},{"text":"is","start":2694.41,"end":2694.52},{"text":"the","start":2694.53,"end":2694.61},{"text":"only","start":2694.61,"end":2694.84},{"text":"way","start":2694.84,"end":2695.04},{"text":"to","start":2695.05,"end":2695.2},{"text":"establish","start":2695.2,"end":2695.69},{"text":"such","start":2695.71,"end":2696.05},{"text":"new","start":2696.05,"end":2696.26},{"text":"rules","start":2696.29,"end":2696.71}]},{"text":"Needless to say, any such convention would bind only the states that choose to become parties to it without implication for third.","start":2697.02,"end":2704.75,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future 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this is not the time to elaborate on convention on this topic.","start":2705.59,"end":2709.63,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"However","start":2705.59,"end":2706.06},{"text":"this","start":2706.06,"end":2706.28},{"text":"is","start":2706.28,"end":2706.39},{"text":"not","start":2706.39,"end":2706.58},{"text":"the","start":2706.59,"end":2706.7},{"text":"time","start":2706.7,"end":2707.01},{"text":"to","start":2707.01,"end":2707.17},{"text":"elaborate","start":2707.2,"end":2707.75},{"text":"on","start":2707.77,"end":2707.92},{"text":"convention","start":2707.93,"end":2708.58},{"text":"on","start":2708.62,"end":2708.82},{"text":"this","start":2708.82,"end":2709.11},{"text":"topic","start":2709.17,"end":2709.63}]},{"text":"Moreover, given the above, Israel considers that the current text and commentaries cannot serve as an appropriate basis for negotiation on a convention.","start":2710.36,"end":2718.94,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Moreover","start":2710.36,"end":2710.99},{"text":"given","start":2711.01,"end":2711.34},{"text":"the","start":2711.37,"end":2711.49},{"text":"above","start":2711.49,"end":2711.87},{"text":"Israel","start":2711.93,"end":2712.29},{"text":"considers","start":2712.29,"end":2712.87},{"text":"that","start":2712.93,"end":2713.05},{"text":"the","start":2713.05,"end":2713.13},{"text":"current","start":2713.13,"end":2713.46},{"text":"text","start":2713.49,"end":2713.85},{"text":"and","start":2713.85,"end":2713.98},{"text":"commentaries","start":2713.98,"end":2714.65},{"text":"cannot","start":2714.92,"end":2715.32},{"text":"serve","start":2715.32,"end":2715.67},{"text":"as","start":2715.69,"end":2715.69},{"text":"an","start":2715.69,"end":2715.97},{"text":"appropriate","start":2715.98,"end":2716.55},{"text":"basis","start":2716.55,"end":2717.05},{"text":"for","start":2717.05,"end":2717.21},{"text":"negotiation","start":2717.21,"end":2717.21},{"text":"on","start":2718.05,"end":2718.23},{"text":"a","start":2718.23,"end":2718.29},{"text":"convention","start":2718.29,"end":2718.94}]},{"text":"Madam chair, the presidents the precedents have shown the adoption by the ILC of highly contested outcomes that do not properly address the serious concern raised by member states leads to disagreement in the Sixth Committee, a body which has longstand a history of consensus driven resolutions.","start":2719.99,"end":2740.56,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":2719.99,"end":2720.34},{"text":"chair","start":2720.37,"end":2720.66},{"text":"the","start":2720.85,"end":2720.95},{"text":"presidents","start":2720.97,"end":2721.72},{"text":"the","start":2721.79,"end":2721.9},{"text":"precedents","start":2721.9,"end":2722.73},{"text":"have","start":2722.77,"end":2722.89},{"text":"shown","start":2722.89,"end":2723.27},{"text":"the","start":2723.77,"end":2723.91},{"text":"adoption","start":2723.91,"end":2724.44},{"text":"by","start":2724.45,"end":2724.61},{"text":"the","start":2724.62,"end":2724.77},{"text":"ILC","start":2724.78,"end":2725.29},{"text":"of","start":2725.29,"end":2725.43},{"text":"highly","start":2725.45,"end":2725.84},{"text":"contested","start":2726.59,"end":2727.41},{"text":"outcomes","start":2727.48,"end":2728.1},{"text":"that","start":2728.13,"end":2728.25},{"text":"do","start":2728.29,"end":2728.42},{"text":"not","start":2728.42,"end":2728.65},{"text":"properly","start":2728.65,"end":2729.12},{"text":"address","start":2729.12,"end":2729.5},{"text":"the","start":2729.54,"end":2729.61},{"text":"serious","start":2729.61,"end":2730.01},{"text":"concern","start":2730.01,"end":2730.49},{"text":"raised","start":2730.49,"end":2730.73},{"text":"by","start":2730.73,"end":2730.83},{"text":"member","start":2730.88,"end":2731.15},{"text":"states","start":2731.16,"end":2731.55},{"text":"leads","start":2731.83,"end":2732.13},{"text":"to","start":2732.16,"end":2732.29},{"text":"disagreement","start":2732.29,"end":2733.15},{"text":"in","start":2733.95,"end":2734.08},{"text":"the","start":2734.08,"end":2734.15},{"text":"Sixth","start":2734.16,"end":2734.45},{"text":"Committee","start":2734.91,"end":2734.91},{"text":"a","start":2736.68,"end":2736.75},{"text":"body","start":2736.75,"end":2737.11},{"text":"which","start":2737.13,"end":2737.36},{"text":"has","start":2737.36,"end":2737.47},{"text":"longstand","start":2737.49,"end":2738.04},{"text":"a","start":2738.05,"end":2738.06},{"text":"history","start":2738.06,"end":2738.67},{"text":"of","start":2738.7,"end":2738.81},{"text":"consensus","start":2738.81,"end":2739.45},{"text":"driven","start":2739.45,"end":2739.81},{"text":"resolutions","start":2739.81,"end":2740.56}]},{"text":"Israel believes that the product at hand cannot be endorsed by the committee, nor can it be deemed suitable for further action by it.","start":2740.93,"end":2749.01,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Israel","start":2740.93,"end":2741.37},{"text":"believes","start":2741.37,"end":2741.82},{"text":"that","start":2741.85,"end":2742.01},{"text":"the","start":2742.01,"end":2742.11},{"text":"product","start":2742.13,"end":2742.71},{"text":"at","start":2742.77,"end":2742.9},{"text":"hand","start":2742.9,"end":2743.2},{"text":"cannot","start":2743.2,"end":2743.62},{"text":"be","start":2743.64,"end":2743.81},{"text":"endorsed","start":2743.81,"end":2744.27},{"text":"by","start":2744.27,"end":2744.44},{"text":"the","start":2744.45,"end":2744.53},{"text":"committee","start":2744.53,"end":2744.98},{"text":"nor","start":2745.44,"end":2745.69},{"text":"can","start":2745.69,"end":2745.89},{"text":"it","start":2745.89,"end":2746.02},{"text":"be","start":2746.02,"end":2746.29},{"text":"deemed","start":2746.37,"end":2746.77},{"text":"suitable","start":2746.77,"end":2747.37},{"text":"for","start":2747.67,"end":2747.85},{"text":"further","start":2747.85,"end":2748.21},{"text":"action","start":2748.22,"end":2748.58},{"text":"by","start":2748.58,"end":2748.81},{"text":"it","start":2748.83,"end":2749.01}]},{"text":"Thank you, Madam Chair.","start":2749.17,"end":2750.21,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":2749.17,"end":2749.48},{"text":"you","start":2749.48,"end":2749.58},{"text":"Madam","start":2749.6,"end":2749.91},{"text":"Chair","start":2749.92,"end":2750.21}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"ISR","group":null,"function":null,"affiliation_full":"Israel"}},{"statement_number":16,"start":2751.61,"pageUrl":"/zh/ga/c6/81/30?lang=floor&t=45:52","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank the distinguished representative of Israel for her statement, and I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Lithuania","start":2751.61,"end":2758.58,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":2751.61,"end":2751.76},{"text":"thank","start":2751.76,"end":2752.02},{"text":"the","start":2752.07,"end":2752.13},{"text":"distinguished","start":2752.13,"end":2752.77},{"text":"representative","start":2752.77,"end":2753.56},{"text":"of","start":2753.56,"end":2753.69},{"text":"Israel","start":2753.73,"end":2754.19},{"text":"for","start":2754.25,"end":2754.44},{"text":"her","start":2754.45,"end":2754.59},{"text":"statement","start":2754.59,"end":2755.22},{"text":"and","start":2755.22,"end":2755.33},{"text":"I","start":2755.33,"end":2755.4},{"text":"give","start":2755.41,"end":2755.61},{"text":"the","start":2755.65,"end":2755.7},{"text":"floor","start":2755.7,"end":2756.07},{"text":"to","start":2756.08,"end":2756.22},{"text":"the","start":2756.22,"end":2756.3},{"text":"distinguished","start":2756.3,"end":2756.84},{"text":"representative","start":2756.89,"end":2757.75},{"text":"of","start":2757.75,"end":2757.89},{"text":"Lithuania","start":2757.89,"end":2758.58}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"6th Committee","group":null,"function":"Chair","affiliation_full":"6th Committee"}},{"statement_number":17,"start":2764.04,"pageUrl":"/zh/ga/c6/81/30?lang=floor&t=46:05","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Madam chair distinguished delegates Lithuania recognizes the vital contribution of the international law commission to the codification and progressive development of international law, both of which are essential to upholding an international order based on the rule of law and international law.","start":2764.04,"end":2780.58,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":2764.04,"end":2764.42},{"text":"chair","start":2764.44,"end":2764.74},{"text":"distinguished","start":2764.74,"end":2765.28},{"text":"delegates","start":2765.29,"end":2765.87},{"text":"Lithuania","start":2765.94,"end":2766.5},{"text":"recognizes","start":2766.5,"end":2767.21},{"text":"the","start":2767.23,"end":2767.35},{"text":"vital","start":2767.35,"end":2767.77},{"text":"contribution","start":2767.77,"end":2768.49},{"text":"of","start":2768.53,"end":2768.66},{"text":"the","start":2768.67,"end":2768.73},{"text":"international","start":2768.73,"end":2769.33},{"text":"law","start":2769.34,"end":2769.49},{"text":"commission","start":2769.62,"end":2769.62},{"text":"to","start":2770.33,"end":2770.46},{"text":"the","start":2770.46,"end":2770.56},{"text":"codification","start":2770.57,"end":2771.38},{"text":"and","start":2771.42,"end":2771.56},{"text":"progressive","start":2771.56,"end":2772.08},{"text":"development","start":2772.09,"end":2772.71},{"text":"of","start":2772.73,"end":2772.86},{"text":"international","start":2772.86,"end":2773.63},{"text":"law","start":2773.97,"end":2774.26},{"text":"both","start":2774.57,"end":2774.88},{"text":"of","start":2774.93,"end":2775.05},{"text":"which","start":2775.05,"end":2775.29},{"text":"are","start":2775.33,"end":2775.45},{"text":"essential","start":2775.45,"end":2776.06},{"text":"to","start":2776.06,"end":2776.21},{"text":"upholding","start":2776.21,"end":2776.85},{"text":"an","start":2776.86,"end":2777.02},{"text":"international","start":2777.04,"end":2777.67},{"text":"order","start":2777.7,"end":2778},{"text":"based","start":2778.01,"end":2778.3},{"text":"on","start":2778.3,"end":2778.41},{"text":"the","start":2778.45,"end":2778.55},{"text":"rule","start":2778.57,"end":2778.79},{"text":"of","start":2778.79,"end":2778.93},{"text":"law","start":2778.93,"end":2779.17},{"text":"and","start":2779.41,"end":2779.61},{"text":"international","start":2779.61,"end":2780.29},{"text":"law","start":2780.29,"end":2780.58}]},{"text":"Lithuania emphasizes the importance of ensuring that the International Law Commission is provided with sufficient time and resources to effectively discharge its mandate.","start":2781.17,"end":2790.82,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Lithuania","start":2781.17,"end":2781.68},{"text":"emphasizes","start":2781.69,"end":2782.44},{"text":"the","start":2782.44,"end":2782.56},{"text":"importance","start":2782.57,"end":2782.57},{"text":"of","start":2783.17,"end":2783.32},{"text":"ensuring","start":2783.32,"end":2783.85},{"text":"that","start":2783.85,"end":2784.06},{"text":"the","start":2784.09,"end":2784.15},{"text":"International","start":2784.15,"end":2784.73},{"text":"Law","start":2784.73,"end":2784.89},{"text":"Commission","start":2785.01,"end":2785.44},{"text":"is","start":2785.74,"end":2785.88},{"text":"provided","start":2785.88,"end":2786.57},{"text":"with","start":2786.6,"end":2786.77},{"text":"sufficient","start":2786.77,"end":2787.36},{"text":"time","start":2787.36,"end":2787.68},{"text":"and","start":2787.68,"end":2787.79},{"text":"resources","start":2787.81,"end":2788.43},{"text":"to","start":2788.69,"end":2788.84},{"text":"effectively","start":2788.85,"end":2789.48},{"text":"discharge","start":2789.49,"end":2790.02},{"text":"its","start":2790.06,"end":2790.26},{"text":"mandate","start":2790.26,"end":2790.82}]},{"text":"In this regard, we welcome the fact that despite the budgetary constraints that limit limited the duration of its 76th session, the commission was able to meet for 11 weeks during its 77th session.","start":2791.25,"end":2804.64,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":2791.25,"end":2791.4},{"text":"this","start":2791.41,"end":2791.63},{"text":"regard","start":2791.63,"end":2792.08},{"text":"we","start":2792.13,"end":2792.29},{"text":"welcome","start":2792.29,"end":2792.72},{"text":"the","start":2792.73,"end":2792.82},{"text":"fact","start":2792.82,"end":2793.17},{"text":"that","start":2793.17,"end":2793.29},{"text":"despite","start":2793.33,"end":2793.76},{"text":"the","start":2793.77,"end":2793.87},{"text":"budgetary","start":2793.89,"end":2794.46},{"text":"constraints","start":2794.47,"end":2795.17},{"text":"that","start":2795.44,"end":2795.66},{"text":"limit","start":2795.66,"end":2795.84},{"text":"limited","start":2795.84,"end":2796.09},{"text":"the","start":2796.09,"end":2796.2},{"text":"duration","start":2796.2,"end":2796.76},{"text":"of","start":2796.77,"end":2796.96},{"text":"its","start":2796.96,"end":2797.15},{"text":"76th","start":2797.44,"end":2798.16},{"text":"session","start":2798.18,"end":2798.64},{"text":"the","start":2798.89,"end":2799},{"text":"commission","start":2799,"end":2799.5},{"text":"was","start":2799.5,"end":2799.71},{"text":"able","start":2799.76,"end":2800.07},{"text":"to","start":2800.08,"end":2800.24},{"text":"meet","start":2800.24,"end":2800.62},{"text":"for","start":2801.42,"end":2801.66},{"text":"11","start":2801.68,"end":2802.16},{"text":"weeks","start":2802.16,"end":2802.46},{"text":"during","start":2802.47,"end":2802.88},{"text":"its","start":2802.94,"end":2803.21},{"text":"77th","start":2803.25,"end":2804.12},{"text":"session","start":2804.12,"end":2804.64}]},{"text":"We hope that the commission will be allocated adequate time for its subsequent sessions, allowing it to to continue its important work in the codification and progressive development of international law.","start":2804.93,"end":2816.66,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":2804.93,"end":2805.06},{"text":"hope","start":2805.06,"end":2805.42},{"text":"that","start":2805.44,"end":2805.63},{"text":"the","start":2805.64,"end":2805.74},{"text":"commission","start":2805.74,"end":2806.26},{"text":"will","start":2806.27,"end":2806.42},{"text":"be","start":2806.45,"end":2806.59},{"text":"allocated","start":2806.6,"end":2807.25},{"text":"adequate","start":2807.29,"end":2807.68},{"text":"time","start":2807.68,"end":2808},{"text":"for","start":2808,"end":2808.16},{"text":"its","start":2808.16,"end":2808.28},{"text":"subsequent","start":2808.51,"end":2809.08},{"text":"sessions","start":2809.08,"end":2809.6},{"text":"allowing","start":2809.68,"end":2810.14},{"text":"it","start":2810.14,"end":2810.19},{"text":"to","start":2810.19,"end":2810.33},{"text":"to","start":2810.75,"end":2810.88},{"text":"continue","start":2810.88,"end":2811.44},{"text":"its","start":2811.72,"end":2811.94},{"text":"important","start":2811.94,"end":2812.43},{"text":"work","start":2812.44,"end":2812.76},{"text":"in","start":2812.78,"end":2812.93},{"text":"the","start":2812.93,"end":2813.02},{"text":"codification","start":2813.04,"end":2813.82},{"text":"and","start":2814.16,"end":2814.29},{"text":"progressive","start":2814.29,"end":2814.83},{"text":"development","start":2814.88,"end":2815.51},{"text":"of","start":2815.51,"end":2815.66},{"text":"international","start":2815.66,"end":2816.36},{"text":"law","start":2816.4,"end":2816.66}]},{"text":"On the issue of sea level rise, Lithuania fully aligns with the statement delivered by Latvia on behalf of the Baltic states on immunity of state officials from foreign criminal jurisdiction.","start":2817.44,"end":2828.48,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"On","start":2817.44,"end":2817.59},{"text":"the","start":2817.59,"end":2817.72},{"text":"issue","start":2817.76,"end":2818.01},{"text":"of","start":2818.06,"end":2818.24},{"text":"sea","start":2818.24,"end":2818.52},{"text":"level","start":2818.54,"end":2818.86},{"text":"rise","start":2818.86,"end":2819.19},{"text":"Lithuania","start":2819.2,"end":2819.72},{"text":"fully","start":2819.73,"end":2820.09},{"text":"aligns","start":2820.12,"end":2820.64},{"text":"with","start":2820.64,"end":2820.72},{"text":"the","start":2820.72,"end":2820.75},{"text":"statement","start":2820.75,"end":2821.32},{"text":"delivered","start":2821.32,"end":2821.71},{"text":"by","start":2821.72,"end":2821.83},{"text":"Latvia","start":2821.9,"end":2822.31},{"text":"on","start":2822.32,"end":2822.48},{"text":"behalf","start":2822.49,"end":2822.89},{"text":"of","start":2822.89,"end":2823.04},{"text":"the","start":2823.04,"end":2823.12},{"text":"Baltic","start":2823.13,"end":2823.52},{"text":"states","start":2823.52,"end":2824.02},{"text":"on","start":2824.68,"end":2824.86},{"text":"immunity","start":2824.9,"end":2825.47},{"text":"of","start":2825.48,"end":2825.64},{"text":"state","start":2825.64,"end":2825.64},{"text":"officials","start":2825.97,"end":2826.48},{"text":"from","start":2826.51,"end":2826.72},{"text":"foreign","start":2826.72,"end":2826.72},{"text":"criminal","start":2826.72,"end":2827.67},{"text":"jurisdiction","start":2827.67,"end":2828.48}]},{"text":"Madam chair, Lithuania welcomes the adoption on the second reading of the draft articles on immunity of state officials from foreign criminal jurisdiction together with the commentaries.","start":2829.19,"end":2838.93,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":2829.19,"end":2829.52},{"text":"chair","start":2829.52,"end":2829.82},{"text":"Lithuania","start":2829.84,"end":2830.36},{"text":"welcomes","start":2830.37,"end":2830.84},{"text":"the","start":2830.85,"end":2830.97},{"text":"adoption","start":2830.97,"end":2831.53},{"text":"on","start":2831.58,"end":2831.72},{"text":"the","start":2831.72,"end":2831.81},{"text":"second","start":2831.82,"end":2832.16},{"text":"reading","start":2832.16,"end":2832.58},{"text":"of","start":2832.61,"end":2832.75},{"text":"the","start":2832.75,"end":2832.81},{"text":"draft","start":2832.84,"end":2833.2},{"text":"articles","start":2833.21,"end":2833.74},{"text":"on","start":2833.76,"end":2833.92},{"text":"immunity","start":2833.96,"end":2834.48},{"text":"of","start":2834.52,"end":2834.64},{"text":"state","start":2834.65,"end":2834.83},{"text":"officials","start":2834.93,"end":2835.41},{"text":"from","start":2835.44,"end":2835.64},{"text":"foreign","start":2835.64,"end":2835.97},{"text":"criminal","start":2835.97,"end":2836.44},{"text":"jurisdiction","start":2836.46,"end":2837.15},{"text":"together","start":2837.45,"end":2837.84},{"text":"with","start":2837.84,"end":2838.04},{"text":"the","start":2838.05,"end":2838.16},{"text":"commentaries","start":2838.17,"end":2838.93}]},{"text":"This marks the conclusion of an important body of work undertaken by the International Law Commission over nearly two decades.","start":2839.38,"end":2847.08,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":2839.38,"end":2839.63},{"text":"marks","start":2839.64,"end":2840.07},{"text":"the","start":2840.07,"end":2840.2},{"text":"conclusion","start":2840.2,"end":2840.8},{"text":"of","start":2840.81,"end":2841.01},{"text":"an","start":2841.01,"end":2841.16},{"text":"important","start":2841.16,"end":2841.66},{"text":"body","start":2841.66,"end":2842.05},{"text":"of","start":2842.1,"end":2842.24},{"text":"work","start":2842.24,"end":2842.6},{"text":"undertaken","start":2842.62,"end":2843.22},{"text":"by","start":2843.23,"end":2843.42},{"text":"the","start":2843.44,"end":2843.44},{"text":"International","start":2843.44,"end":2844.05},{"text":"Law","start":2844.08,"end":2844.2},{"text":"Commission","start":2844.32,"end":2844.71},{"text":"over","start":2844.96,"end":2845.23},{"text":"nearly","start":2845.25,"end":2845.6},{"text":"two","start":2845.61,"end":2845.74},{"text":"decades","start":2845.76,"end":2847.08}]},{"text":"Lithuania especially welcomes the adoption of draft article six and inclusion of the crime of aggression among the crimes under international law, in respect of which immunity rationa materia shall not apply Lithuania regrets that the commission was unable to reach consensus and resorted to a vote on this important matter.","start":2847.62,"end":2868.04,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Lithuania","start":2847.62,"end":2848.14},{"text":"especially","start":2848.16,"end":2848.8},{"text":"welcomes","start":2848.81,"end":2849.27},{"text":"the","start":2849.28,"end":2849.36},{"text":"adoption","start":2849.36,"end":2849.91},{"text":"of","start":2849.98,"end":2850.13},{"text":"draft","start":2850.16,"end":2850.64},{"text":"article","start":2850.68,"end":2851.13},{"text":"six","start":2851.16,"end":2851.58},{"text":"and","start":2851.96,"end":2852.13},{"text":"inclusion","start":2852.14,"end":2852.7},{"text":"of","start":2852.74,"end":2852.88},{"text":"the","start":2852.88,"end":2852.97},{"text":"crime","start":2852.97,"end":2853.34},{"text":"of","start":2853.35,"end":2853.5},{"text":"aggression","start":2853.51,"end":2854.06},{"text":"among","start":2854.09,"end":2854.43},{"text":"the","start":2854.44,"end":2854.54},{"text":"crimes","start":2854.56,"end":2855.04},{"text":"under","start":2855.34,"end":2855.56},{"text":"international","start":2855.56,"end":2856.24},{"text":"law","start":2856.24,"end":2856.56},{"text":"in","start":2856.81,"end":2856.97},{"text":"respect","start":2857.02,"end":2857.53},{"text":"of","start":2857.53,"end":2857.6},{"text":"which","start":2857.64,"end":2857.89},{"text":"immunity","start":2857.91,"end":2858.68},{"text":"rationa","start":2859.02,"end":2859.58},{"text":"materia","start":2859.6,"end":2860.14},{"text":"shall","start":2860.14,"end":2860.35},{"text":"not","start":2860.36,"end":2860.6},{"text":"apply","start":2860.64,"end":2860.72},{"text":"Lithuania","start":2861.89,"end":2862.43},{"text":"regrets","start":2862.43,"end":2863.04},{"text":"that","start":2863.08,"end":2863.08},{"text":"the","start":2863.08,"end":2863.4},{"text":"commission","start":2863.4,"end":2863.81},{"text":"was","start":2863.82,"end":2864},{"text":"unable","start":2864.02,"end":2864.46},{"text":"to","start":2864.48,"end":2864.62},{"text":"reach","start":2864.62,"end":2864.92},{"text":"consensus","start":2864.92,"end":2865.56},{"text":"and","start":2865.58,"end":2865.71},{"text":"resorted","start":2865.72,"end":2866.21},{"text":"to","start":2866.24,"end":2866.41},{"text":"a","start":2866.41,"end":2866.49},{"text":"vote","start":2866.49,"end":2866.8},{"text":"on","start":2866.81,"end":2866.96},{"text":"this","start":2866.96,"end":2867.16},{"text":"important","start":2867.16,"end":2867.6},{"text":"matter","start":2867.61,"end":2868.04}]},{"text":"However, the provision received the support of 23 members of the commission compared to 21 who voted in favor of the corresponding article back in 2017.","start":2868.4,"end":2879.4,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"However","start":2868.4,"end":2868.9},{"text":"the","start":2868.92,"end":2869.02},{"text":"provision","start":2869.03,"end":2869.62},{"text":"received","start":2869.64,"end":2870.11},{"text":"the","start":2870.11,"end":2870.2},{"text":"support","start":2870.2,"end":2870.66},{"text":"of","start":2870.68,"end":2870.84},{"text":"23","start":2871.24,"end":2871.77},{"text":"members","start":2871.78,"end":2872.23},{"text":"of","start":2872.24,"end":2872.36},{"text":"the","start":2872.37,"end":2872.45},{"text":"commission","start":2872.45,"end":2872.96},{"text":"compared","start":2873.28,"end":2873.68},{"text":"to","start":2873.68,"end":2873.82},{"text":"21","start":2874.21,"end":2874.53},{"text":"who","start":2874.69,"end":2874.85},{"text":"voted","start":2874.87,"end":2875.27},{"text":"in","start":2875.27,"end":2875.37},{"text":"favor","start":2875.37,"end":2875.77},{"text":"of","start":2875.84,"end":2876.04},{"text":"the","start":2876.04,"end":2876.15},{"text":"corresponding","start":2876.15,"end":2876.84},{"text":"article","start":2876.88,"end":2877.4},{"text":"back","start":2877.81,"end":2878.17},{"text":"in","start":2878.17,"end":2878.34},{"text":"2017","start":2878.76,"end":2879.4}]},{"text":"Lithuania notes with appreciation the reference in the commentary to the to the draft article six to the case decided by the Supreme Court of Lithuania in June 2022.","start":2880.68,"end":2891.56,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Lithuania","start":2880.68,"end":2881.19},{"text":"notes","start":2881.2,"end":2881.51},{"text":"with","start":2881.52,"end":2881.72},{"text":"appreciation","start":2881.72,"end":2882.38},{"text":"the","start":2882.38,"end":2882.5},{"text":"reference","start":2882.52,"end":2883.1},{"text":"in","start":2883.12,"end":2883.23},{"text":"the","start":2883.24,"end":2883.33},{"text":"commentary","start":2883.33,"end":2883.94},{"text":"to","start":2883.95,"end":2884.08},{"text":"the","start":2884.08,"end":2884.22},{"text":"to","start":2884.6,"end":2884.73},{"text":"the","start":2884.73,"end":2884.84},{"text":"draft","start":2884.86,"end":2885.19},{"text":"article","start":2885.2,"end":2885.56},{"text":"six","start":2885.56,"end":2885.93},{"text":"to","start":2886.6,"end":2886.68},{"text":"the","start":2886.68,"end":2886.81},{"text":"case","start":2886.81,"end":2887.24},{"text":"decided","start":2887.36,"end":2887.81},{"text":"by","start":2887.81,"end":2888},{"text":"the","start":2888.01,"end":2888.12},{"text":"Supreme","start":2888.12,"end":2888.63},{"text":"Court","start":2888.64,"end":2888.92},{"text":"of","start":2888.93,"end":2889.04},{"text":"Lithuania","start":2889.04,"end":2889.69},{"text":"in","start":2890.01,"end":2890.19},{"text":"June","start":2890.19,"end":2890.54},{"text":"2022","start":2890.92,"end":2891.56}]},{"text":"This case holds particular significance for Lithuania as it concerned the tragic events of January 1991 in Vilnius, when violence by the occupying occupying forces still present on the territory of an independent state at the time resulted in the death of 14 people.","start":2892.2,"end":2910.09,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":2892.2,"end":2892.51},{"text":"case","start":2892.51,"end":2892.86},{"text":"holds","start":2892.86,"end":2893.15},{"text":"particular","start":2893.16,"end":2893.84},{"text":"significance","start":2893.84,"end":2894.54},{"text":"for","start":2894.55,"end":2894.66},{"text":"Lithuania","start":2894.68,"end":2895.27},{"text":"as","start":2895.36,"end":2895.59},{"text":"it","start":2895.59,"end":2895.69},{"text":"concerned","start":2895.69,"end":2896.19},{"text":"the","start":2896.2,"end":2896.3},{"text":"tragic","start":2896.32,"end":2896.81},{"text":"events","start":2896.82,"end":2897.24},{"text":"of","start":2897.25,"end":2897.38},{"text":"January","start":2897.38,"end":2898},{"text":"1991","start":2898.2,"end":2899.24},{"text":"in","start":2899.28,"end":2899.45},{"text":"Vilnius","start":2899.45,"end":2899.45},{"text":"when","start":2900.16,"end":2900.37},{"text":"violence","start":2900.38,"end":2900.93},{"text":"by","start":2900.94,"end":2901.13},{"text":"the","start":2901.14,"end":2901.25},{"text":"occupying","start":2901.25,"end":2901.83},{"text":"occupying","start":2902,"end":2902.6},{"text":"forces","start":2903.12,"end":2903.6},{"text":"still","start":2903.87,"end":2904.17},{"text":"present","start":2904.17,"end":2904.65},{"text":"on","start":2904.65,"end":2904.77},{"text":"the","start":2904.79,"end":2904.92},{"text":"territory","start":2904.92,"end":2905.47},{"text":"of","start":2905.49,"end":2905.67},{"text":"an","start":2905.67,"end":2905.8},{"text":"independent","start":2905.91,"end":2906.41},{"text":"state","start":2906.41,"end":2906.79},{"text":"at","start":2906.8,"end":2906.94},{"text":"the","start":2906.95,"end":2907.06},{"text":"time","start":2907.06,"end":2907.39},{"text":"resulted","start":2907.39,"end":2907.97},{"text":"in","start":2907.99,"end":2908.12},{"text":"the","start":2908.12,"end":2908.24},{"text":"death","start":2908.24,"end":2908.53},{"text":"of","start":2908.58,"end":2908.81},{"text":"14","start":2909.19,"end":2909.62},{"text":"people","start":2909.62,"end":2910.09}]},{"text":"The Supreme Court of Lithuania found that persons responsible for committing international crimes cannot rely on functional immunity from national or international jurisdiction, even if they committed these crimes while acting as public officials viewed in the context of the jurisprudence of other states and the draft articles adopted by the commission, this case further illustrates the importance of the shared commitment to ensure accountability for international crime crimes reflecting what the special rapporteur Mr. Mr. Claudio Grossman Gilov aptly described as a common interest in rejecting immunity impunity sorry.","start":2910.8,"end":2950.36,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":2910.8,"end":2910.93},{"text":"Supreme","start":2910.95,"end":2911.32},{"text":"Court","start":2911.32,"end":2911.57},{"text":"of","start":2911.58,"end":2911.68},{"text":"Lithuania","start":2911.68,"end":2912.17},{"text":"found","start":2912.17,"end":2912.56},{"text":"that","start":2912.6,"end":2912.8},{"text":"persons","start":2912.8,"end":2913.28},{"text":"responsible","start":2913.28,"end":2913.96},{"text":"for","start":2913.96,"end":2914.14},{"text":"committing","start":2914.16,"end":2914.67},{"text":"international","start":2914.67,"end":2915.3},{"text":"crimes","start":2915.3,"end":2915.69},{"text":"cannot","start":2915.93,"end":2916.4},{"text":"rely","start":2916.43,"end":2916.83},{"text":"on","start":2916.84,"end":2916.99},{"text":"functional","start":2917,"end":2917.62},{"text":"immunity","start":2917.72,"end":2918.24},{"text":"from","start":2918.24,"end":2918.48},{"text":"national","start":2918.49,"end":2919.01},{"text":"or","start":2919.04,"end":2919.14},{"text":"international","start":2919.14,"end":2919.83},{"text":"jurisdiction","start":2919.84,"end":2920.61},{"text":"even","start":2921.47,"end":2921.79},{"text":"if","start":2921.84,"end":2921.99},{"text":"they","start":2921.99,"end":2922.07},{"text":"committed","start":2922.08,"end":2922.59},{"text":"these","start":2922.59,"end":2922.79},{"text":"crimes","start":2922.79,"end":2923.16},{"text":"while","start":2923.16,"end":2923.37},{"text":"acting","start":2923.4,"end":2923.83},{"text":"as","start":2923.86,"end":2924.01},{"text":"public","start":2924.01,"end":2924.36},{"text":"officials","start":2924.36,"end":2924.96},{"text":"viewed","start":2925.45,"end":2925.82},{"text":"in","start":2925.82,"end":2925.93},{"text":"the","start":2925.93,"end":2926.04},{"text":"context","start":2926.04,"end":2926.54},{"text":"of","start":2926.55,"end":2926.68},{"text":"the","start":2926.72,"end":2926.91},{"text":"jurisprudence","start":2927.08,"end":2928.28},{"text":"of","start":2928.3,"end":2928.52},{"text":"other","start":2928.7,"end":2928.96},{"text":"states","start":2928.96,"end":2929.41},{"text":"and","start":2929.47,"end":2929.62},{"text":"the","start":2929.64,"end":2929.72},{"text":"draft","start":2929.73,"end":2930.07},{"text":"articles","start":2930.08,"end":2930.6},{"text":"adopted","start":2930.6,"end":2931.07},{"text":"by","start":2931.08,"end":2931.26},{"text":"the","start":2931.26,"end":2931.38},{"text":"commission","start":2931.38,"end":2931.94},{"text":"this","start":2932.27,"end":2932.52},{"text":"case","start":2932.53,"end":2932.87},{"text":"further","start":2932.89,"end":2933.32},{"text":"illustrates","start":2933.36,"end":2934.03},{"text":"the","start":2934.04,"end":2934.12},{"text":"importance","start":2934.15,"end":2934.82},{"text":"of","start":2935.2,"end":2935.33},{"text":"the","start":2935.36,"end":2935.45},{"text":"shared","start":2935.45,"end":2935.76},{"text":"commitment","start":2935.76,"end":2936.32},{"text":"to","start":2936.32,"end":2936.44},{"text":"ensure","start":2936.44,"end":2936.76},{"text":"accountability","start":2936.78,"end":2937.64},{"text":"for","start":2937.65,"end":2937.8},{"text":"international","start":2937.83,"end":2938.54},{"text":"crime","start":2938.55,"end":2938.83},{"text":"crimes","start":2938.83,"end":2938.98},{"text":"reflecting","start":2939.05,"end":2939.71},{"text":"what","start":2940.28,"end":2940.55},{"text":"the","start":2940.55,"end":2940.64},{"text":"special","start":2940.67,"end":2941.08},{"text":"rapporteur","start":2941.08,"end":2941.55},{"text":"Mr","start":2941.6,"end":2941.84},{"text":"Mr","start":2942.32,"end":2942.58},{"text":"Claudio","start":2942.59,"end":2943.04},{"text":"Grossman","start":2943.04,"end":2943.51},{"text":"Gilov","start":2943.52,"end":2943.92},{"text":"aptly","start":2944.32,"end":2944.34},{"text":"described","start":2944.34,"end":2945.4},{"text":"as","start":2945.47,"end":2945.74},{"text":"a","start":2946.08,"end":2946.18},{"text":"common","start":2946.21,"end":2946.64},{"text":"interest","start":2946.69,"end":2947.27},{"text":"in","start":2947.28,"end":2947.44},{"text":"rejecting","start":2947.44,"end":2948.06},{"text":"immunity","start":2948.16,"end":2948.88},{"text":"impunity","start":2949.32,"end":2950.02},{"text":"sorry","start":2950.02,"end":2950.36}]},{"text":"Madam Chair, furthermore Lithuania considers that the broad range of state judicial practice cited by the Commission together with the absence of objections to such practice by other states confirms that the rule codified in draft article six is a rule of customary international law.","start":2953.75,"end":2970.09,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":2953.75,"end":2954.16},{"text":"Chair","start":2954.16,"end":2954.41},{"text":"furthermore","start":2954.43,"end":2955},{"text":"Lithuania","start":2955,"end":2955.57},{"text":"considers","start":2955.57,"end":2956.16},{"text":"that","start":2956.16,"end":2956.22},{"text":"the","start":2956.22,"end":2956.61},{"text":"broad","start":2956.63,"end":2956.96},{"text":"range","start":2956.96,"end":2957.35},{"text":"of","start":2957.36,"end":2957.45},{"text":"state","start":2957.48,"end":2957.72},{"text":"judicial","start":2957.72,"end":2958.2},{"text":"practice","start":2958.2,"end":2958.84},{"text":"cited","start":2958.84,"end":2959.34},{"text":"by","start":2959.34,"end":2959.56},{"text":"the","start":2959.57,"end":2959.7},{"text":"Commission","start":2959.7,"end":2960.19},{"text":"together","start":2960.2,"end":2960.67},{"text":"with","start":2960.67,"end":2960.76},{"text":"the","start":2960.8,"end":2960.97},{"text":"absence","start":2960.98,"end":2961.44},{"text":"of","start":2961.44,"end":2961.6},{"text":"objections","start":2961.64,"end":2962.4},{"text":"to","start":2962.71,"end":2962.82},{"text":"such","start":2962.83,"end":2963.08},{"text":"practice","start":2963.08,"end":2963.48},{"text":"by","start":2963.49,"end":2963.66},{"text":"other","start":2963.72,"end":2963.96},{"text":"states","start":2963.96,"end":2964.32},{"text":"confirms","start":2964.32,"end":2964.32},{"text":"that","start":2965.28,"end":2965.45},{"text":"the","start":2965.48,"end":2965.61},{"text":"rule","start":2965.61,"end":2965.86},{"text":"codified","start":2965.86,"end":2966.47},{"text":"in","start":2966.47,"end":2966.6},{"text":"draft","start":2966.6,"end":2966.95},{"text":"article","start":2966.96,"end":2967.36},{"text":"six","start":2967.36,"end":2967.71},{"text":"is","start":2967.76,"end":2967.94},{"text":"a","start":2967.94,"end":2967.98},{"text":"rule","start":2968,"end":2968.24},{"text":"of","start":2968.28,"end":2968.45},{"text":"customary","start":2968.46,"end":2969.04},{"text":"international","start":2969.04,"end":2969.8},{"text":"law","start":2969.8,"end":2970.09}]},{"text":"Lithuania supports the Commission's recommendation that the General Assembly or an international conference of plenipotentiaries consider elaborating a convention on the basis of draft articles at an appropriate time.","start":2970.69,"end":2984.55,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Lithuania","start":2970.69,"end":2971.18},{"text":"supports","start":2971.2,"end":2971.6},{"text":"the","start":2971.6,"end":2971.71},{"text":"Commission's","start":2971.71,"end":2972.23},{"text":"recommendation","start":2972.23,"end":2973.12},{"text":"that","start":2973.16,"end":2973.36},{"text":"the","start":2973.36,"end":2973.47},{"text":"General","start":2973.47,"end":2973.92},{"text":"Assembly","start":2973.97,"end":2974.83},{"text":"or","start":2975.2,"end":2975.32},{"text":"an","start":2975.36,"end":2975.46},{"text":"international","start":2975.46,"end":2976.1},{"text":"conference","start":2976.1,"end":2976.67},{"text":"of","start":2976.68,"end":2977.52},{"text":"plenipotentiaries","start":2977.53,"end":2978.57},{"text":"consider","start":2978.57,"end":2979.11},{"text":"elaborating","start":2979.48,"end":2980.26},{"text":"a","start":2980.31,"end":2980.37},{"text":"convention","start":2980.37,"end":2981.01},{"text":"on","start":2981.07,"end":2981.22},{"text":"the","start":2981.22,"end":2981.31},{"text":"basis","start":2981.31,"end":2981.75},{"text":"of","start":2981.75,"end":2981.88},{"text":"draft","start":2982.01,"end":2982.39},{"text":"articles","start":2982.39,"end":2982.92},{"text":"at","start":2983.29,"end":2983.46},{"text":"an","start":2983.46,"end":2983.6},{"text":"appropriate","start":2983.61,"end":2984.11},{"text":"time","start":2984.19,"end":2984.55}]},{"text":"While many of the draft articles reflect existing rules of customary international law, Lithuania considers that a multilateral convention could provide significant added value.","start":2985.06,"end":2995.7,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"While","start":2985.06,"end":2985.3},{"text":"many","start":2985.31,"end":2985.59},{"text":"of","start":2985.59,"end":2985.71},{"text":"the","start":2985.71,"end":2985.81},{"text":"draft","start":2985.82,"end":2986.16},{"text":"articles","start":2986.16,"end":2986.67},{"text":"reflect","start":2986.67,"end":2987.26},{"text":"existing","start":2987.28,"end":2987.81},{"text":"rules","start":2987.81,"end":2988.15},{"text":"of","start":2988.17,"end":2988.29},{"text":"customary","start":2988.29,"end":2988.75},{"text":"international","start":2988.75,"end":2989.39},{"text":"law","start":2989.39,"end":2989.67},{"text":"Lithuania","start":2990.11,"end":2990.56},{"text":"considers","start":2990.56,"end":2990.56},{"text":"that","start":2991.24,"end":2991.49},{"text":"a","start":2991.49,"end":2991.54},{"text":"multilateral","start":2991.55,"end":2992.33},{"text":"convention","start":2992.34,"end":2993.01},{"text":"could","start":2993.35,"end":2993.53},{"text":"provide","start":2993.53,"end":2994},{"text":"significant","start":2994.01,"end":2994.84},{"text":"added","start":2994.87,"end":2995.19},{"text":"value","start":2995.21,"end":2995.7}]},{"text":"In particular, it could strengthen judicial and law enforcement cooperation, facilitate the effective prosecution of perpetrators of international crimes in accordance with international law and promote greater consistency in the application of rules governing immunities across jurisdiction.","start":2996.07,"end":3013.17,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":2996.07,"end":2996.21},{"text":"particular","start":2996.23,"end":2996.83},{"text":"it","start":2996.89,"end":2997.07},{"text":"could","start":2997.07,"end":2997.25},{"text":"strengthen","start":2997.27,"end":2997.79},{"text":"judicial","start":2997.83,"end":2998.38},{"text":"and","start":2998.4,"end":2998.54},{"text":"law","start":2998.55,"end":2998.76},{"text":"enforcement","start":2998.79,"end":2999.3},{"text":"cooperation","start":2999.3,"end":3000.05},{"text":"facilitate","start":3000.44,"end":3001.13},{"text":"the","start":3001.15,"end":3001.24},{"text":"effective","start":3001.24,"end":3001.71},{"text":"prosecution","start":3001.75,"end":3002.58},{"text":"of","start":3002.61,"end":3002.75},{"text":"perpetrators","start":3002.77,"end":3003.59},{"text":"of","start":3003.59,"end":3003.71},{"text":"international","start":3003.71,"end":3004.35},{"text":"crimes","start":3004.36,"end":3004.78},{"text":"in","start":3005.14,"end":3005.27},{"text":"accordance","start":3005.27,"end":3005.79},{"text":"with","start":3005.8,"end":3005.99},{"text":"international","start":3006.03,"end":3006.71},{"text":"law","start":3006.71,"end":3007.03},{"text":"and","start":3007.44,"end":3007.58},{"text":"promote","start":3007.58,"end":3008.07},{"text":"greater","start":3008.07,"end":3008.57},{"text":"consistency","start":3008.57,"end":3009.38},{"text":"in","start":3009.43,"end":3009.59},{"text":"the","start":3009.6,"end":3009.71},{"text":"application","start":3009.71,"end":3010.39},{"text":"of","start":3010.43,"end":3010.59},{"text":"rules","start":3010.59,"end":3010.95},{"text":"governing","start":3010.99,"end":3011.48},{"text":"immunities","start":3011.51,"end":3012.07},{"text":"across","start":3012.11,"end":3012.43},{"text":"jurisdiction","start":3012.43,"end":3013.17}]},{"text":"Such an approach would also be consistent with the process in initiated in relation to the draft articles on the prevention and punishment of crimes against humanity.","start":3013.78,"end":3023.19,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Such","start":3013.78,"end":3014.06},{"text":"an","start":3014.07,"end":3014.19},{"text":"approach","start":3014.19,"end":3014.59},{"text":"would","start":3014.59,"end":3014.76},{"text":"also","start":3014.76,"end":3015.05},{"text":"be","start":3015.05,"end":3015.24},{"text":"consistent","start":3015.25,"end":3015.91},{"text":"with","start":3015.95,"end":3016.08},{"text":"the","start":3016.08,"end":3016.15},{"text":"process","start":3016.17,"end":3016.68},{"text":"in","start":3016.68,"end":3016.82},{"text":"initiated","start":3016.82,"end":3017.19},{"text":"in","start":3017.19,"end":3017.3},{"text":"relation","start":3017.32,"end":3017.81},{"text":"to","start":3017.82,"end":3017.92},{"text":"the","start":3017.93,"end":3018.02},{"text":"draft","start":3018.03,"end":3018.38},{"text":"articles","start":3018.39,"end":3018.91},{"text":"on","start":3019.24,"end":3019.39},{"text":"the","start":3019.39,"end":3019.48},{"text":"prevention","start":3019.51,"end":3020.57},{"text":"and","start":3020.57,"end":3020.71},{"text":"punishment","start":3020.71,"end":3021.3},{"text":"of","start":3021.31,"end":3021.49},{"text":"crimes","start":3021.49,"end":3021.89},{"text":"against","start":3021.91,"end":3022.38},{"text":"humanity","start":3022.46,"end":3023.19}]},{"text":"On general principles of law, Lithuania commends the Commission for the successful completion of its work on the draft conclusions on general principles of law adopted on second reading together with the commentaries.","start":3024.07,"end":3036.98,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. 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Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"Lithuania","start":3037.56,"end":3037.99},{"text":"considers","start":3037.99,"end":3038.69},{"text":"it","start":3038.89,"end":3039.07},{"text":"valuable","start":3039.07,"end":3039.74},{"text":"that","start":3039.75,"end":3039.99},{"text":"in","start":3040.03,"end":3040.14},{"text":"addition","start":3040.14,"end":3040.54},{"text":"to","start":3040.55,"end":3040.72},{"text":"outlining","start":3040.73,"end":3041.38},{"text":"the","start":3041.38,"end":3041.54},{"text":"methodology","start":3041.63,"end":3042.44},{"text":"for","start":3042.45,"end":3042.68},{"text":"identifying","start":3042.79,"end":3043.52},{"text":"general","start":3043.53,"end":3044.01},{"text":"principles","start":3044.03,"end":3044.64},{"text":"of","start":3044.67,"end":3044.82},{"text":"law","start":3044.83,"end":3045.07},{"text":"as","start":3045.49,"end":3045.66},{"text":"a","start":3045.67,"end":3045.71},{"text":"source","start":3045.72,"end":3046.03},{"text":"of","start":3046.06,"end":3046.19},{"text":"international","start":3046.19,"end":3046.88},{"text":"law","start":3046.88,"end":3047.1},{"text":"the","start":3047.52,"end":3047.62},{"text":"commentaries","start":3047.62,"end":3048.26},{"text":"also","start":3048.27,"end":3048.6},{"text":"provide","start":3048.6,"end":3049.11},{"text":"a","start":3049.15,"end":3049.21},{"text":"non","start":3049.21,"end":3049.54},{"text":"exhaustive","start":3049.59,"end":3050.15},{"text":"list","start":3050.15,"end":3050.51},{"text":"of","start":3050.54,"end":3050.65},{"text":"general","start":3050.65,"end":3051.11},{"text":"principles","start":3051.11,"end":3051.75},{"text":"that","start":3052.19,"end":3052.41},{"text":"have","start":3052.41,"end":3052.55},{"text":"been","start":3052.59,"end":3052.88},{"text":"identified","start":3053.2,"end":3053.97},{"text":"as","start":3054.03,"end":3054.15},{"text":"such","start":3054.15,"end":3054.55}]},{"text":"Lithuania also appreciates the clarification of the term international courts and tribunals in draft conclusion number eight.","start":3055.04,"end":3062.29,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"Lithuania","start":3055.04,"end":3055.58},{"text":"also","start":3055.59,"end":3055.82},{"text":"appreciates","start":3055.94,"end":3056.63},{"text":"the","start":3056.65,"end":3056.79},{"text":"clarification","start":3056.79,"end":3057.76},{"text":"of","start":3057.81,"end":3057.92},{"text":"the","start":3057.92,"end":3058.03},{"text":"term","start":3058.03,"end":3058.33},{"text":"international","start":3058.35,"end":3059.07},{"text":"courts","start":3059.08,"end":3059.38},{"text":"and","start":3059.38,"end":3059.5},{"text":"tribunals","start":3059.5,"end":3060.2},{"text":"in","start":3060.21,"end":3060.35},{"text":"draft","start":3060.35,"end":3060.68},{"text":"conclusion","start":3060.69,"end":3061.3},{"text":"number","start":3061.59,"end":3061.92},{"text":"eight","start":3061.95,"end":3062.29}]},{"text":"Madam chair, on inclusion of a new topic in the program of work, Lithuania positively notes the inclusion of the topic identification and legal consequences of obligations ergo omnis international law in the commission's program of work.","start":3063.59,"end":3077.97,"topics":[{"key":"erga-omnes-obligations","label":"Erga Omnes Obligations","description":"Speakers discussed the identification and legal consequences of obligations owed to the international community as a whole. Issues included their distinction from peremptory norms, the invocation of state responsibility, and concerns about their use in politically motivated proceedings."}],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":3063.59,"end":3063.95},{"text":"chair","start":3063.95,"end":3064.25},{"text":"on","start":3065,"end":3065.2},{"text":"inclusion","start":3065.21,"end":3065.71},{"text":"of","start":3065.74,"end":3065.9},{"text":"a","start":3065.91,"end":3065.96},{"text":"new","start":3065.97,"end":3066.15},{"text":"topic","start":3066.16,"end":3066.64},{"text":"in","start":3066.86,"end":3067.02},{"text":"the","start":3067.03,"end":3067.11},{"text":"program","start":3067.11,"end":3067.52},{"text":"of","start":3067.55,"end":3067.71},{"text":"work","start":3067.75,"end":3068.06},{"text":"Lithuania","start":3068.11,"end":3068.69},{"text":"positively","start":3068.69,"end":3069.35},{"text":"notes","start":3069.35,"end":3069.79},{"text":"the","start":3069.79,"end":3069.89},{"text":"inclusion","start":3069.89,"end":3070.42},{"text":"of","start":3070.43,"end":3070.69},{"text":"the","start":3070.69,"end":3070.73},{"text":"topic","start":3070.75,"end":3071.15},{"text":"identification","start":3071.19,"end":3072.23},{"text":"and","start":3072.24,"end":3072.36},{"text":"legal","start":3072.37,"end":3072.69},{"text":"consequences","start":3072.69,"end":3073.47},{"text":"of","start":3073.51,"end":3073.75},{"text":"obligations","start":3073.75,"end":3074.4},{"text":"ergo","start":3074.43,"end":3074.73},{"text":"omnis","start":3074.76,"end":3075.2},{"text":"international","start":3075.22,"end":3075.95},{"text":"law","start":3075.95,"end":3076.27},{"text":"in","start":3076.33,"end":3076.47},{"text":"the","start":3076.47,"end":3076.6},{"text":"commission's","start":3076.6,"end":3077.1},{"text":"program","start":3077.11,"end":3077.5},{"text":"of","start":3077.5,"end":3077.61},{"text":"work","start":3077.61,"end":3077.97}]},{"text":"And the appointment of Mr. Masahiko Sadas special rapporteur.","start":3078.67,"end":3082.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"And","start":3078.67,"end":3078.85},{"text":"the","start":3078.86,"end":3078.95},{"text":"appointment","start":3078.95,"end":3079.53},{"text":"of","start":3079.55,"end":3079.85},{"text":"Mr","start":3079.91,"end":3080.38},{"text":"Masahiko","start":3080.43,"end":3081.16},{"text":"Sadas","start":3081.23,"end":3081.81},{"text":"special","start":3081.81,"end":3082.25},{"text":"rapporteur","start":3082.26,"end":3082.87}]},{"text":"We are looking forward to further elaboration of this topic.","start":3083.32,"end":3086.21,"topics":[{"key":"erga-omnes-obligations","label":"Erga Omnes Obligations","description":"Speakers discussed the identification and legal consequences of obligations owed to the international community as a whole. Issues included their distinction from peremptory norms, the invocation of state responsibility, and concerns about their use in politically motivated proceedings."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":3083.32,"end":3083.47},{"text":"are","start":3083.47,"end":3083.53},{"text":"looking","start":3083.53,"end":3083.85},{"text":"forward","start":3083.87,"end":3084.19},{"text":"to","start":3084.23,"end":3084.35},{"text":"further","start":3084.35,"end":3084.67},{"text":"elaboration","start":3084.67,"end":3085.38},{"text":"of","start":3085.43,"end":3085.55},{"text":"this","start":3085.57,"end":3085.75},{"text":"topic","start":3085.76,"end":3086.21}]},{"text":"Finally, we express our sincere appreciation to the International Law Commission for its significant work and comprehensive report Lithuania reaffirms its unwavering support for the ILC and looks forward to continued engagement.","start":3086.95,"end":3100.55,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Finally","start":3086.95,"end":3087.55},{"text":"we","start":3087.88,"end":3088.06},{"text":"express","start":3088.07,"end":3088.57},{"text":"our","start":3088.59,"end":3088.79},{"text":"sincere","start":3088.83,"end":3089.19},{"text":"appreciation","start":3089.19,"end":3089.86},{"text":"to","start":3089.87,"end":3090},{"text":"the","start":3090.01,"end":3090.14},{"text":"International","start":3090.14,"end":3090.73},{"text":"Law","start":3090.75,"end":3090.89},{"text":"Commission","start":3090.89,"end":3091.42},{"text":"for","start":3091.43,"end":3091.61},{"text":"its","start":3091.61,"end":3091.74},{"text":"significant","start":3091.75,"end":3092.53},{"text":"work","start":3092.53,"end":3092.87},{"text":"and","start":3093.25,"end":3093.36},{"text":"comprehensive","start":3093.36,"end":3094.11},{"text":"report","start":3094.11,"end":3094.6},{"text":"Lithuania","start":3095.03,"end":3095.5},{"text":"reaffirms","start":3095.5,"end":3096.05},{"text":"its","start":3096.07,"end":3096.23},{"text":"unwavering","start":3096.23,"end":3096.82},{"text":"support","start":3096.83,"end":3097.23},{"text":"for","start":3097.23,"end":3097.39},{"text":"the","start":3097.39,"end":3097.51},{"text":"ILC","start":3097.55,"end":3098.14},{"text":"and","start":3098.19,"end":3098.38},{"text":"looks","start":3098.39,"end":3098.64},{"text":"forward","start":3098.68,"end":3099.03},{"text":"to","start":3099.06,"end":3099.19},{"text":"continued","start":3099.19,"end":3099.77},{"text":"engagement","start":3099.79,"end":3100.55}]},{"text":"I thank you.","start":3100.88,"end":3101.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":3100.88,"end":3100.97},{"text":"thank","start":3100.98,"end":3101.27},{"text":"you","start":3101.3,"end":3101.43}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"LTU","group":null,"function":null,"affiliation_full":"Lithuania"}},{"statement_number":18,"start":3102.79,"pageUrl":"/zh/ga/c6/81/30?lang=floor&t=51:43","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank the distinguished representative of Lithuania for her statement.","start":3102.79,"end":3107.04,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":3102.79,"end":3103.15},{"text":"the","start":3103.19,"end":3103.29},{"text":"distinguished","start":3103.3,"end":3103.94},{"text":"representative","start":3103.94,"end":3104.83},{"text":"of","start":3104.83,"end":3104.99},{"text":"Lithuania","start":3104.99,"end":3105.77},{"text":"for","start":3105.79,"end":3106.07},{"text":"her","start":3106.07,"end":3106.23},{"text":"statement","start":3106.24,"end":3107.04}]},{"text":"Before proceeding to the next speaker on my list, I understand that the special rapporteur on the topic, immunity of state officials from foreign criminal jurisdiction, Mr. Claudio Grossman, wishes to make remarks at this juncture as he will be unable to attend the remainder of the debate on cluster 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give the floor to Mr. Grossman.","start":3127.8,"end":3129.45,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":3127.8,"end":3127.91},{"text":"give","start":3127.91,"end":3128.08},{"text":"the","start":3128.09,"end":3128.2},{"text":"floor","start":3128.2,"end":3128.5},{"text":"to","start":3128.51,"end":3128.66},{"text":"Mr","start":3128.68,"end":3128.97},{"text":"Grossman","start":3128.98,"end":3129.45}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"6th Committee","group":null,"function":"Chair","affiliation_full":"6th Committee"}},{"statement_number":19,"start":3133.01,"pageUrl":"/zh/ga/c6/81/30?lang=floor&t=52:14","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Muchas gracias a todos por estar aquí como representantes de los estados, ustedes son los actores desde luego fundamentales de la comunidad 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agradecer a quienes me precedieron en este tema, el doctor Colotken y la doctora Concepción Escobar Hernández, cuyo trabajo ha constituido una valiosa base para este proyecto Agradezco también a la secretaría de la comisión por su profesionalismo.","start":3145.99,"end":3165.52,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Quiero","start":3145.99,"end":3146.27},{"text":"agradecer","start":3146.3,"end":3146.76},{"text":"a","start":3147.01,"end":3147.19},{"text":"quienes","start":3147.19,"end":3147.55},{"text":"me","start":3147.55,"end":3147.68},{"text":"precedieron","start":3147.69,"end":3148.63},{"text":"en","start":3148.63,"end":3148.79},{"text":"este","start":3148.79,"end":3149.18},{"text":"tema","start":3149.19,"end":3149.67},{"text":"el","start":3150.17,"end":3150.37},{"text":"doctor","start":3150.38,"end":3150.82},{"text":"Colotken","start":3150.83,"end":3151.59},{"text":"y","start":3151.59,"end":3151.71},{"text":"la","start":3151.71,"end":3151.89},{"text":"doctora","start":3151.89,"end":3152.39},{"text":"Concepción","start":3152.39,"end":3153.23},{"text":"Escobar","start":3153.27,"end":3154.03},{"text":"Hernández","start":3154.15,"end":3155},{"text":"cuyo","start":3155.68,"end":3156.01},{"text":"trabajo","start":3156.01,"end":3156.65},{"text":"ha","start":3156.67,"end":3156.73},{"text":"constituido","start":3156.73,"end":3157.67},{"text":"una","start":3157.67,"end":3157.98},{"text":"valiosa","start":3157.99,"end":3158.66},{"text":"base","start":3158.66,"end":3159.1},{"text":"para","start":3159.1,"end":3159.31},{"text":"este","start":3159.31,"end":3159.56},{"text":"proyecto","start":3159.56,"end":3159.82},{"text":"Agradezco","start":3160.91,"end":3161.49},{"text":"también","start":3161.5,"end":3162.02},{"text":"a","start":3162.02,"end":3162.1},{"text":"la","start":3162.1,"end":3162.35},{"text":"secretaría","start":3162.35,"end":3163.07},{"text":"de","start":3163.08,"end":3163.15},{"text":"la","start":3163.15,"end":3163.3},{"text":"comisión","start":3163.3,"end":3163.87},{"text":"por","start":3163.89,"end":3164.1},{"text":"su","start":3164.1,"end":3164.34},{"text":"profesionalismo","start":3164.35,"end":3165.52}]},{"text":"Finalmente quisiera agradecer, expresar mi agradecimiento a los miembros de la comisión, Ha sido un privilegio aprender de ellos.","start":3166.42,"end":3176.38,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Finalmente","start":3166.42,"end":3167.41},{"text":"quisiera","start":3167.42,"end":3167.84},{"text":"agradecer","start":3167.86,"end":3168.55},{"text":"expresar","start":3169.06,"end":3169.58},{"text":"mi","start":3169.58,"end":3169.7},{"text":"agradecimiento","start":3169.7,"end":3170.61},{"text":"a","start":3170.61,"end":3170.74},{"text":"los","start":3170.74,"end":3170.98},{"text":"miembros","start":3170.98,"end":3171.57},{"text":"de","start":3171.57,"end":3171.66},{"text":"la","start":3171.66,"end":3171.81},{"text":"comisión","start":3171.82,"end":3172.34},{"text":"Ha","start":3172.98,"end":3173.11},{"text":"sido","start":3173.11,"end":3173.43},{"text":"un","start":3173.43,"end":3173.57},{"text":"privilegio","start":3173.57,"end":3174.47},{"text":"aprender","start":3175.15,"end":3175.8},{"text":"de","start":3175.8,"end":3175.98},{"text":"ellos","start":3175.98,"end":3176.38}]},{"text":"La conclusión de los trabajos de la Comisión sobre el tema de la inmunidad de jurisdicción penal extranjera de los funcionarios de los estados reviste una gran importancia.","start":3177.14,"end":3189.95,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. 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mi nombramiento he presentado dos informes y mi responsabilidad ha consistido en orientar el proyecto artículo a través de los trabajos de la comisión hasta su conclusión y hacer propuestas adicionales.","start":3215.73,"end":3230.85,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Desde","start":3215.73,"end":3216.08},{"text":"mi","start":3216.08,"end":3216.23},{"text":"nombramiento","start":3216.26,"end":3217.17},{"text":"he","start":3217.17,"end":3217.28},{"text":"presentado","start":3217.29,"end":3217.96},{"text":"dos","start":3217.96,"end":3218.18},{"text":"informes","start":3218.18,"end":3218.98},{"text":"y","start":3219.45,"end":3219.58},{"text":"mi","start":3219.59,"end":3219.78},{"text":"responsabilidad","start":3219.78,"end":3220.74},{"text":"ha","start":3220.74,"end":3220.8},{"text":"consistido","start":3220.81,"end":3221.39},{"text":"en","start":3221.39,"end":3221.5},{"text":"orientar","start":3221.5,"end":3222.23},{"text":"el","start":3222.26,"end":3222.44},{"text":"proyecto","start":3222.44,"end":3223.05},{"text":"artículo","start":3223.05,"end":3223.73},{"text":"a","start":3224.19,"end":3224.34},{"text":"través","start":3224.34,"end":3224.73},{"text":"de","start":3224.74,"end":3224.81},{"text":"los","start":3224.85,"end":3225.02},{"text":"trabajos","start":3225.02,"end":3225.66},{"text":"de","start":3225.7,"end":3225.87},{"text":"la","start":3225.87,"end":3226.02},{"text":"comisión","start":3226.02,"end":3226.73},{"text":"hasta","start":3227.23,"end":3227.54},{"text":"su","start":3227.54,"end":3227.7},{"text":"conclusión","start":3227.7,"end":3228.47},{"text":"y","start":3228.47,"end":3228.63},{"text":"hacer","start":3228.63,"end":3229.02},{"text":"propuestas","start":3229.02,"end":3229.82},{"text":"adicionales","start":3229.83,"end":3230.85}]},{"text":"El presidente de la comisión ya ha abordado el tema en detalle y teniendo en cuenta las las observaciones formuladas por los estados aquí quisiera concentrarme principalmente en los avances que tuvieron lugar este año.","start":3231.5,"end":3248.12,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"El","start":3231.5,"end":3231.66},{"text":"presidente","start":3231.66,"end":3232.34},{"text":"de","start":3232.34,"end":3232.37},{"text":"la","start":3232.37,"end":3232.49},{"text":"comisión","start":3232.5,"end":3233.13},{"text":"ya","start":3233.14,"end":3233.39},{"text":"ha","start":3233.39,"end":3233.42},{"text":"abordado","start":3233.42,"end":3234.14},{"text":"el","start":3234.17,"end":3234.35},{"text":"tema","start":3234.35,"end":3234.74},{"text":"en","start":3234.74,"end":3234.85},{"text":"detalle","start":3234.86,"end":3235.5},{"text":"y","start":3235.98,"end":3236.12},{"text":"teniendo","start":3236.14,"end":3236.52},{"text":"en","start":3236.52,"end":3236.85},{"text":"cuenta","start":3236.85,"end":3237.34},{"text":"las","start":3237.34,"end":3237.66},{"text":"las","start":3238.29,"end":3238.58},{"text":"observaciones","start":3238.64,"end":3239.5},{"text":"formuladas","start":3239.51,"end":3240.18},{"text":"por","start":3240.18,"end":3240.38},{"text":"los","start":3240.38,"end":3240.53},{"text":"estados","start":3240.54,"end":3241.12},{"text":"aquí","start":3241.76,"end":3242.27},{"text":"quisiera","start":3242.34,"end":3242.79},{"text":"concentrarme","start":3242.79,"end":3243.67},{"text":"principalmente","start":3244.12,"end":3245.52},{"text":"en","start":3245.52,"end":3245.72},{"text":"los","start":3245.72,"end":3246},{"text":"avances","start":3246,"end":3246.56},{"text":"que","start":3246.57,"end":3246.76},{"text":"tuvieron","start":3246.76,"end":3247.16},{"text":"lugar","start":3247.16,"end":3247.48},{"text":"este","start":3247.49,"end":3247.78},{"text":"año","start":3247.78,"end":3248.12}]},{"text":"Me referiré en primer lugar al proyecto de artículo seis, segundo lugar a la definición del ejercicio de la jurisdicción penal, en tercer lugar a la notificación del estado del funcionario, y a otras salvaguardias procesales y posteriormente a la propuesta de la comisión relativa al seguimiento por parte de la 6.ª comisión.","start":3248.86,"end":3273.51,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Me","start":3248.86,"end":3249.04},{"text":"referiré","start":3249.06,"end":3249.74},{"text":"en","start":3249.74,"end":3249.87},{"text":"primer","start":3249.88,"end":3250.26},{"text":"lugar","start":3250.26,"end":3250.78},{"text":"al","start":3250.8,"end":3251.02},{"text":"proyecto","start":3251.02,"end":3251.79},{"text":"de","start":3251.81,"end":3251.94},{"text":"artículo","start":3251.94,"end":3252.58},{"text":"seis","start":3252.58,"end":3253.1},{"text":"segundo","start":3254.18,"end":3254.79},{"text":"lugar","start":3254.8,"end":3255.22},{"text":"a","start":3255.3,"end":3255.42},{"text":"la","start":3255.42,"end":3255.59},{"text":"definición","start":3255.59,"end":3256.63},{"text":"del","start":3256.64,"end":3256.88},{"text":"ejercicio","start":3256.93,"end":3257.7},{"text":"de","start":3257.7,"end":3257.74},{"text":"la","start":3257.74,"end":3257.86},{"text":"jurisdicción","start":3257.86,"end":3258.46},{"text":"penal","start":3258.46,"end":3259.07},{"text":"en","start":3259.62,"end":3259.8},{"text":"tercer","start":3259.81,"end":3260.25},{"text":"lugar","start":3260.25,"end":3260.61},{"text":"a","start":3260.63,"end":3260.67},{"text":"la","start":3260.68,"end":3260.82},{"text":"notificación","start":3260.83,"end":3261.88},{"text":"del","start":3261.89,"end":3262.06},{"text":"estado","start":3262.06,"end":3262.39},{"text":"del","start":3262.39,"end":3262.5},{"text":"funcionario","start":3262.5,"end":3263.33},{"text":"y","start":3263.74,"end":3263.8},{"text":"a","start":3263.92,"end":3263.98},{"text":"otras","start":3263.98,"end":3264.5},{"text":"salvaguardias","start":3264.54,"end":3265.5},{"text":"procesales","start":3265.5,"end":3266.26},{"text":"y","start":3266.27,"end":3266.36},{"text":"posteriormente","start":3266.37,"end":3267.33},{"text":"a","start":3267.62,"end":3267.74},{"text":"la","start":3267.75,"end":3267.87},{"text":"propuesta","start":3267.87,"end":3268.37},{"text":"de","start":3268.37,"end":3268.38},{"text":"la","start":3268.38,"end":3268.51},{"text":"comisión","start":3268.52,"end":3269.08},{"text":"relativa","start":3269.42,"end":3270},{"text":"al","start":3270,"end":3270.09},{"text":"seguimiento","start":3270.09,"end":3271},{"text":"por","start":3271.48,"end":3271.7},{"text":"parte","start":3271.72,"end":3272.13},{"text":"de","start":3272.13,"end":3272.15},{"text":"la","start":3272.16,"end":3272.3},{"text":"6.ª","start":3272.3,"end":3272.76},{"text":"comisión","start":3272.78,"end":3273.51}]},{"text":"Voy a saltarme algunas cosas, dado intento por escrito.","start":3274.22,"end":3276.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Voy","start":3274.22,"end":3274.39},{"text":"a","start":3274.39,"end":3274.45},{"text":"saltarme","start":3274.46,"end":3275.02},{"text":"algunas","start":3275.02,"end":3275.38},{"text":"cosas","start":3275.38,"end":3275.62},{"text":"dado","start":3275.69,"end":3275.82},{"text":"intento","start":3276.26,"end":3276.26},{"text":"por","start":3276.26,"end":3276.27},{"text":"escrito","start":3276.27,"end":3276.27}]},{"text":"por escrito.","start":3276.27,"end":3276.91,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"por","start":3276.27,"end":3276.44},{"text":"escrito","start":3276.44,"end":3276.91}]},{"text":"Sobre el artículo seis, uno de los avances centrales de la segunda lectura fue revisar la disposición anteriormente conocida como proyecto artículo siete, ahora enumerada como proyecto de artículo seis relativa a los crímenes de derecho internacional respecto a los cuales no se aplica la inmunidad a ración en materia.","start":3276.91,"end":3299.65,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Sobre","start":3276.91,"end":3277.19},{"text":"el","start":3277.2,"end":3277.3},{"text":"artículo","start":3277.3,"end":3277.86},{"text":"seis","start":3277.86,"end":3278.27},{"text":"uno","start":3278.74,"end":3279.02},{"text":"de","start":3279.02,"end":3279.04},{"text":"los","start":3279.04,"end":3279.21},{"text":"avances","start":3279.22,"end":3279.67},{"text":"centrales","start":3279.67,"end":3280.44},{"text":"de","start":3280.46,"end":3280.58},{"text":"la","start":3280.58,"end":3280.7},{"text":"segunda","start":3280.7,"end":3281.21},{"text":"lectura","start":3281.21,"end":3281.89},{"text":"fue","start":3282.31,"end":3282.58},{"text":"revisar","start":3282.58,"end":3283.31},{"text":"la","start":3284.26,"end":3284.43},{"text":"disposición","start":3284.43,"end":3285.19},{"text":"anteriormente","start":3285.19,"end":3286.16},{"text":"conocida","start":3286.17,"end":3286.89},{"text":"como","start":3286.89,"end":3287.2},{"text":"proyecto","start":3287.2,"end":3287.71},{"text":"artículo","start":3287.71,"end":3288.26},{"text":"siete","start":3288.26,"end":3288.71},{"text":"ahora","start":3289.17,"end":3289.47},{"text":"enumerada","start":3289.47,"end":3290.03},{"text":"como","start":3290.04,"end":3290.3},{"text":"proyecto","start":3290.3,"end":3290.85},{"text":"de","start":3291.45,"end":3291.58},{"text":"artículo","start":3291.61,"end":3292.12},{"text":"seis","start":3292.12,"end":3292.52},{"text":"relativa","start":3292.94,"end":3293.58},{"text":"a","start":3293.58,"end":3293.59},{"text":"los","start":3293.62,"end":3293.8},{"text":"crímenes","start":3293.8,"end":3294.27},{"text":"de","start":3294.29,"end":3294.38},{"text":"derecho","start":3294.38,"end":3294.66},{"text":"internacional","start":3294.66,"end":3295.58},{"text":"respecto","start":3295.58,"end":3296.1},{"text":"a","start":3296.1,"end":3296.12},{"text":"los","start":3296.12,"end":3296.28},{"text":"cuales","start":3296.28,"end":3296.72},{"text":"no","start":3297.08,"end":3297.39},{"text":"se","start":3297.39,"end":3297.54},{"text":"aplica","start":3297.54,"end":3298.02},{"text":"la","start":3298.02,"end":3298.14},{"text":"inmunidad","start":3298.14,"end":3298.54},{"text":"a","start":3298.54,"end":3298.59},{"text":"ración","start":3298.59,"end":3299.02},{"text":"en","start":3299.03,"end":3299.07},{"text":"materia","start":3299.07,"end":3299.65}]},{"text":"La comisión propuso un enfoque basado en una lista no exhaustiva, al tiempo que aclaró y amplió mediante la inclusión expresa de tres crímenes adicionales el crimen de agresión, la esclavitud y la trata de esclavos.","start":3300.44,"end":3319.41,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"La","start":3300.44,"end":3300.66},{"text":"comisión","start":3300.66,"end":3301.37},{"text":"propuso","start":3301.86,"end":3302.58},{"text":"un","start":3302.58,"end":3302.8},{"text":"enfoque","start":3302.81,"end":3303.42},{"text":"basado","start":3303.42,"end":3304.09},{"text":"en","start":3304.09,"end":3304.31},{"text":"una","start":3304.32,"end":3304.55},{"text":"lista","start":3304.55,"end":3305.06},{"text":"no","start":3305.1,"end":3305.39},{"text":"exhaustiva","start":3305.41,"end":3306.27},{"text":"al","start":3306.7,"end":3306.93},{"text":"tiempo","start":3306.93,"end":3307.36},{"text":"que","start":3307.38,"end":3307.5},{"text":"aclaró","start":3307.51,"end":3308.25},{"text":"y","start":3308.62,"end":3308.81},{"text":"amplió","start":3308.82,"end":3309.47},{"text":"mediante","start":3309.5,"end":3310.28},{"text":"la","start":3310.46,"end":3310.72},{"text":"inclusión","start":3310.72,"end":3311.5},{"text":"expresa","start":3311.53,"end":3312.44},{"text":"de","start":3312.46,"end":3312.71},{"text":"tres","start":3312.71,"end":3313.21},{"text":"crímenes","start":3313.24,"end":3314.02},{"text":"adicionales","start":3314.02,"end":3314.93},{"text":"el","start":3315.49,"end":3315.7},{"text":"crimen","start":3315.7,"end":3316.12},{"text":"de","start":3316.14,"end":3316.23},{"text":"agresión","start":3316.23,"end":3317.1},{"text":"la","start":3317.11,"end":3317.26},{"text":"esclavitud","start":3317.27,"end":3318.17},{"text":"y","start":3318.17,"end":3318.29},{"text":"la","start":3318.3,"end":3318.44},{"text":"trata","start":3318.44,"end":3318.81},{"text":"de","start":3318.81,"end":3318.82},{"text":"esclavos","start":3318.86,"end":3319.41}]},{"text":"Estos se añadieron a la lista original, que ya incluía el genocidio, los crímenes de lesa humanidad, los crímenes de guerra, la tortura, el apartheid y la desaparición forzada.","start":3319.94,"end":3333.62,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. 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Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Además","start":3393.52,"end":3393.52},{"text":"Además","start":3393.55,"end":3394.3},{"text":"un","start":3394.41,"end":3394.61},{"text":"número","start":3394.61,"end":3395.02},{"text":"significativo","start":3395.02,"end":3396.05},{"text":"de","start":3396.05,"end":3396.05},{"text":"estado","start":3396.09,"end":3396.58},{"text":"ha","start":3396.65,"end":3396.69},{"text":"incorporado","start":3396.74,"end":3397.41},{"text":"el","start":3397.41,"end":3397.51},{"text":"crimen","start":3397.51,"end":3397.9},{"text":"de","start":3397.93,"end":3397.97},{"text":"agresión","start":3398,"end":3398.58},{"text":"en","start":3398.92,"end":3399.11},{"text":"la","start":3399.11,"end":3399.24},{"text":"legislación","start":3399.97,"end":3400.93},{"text":"penal","start":3400.93,"end":3401.38},{"text":"interna","start":3401.41,"end":3401.92}]},{"text":"El comentario da una extensa eh el relato respecto de la jurisprudencia que existe y lo que se ha efectuado.","start":3402.29,"end":3410.27,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"El","start":3402.29,"end":3402.45},{"text":"comentario","start":3402.45,"end":3403.3},{"text":"da","start":3403.37,"end":3403.57},{"text":"una","start":3403.57,"end":3403.77},{"text":"extensa","start":3403.77,"end":3404.57},{"text":"eh","start":3405.17,"end":3405.53},{"text":"el","start":3405.55,"end":3405.77},{"text":"relato","start":3405.93,"end":3406.63},{"text":"respecto","start":3406.64,"end":3407.37},{"text":"de","start":3407.37,"end":3407.73},{"text":"la","start":3407.73,"end":3407.89},{"text":"jurisprudencia","start":3407.89,"end":3408.61},{"text":"que","start":3408.61,"end":3408.73},{"text":"existe","start":3408.76,"end":3409.21},{"text":"y","start":3409.21,"end":3409.23},{"text":"lo","start":3409.23,"end":3409.37},{"text":"que","start":3409.37,"end":3409.49},{"text":"se","start":3409.49,"end":3409.63},{"text":"ha","start":3409.63,"end":3409.65},{"text":"efectuado","start":3409.65,"end":3410.27}]},{"text":"La inclusión de la esclavitud y la trata de esclavos reviste igual importancia.","start":3410.82,"end":3414.81,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"La","start":3410.82,"end":3410.97},{"text":"inclusión","start":3410.97,"end":3411.5},{"text":"de","start":3411.51,"end":3411.61},{"text":"la","start":3411.61,"end":3411.73},{"text":"esclavitud","start":3411.73,"end":3412.35},{"text":"y","start":3412.35,"end":3412.4},{"text":"la","start":3412.4,"end":3412.54},{"text":"trata","start":3412.54,"end":3412.88},{"text":"de","start":3412.88,"end":3412.93},{"text":"esclavos","start":3412.93,"end":3413.4},{"text":"reviste","start":3413.45,"end":3413.87},{"text":"igual","start":3413.87,"end":3414.1},{"text":"importancia","start":3414.41,"end":3414.81}]},{"text":"Casi siento innecesario plantear por qué la esclavitud y la tráfica.","start":3415.24,"end":3419.98,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Casi","start":3415.24,"end":3415.64},{"text":"siento","start":3415.64,"end":3416.05},{"text":"innecesario","start":3416.05,"end":3417.08},{"text":"plantear","start":3417.51,"end":3418.08},{"text":"por","start":3418.08,"end":3418.25},{"text":"qué","start":3418.29,"end":3418.46},{"text":"la","start":3418.46,"end":3418.61},{"text":"esclavitud","start":3418.61,"end":3419.14},{"text":"y","start":3419.14,"end":3419.18},{"text":"la","start":3419.18,"end":3419.33},{"text":"tráfica","start":3419.34,"end":3419.98}]},{"text":"El tráfico esclavo es un crimen internacional.","start":3420.47,"end":3422.92,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"El","start":3420.47,"end":3420.65},{"text":"tráfico","start":3420.66,"end":3421.1},{"text":"esclavo","start":3421.11,"end":3421.45},{"text":"es","start":3421.45,"end":3421.45},{"text":"un","start":3421.45,"end":3421.61},{"text":"crimen","start":3421.61,"end":3421.95},{"text":"internacional","start":3421.96,"end":3422.92}]},{"text":"A lo largo de la historia, la esclavitud, las prácticas análogas a la esclavitud, el trabajo forzoso han causado un sufrimiento inmenso, incluso en situaciones de conflicto armado y otra forma de violencia.","start":3423.29,"end":3435.09,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"A","start":3423.29,"end":3423.42},{"text":"lo","start":3423.42,"end":3423.59},{"text":"largo","start":3423.59,"end":3423.93},{"text":"de","start":3423.93,"end":3423.95},{"text":"la","start":3423.95,"end":3424.01},{"text":"historia","start":3424.01,"end":3424.57},{"text":"la","start":3424.57,"end":3424.67},{"text":"esclavitud","start":3424.67,"end":3425.36},{"text":"las","start":3425.36,"end":3425.53},{"text":"prácticas","start":3425.55,"end":3426.21},{"text":"análogas","start":3426.21,"end":3426.85},{"text":"a","start":3426.85,"end":3426.89},{"text":"la","start":3426.89,"end":3427.03},{"text":"esclavitud","start":3427.03,"end":3427.65},{"text":"el","start":3427.91,"end":3428.09},{"text":"trabajo","start":3428.09,"end":3428.55},{"text":"forzoso","start":3428.58,"end":3429.13},{"text":"han","start":3429.13,"end":3429.25},{"text":"causado","start":3429.25,"end":3429.61},{"text":"un","start":3429.61,"end":3429.74},{"text":"sufrimiento","start":3429.75,"end":3430.45},{"text":"inmenso","start":3430.45,"end":3431.19},{"text":"incluso","start":3431.69,"end":3432.18},{"text":"en","start":3432.21,"end":3432.26},{"text":"situaciones","start":3432.26,"end":3432.8},{"text":"de","start":3432.8,"end":3432.88},{"text":"conflicto","start":3432.88,"end":3433.39},{"text":"armado","start":3433.39,"end":3433.79},{"text":"y","start":3433.79,"end":3433.87},{"text":"otra","start":3433.89,"end":3434.11},{"text":"forma","start":3434.11,"end":3434.44},{"text":"de","start":3434.44,"end":3434.48},{"text":"violencia","start":3434.48,"end":3435.09}]},{"text":"Tratar a seres humanos como propiedad y explotarlos como si no fueran personas constituye una de las afrentas más graves a la dignidad humana.","start":3435.65,"end":3445.28,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Tratar","start":3435.65,"end":3436.23},{"text":"a","start":3436.23,"end":3436.29},{"text":"seres","start":3436.29,"end":3436.71},{"text":"humanos","start":3436.71,"end":3437.3},{"text":"como","start":3437.3,"end":3437.61},{"text":"propiedad","start":3437.61,"end":3438.22},{"text":"y","start":3438.22,"end":3438.3},{"text":"explotarlos","start":3438.3,"end":3439.19},{"text":"como","start":3439.19,"end":3439.44},{"text":"si","start":3439.44,"end":3439.59},{"text":"no","start":3439.59,"end":3439.79},{"text":"fueran","start":3439.79,"end":3440.11},{"text":"personas","start":3440.11,"end":3440.77},{"text":"constituye","start":3441.21,"end":3442.09},{"text":"una","start":3442.09,"end":3442.44},{"text":"de","start":3442.44,"end":3442.57},{"text":"las","start":3442.57,"end":3442.87},{"text":"afrentas","start":3442.89,"end":3443.6},{"text":"más","start":3443.6,"end":3443.86},{"text":"graves","start":3443.87,"end":3444.3},{"text":"a","start":3444.3,"end":3444.37},{"text":"la","start":3444.38,"end":3444.52},{"text":"dignidad","start":3444.52,"end":3444.85},{"text":"humana","start":3444.85,"end":3445.28}]},{"text":"Al fundamentar estos crímenes en normas convencionales y consuetudinarias de larga data, incluidas la Convención sobre la esclavitud en 1926 y la Convención Suplementaria en 1956, el proyecto reconoce que la esclavitud y la trata de esclavos constituyen crímenes internacionales graves por derecho propio, independientemente que se cometan como parte de un ataque generalizado contra la población civil.","start":3445.86,"end":3475.89,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Al","start":3445.86,"end":3446.02},{"text":"fundamentar","start":3446.02,"end":3446.79},{"text":"estos","start":3446.81,"end":3447.09},{"text":"crímenes","start":3447.1,"end":3447.72},{"text":"en","start":3447.73,"end":3447.9},{"text":"normas","start":3447.94,"end":3448.41},{"text":"convencionales","start":3448.41,"end":3449.57},{"text":"y","start":3449.57,"end":3449.73},{"text":"consuetudinarias","start":3449.73,"end":3451.11},{"text":"de","start":3451.13,"end":3451.34},{"text":"larga","start":3451.34,"end":3451.89},{"text":"data","start":3451.89,"end":3452.33},{"text":"incluidas","start":3452.85,"end":3453.43},{"text":"la","start":3453.43,"end":3453.55},{"text":"Convención","start":3453.55,"end":3454.21},{"text":"sobre","start":3454.21,"end":3454.49},{"text":"la","start":3454.49,"end":3454.59},{"text":"esclavitud","start":3454.59,"end":3455.17},{"text":"en","start":3455.18,"end":3455.29},{"text":"1926","start":3455.89,"end":3456.51},{"text":"y","start":3456.85,"end":3456.97},{"text":"la","start":3456.97,"end":3457.1},{"text":"Convención","start":3457.11,"end":3457.68},{"text":"Suplementaria","start":3457.69,"end":3458.41},{"text":"en","start":3458.41,"end":3458.49},{"text":"1956","start":3458.93,"end":3459.87},{"text":"el","start":3460.3,"end":3460.51},{"text":"proyecto","start":3460.51,"end":3461.12},{"text":"reconoce","start":3461.15,"end":3462.02},{"text":"que","start":3462.02,"end":3462.17},{"text":"la","start":3462.17,"end":3462.3},{"text":"esclavitud","start":3462.3,"end":3462.96},{"text":"y","start":3462.96,"end":3463.01},{"text":"la","start":3463.01,"end":3463.14},{"text":"trata","start":3463.14,"end":3463.56},{"text":"de","start":3463.56,"end":3463.61},{"text":"esclavos","start":3463.61,"end":3464.09},{"text":"constituyen","start":3464.52,"end":3465.29},{"text":"crímenes","start":3465.29,"end":3465.87},{"text":"internacionales","start":3465.87,"end":3466.85},{"text":"graves","start":3466.86,"end":3467.32},{"text":"por","start":3467.33,"end":3467.55},{"text":"derecho","start":3467.68,"end":3468.05},{"text":"propio","start":3468.06,"end":3468.57},{"text":"independientemente","start":3469.01,"end":3470.27},{"text":"que","start":3470.28,"end":3470.37},{"text":"se","start":3470.37,"end":3470.55},{"text":"cometan","start":3470.55,"end":3471.05},{"text":"como","start":3471.05,"end":3471.37},{"text":"parte","start":3471.37,"end":3471.74},{"text":"de","start":3471.74,"end":3471.77},{"text":"un","start":3471.77,"end":3471.85},{"text":"ataque","start":3471.85,"end":3472.28},{"text":"generalizado","start":3472.29,"end":3473.1},{"text":"contra","start":3473.33,"end":3473.81},{"text":"la","start":3473.82,"end":3474.13},{"text":"población","start":3474.19,"end":3475.15},{"text":"civil","start":3475.37,"end":3475.89}]},{"text":"De nuevo me voy a saltar algunos párrafos, he dado por eh mi texto por escrito.","start":3476.33,"end":3480.4,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"De","start":3476.33,"end":3476.46},{"text":"nuevo","start":3476.46,"end":3476.66},{"text":"me","start":3476.66,"end":3476.77},{"text":"voy","start":3476.77,"end":3476.81},{"text":"a","start":3476.81,"end":3476.89},{"text":"saltar","start":3476.89,"end":3477.34},{"text":"algunos","start":3477.36,"end":3477.73},{"text":"párrafos","start":3477.77,"end":3478.25},{"text":"he","start":3478.25,"end":3478.34},{"text":"dado","start":3478.37,"end":3478.59},{"text":"por","start":3478.59,"end":3478.81},{"text":"eh","start":3478.81,"end":3479.01},{"text":"mi","start":3479.17,"end":3479.36},{"text":"texto","start":3479.36,"end":3479.73},{"text":"por","start":3479.73,"end":3479.91},{"text":"escrito","start":3479.91,"end":3480.4}]},{"text":"La comisión también identificó los criterios jurídicos para la inclusión de crímenes en el proyecto del artículo seis.","start":3480.91,"end":3488.62,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. 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Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"En","start":3489.12,"end":3489.28},{"text":"primer","start":3489.28,"end":3489.61},{"text":"lugar","start":3489.61,"end":3490.04},{"text":"se","start":3490.25,"end":3490.45},{"text":"trata","start":3490.45,"end":3490.77},{"text":"de","start":3490.77,"end":3490.85},{"text":"crímenes","start":3490.85,"end":3491.29},{"text":"identificados","start":3491.29,"end":3492.13},{"text":"entre","start":3492.28,"end":3492.31},{"text":"los","start":3492.33,"end":3492.47},{"text":"delitos","start":3492.47,"end":3492.9},{"text":"más","start":3492.91,"end":3493.31},{"text":"graves","start":3493.31,"end":3493.73},{"text":"que","start":3493.73,"end":3493.85},{"text":"preocupan","start":3493.85,"end":3494.3},{"text":"a","start":3494.3,"end":3494.36},{"text":"la","start":3494.37,"end":3494.48},{"text":"comunidad","start":3494.48,"end":3494.85},{"text":"internacional","start":3494.86,"end":3495.69}]},{"text":"Segundo lugar, son conductas que generan responsabilidad penal individual conforme al derecho internacional.","start":3496.18,"end":3503.56,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Segundo","start":3496.18,"end":3496.7},{"text":"lugar","start":3496.71,"end":3497.09},{"text":"son","start":3497.09,"end":3497.33},{"text":"conductas","start":3497.33,"end":3497.8},{"text":"que","start":3497.98,"end":3498.15},{"text":"generan","start":3498.15,"end":3498.64},{"text":"responsabilidad","start":3498.64,"end":3499.81},{"text":"penal","start":3499.81,"end":3500.23},{"text":"individual","start":3500.57,"end":3501.47},{"text":"conforme","start":3501.65,"end":3502.21},{"text":"al","start":3502.21,"end":3502.32},{"text":"derecho","start":3502.32,"end":3502.73},{"text":"internacional","start":3502.73,"end":3503.56}]},{"text":"En tercer lugar están respaldadas por un sólido conjunto de normas convencionales y consuetudas consuetudinarias que prohíben estos actos y que de distintas maneras exigen a los estados prevenirlos, reprimirlos o sancionarlos.","start":3503.93,"end":3519.53,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"En","start":3503.93,"end":3504.1},{"text":"tercer","start":3504.1,"end":3504.49},{"text":"lugar","start":3504.49,"end":3504.91},{"text":"están","start":3504.91,"end":3505.31},{"text":"respaldadas","start":3505.31,"end":3506.04},{"text":"por","start":3506.41,"end":3506.65},{"text":"un","start":3506.65,"end":3506.81},{"text":"sólido","start":3506.81,"end":3507.46},{"text":"conjunto","start":3507.46,"end":3508.28},{"text":"de","start":3508.29,"end":3508.38},{"text":"normas","start":3508.4,"end":3508.86},{"text":"convencionales","start":3508.89,"end":3510},{"text":"y","start":3510.05,"end":3510.23},{"text":"consuetudas","start":3510.25,"end":3510.25},{"text":"consuetudinarias","start":3510.25,"end":3511.29},{"text":"que","start":3511.65,"end":3511.83},{"text":"prohíben","start":3511.83,"end":3512.32},{"text":"estos","start":3512.33,"end":3512.65},{"text":"actos","start":3512.65,"end":3513.04},{"text":"y","start":3513.27,"end":3513.41},{"text":"que","start":3513.41,"end":3513.53},{"text":"de","start":3513.53,"end":3513.57},{"text":"distintas","start":3513.57,"end":3514.05},{"text":"maneras","start":3514.05,"end":3514.58},{"text":"exigen","start":3514.58,"end":3515.25},{"text":"a","start":3515.25,"end":3515.3},{"text":"los","start":3515.3,"end":3515.45},{"text":"estados","start":3515.5,"end":3515.96},{"text":"prevenirlos","start":3516.27,"end":3517.29},{"text":"reprimirlos","start":3517.49,"end":3518.52},{"text":"o","start":3518.53,"end":3518.69},{"text":"sancionarlos","start":3518.69,"end":3519.53}]},{"text":"En 4.º lugar son crímenes que en la práctica se consideran no amparados por la inmunidad de raciones en materia frente a la jurisdicción penal extranjera.","start":3520.15,"end":3531.43,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"En","start":3520.15,"end":3520.41},{"text":"4.º","start":3520.41,"end":3520.92},{"text":"lugar","start":3520.92,"end":3521.27},{"text":"son","start":3521.29,"end":3521.53},{"text":"crímenes","start":3521.53,"end":3522.01},{"text":"que","start":3522.01,"end":3522.13},{"text":"en","start":3522.13,"end":3522.21},{"text":"la","start":3522.21,"end":3522.37},{"text":"práctica","start":3522.37,"end":3522.97},{"text":"se","start":3522.97,"end":3523.13},{"text":"consideran","start":3523.13,"end":3523.8},{"text":"no","start":3524.08,"end":3524.57},{"text":"amparados","start":3524.6,"end":3525.42},{"text":"por","start":3525.42,"end":3525.6},{"text":"la","start":3525.6,"end":3525.72},{"text":"inmunidad","start":3525.72,"end":3526.18},{"text":"de","start":3526.18,"end":3526.21},{"text":"raciones","start":3526.21,"end":3526.68},{"text":"en","start":3526.68,"end":3526.76},{"text":"materia","start":3526.76,"end":3527.36},{"text":"frente","start":3527.65,"end":3528.2},{"text":"a","start":3528.24,"end":3528.44},{"text":"la","start":3528.44,"end":3528.72},{"text":"jurisdicción","start":3529.13,"end":3530.05},{"text":"penal","start":3530.16,"end":3530.63},{"text":"extranjera","start":3530.64,"end":3531.43}]},{"text":"La comisión hizo una distinción entre lo que era derecho consuetudinario y desarrollo progresivo.","start":3532.02,"end":3538.36,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"La","start":3532.02,"end":3532.2},{"text":"comisión","start":3532.21,"end":3532.91},{"text":"hizo","start":3533.04,"end":3533.36},{"text":"una","start":3533.36,"end":3533.56},{"text":"distinción","start":3533.56,"end":3534.27},{"text":"entre","start":3534.52,"end":3534.88},{"text":"lo","start":3534.88,"end":3535.01},{"text":"que","start":3535.03,"end":3535.15},{"text":"era","start":3535.32,"end":3535.32},{"text":"derecho","start":3535.4,"end":3535.74},{"text":"consuetudinario","start":3535.75,"end":3536.77},{"text":"y","start":3537.09,"end":3537.22},{"text":"desarrollo","start":3537.22,"end":3537.71},{"text":"progresivo","start":3537.72,"end":3538.36}]},{"text":"Así que este proyecto cumple con ese requisito, se puede estar o no de acuerdo con lo que planteó la comisión, pero sí se hizo la distinción.","start":3538.96,"end":3547.55,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Así","start":3538.96,"end":3539.28},{"text":"que","start":3539.28,"end":3539.52},{"text":"este","start":3539.56,"end":3539.9},{"text":"proyecto","start":3539.91,"end":3540.63},{"text":"cumple","start":3540.64,"end":3541.24},{"text":"con","start":3541.39,"end":3541.61},{"text":"ese","start":3541.62,"end":3541.84},{"text":"requisito","start":3541.87,"end":3542.57},{"text":"se","start":3542.57,"end":3542.73},{"text":"puede","start":3542.73,"end":3542.9},{"text":"estar","start":3542.92,"end":3543.17},{"text":"o","start":3543.17,"end":3543.21},{"text":"no","start":3543.24,"end":3543.4},{"text":"de","start":3543.4,"end":3543.47},{"text":"acuerdo","start":3543.51,"end":3543.98},{"text":"con","start":3544.27,"end":3544.45},{"text":"lo","start":3544.45,"end":3544.53},{"text":"que","start":3544.53,"end":3544.64},{"text":"planteó","start":3544.64,"end":3545},{"text":"la","start":3545,"end":3545.11},{"text":"comisión","start":3545.13,"end":3545.59},{"text":"pero","start":3545.79,"end":3546.07},{"text":"sí","start":3546.07,"end":3546.33},{"text":"se","start":3546.33,"end":3546.5},{"text":"hizo","start":3546.51,"end":3546.77},{"text":"la","start":3546.77,"end":3546.92},{"text":"distinción","start":3546.92,"end":3547.55}]},{"text":"Cabe destacar que la comisión incorporó esta lista de criterios para subrayar que la enumeración de crímenes contenida en el proyecto del artículo seis no es exhaustiva, pero al mismo tiempo era necesario proponer criterios que establecieran que se puede eh agregar.","start":3548.08,"end":3567.88,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Cabe","start":3548.08,"end":3548.53},{"text":"destacar","start":3549.8,"end":3550.27},{"text":"que","start":3550.27,"end":3550.41},{"text":"la","start":3550.41,"end":3550.57},{"text":"comisión","start":3550.57,"end":3551.08},{"text":"incorporó","start":3551.08,"end":3551.7},{"text":"esta","start":3551.7,"end":3551.97},{"text":"lista","start":3551.97,"end":3552.28},{"text":"de","start":3552.28,"end":3552.32},{"text":"criterios","start":3552.32,"end":3552.9},{"text":"para","start":3552.96,"end":3553.32},{"text":"subrayar","start":3553.35,"end":3554.15},{"text":"que","start":3554.53,"end":3554.69},{"text":"la","start":3554.69,"end":3554.8},{"text":"enumeración","start":3554.8,"end":3555.48},{"text":"de","start":3555.48,"end":3555.61},{"text":"crímenes","start":3555.61,"end":3556.08},{"text":"contenida","start":3556.09,"end":3556.63},{"text":"en","start":3556.63,"end":3556.72},{"text":"el","start":3556.72,"end":3556.77},{"text":"proyecto","start":3556.77,"end":3557.25},{"text":"del","start":3557.25,"end":3557.36},{"text":"artículo","start":3557.36,"end":3557.87},{"text":"seis","start":3557.87,"end":3558.16},{"text":"no","start":3558.56,"end":3558.92},{"text":"es","start":3558.92,"end":3559.15},{"text":"exhaustiva","start":3559.15,"end":3559.92},{"text":"pero","start":3560.33,"end":3560.57},{"text":"al","start":3560.57,"end":3560.67},{"text":"mismo","start":3560.68,"end":3561.01},{"text":"tiempo","start":3561.01,"end":3561.5},{"text":"era","start":3561.5,"end":3561.76},{"text":"necesario","start":3561.76,"end":3562.48},{"text":"proponer","start":3562.8,"end":3563.37},{"text":"criterios","start":3563.37,"end":3564.17},{"text":"que","start":3564.5,"end":3564.64},{"text":"establecieran","start":3564.64,"end":3565.46},{"text":"que","start":3565.48,"end":3565.76},{"text":"se","start":3565.76,"end":3565.97},{"text":"puede","start":3565.97,"end":3566.48},{"text":"eh","start":3567,"end":3567.21},{"text":"agregar","start":3567.24,"end":3567.88}]},{"text":"Desde el punto de vista procesal también debe recordarse que el artículo seis fue aprobado por 23 votos a favor, cuatro en contra y tres abstenciones.","start":3568.96,"end":3580.91,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Desde","start":3568.96,"end":3569.22},{"text":"el","start":3569.22,"end":3569.28},{"text":"punto","start":3569.28,"end":3569.58},{"text":"de","start":3569.58,"end":3569.58},{"text":"vista","start":3569.59,"end":3569.8},{"text":"procesal","start":3569.8,"end":3570.48},{"text":"también","start":3570.84,"end":3571.43},{"text":"debe","start":3571.44,"end":3571.68},{"text":"recordarse","start":3571.68,"end":3572.62},{"text":"que","start":3572.95,"end":3573.09},{"text":"el","start":3573.09,"end":3573.16},{"text":"artículo","start":3573.16,"end":3573.8},{"text":"seis","start":3573.8,"end":3574.32},{"text":"fue","start":3574.6,"end":3574.73},{"text":"aprobado","start":3574.73,"end":3575.4},{"text":"por","start":3575.76,"end":3576},{"text":"23","start":3576,"end":3576.84},{"text":"votos","start":3576.84,"end":3577.37},{"text":"a","start":3577.37,"end":3577.46},{"text":"favor","start":3577.46,"end":3578.01},{"text":"cuatro","start":3578.28,"end":3578.76},{"text":"en","start":3578.76,"end":3578.92},{"text":"contra","start":3578.92,"end":3579.56},{"text":"y","start":3579.6,"end":3579.76},{"text":"tres","start":3579.76,"end":3580.12},{"text":"abstenciones","start":3580.13,"end":3580.91}]},{"text":"En primera lectura, como se señaló, este artículo no incluía las excepciones relativas a la agresión, a la esclavitud, a la trata de esclavos.","start":3581.44,"end":3589.55,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"En","start":3581.44,"end":3581.59},{"text":"primera","start":3581.59,"end":3582},{"text":"lectura","start":3582,"end":3582.54},{"text":"como","start":3582.55,"end":3582.79},{"text":"se","start":3582.8,"end":3582.93},{"text":"señaló","start":3582.93,"end":3583.6},{"text":"este","start":3583.68,"end":3583.96},{"text":"artículo","start":3583.99,"end":3584.58},{"text":"no","start":3584.89,"end":3585.18},{"text":"incluía","start":3585.18,"end":3585.77},{"text":"las","start":3585.77,"end":3585.94},{"text":"excepciones","start":3585.94,"end":3586.6},{"text":"relativas","start":3586.6,"end":3587.04},{"text":"a","start":3587.04,"end":3587.09},{"text":"la","start":3587.09,"end":3587.18},{"text":"agresión","start":3587.18,"end":3587.78},{"text":"a","start":3587.78,"end":3587.84},{"text":"la","start":3587.84,"end":3587.92},{"text":"esclavitud","start":3587.92,"end":3588.51},{"text":"a","start":3588.57,"end":3588.62},{"text":"la","start":3588.64,"end":3588.77},{"text":"trata","start":3588.77,"end":3589.04},{"text":"de","start":3589.05,"end":3589.05},{"text":"esclavos","start":3589.05,"end":3589.55}]},{"text":"Además, en primera lectura hubo nueve votos en contra en un voto nominativo que se exigió nombre por nombre, en este caso, no ocurrió en la segunda lectura, los votos no se registraron lo que desde el punto de vista del derecho tiene e un impacto, aunque un voto en contra puede tener un efecto cualitativo, pero hay que señalar esto para que se considere.","start":3590.37,"end":3617.63,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Además","start":3590.37,"end":3591.06},{"text":"en","start":3591.07,"end":3591.24},{"text":"primera","start":3591.25,"end":3591.68},{"text":"lectura","start":3591.68,"end":3592.36},{"text":"hubo","start":3593.05,"end":3593.48},{"text":"nueve","start":3593.5,"end":3594.12},{"text":"votos","start":3594.12,"end":3594.44},{"text":"en","start":3594.44,"end":3594.57},{"text":"contra","start":3594.57,"end":3595.19},{"text":"en","start":3595.19,"end":3595.48},{"text":"un","start":3595.48,"end":3595.68},{"text":"voto","start":3595.68,"end":3596.12},{"text":"nominativo","start":3596.12,"end":3597.56},{"text":"que","start":3597.57,"end":3597.75},{"text":"se","start":3597.75,"end":3597.89},{"text":"exigió","start":3597.89,"end":3598.5},{"text":"nombre","start":3598.89,"end":3599.68},{"text":"por","start":3599.68,"end":3599.92},{"text":"nombre","start":3599.96,"end":3600.48},{"text":"en","start":3600.77,"end":3600.98},{"text":"este","start":3600.99,"end":3601.26},{"text":"caso","start":3601.26,"end":3601.74},{"text":"no","start":3602.12,"end":3602.44},{"text":"ocurrió","start":3602.44,"end":3602.83},{"text":"en","start":3602.83,"end":3602.92},{"text":"la","start":3602.92,"end":3603.06},{"text":"segunda","start":3603.06,"end":3603.63},{"text":"lectura","start":3603.69,"end":3604.36},{"text":"los","start":3604.83,"end":3605.04},{"text":"votos","start":3605.04,"end":3605.46},{"text":"no","start":3605.48,"end":3605.84},{"text":"se","start":3605.84,"end":3606.02},{"text":"registraron","start":3606.02,"end":3606.88},{"text":"lo","start":3606.88,"end":3607.02},{"text":"que","start":3607.04,"end":3607.19},{"text":"desde","start":3607.21,"end":3607.3},{"text":"el","start":3607.3,"end":3607.39},{"text":"punto","start":3607.39,"end":3607.71},{"text":"de","start":3607.72,"end":3607.75},{"text":"vista","start":3607.75,"end":3607.96},{"text":"del","start":3607.96,"end":3608.04},{"text":"derecho","start":3608.04,"end":3608.49},{"text":"tiene","start":3608.5,"end":3608.9},{"text":"e","start":3609.32,"end":3609.45},{"text":"un","start":3609.48,"end":3609.67},{"text":"impacto","start":3609.68,"end":3610.15},{"text":"aunque","start":3610.15,"end":3610.53},{"text":"un","start":3610.56,"end":3610.8},{"text":"voto","start":3610.8,"end":3611.1},{"text":"en","start":3611.1,"end":3611.19},{"text":"contra","start":3611.19,"end":3611.67},{"text":"puede","start":3611.92,"end":3612.17},{"text":"tener","start":3612.18,"end":3612.55},{"text":"un","start":3612.55,"end":3612.68},{"text":"efecto","start":3612.68,"end":3613.12},{"text":"cualitativo","start":3613.12,"end":3613.94},{"text":"pero","start":3614.56,"end":3614.79},{"text":"hay","start":3615.08,"end":3615.24},{"text":"que","start":3615.24,"end":3615.39},{"text":"señalar","start":3615.39,"end":3615.98},{"text":"esto","start":3615.98,"end":3616.27},{"text":"para","start":3616.27,"end":3616.52},{"text":"que","start":3616.52,"end":3616.72},{"text":"se","start":3616.72,"end":3616.91},{"text":"considere","start":3616.92,"end":3617.63}]},{"text":"Es importante destacar que los artículos uno, dos, tres, cuatro, cinco, siete, ocho, nueve, diez, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 se aprobaron sin ningún voto en contra y que finalmente algo que importante destacar que el proyecto fue aceptado aceptado sin ni un voto en contra y sin ni una declaración de miembros de la comisión que se opusiera a la aprobación.","start":3618.31,"end":3650.99,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Es","start":3618.31,"end":3618.53},{"text":"importante","start":3618.55,"end":3619.28},{"text":"destacar","start":3619.28,"end":3619.8},{"text":"que","start":3620.17,"end":3620.37},{"text":"los","start":3620.37,"end":3620.53},{"text":"artículos","start":3620.53,"end":3621.18},{"text":"uno","start":3621.19,"end":3621.72},{"text":"dos","start":3621.8,"end":3622.19},{"text":"tres","start":3622.29,"end":3622.8},{"text":"cuatro","start":3622.83,"end":3623.52},{"text":"cinco","start":3624.16,"end":3624.88},{"text":"siete","start":3624.91,"end":3625.55},{"text":"ocho","start":3625.57,"end":3626.12},{"text":"nueve","start":3626.12,"end":3626.6},{"text":"diez","start":3626.64,"end":3627.18},{"text":"11","start":3627.2,"end":3627.7},{"text":"12","start":3627.72,"end":3628.16},{"text":"13","start":3628.16,"end":3628.63},{"text":"14","start":3628.8,"end":3629.2},{"text":"15","start":3629.2,"end":3629.71},{"text":"16","start":3629.77,"end":3630.09},{"text":"se","start":3630.5,"end":3630.72},{"text":"aprobaron","start":3630.72,"end":3631.48},{"text":"sin","start":3631.5,"end":3631.89},{"text":"ningún","start":3632.12,"end":3632.51},{"text":"voto","start":3632.6,"end":3633.14},{"text":"en","start":3633.17,"end":3633.41},{"text":"contra","start":3633.42,"end":3633.96},{"text":"y","start":3634.47,"end":3634.6},{"text":"que","start":3634.6,"end":3634.76},{"text":"finalmente","start":3634.78,"end":3635.7},{"text":"algo","start":3635.72,"end":3636},{"text":"que","start":3636,"end":3636.08},{"text":"importante","start":3636.56,"end":3637.32},{"text":"destacar","start":3637.35,"end":3637.96},{"text":"que","start":3638.33,"end":3638.52},{"text":"el","start":3638.52,"end":3638.64},{"text":"proyecto","start":3638.64,"end":3639.56},{"text":"fue","start":3639.6,"end":3640.08},{"text":"aceptado","start":3640.17,"end":3640.17},{"text":"aceptado","start":3640.2,"end":3641.06},{"text":"sin","start":3641.56,"end":3642.04},{"text":"ni","start":3642.04,"end":3642.27},{"text":"un","start":3642.27,"end":3642.69},{"text":"voto","start":3642.87,"end":3643.26},{"text":"en","start":3643.26,"end":3643.4},{"text":"contra","start":3643.4,"end":3643.97},{"text":"y","start":3644.4,"end":3644.6},{"text":"sin","start":3644.6,"end":3644.88},{"text":"ni","start":3644.92,"end":3645.17},{"text":"una","start":3645.18,"end":3645.65},{"text":"declaración","start":3645.68,"end":3646.55},{"text":"de","start":3647.08,"end":3647.48},{"text":"miembros","start":3647.52,"end":3647.97},{"text":"de","start":3648.01,"end":3648.1},{"text":"la","start":3648.1,"end":3648.22},{"text":"comisión","start":3648.24,"end":3648.79},{"text":"que","start":3649.03,"end":3649.2},{"text":"se","start":3649.21,"end":3649.37},{"text":"opusiera","start":3649.37,"end":3650.04},{"text":"a","start":3650.04,"end":3650.17},{"text":"la","start":3650.17,"end":3650.28},{"text":"aprobación","start":3650.28,"end":3650.99}]},{"text":"De modo que esto expresa un grado de consenso muy importante y que hay que tomar en cuenta.","start":3651.64,"end":3657.44,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"De","start":3651.64,"end":3651.78},{"text":"modo","start":3651.78,"end":3652.04},{"text":"que","start":3652.05,"end":3652.16},{"text":"esto","start":3652.16,"end":3652.17},{"text":"expresa","start":3652.17,"end":3652.95},{"text":"un","start":3652.96,"end":3653.15},{"text":"grado","start":3653.15,"end":3653.5},{"text":"de","start":3653.5,"end":3653.62},{"text":"consenso","start":3653.64,"end":3654.25},{"text":"muy","start":3654.25,"end":3654.42},{"text":"importante","start":3654.42,"end":3655.23},{"text":"y","start":3655.6,"end":3655.97},{"text":"que","start":3655.97,"end":3656.08},{"text":"hay","start":3656.08,"end":3656.19},{"text":"que","start":3656.19,"end":3656.33},{"text":"tomar","start":3656.34,"end":3656.75},{"text":"en","start":3656.75,"end":3656.96},{"text":"cuenta","start":3656.97,"end":3657.44}]},{"text":"Quizás las garantías que se establecieron procesales llevaron a los miembros que votaron en contra, sin un voto nominativo aprobar el proyecto en su conjunto.","start":3657.8,"end":3670.19,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Quizás","start":3657.8,"end":3658.42},{"text":"las","start":3658.8,"end":3659.06},{"text":"garantías","start":3659.07,"end":3659.76},{"text":"que","start":3659.76,"end":3659.88},{"text":"se","start":3659.88,"end":3659.88},{"text":"establecieron","start":3659.88,"end":3660.69},{"text":"procesales","start":3660.69,"end":3661.45},{"text":"llevaron","start":3661.76,"end":3662.42},{"text":"a","start":3662.42,"end":3662.47},{"text":"los","start":3662.48,"end":3662.61},{"text":"miembros","start":3662.64,"end":3663.14},{"text":"que","start":3663.29,"end":3663.47},{"text":"votaron","start":3663.48,"end":3664.04},{"text":"en","start":3664.06,"end":3664.24},{"text":"contra","start":3664.25,"end":3664.8},{"text":"sin","start":3665.18,"end":3665.65},{"text":"un","start":3665.65,"end":3665.77},{"text":"voto","start":3665.78,"end":3666.08},{"text":"nominativo","start":3666.08,"end":3666.79},{"text":"aprobar","start":3666.89,"end":3667.58},{"text":"el","start":3667.61,"end":3667.84},{"text":"proyecto","start":3667.84,"end":3668.68},{"text":"en","start":3668.69,"end":3669.03},{"text":"su","start":3669.04,"end":3669.37},{"text":"conjunto","start":3669.37,"end":3670.19}]},{"text":"No basta de modo solo señalar que antes de que se apoyara el proyecto hubo algunos votos en contra.","start":3670.56,"end":3676.47,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"No","start":3670.56,"end":3670.77},{"text":"basta","start":3670.77,"end":3671.18},{"text":"de","start":3671.18,"end":3671.28},{"text":"modo","start":3671.28,"end":3671.53},{"text":"solo","start":3671.54,"end":3671.86},{"text":"señalar","start":3671.86,"end":3672.42},{"text":"que","start":3672.8,"end":3673.08},{"text":"antes","start":3673.16,"end":3673.58},{"text":"de","start":3673.59,"end":3673.7},{"text":"que","start":3673.71,"end":3673.82},{"text":"se","start":3673.82,"end":3673.92},{"text":"apoyara","start":3673.92,"end":3674.34},{"text":"el","start":3674.34,"end":3674.44},{"text":"proyecto","start":3674.44,"end":3674.99},{"text":"hubo","start":3675,"end":3675.22},{"text":"algunos","start":3675.23,"end":3675.64},{"text":"votos","start":3675.64,"end":3675.92},{"text":"en","start":3675.92,"end":3676.08},{"text":"contra","start":3676.08,"end":3676.47}]},{"text":"Decisión de no definir el ejercicio de la jurisdicción penal.","start":3677.38,"end":3680.72,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Decisión","start":3677.38,"end":3678.02},{"text":"de","start":3678.03,"end":3678.15},{"text":"no","start":3678.16,"end":3678.36},{"text":"definir","start":3678.43,"end":3678.84},{"text":"el","start":3678.84,"end":3678.96},{"text":"ejercicio","start":3678.96,"end":3679.55},{"text":"de","start":3679.55,"end":3679.56},{"text":"la","start":3679.57,"end":3679.68},{"text":"jurisdicción","start":3679.68,"end":3680.26},{"text":"penal","start":3680.26,"end":3680.72}]},{"text":"El comité de reacción examinó esto de no incluir la decisión, la definición de la del ejercicio de la jurisdicción penal.","start":3681.54,"end":3690.84,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"El","start":3681.54,"end":3681.71},{"text":"comité","start":3681.71,"end":3682.16},{"text":"de","start":3682.16,"end":3682.24},{"text":"reacción","start":3682.24,"end":3682.81},{"text":"examinó","start":3682.81,"end":3683.62},{"text":"esto","start":3683.62,"end":3684},{"text":"de","start":3684,"end":3684.16},{"text":"no","start":3684.16,"end":3684.48},{"text":"incluir","start":3684.48,"end":3685.1},{"text":"la","start":3685.47,"end":3685.68},{"text":"decisión","start":3685.69,"end":3686.35},{"text":"la","start":3686.92,"end":3687.1},{"text":"definición","start":3687.11,"end":3687.76},{"text":"de","start":3687.77,"end":3687.87},{"text":"la","start":3687.87,"end":3688.08},{"text":"del","start":3688.76,"end":3689.28},{"text":"ejercicio","start":3689.29,"end":3689.8},{"text":"de","start":3689.81,"end":3689.84},{"text":"la","start":3689.84,"end":3689.95},{"text":"jurisdicción","start":3689.95,"end":3690.42},{"text":"penal","start":3690.42,"end":3690.84}]},{"text":"Diversas consideraciones resultaron importantes, todas ellas se explican ampliamente en los comentarios y nadie se opuso a este artículo.","start":3691.7,"end":3700.6,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Diversas","start":3691.7,"end":3692.25},{"text":"consideraciones","start":3692.25,"end":3692.79},{"text":"resultaron","start":3693,"end":3693.74},{"text":"importantes","start":3693.75,"end":3694.61},{"text":"todas","start":3694.89,"end":3695.4},{"text":"ellas","start":3695.42,"end":3695.72},{"text":"se","start":3695.72,"end":3695.86},{"text":"explican","start":3695.86,"end":3696.28},{"text":"ampliamente","start":3696.44,"end":3697.08},{"text":"en","start":3697.08,"end":3697.12},{"text":"los","start":3697.12,"end":3697.24},{"text":"comentarios","start":3697.24,"end":3698},{"text":"y","start":3698.32,"end":3698.56},{"text":"nadie","start":3698.56,"end":3699.2},{"text":"se","start":3699.2,"end":3699.39},{"text":"opuso","start":3699.39,"end":3699.8},{"text":"a","start":3699.8,"end":3699.83},{"text":"este","start":3699.83,"end":3700.03},{"text":"artículo","start":3700.09,"end":3700.6}]},{"text":"Se trató de una decisión sólida.","start":3701.04,"end":3704.05,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Se","start":3701.04,"end":3701.23},{"text":"trató","start":3701.23,"end":3701.76},{"text":"de","start":3702.04,"end":3702.22},{"text":"una","start":3702.23,"end":3702.6},{"text":"decisión","start":3702.78,"end":3703.42},{"text":"sólida","start":3703.42,"end":3704.05}]},{"text":"Voy a dar de nuevo algunos detalles razones la diversidad de los sistemas jurídicos internos en Latinoamérica el ejercicio de la jurisdicción penal es solo efectuada por el poder judicial, En otros países no es el caso, entonces para proteger a los estados había que tener una definición amplia de modo de respetar las distintas posiciones que tenían y que tienen los estados.","start":3704.79,"end":3731.76,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Voy","start":3704.79,"end":3705.1},{"text":"a","start":3705.1,"end":3705.17},{"text":"dar","start":3705.18,"end":3705.51},{"text":"de","start":3705.65,"end":3706},{"text":"nuevo","start":3706,"end":3706.36},{"text":"algunos","start":3706.49,"end":3707},{"text":"detalles","start":3707.03,"end":3707.54},{"text":"razones","start":3708.1,"end":3708.82},{"text":"la","start":3709,"end":3709.27},{"text":"diversidad","start":3709.27,"end":3710.12},{"text":"de","start":3710.12,"end":3710.27},{"text":"los","start":3710.27,"end":3710.42},{"text":"sistemas","start":3710.43,"end":3710.98},{"text":"jurídicos","start":3710.98,"end":3711.65},{"text":"internos","start":3711.65,"end":3712.22},{"text":"en","start":3712.7,"end":3712.87},{"text":"Latinoamérica","start":3712.87,"end":3713.79},{"text":"el","start":3713.95,"end":3714.14},{"text":"ejercicio","start":3714.15,"end":3714.7},{"text":"de","start":3714.7,"end":3714.71},{"text":"la","start":3714.71,"end":3714.81},{"text":"jurisdicción","start":3714.82,"end":3715.27},{"text":"penal","start":3715.27,"end":3715.71},{"text":"es","start":3716.03,"end":3716.19},{"text":"solo","start":3716.19,"end":3716.63},{"text":"efectuada","start":3716.79,"end":3717.43},{"text":"por","start":3717.71,"end":3717.93},{"text":"el","start":3717.93,"end":3717.99},{"text":"poder","start":3718,"end":3718.22},{"text":"judicial","start":3718.23,"end":3718.72},{"text":"En","start":3718.99,"end":3719.27},{"text":"otros","start":3719.27,"end":3719.54},{"text":"países","start":3719.54,"end":3720},{"text":"no","start":3720.03,"end":3720.21},{"text":"es","start":3720.22,"end":3720.27},{"text":"el","start":3720.27,"end":3720.36},{"text":"caso","start":3720.36,"end":3720.83},{"text":"entonces","start":3721.15,"end":3721.42},{"text":"para","start":3721.42,"end":3721.69},{"text":"proteger","start":3721.69,"end":3722.21},{"text":"a","start":3722.21,"end":3722.27},{"text":"los","start":3722.32,"end":3722.43},{"text":"estados","start":3722.43,"end":3722.95},{"text":"había","start":3723.27,"end":3723.58},{"text":"que","start":3723.58,"end":3723.69},{"text":"tener","start":3723.71,"end":3724.01},{"text":"una","start":3724.01,"end":3724.22},{"text":"definición","start":3724.23,"end":3724.86},{"text":"amplia","start":3724.91,"end":3725.47},{"text":"de","start":3725.97,"end":3726.2},{"text":"modo","start":3726.2,"end":3726.47},{"text":"de","start":3726.48,"end":3726.61},{"text":"respetar","start":3726.61,"end":3727.34},{"text":"las","start":3727.71,"end":3727.94},{"text":"distintas","start":3727.95,"end":3728.71},{"text":"posiciones","start":3728.71,"end":3729.47},{"text":"que","start":3729.72,"end":3729.91},{"text":"tenían","start":3729.91,"end":3730.51},{"text":"y","start":3730.52,"end":3730.68},{"text":"que","start":3730.68,"end":3730.82},{"text":"tienen","start":3730.83,"end":3731.15},{"text":"los","start":3731.15,"end":3731.31},{"text":"estados","start":3731.32,"end":3731.76}]},{"text":"Las sensibilidades regionales y constitucionales.","start":3732.31,"end":3735.71,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Las","start":3732.31,"end":3732.53},{"text":"sensibilidades","start":3732.53,"end":3733.46},{"text":"regionales","start":3733.46,"end":3734.35},{"text":"y","start":3734.35,"end":3734.48},{"text":"constitucionales","start":3734.48,"end":3735.71}]},{"text":"El derecho internacional no exige que los estados organicen sus procesos penales de la misma manera.","start":3736.19,"end":3742.75,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"El","start":3736.19,"end":3736.38},{"text":"derecho","start":3736.38,"end":3736.88},{"text":"internacional","start":3736.95,"end":3737.75},{"text":"no","start":3737.75,"end":3737.97},{"text":"exige","start":3737.97,"end":3738.51},{"text":"que","start":3738.51,"end":3738.62},{"text":"los","start":3738.62,"end":3738.62},{"text":"estados","start":3738.62,"end":3738.71},{"text":"organicen","start":3738.71,"end":3739.67},{"text":"sus","start":3739.67,"end":3739.82},{"text":"procesos","start":3739.82,"end":3740.35},{"text":"penales","start":3740.67,"end":3741.19},{"text":"de","start":3741.19,"end":3741.34},{"text":"la","start":3741.35,"end":3741.48},{"text":"misma","start":3741.48,"end":3741.95},{"text":"manera","start":3741.95,"end":3742.75}]},{"text":"Tercero, la necesidad de preservar el equilibrio del proyecto de artículos.","start":3743.35,"end":3747.99,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Tercero","start":3743.35,"end":3744.02},{"text":"la","start":3744.31,"end":3744.52},{"text":"necesidad","start":3744.52,"end":3744.79},{"text":"de","start":3745.11,"end":3745.19},{"text":"preservar","start":3745.19,"end":3745.75},{"text":"el","start":3745.75,"end":3745.88},{"text":"equilibrio","start":3745.89,"end":3746.55},{"text":"del","start":3746.55,"end":3746.71},{"text":"proyecto","start":3746.71,"end":3747.23},{"text":"de","start":3747.23,"end":3747.31},{"text":"artículos","start":3747.32,"end":3747.99}]},{"text":"Por qué?","start":3748.39,"end":3748.99,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Por","start":3748.39,"end":3748.67},{"text":"qué","start":3748.67,"end":3748.99}]},{"text":"Porque una vez que se ejercita la jurisdicción penal se ponen en movimiento diversas disposiciones y salvaguardias procesales que están establecidos en 1/4.","start":3749.24,"end":3760.33,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Porque","start":3749.24,"end":3749.56},{"text":"una","start":3749.56,"end":3749.75},{"text":"vez","start":3749.75,"end":3749.89},{"text":"que","start":3749.89,"end":3750.02},{"text":"se","start":3750.02,"end":3750.02},{"text":"ejercita","start":3750.16,"end":3750.78},{"text":"la","start":3750.78,"end":3750.88},{"text":"jurisdicción","start":3750.9,"end":3751.42},{"text":"penal","start":3751.42,"end":3751.84},{"text":"se","start":3752.2,"end":3752.48},{"text":"ponen","start":3752.48,"end":3753.01},{"text":"en","start":3753.07,"end":3753.32},{"text":"movimiento","start":3753.35,"end":3754.12},{"text":"diversas","start":3754.81,"end":3754.82},{"text":"disposiciones","start":3754.82,"end":3755.59},{"text":"y","start":3755.59,"end":3755.64},{"text":"salvaguardias","start":3755.66,"end":3756.5},{"text":"procesales","start":3756.5,"end":3757.29},{"text":"que","start":3757.6,"end":3757.78},{"text":"están","start":3757.78,"end":3758.03},{"text":"establecidos","start":3758.03,"end":3758.74},{"text":"en","start":3758.76,"end":3758.92},{"text":"1/4","start":3758.94,"end":3760.33}]},{"text":"Es una protección para los estados que no haya esa definición.","start":3760.65,"end":3764.03,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Es","start":3760.65,"end":3760.89},{"text":"una","start":3760.89,"end":3761.09},{"text":"protección","start":3761.1,"end":3761.82},{"text":"para","start":3761.83,"end":3762.08},{"text":"los","start":3762.08,"end":3762.23},{"text":"estados","start":3762.25,"end":3762.63},{"text":"que","start":3762.63,"end":3762.76},{"text":"no","start":3762.76,"end":3762.9},{"text":"haya","start":3762.91,"end":3763.07},{"text":"esa","start":3763.07,"end":3763.28},{"text":"definición","start":3763.28,"end":3764.03}]},{"text":"En 4.º lugar, la coherencia con el derecho internacional y la práctica.","start":3764.56,"end":3769.22,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"En","start":3764.56,"end":3764.75},{"text":"4.º","start":3764.75,"end":3765.15},{"text":"lugar","start":3765.15,"end":3765.54},{"text":"la","start":3766.07,"end":3766.23},{"text":"coherencia","start":3766.23,"end":3766.91},{"text":"con","start":3766.92,"end":3767.09},{"text":"el","start":3767.1,"end":3767.2},{"text":"derecho","start":3767.2,"end":3767.55},{"text":"internacional","start":3767.55,"end":3768.35},{"text":"y","start":3768.35,"end":3768.42},{"text":"la","start":3768.42,"end":3768.57},{"text":"práctica","start":3768.57,"end":3769.22}]},{"text":"El Comité Reacción tuvo en cuenta que instrumentos fundamentales en materia de inmunidades, incluido la Convención de Viena sobre relaciones diplomáticas y la Convención de Viena sobre relaciones consulares, tampoco incluyó incluyera una definición formal de este concepto.","start":3769.8,"end":3787.79,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"El","start":3769.8,"end":3769.97},{"text":"Comité","start":3769.99,"end":3770.57},{"text":"Reacción","start":3770.57,"end":3771.14},{"text":"tuvo","start":3771.14,"end":3771.36},{"text":"en","start":3771.36,"end":3771.47},{"text":"cuenta","start":3771.47,"end":3771.97},{"text":"que","start":3771.97,"end":3772.11},{"text":"instrumentos","start":3772.11,"end":3772.77},{"text":"fundamentales","start":3772.77,"end":3773.76},{"text":"en","start":3773.76,"end":3773.87},{"text":"materia","start":3773.87,"end":3773.87},{"text":"de","start":3773.87,"end":3774.31},{"text":"inmunidades","start":3774.31,"end":3774.89},{"text":"incluido","start":3775.27,"end":3775.82},{"text":"la","start":3775.82,"end":3775.95},{"text":"Convención","start":3775.95,"end":3776.59},{"text":"de","start":3776.59,"end":3776.74},{"text":"Viena","start":3776.74,"end":3777.18},{"text":"sobre","start":3777.18,"end":3777.49},{"text":"relaciones","start":3777.51,"end":3778.08},{"text":"diplomáticas","start":3778.08,"end":3778.93},{"text":"y","start":3779.19,"end":3779.32},{"text":"la","start":3779.34,"end":3779.45},{"text":"Convención","start":3779.46,"end":3780.07},{"text":"de","start":3780.07,"end":3780.23},{"text":"Viena","start":3780.26,"end":3780.69},{"text":"sobre","start":3780.7,"end":3781},{"text":"relaciones","start":3781.01,"end":3781.51},{"text":"consulares","start":3781.51,"end":3782.18},{"text":"tampoco","start":3782.53,"end":3783.43},{"text":"incluyó","start":3783.43,"end":3783.43},{"text":"incluyera","start":3783.44,"end":3784.07},{"text":"una","start":3784.08,"end":3784.27},{"text":"definición","start":3784.39,"end":3785.01},{"text":"formal","start":3785.3,"end":3785.91},{"text":"de","start":3786.19,"end":3786.4},{"text":"este","start":3786.43,"end":3786.91},{"text":"concepto","start":3786.91,"end":3787.79}]},{"text":"Ello sugiere que el enfoque más adecuado era aclarar esto por los motivos que yo dije en los comentarios.","start":3788.28,"end":3795.67,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Ello","start":3788.28,"end":3788.61},{"text":"sugiere","start":3788.61,"end":3789.15},{"text":"que","start":3789.15,"end":3789.28},{"text":"el","start":3789.28,"end":3789.36},{"text":"enfoque","start":3789.37,"end":3789.83},{"text":"más","start":3789.83,"end":3790.25},{"text":"adecuado","start":3790.25,"end":3790.84},{"text":"era","start":3791.55,"end":3791.88},{"text":"aclarar","start":3791.98,"end":3792.55},{"text":"esto","start":3792.57,"end":3792.96},{"text":"por","start":3793.1,"end":3793.27},{"text":"los","start":3793.27,"end":3793.43},{"text":"motivos","start":3793.43,"end":3793.84},{"text":"que","start":3793.85,"end":3793.99},{"text":"yo","start":3793.99,"end":3794.17},{"text":"dije","start":3794.17,"end":3794.58},{"text":"en","start":3794.58,"end":3794.8},{"text":"los","start":3794.8,"end":3794.95},{"text":"comentarios","start":3794.96,"end":3795.67}]},{"text":"Voy a saltarme algunas cosas.","start":3798.76,"end":3800.3,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Voy","start":3798.76,"end":3799},{"text":"a","start":3799,"end":3799.05},{"text":"saltarme","start":3799.05,"end":3799.55},{"text":"algunas","start":3799.55,"end":3799.95},{"text":"cosas","start":3799.95,"end":3800.3}]},{"text":"Notificación al estado al funcionario, el marco procesal, el proyecto de artículo que aborda la notificación al estado funcionario señala que se trata de una salvaguardia fundamental, pues permite que dicho estado reciba información viable y decida si invoca o no la inmunidad.","start":3800.32,"end":3820.95,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Notificación","start":3800.32,"end":3801.35},{"text":"al","start":3801.35,"end":3801.48},{"text":"estado","start":3801.49,"end":3801.73},{"text":"al","start":3801.73,"end":3801.81},{"text":"funcionario","start":3801.82,"end":3802.59},{"text":"el","start":3803.01,"end":3803.18},{"text":"marco","start":3803.19,"end":3803.55},{"text":"procesal","start":3803.55,"end":3804.19},{"text":"el","start":3804.63,"end":3804.8},{"text":"proyecto","start":3804.8,"end":3805.35},{"text":"de","start":3805.36,"end":3805.43},{"text":"artículo","start":3806.03,"end":3806.04},{"text":"que","start":3807.47,"end":3807.62},{"text":"aborda","start":3807.63,"end":3808.07},{"text":"la","start":3808.07,"end":3808.21},{"text":"notificación","start":3808.21,"end":3808.97},{"text":"al","start":3808.99,"end":3809.08},{"text":"estado","start":3809.1,"end":3809.55},{"text":"funcionario","start":3809.87,"end":3810.68},{"text":"señala","start":3810.68,"end":3811.51},{"text":"que","start":3811.54,"end":3811.71},{"text":"se","start":3811.71,"end":3811.87},{"text":"trata","start":3811.87,"end":3812.05},{"text":"de","start":3812.05,"end":3812.19},{"text":"una","start":3812.19,"end":3812.36},{"text":"salvaguardia","start":3812.37,"end":3813.11},{"text":"fundamental","start":3813.11,"end":3814.21},{"text":"pues","start":3814.67,"end":3814.87},{"text":"permite","start":3814.87,"end":3815.43},{"text":"que","start":3815.43,"end":3815.55},{"text":"dicho","start":3815.56,"end":3815.87},{"text":"estado","start":3815.87,"end":3816.28},{"text":"reciba","start":3816.3,"end":3817.05},{"text":"información","start":3817.05,"end":3817.75},{"text":"viable","start":3817.99,"end":3818.78},{"text":"y","start":3818.78,"end":3818.94},{"text":"decida","start":3818.94,"end":3819.47},{"text":"si","start":3819.47,"end":3819.59},{"text":"invoca","start":3819.59,"end":3820.07},{"text":"o","start":3820.07,"end":3820.11},{"text":"no","start":3820.12,"end":3820.28},{"text":"la","start":3820.28,"end":3820.38},{"text":"inmunidad","start":3820.38,"end":3820.95}]},{"text":"Esta idea no es desconocida El proyecto de este artículo se se inspira en el enfoque adoptado por la Convención de Naciones Unidas sobre las inmunidades jurisdiccionales de los estados y de su propiedad.","start":3821.54,"end":3834.42,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Esta","start":3821.54,"end":3821.81},{"text":"idea","start":3821.81,"end":3822.07},{"text":"no","start":3822.07,"end":3822.24},{"text":"es","start":3822.25,"end":3822.31},{"text":"desconocida","start":3822.31,"end":3822.78},{"text":"El","start":3823.59,"end":3823.76},{"text":"proyecto","start":3823.76,"end":3824.47},{"text":"de","start":3825.07,"end":3825.19},{"text":"este","start":3825.19,"end":3825.39},{"text":"artículo","start":3825.42,"end":3825.87},{"text":"se","start":3825.87,"end":3825.99},{"text":"se","start":3826.6,"end":3826.83},{"text":"inspira","start":3826.86,"end":3827.42},{"text":"en","start":3827.71,"end":3827.9},{"text":"el","start":3827.9,"end":3828.02},{"text":"enfoque","start":3828.02,"end":3828.49},{"text":"adoptado","start":3828.51,"end":3828.97},{"text":"por","start":3828.97,"end":3829.1},{"text":"la","start":3829.1,"end":3829.23},{"text":"Convención","start":3829.23,"end":3829.77},{"text":"de","start":3829.8,"end":3829.87},{"text":"Naciones","start":3829.87,"end":3830.28},{"text":"Unidas","start":3830.3,"end":3830.62},{"text":"sobre","start":3830.63,"end":3830.9},{"text":"las","start":3830.91,"end":3831.07},{"text":"inmunidades","start":3831.07,"end":3831.63},{"text":"jurisdiccionales","start":3831.63,"end":3832.41},{"text":"de","start":3832.41,"end":3832.52},{"text":"los","start":3832.54,"end":3832.72},{"text":"estados","start":3832.72,"end":3833.24},{"text":"y","start":3833.51,"end":3833.63},{"text":"de","start":3833.64,"end":3833.71},{"text":"su","start":3833.71,"end":3833.88},{"text":"propiedad","start":3833.88,"end":3834.42}]},{"text":"El estado interesado debe recibir una notificación fiable e inmediata antes de que se adopten medidas jurídicas contra él o sus representantes.","start":3834.91,"end":3844.97,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"El","start":3834.91,"end":3835.1},{"text":"estado","start":3835.13,"end":3835.71},{"text":"interesado","start":3835.79,"end":3836.55},{"text":"debe","start":3836.55,"end":3836.75},{"text":"recibir","start":3836.75,"end":3837.2},{"text":"una","start":3837.21,"end":3837.38},{"text":"notificación","start":3837.38,"end":3838.31},{"text":"fiable","start":3838.63,"end":3839.28},{"text":"e","start":3839.28,"end":3839.3},{"text":"inmediata","start":3839.3,"end":3840.13},{"text":"antes","start":3840.29,"end":3840.79},{"text":"de","start":3840.79,"end":3840.91},{"text":"que","start":3840.91,"end":3841.04},{"text":"se","start":3841.04,"end":3841.19},{"text":"adopten","start":3841.19,"end":3841.63},{"text":"medidas","start":3841.69,"end":3842.2},{"text":"jurídicas","start":3842.2,"end":3842.75},{"text":"contra","start":3842.75,"end":3843.2},{"text":"él","start":3843.2,"end":3843.41},{"text":"o","start":3843.73,"end":3843.84},{"text":"sus","start":3843.84,"end":3843.99},{"text":"representantes","start":3844,"end":3844.97}]},{"text":"La comisión también sobre la base y la reacción de los estados señaló algo, que esta salvaguardia de notificación no debe obstaculizar la administración de justicia.","start":3845.57,"end":3857.49,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"La","start":3845.57,"end":3845.79},{"text":"comisión","start":3845.8,"end":3846.47},{"text":"también","start":3846.49,"end":3847.15},{"text":"sobre","start":3847.2,"end":3847.58},{"text":"la","start":3847.59,"end":3847.71},{"text":"base","start":3847.73,"end":3847.96},{"text":"y","start":3847.96,"end":3847.96},{"text":"la","start":3847.97,"end":3848.1},{"text":"reacción","start":3848.1,"end":3848.46},{"text":"de","start":3848.47,"end":3848.57},{"text":"los","start":3848.57,"end":3848.7},{"text":"estados","start":3848.71,"end":3849.22},{"text":"señaló","start":3849.65,"end":3850.21},{"text":"algo","start":3850.24,"end":3850.63},{"text":"que","start":3850.91,"end":3851.06},{"text":"esta","start":3851.06,"end":3851.28},{"text":"salvaguardia","start":3851.29,"end":3852.06},{"text":"de","start":3852.06,"end":3852.12},{"text":"notificación","start":3852.13,"end":3853.36},{"text":"no","start":3853.71,"end":3853.93},{"text":"debe","start":3853.95,"end":3854.23},{"text":"obstaculizar","start":3854.23,"end":3855.23},{"text":"la","start":3855.55,"end":3855.76},{"text":"administración","start":3855.79,"end":3856.59},{"text":"de","start":3856.59,"end":3856.71},{"text":"justicia","start":3856.71,"end":3857.49}]},{"text":"Esto es muy relevante y cuando compromete compromete una investigación, pone en peligro a víctima o testigo o provoca la distribución de prueba o que se eluda la justicia, en ese caso hay una una excepción, pero pero si hay una detención se debe notificar inmediatamente, no se puede aplazar.","start":3857.87,"end":3881.94,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Esto","start":3857.87,"end":3858.37},{"text":"es","start":3858.43,"end":3858.71},{"text":"muy","start":3858.71,"end":3859.23},{"text":"relevante","start":3859.23,"end":3860.11},{"text":"y","start":3860.39,"end":3860.54},{"text":"cuando","start":3860.54,"end":3860.92},{"text":"compromete","start":3860.92,"end":3860.92},{"text":"compromete","start":3860.95,"end":3861.81},{"text":"una","start":3861.82,"end":3861.98},{"text":"investigación","start":3861.98,"end":3863},{"text":"pone","start":3863,"end":3863.27},{"text":"en","start":3863.27,"end":3863.36},{"text":"peligro","start":3863.37,"end":3863.85},{"text":"a","start":3863.86,"end":3863.93},{"text":"víctima","start":3863.99,"end":3864.52},{"text":"o","start":3864.52,"end":3864.61},{"text":"testigo","start":3864.63,"end":3865.25},{"text":"o","start":3865.61,"end":3865.78},{"text":"provoca","start":3865.78,"end":3866.22},{"text":"la","start":3866.23,"end":3866.32},{"text":"distribución","start":3866.34,"end":3866.96},{"text":"de","start":3866.97,"end":3867.09},{"text":"prueba","start":3867.1,"end":3867.55},{"text":"o","start":3868.07,"end":3868.2},{"text":"que","start":3868.2,"end":3868.34},{"text":"se","start":3868.34,"end":3868.6},{"text":"eluda","start":3868.63,"end":3869.07},{"text":"la","start":3869.07,"end":3869.21},{"text":"justicia","start":3869.21,"end":3869.95},{"text":"en","start":3870.26,"end":3870.52},{"text":"ese","start":3870.52,"end":3870.8},{"text":"caso","start":3870.8,"end":3871.25},{"text":"hay","start":3871.27,"end":3871.53},{"text":"una","start":3871.55,"end":3871.71},{"text":"una","start":3872.32,"end":3872.58},{"text":"excepción","start":3872.63,"end":3873.28},{"text":"pero","start":3873.61,"end":3874.17},{"text":"pero","start":3874.22,"end":3874.22},{"text":"si","start":3874.83,"end":3875.02},{"text":"hay","start":3875.02,"end":3875.17},{"text":"una","start":3875.17,"end":3875.39},{"text":"detención","start":3875.39,"end":3876.19},{"text":"se","start":3876.44,"end":3876.75},{"text":"debe","start":3876.75,"end":3877.21},{"text":"notificar","start":3877.51,"end":3878.34},{"text":"inmediatamente","start":3878.51,"end":3880.09},{"text":"no","start":3880.47,"end":3880.7},{"text":"se","start":3880.71,"end":3880.85},{"text":"puede","start":3880.87,"end":3881.25},{"text":"aplazar","start":3881.25,"end":3881.94}]},{"text":"Este enfoque preserva la eficacia de las actuaciones como la existencia de una notificación oportuna.","start":3882.53,"end":3890.25,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Este","start":3882.53,"end":3882.83},{"text":"enfoque","start":3882.83,"end":3883.27},{"text":"preserva","start":3883.28,"end":3883.79},{"text":"la","start":3883.8,"end":3883.88},{"text":"eficacia","start":3883.92,"end":3884.52},{"text":"de","start":3884.52,"end":3884.6},{"text":"las","start":3884.6,"end":3884.72},{"text":"actuaciones","start":3884.72,"end":3885.43},{"text":"como","start":3885.68,"end":3886.03},{"text":"la","start":3886.03,"end":3886.28},{"text":"existencia","start":3886.43,"end":3887.51},{"text":"de","start":3887.85,"end":3888.03},{"text":"una","start":3888.03,"end":3888.22},{"text":"notificación","start":3888.23,"end":3889.15},{"text":"oportuna","start":3889.58,"end":3890.25}]},{"text":"He escuchado comentarios en la salvaguardia pero no muy concreto sobre lo que dice en la salvaguardia y yo quisiera señalar algo sobre esto porque mejoramos, reforzamos y simplificamos las las esas disposiciones sobre la base de los estados.","start":3891.3,"end":3907.57,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"He","start":3891.3,"end":3891.42},{"text":"escuchado","start":3891.42,"end":3892.01},{"text":"comentarios","start":3892.01,"end":3892.73},{"text":"en","start":3892.73,"end":3892.8},{"text":"la","start":3892.83,"end":3892.96},{"text":"salvaguardia","start":3893.36,"end":3894.34},{"text":"pero","start":3894.66,"end":3894.93},{"text":"no","start":3894.94,"end":3895.11},{"text":"muy","start":3895.13,"end":3895.31},{"text":"concreto","start":3895.32,"end":3896.09},{"text":"sobre","start":3896.14,"end":3896.53},{"text":"lo","start":3896.53,"end":3896.67},{"text":"que","start":3896.67,"end":3896.79},{"text":"dice","start":3896.8,"end":3897.06},{"text":"en","start":3897.06,"end":3897.11},{"text":"la","start":3897.11,"end":3897.23},{"text":"salvaguardia","start":3897.23,"end":3898.08},{"text":"y","start":3898.42,"end":3898.54},{"text":"yo","start":3898.54,"end":3898.7},{"text":"quisiera","start":3898.7,"end":3899.14},{"text":"señalar","start":3899.14,"end":3899.66},{"text":"algo","start":3899.67,"end":3899.97},{"text":"sobre","start":3899.97,"end":3900.22},{"text":"esto","start":3900.22,"end":3900.46},{"text":"porque","start":3900.46,"end":3900.77},{"text":"mejoramos","start":3901.06,"end":3901.76},{"text":"reforzamos","start":3901.76,"end":3902.54},{"text":"y","start":3902.54,"end":3902.54},{"text":"simplificamos","start":3902.58,"end":3903.37},{"text":"las","start":3903.69,"end":3903.91},{"text":"las","start":3904.14,"end":3904.49},{"text":"esas","start":3904.54,"end":3904.84},{"text":"disposiciones","start":3904.9,"end":3905.74},{"text":"sobre","start":3905.74,"end":3906.01},{"text":"la","start":3906.02,"end":3906.1},{"text":"base","start":3906.1,"end":3906.4},{"text":"de","start":3906.7,"end":3906.92},{"text":"los","start":3906.92,"end":3907.06},{"text":"estados","start":3907.14,"end":3907.57}]},{"text":"Hay tres tipos de exposiciones.","start":3907.87,"end":3909.37,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Hay","start":3907.87,"end":3908.08},{"text":"tres","start":3908.08,"end":3908.31},{"text":"tipos","start":3908.31,"end":3908.58},{"text":"de","start":3908.59,"end":3908.67},{"text":"exposiciones","start":3908.67,"end":3909.37}]},{"text":"Disposiciones salvaguardias procesales aplicables a las relaciones directas entre el estado del foro y el estado del funcionario.","start":3909.72,"end":3916.9,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Disposiciones","start":3909.72,"end":3910.55},{"text":"salvaguardias","start":3910.55,"end":3911.31},{"text":"procesales","start":3911.32,"end":3911.97},{"text":"aplicables","start":3911.97,"end":3912.51},{"text":"a","start":3912.51,"end":3912.55},{"text":"las","start":3912.55,"end":3912.73},{"text":"relaciones","start":3912.73,"end":3913.38},{"text":"directas","start":3913.38,"end":3913.38},{"text":"entre","start":3914.32,"end":3914.6},{"text":"el","start":3914.6,"end":3914.7},{"text":"estado","start":3914.7,"end":3915.04},{"text":"del","start":3915.04,"end":3915.22},{"text":"foro","start":3915.22,"end":3915.54},{"text":"y","start":3915.54,"end":3915.58},{"text":"el","start":3915.63,"end":3915.66},{"text":"estado","start":3915.68,"end":3915.97},{"text":"del","start":3915.97,"end":3916.06},{"text":"funcionario","start":3916.06,"end":3916.9}]},{"text":"A saber, examen, notificación, invocación, renuncia, solicitud, información y determinación de la inmunidad.","start":3917.26,"end":3924.58,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"A","start":3917.26,"end":3917.39},{"text":"saber","start":3917.39,"end":3917.8},{"text":"examen","start":3917.86,"end":3918.49},{"text":"notificación","start":3918.54,"end":3919.5},{"text":"invocación","start":3919.51,"end":3920.36},{"text":"renuncia","start":3920.36,"end":3921.01},{"text":"solicitud","start":3921.31,"end":3921.91},{"text":"información","start":3921.93,"end":3922.61},{"text":"y","start":3922.61,"end":3922.7},{"text":"determinación","start":3922.7,"end":3923.52},{"text":"de","start":3923.52,"end":3923.64},{"text":"la","start":3923.66,"end":3923.84},{"text":"inmunidad","start":3923.9,"end":3924.58}]},{"text":"Proyecto artículo 8 a 13, No me voy a expandir sobre ello.","start":3924.86,"end":3928.3,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Proyecto","start":3924.86,"end":3925.3},{"text":"artículo","start":3925.3,"end":3925.76},{"text":"8","start":3925.76,"end":3926.04},{"text":"a","start":3926.04,"end":3926.07},{"text":"13","start":3926.22,"end":3926.67},{"text":"No","start":3926.67,"end":3926.93},{"text":"me","start":3926.93,"end":3927.07},{"text":"voy","start":3927.07,"end":3927.24},{"text":"a","start":3927.24,"end":3927.27},{"text":"expandir","start":3927.27,"end":3927.7},{"text":"sobre","start":3927.7,"end":3927.98},{"text":"ello","start":3927.98,"end":3928.3}]},{"text":"Hay que leerlo cuidadosamente.","start":3928.62,"end":3930.39,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Hay","start":3928.62,"end":3928.78},{"text":"que","start":3928.79,"end":3928.95},{"text":"leerlo","start":3928.95,"end":3929.32},{"text":"cuidadosamente","start":3929.33,"end":3930.39}]},{"text":"Dos, disposiciones que de especial relevancia una vez iniciadas las actuaciones penales.","start":3930.69,"end":3937.13,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Dos","start":3930.69,"end":3931.08},{"text":"disposiciones","start":3931.09,"end":3931.98},{"text":"que","start":3932.5,"end":3932.66},{"text":"de","start":3933.26,"end":3933.39},{"text":"especial","start":3933.39,"end":3933.91},{"text":"relevancia","start":3933.94,"end":3934.62},{"text":"una","start":3934.63,"end":3934.83},{"text":"vez","start":3934.83,"end":3934.96},{"text":"iniciadas","start":3935.07,"end":3935.43},{"text":"las","start":3935.44,"end":3935.54},{"text":"actuaciones","start":3935.54,"end":3936.18},{"text":"penales","start":3936.45,"end":3937.13}]},{"text":"Esto comprende disposiciones relativas a la transferencia de las actuaciones penales y las garantías de debido proceso para el funcionario.","start":3937.5,"end":3946.24,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Esto","start":3937.5,"end":3937.94},{"text":"comprende","start":3938.38,"end":3938.97},{"text":"disposiciones","start":3938.97,"end":3939.67},{"text":"relativas","start":3939.67,"end":3940.14},{"text":"a","start":3940.14,"end":3940.19},{"text":"la","start":3940.19,"end":3940.32},{"text":"transferencia","start":3940.32,"end":3941.34},{"text":"de","start":3941.34,"end":3941.38},{"text":"las","start":3941.38,"end":3941.46},{"text":"actuaciones","start":3941.46,"end":3942.11},{"text":"penales","start":3942.11,"end":3942.7},{"text":"y","start":3942.98,"end":3943.1},{"text":"las","start":3943.1,"end":3943.27},{"text":"garantías","start":3943.27,"end":3943.95},{"text":"de","start":3944.16,"end":3944.36},{"text":"debido","start":3944.37,"end":3944.7},{"text":"proceso","start":3944.7,"end":3945.24},{"text":"para","start":3945.24,"end":3945.42},{"text":"el","start":3945.42,"end":3945.5},{"text":"funcionario","start":3945.51,"end":3946.24}]},{"text":"Tres disposiciones relativas al establecimiento de mecanismos para facilitar consulta y solución de controversia.","start":3946.7,"end":3954.63,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Tres","start":3946.7,"end":3947.18},{"text":"disposiciones","start":3947.19,"end":3947.98},{"text":"relativas","start":3947.98,"end":3948.65},{"text":"al","start":3948.94,"end":3949.09},{"text":"establecimiento","start":3949.09,"end":3949.99},{"text":"de","start":3949.99,"end":3950.16},{"text":"mecanismos","start":3950.22,"end":3950.97},{"text":"para","start":3950.97,"end":3951.22},{"text":"facilitar","start":3951.23,"end":3951.98},{"text":"consulta","start":3951.98,"end":3952.65},{"text":"y","start":3952.65,"end":3952.7},{"text":"solución","start":3952.7,"end":3953.66},{"text":"de","start":3953.67,"end":3953.78},{"text":"controversia","start":3953.78,"end":3954.63}]},{"text":"Voy a señalar que no ha habido comentarios aquí sobre el hecho de que a pesar de que todas las salvaguardias son pertinentes, sobre el artículo 14, quisiera enfocarme en que el estado del foro podrá por iniciativa propia o a solicitud de del estado del funcionario ofrecer transferir las actuaciones penales relativas al funcionario al estado de origen de este último.","start":3955.22,"end":3991.21,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Voy","start":3955.22,"end":3955.55},{"text":"a","start":3955.55,"end":3955.71},{"text":"señalar","start":3956.74,"end":3957.43},{"text":"que","start":3957.93,"end":3958.11},{"text":"no","start":3958.11,"end":3958.28},{"text":"ha","start":3958.28,"end":3958.34},{"text":"habido","start":3958.34,"end":3958.66},{"text":"comentarios","start":3958.66,"end":3959.62},{"text":"aquí","start":3959.63,"end":3960.03},{"text":"sobre","start":3960.54,"end":3961.22},{"text":"el","start":3961.59,"end":3961.81},{"text":"hecho","start":3961.82,"end":3962.19},{"text":"de","start":3962.2,"end":3962.38},{"text":"que","start":3962.38,"end":3962.58},{"text":"a","start":3962.82,"end":3962.92},{"text":"pesar","start":3962.92,"end":3963.46},{"text":"de","start":3963.46,"end":3963.62},{"text":"que","start":3963.63,"end":3963.76},{"text":"todas","start":3963.76,"end":3964.02},{"text":"las","start":3964.03,"end":3964.18},{"text":"salvaguardias","start":3964.18,"end":3964.94},{"text":"son","start":3964.94,"end":3965.22},{"text":"pertinentes","start":3965.22,"end":3965.46},{"text":"sobre","start":3966.83,"end":3967.16},{"text":"el","start":3967.16,"end":3967.26},{"text":"artículo","start":3967.26,"end":3967.82},{"text":"14","start":3968.26,"end":3968.53},{"text":"quisiera","start":3969.44,"end":3969.82},{"text":"enfocarme","start":3970.57,"end":3971.26},{"text":"en","start":3971.26,"end":3971.49},{"text":"que","start":3971.98,"end":3972.15},{"text":"el","start":3972.15,"end":3972.25},{"text":"estado","start":3972.26,"end":3972.87},{"text":"del","start":3972.87,"end":3973.14},{"text":"foro","start":3973.14,"end":3973.77},{"text":"podrá","start":3974.45,"end":3975.06},{"text":"por","start":3975.15,"end":3975.63},{"text":"iniciativa","start":3975.66,"end":3976.5},{"text":"propia","start":3976.5,"end":3977.3},{"text":"o","start":3977.35,"end":3977.65},{"text":"a","start":3977.65,"end":3977.86},{"text":"solicitud","start":3977.86,"end":3978.62},{"text":"de","start":3978.62,"end":3978.75},{"text":"del","start":3978.75,"end":3978.82},{"text":"estado","start":3978.82,"end":3979.22},{"text":"del","start":3979.24,"end":3979.38},{"text":"funcionario","start":3979.38,"end":3980.2},{"text":"ofrecer","start":3980.74,"end":3981.35},{"text":"transferir","start":3981.64,"end":3982.98},{"text":"las","start":3982.99,"end":3983.31},{"text":"actuaciones","start":3983.98,"end":3984.73},{"text":"penales","start":3984.75,"end":3985.58},{"text":"relativas","start":3986.07,"end":3986.91},{"text":"al","start":3987.26,"end":3987.42},{"text":"funcionario","start":3987.42,"end":3988.31},{"text":"al","start":3989.22,"end":3989.41},{"text":"estado","start":3989.45,"end":3989.81},{"text":"de","start":3989.82,"end":3989.94},{"text":"origen","start":3989.94,"end":3990.4},{"text":"de","start":3990.4,"end":3990.48},{"text":"este","start":3990.48,"end":3990.71},{"text":"último","start":3990.71,"end":3991.21}]},{"text":"qué manera más grande hay de preservar el principio de igualdad soberana?","start":3992.54,"end":3997.94,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"qué","start":3992.54,"end":3992.77},{"text":"manera","start":3992.77,"end":3993.25},{"text":"más","start":3993.25,"end":3993.43},{"text":"grande","start":3993.43,"end":3994.1},{"text":"hay","start":3994.1,"end":3994.33},{"text":"de","start":3994.34,"end":3994.48},{"text":"preservar","start":3994.48,"end":3995.31},{"text":"el","start":3996.1,"end":3996.27},{"text":"principio","start":3996.27,"end":3996.81},{"text":"de","start":3996.82,"end":3996.86},{"text":"igualdad","start":3996.86,"end":3997.26},{"text":"soberana","start":3997.26,"end":3997.94}]},{"text":"En tal caso el Estado del funcionario, desde luego, tendrá la obligación de someter el asunto a sus a sus autoridades competentes a efectos de enjuiciamiento, de buena fe por supuesto.","start":3998.82,"end":4010.75,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"En","start":3998.82,"end":3999.03},{"text":"tal","start":3999.03,"end":3999.31},{"text":"caso","start":3999.31,"end":3999.66},{"text":"el","start":3999.66,"end":3999.76},{"text":"Estado","start":4000.02,"end":4000.02},{"text":"del","start":4000.02,"end":4000.09},{"text":"funcionario","start":4000.09,"end":4000.71},{"text":"desde","start":4000.71,"end":4001.07},{"text":"luego","start":4001.09,"end":4001.47},{"text":"tendrá","start":4001.48,"end":4001.8},{"text":"la","start":4001.8,"end":4001.9},{"text":"obligación","start":4001.9,"end":4002.45},{"text":"de","start":4002.45,"end":4002.54},{"text":"someter","start":4002.54,"end":4002.99},{"text":"el","start":4003.03,"end":4003.15},{"text":"asunto","start":4003.2,"end":4003.77},{"text":"a","start":4004.16,"end":4004.34},{"text":"sus","start":4004.34,"end":4004.77},{"text":"a","start":4005.44,"end":4005.54},{"text":"sus","start":4005.54,"end":4005.71},{"text":"autoridades","start":4005.73,"end":4006.34},{"text":"competentes","start":4006.34,"end":4007.1},{"text":"a","start":4007.1,"end":4007.11},{"text":"efectos","start":4007.11,"end":4007.6},{"text":"de","start":4007.61,"end":4007.7},{"text":"enjuiciamiento","start":4007.7,"end":4008.65},{"text":"de","start":4009.02,"end":4009.25},{"text":"buena","start":4009.25,"end":4009.58},{"text":"fe","start":4009.58,"end":4009.91},{"text":"por","start":4009.92,"end":4010.14},{"text":"supuesto","start":4010.14,"end":4010.75}]},{"text":"No hemos tenido el beneficio de escuchar comentarios sobre esto.","start":4011.18,"end":4014.47,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"No","start":4011.18,"end":4011.41},{"text":"hemos","start":4011.41,"end":4011.62},{"text":"tenido","start":4011.62,"end":4012},{"text":"el","start":4012,"end":4012.09},{"text":"beneficio","start":4012.09,"end":4012.62},{"text":"de","start":4012.62,"end":4012.66},{"text":"escuchar","start":4012.66,"end":4013.06},{"text":"comentarios","start":4013.06,"end":4013.76},{"text":"sobre","start":4013.76,"end":4014.12},{"text":"esto","start":4014.12,"end":4014.47}]},{"text":"Me voy a saltar otra salvaguardia, salvaguardias, que me parece que habría que comentar, pero sobre todo el artículo 14 me parece de gran importancia.","start":4015.08,"end":4025.22,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Me","start":4015.08,"end":4015.26},{"text":"voy","start":4015.26,"end":4015.44},{"text":"a","start":4015.45,"end":4015.5},{"text":"saltar","start":4015.51,"end":4016.04},{"text":"otra","start":4016.07,"end":4016.7},{"text":"salvaguardia","start":4016.7,"end":4016.7},{"text":"salvaguardias","start":4017.02,"end":4018.16},{"text":"que","start":4018.62,"end":4018.91},{"text":"me","start":4019.29,"end":4019.48},{"text":"parece","start":4019.48,"end":4019.95},{"text":"que","start":4019.95,"end":4020.08},{"text":"habría","start":4020.08,"end":4020.38},{"text":"que","start":4020.38,"end":4020.39},{"text":"comentar","start":4020.39,"end":4020.87},{"text":"pero","start":4020.87,"end":4021.1},{"text":"sobre","start":4021.1,"end":4021.39},{"text":"todo","start":4021.39,"end":4021.6},{"text":"el","start":4021.6,"end":4021.7},{"text":"artículo","start":4021.7,"end":4022.23},{"text":"14","start":4022.23,"end":4022.86},{"text":"me","start":4022.86,"end":4023.01},{"text":"parece","start":4023.01,"end":4023.45},{"text":"de","start":4023.45,"end":4023.63},{"text":"gran","start":4023.66,"end":4024.19},{"text":"importancia","start":4024.22,"end":4025.22}]},{"text":"A modo de conclusión, camino por delante, dos observaciones los comentarios y todos los proyectos artículos fueron aprobados sin observaciones ni votos en contra en su conjunto.","start":4026.49,"end":4039.38,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"A","start":4026.49,"end":4026.57},{"text":"modo","start":4026.57,"end":4026.74},{"text":"de","start":4026.74,"end":4026.82},{"text":"conclusión","start":4026.82,"end":4027.57},{"text":"camino","start":4027.94,"end":4028.41},{"text":"por","start":4028.42,"end":4028.57},{"text":"delante","start":4028.58,"end":4029.2},{"text":"dos","start":4029.22,"end":4029.43},{"text":"observaciones","start":4029.46,"end":4030.32},{"text":"los","start":4030.75,"end":4030.94},{"text":"comentarios","start":4030.96,"end":4031.59},{"text":"y","start":4031.59,"end":4031.66},{"text":"todos","start":4031.66,"end":4031.86},{"text":"los","start":4031.86,"end":4032},{"text":"proyectos","start":4032,"end":4032.38},{"text":"artículos","start":4032.38,"end":4032.86},{"text":"fueron","start":4032.86,"end":4033.19},{"text":"aprobados","start":4033.21,"end":4033.62},{"text":"sin","start":4033.83,"end":4034.42},{"text":"observaciones","start":4034.58,"end":4035.74},{"text":"ni","start":4035.93,"end":4036.22},{"text":"votos","start":4036.22,"end":4036.74},{"text":"en","start":4036.82,"end":4037.02},{"text":"contra","start":4037.02,"end":4037.66},{"text":"en","start":4037.7,"end":4037.98},{"text":"su","start":4037.99,"end":4038.42},{"text":"conjunto","start":4038.81,"end":4039.38}]},{"text":"Segundo, eh la propuesta de la Comisión Derecho Internacional según la cual la asamblea general cuando lo considere necesario poderá convocar una conferencia diplomática.","start":4039.95,"end":4051.46,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Segundo","start":4039.95,"end":4040.66},{"text":"eh","start":4041.22,"end":4041.54},{"text":"la","start":4041.66,"end":4041.98},{"text":"propuesta","start":4042.18,"end":4042.75},{"text":"de","start":4042.75,"end":4042.76},{"text":"la","start":4042.77,"end":4042.9},{"text":"Comisión","start":4042.9,"end":4043.38},{"text":"Derecho","start":4043.39,"end":4043.76},{"text":"Internacional","start":4043.76,"end":4044.5},{"text":"según","start":4044.84,"end":4045.35},{"text":"la","start":4045.35,"end":4045.5},{"text":"cual","start":4045.5,"end":4045.74},{"text":"la","start":4045.74,"end":4045.79},{"text":"asamblea","start":4045.79,"end":4046.26},{"text":"general","start":4046.26,"end":4046.8},{"text":"cuando","start":4047.11,"end":4047.82},{"text":"lo","start":4047.82,"end":4047.95},{"text":"considere","start":4047.95,"end":4048.45},{"text":"necesario","start":4048.51,"end":4049.18},{"text":"poderá","start":4049.18,"end":4049.5},{"text":"convocar","start":4049.5,"end":4050.05},{"text":"una","start":4050.06,"end":4050.26},{"text":"conferencia","start":4050.27,"end":4050.87},{"text":"diplomática","start":4050.87,"end":4051.46}]},{"text":"Esto es una decisión política.","start":4051.75,"end":4053.69,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Esto","start":4051.75,"end":4052.16},{"text":"es","start":4052.16,"end":4052.18},{"text":"una","start":4052.18,"end":4052.39},{"text":"decisión","start":4052.39,"end":4052.97},{"text":"política","start":4052.97,"end":4053.69}]},{"text":"La comisión no está para decisiones políticas, sino para fundamentar las cosas sobre base jurídica, corresponde a los estados, no hemos puesto límites ni hemos eh solamente dado una base lógica.","start":4054.06,"end":4066.59,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"La","start":4054.06,"end":4054.23},{"text":"comisión","start":4054.24,"end":4054.71},{"text":"no","start":4054.73,"end":4054.85},{"text":"está","start":4054.86,"end":4055.18},{"text":"para","start":4055.18,"end":4055.41},{"text":"decisiones","start":4055.43,"end":4055.96},{"text":"políticas","start":4055.96,"end":4056.54},{"text":"sino","start":4056.77,"end":4057.1},{"text":"para","start":4057.12,"end":4057.39},{"text":"fundamentar","start":4057.4,"end":4058.09},{"text":"las","start":4058.09,"end":4058.25},{"text":"cosas","start":4058.25,"end":4058.61},{"text":"sobre","start":4058.61,"end":4058.89},{"text":"base","start":4058.89,"end":4059.21},{"text":"jurídica","start":4059.21,"end":4060.13},{"text":"corresponde","start":4060.14,"end":4060.74},{"text":"a","start":4060.74,"end":4060.77},{"text":"los","start":4060.77,"end":4060.92},{"text":"estados","start":4060.93,"end":4061.45},{"text":"no","start":4061.7,"end":4061.85},{"text":"hemos","start":4061.87,"end":4062.07},{"text":"puesto","start":4062.09,"end":4062.46},{"text":"límites","start":4062.47,"end":4063.05},{"text":"ni","start":4063.33,"end":4063.53},{"text":"hemos","start":4063.56,"end":4063.77},{"text":"eh","start":4064.09,"end":4064.23},{"text":"solamente","start":4064.23,"end":4064.92},{"text":"dado","start":4064.93,"end":4065.26},{"text":"una","start":4065.29,"end":4065.53},{"text":"base","start":4065.53,"end":4065.95},{"text":"lógica","start":4065.95,"end":4066.59}]},{"text":"Eh en segundo lugar eh, eh, quisiera señalar que algunos miembros antes de la aprobación final hablaron y muchos estados, algunos estados sobre desarrollo progresivo y codificación, Es importante señalar que desarrollo progresivo y codificación no son conceptos estrictamente separados, existen distintos niveles de interacción que resultan esenciales.","start":4067.3,"end":4093.57,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Eh","start":4067.3,"end":4067.61},{"text":"en","start":4068.25,"end":4068.33},{"text":"segundo","start":4068.34,"end":4068.86},{"text":"lugar","start":4068.86,"end":4069.31},{"text":"eh","start":4069.73,"end":4070.05},{"text":"eh","start":4070.62,"end":4071.01},{"text":"quisiera","start":4072.49,"end":4072.98},{"text":"señalar","start":4072.98,"end":4073.6},{"text":"que","start":4073.99,"end":4074.15},{"text":"algunos","start":4074.17,"end":4074.58},{"text":"miembros","start":4074.58,"end":4075.17},{"text":"antes","start":4075.19,"end":4075.81},{"text":"de","start":4075.81,"end":4075.89},{"text":"la","start":4075.89,"end":4075.97},{"text":"aprobación","start":4075.97,"end":4076.39},{"text":"final","start":4076.39,"end":4076.85},{"text":"hablaron","start":4076.85,"end":4077.56},{"text":"y","start":4077.57,"end":4077.69},{"text":"muchos","start":4077.73,"end":4078.09},{"text":"estados","start":4078.1,"end":4078.65},{"text":"algunos","start":4078.67,"end":4079.2},{"text":"estados","start":4079.21,"end":4079.62},{"text":"sobre","start":4079.62,"end":4079.89},{"text":"desarrollo","start":4079.89,"end":4080.47},{"text":"progresivo","start":4080.47,"end":4081.24},{"text":"y","start":4081.62,"end":4081.8},{"text":"codificación","start":4081.81,"end":4082.74},{"text":"Es","start":4083.17,"end":4083.33},{"text":"importante","start":4083.35,"end":4084.02},{"text":"señalar","start":4084.02,"end":4084.43},{"text":"que","start":4084.43,"end":4084.59},{"text":"desarrollo","start":4084.59,"end":4085.04},{"text":"progresivo","start":4085.04,"end":4085.52},{"text":"y","start":4085.53,"end":4085.53},{"text":"codificación","start":4085.55,"end":4086.26},{"text":"no","start":4086.45,"end":4086.69},{"text":"son","start":4086.69,"end":4086.93},{"text":"conceptos","start":4086.94,"end":4087.61},{"text":"estrictamente","start":4087.62,"end":4088.25},{"text":"separados","start":4088.25,"end":4089.03},{"text":"existen","start":4089.57,"end":4090.29},{"text":"distintos","start":4090.29,"end":4090.9},{"text":"niveles","start":4090.9,"end":4091.41},{"text":"de","start":4091.41,"end":4091.49},{"text":"interacción","start":4091.49,"end":4092.19},{"text":"que","start":4092.2,"end":4092.33},{"text":"resultan","start":4092.33,"end":4092.85},{"text":"esenciales","start":4092.86,"end":4093.57}]},{"text":"El concepto de desarrollo progresivo no significa, por el solo hecho de calificar una cuestión como tal, que se resolvió el problema.","start":4093.97,"end":4101.65,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"El","start":4093.97,"end":4094.13},{"text":"concepto","start":4094.13,"end":4094.68},{"text":"de","start":4094.68,"end":4094.7},{"text":"desarrollo","start":4094.79,"end":4095.13},{"text":"progresivo","start":4095.13,"end":4095.7},{"text":"no","start":4096.05,"end":4096.29},{"text":"significa","start":4096.29,"end":4097.04},{"text":"por","start":4097.53,"end":4097.73},{"text":"el","start":4097.73,"end":4097.84},{"text":"solo","start":4097.84,"end":4098.16},{"text":"hecho","start":4098.17,"end":4098.41},{"text":"de","start":4098.41,"end":4098.45},{"text":"calificar","start":4098.45,"end":4099.01},{"text":"una","start":4099.04,"end":4099.23},{"text":"cuestión","start":4099.23,"end":4099.59},{"text":"como","start":4099.6,"end":4099.89},{"text":"tal","start":4099.89,"end":4100.16},{"text":"que","start":4100.37,"end":4100.51},{"text":"se","start":4100.51,"end":4100.65},{"text":"resolvió","start":4100.65,"end":4101.08},{"text":"el","start":4101.08,"end":4101.14},{"text":"problema","start":4101.14,"end":4101.65}]},{"text":"El desarrollo progresivo exige que se desarrolle progresivamente y un criterio del desarrollo progresivo es que haya práctica suficiente de los estados.","start":4102.21,"end":4112.12,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"El","start":4102.21,"end":4102.36},{"text":"desarrollo","start":4102.38,"end":4103.13},{"text":"progresivo","start":4103.14,"end":4103.73},{"text":"exige","start":4103.73,"end":4104.31},{"text":"que","start":4105.01,"end":4105.15},{"text":"se","start":4105.15,"end":4105.34},{"text":"desarrolle","start":4105.34,"end":4106.03},{"text":"progresivamente","start":4106.03,"end":4107.17},{"text":"y","start":4107.46,"end":4107.59},{"text":"un","start":4107.59,"end":4107.71},{"text":"criterio","start":4107.72,"end":4108.21},{"text":"del","start":4108.29,"end":4108.3},{"text":"desarrollo","start":4108.3,"end":4108.73},{"text":"progresivo","start":4108.87,"end":4109.45},{"text":"es","start":4109.69,"end":4109.8},{"text":"que","start":4109.81,"end":4109.93},{"text":"haya","start":4109.93,"end":4110.15},{"text":"práctica","start":4110.15,"end":4110.61},{"text":"suficiente","start":4110.61,"end":4111.32},{"text":"de","start":4111.33,"end":4111.45},{"text":"los","start":4111.45,"end":4111.61},{"text":"estados","start":4111.63,"end":4112.12}]},{"text":"Importante ver la reflexión de Tomás Burgental sobre el significado del desarrollo progresivo de la declaración universal de derechos humanos, que fue adoptada como desarrollo progresivo, pero ese estándar implicó ciertas obligaciones y llegó a tener carácter vinculante porque los estados no entendieron desarrollo progresivo como una forma de poner fin al debate sobre simplemente decir es desarrollo progresivo no tiene consecuencia.","start":4112.49,"end":4141.69,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future 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varias áreas del derecho se establecen las obligaciones que surgen del desarrollo progresivo.","start":4141.69,"end":4148.58,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"En","start":4141.69,"end":4141.79},{"text":"varias","start":4141.79,"end":4142.2},{"text":"áreas","start":4142.61,"end":4142.93},{"text":"del","start":4142.93,"end":4143.12},{"text":"derecho","start":4143.12,"end":4143.65},{"text":"se","start":4143.86,"end":4144.01},{"text":"establecen","start":4144.01,"end":4144.69},{"text":"las","start":4144.7,"end":4145.12},{"text":"obligaciones","start":4145.13,"end":4146.09},{"text":"que","start":4146.3,"end":4146.45},{"text":"surgen","start":4146.45,"end":4146.95},{"text":"del","start":4146.97,"end":4147.11},{"text":"desarrollo","start":4147.12,"end":4147.73},{"text":"progresivo","start":4147.93,"end":4148.58}]},{"text":"Nos beneficiaríamos de escuchar cuál es la opinión de distintos estados de qué significa que sea de desarrollo progresivo.","start":4148.58,"end":4156.79,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Nos","start":4148.58,"end":4148.75},{"text":"beneficiaríamos","start":4148.76,"end":4149.76},{"text":"de","start":4150.13,"end":4150.3},{"text":"escuchar","start":4150.3,"end":4150.8},{"text":"cuál","start":4151.29,"end":4151.62},{"text":"es","start":4151.62,"end":4151.89},{"text":"la","start":4151.89,"end":4152.04},{"text":"opinión","start":4152.04,"end":4152.53},{"text":"de","start":4152.57,"end":4152.71},{"text":"distintos","start":4152.75,"end":4153.21},{"text":"estados","start":4153.21,"end":4153.64},{"text":"de","start":4153.65,"end":4153.81},{"text":"qué","start":4153.81,"end":4154.01},{"text":"significa","start":4154.01,"end":4154.67},{"text":"que","start":4154.67,"end":4154.79},{"text":"sea","start":4154.79,"end":4155.01},{"text":"de","start":4155.01,"end":4155.13},{"text":"desarrollo","start":4155.4,"end":4155.7},{"text":"progresivo","start":4155.7,"end":4156.79}]},{"text":"También eh la idea es adaptar la tradición jurídica y resolver problemas del tiempo tomándola en cuenta.","start":4157.21,"end":4164.96,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"También","start":4157.21,"end":4157.81},{"text":"eh","start":4158.37,"end":4158.53},{"text":"la","start":4158.55,"end":4158.73},{"text":"idea","start":4158.74,"end":4159.18},{"text":"es","start":4159.18,"end":4159.54},{"text":"adaptar","start":4159.65,"end":4160.37},{"text":"la","start":4160.37,"end":4160.53},{"text":"tradición","start":4160.55,"end":4161.01},{"text":"jurídica","start":4161.01,"end":4161.45},{"text":"y","start":4161.45,"end":4161.5},{"text":"resolver","start":4161.5,"end":4161.97},{"text":"problemas","start":4161.97,"end":4162.39},{"text":"del","start":4162.39,"end":4162.57},{"text":"tiempo","start":4162.57,"end":4163.05},{"text":"tomándola","start":4163.54,"end":4164.27},{"text":"en","start":4164.28,"end":4164.47},{"text":"cuenta","start":4164.48,"end":4164.96}]},{"text":"Los jueces Higgins, Coimans y Wurgenthal plantearon que uno de los desafíos del derecho internacional consiste en proporcionar esta estabilidad en las relaciones internacionales, asegurando al mismo tiempo el respeto a los derechos humanos y que la tarea que confrenta el derecho internacional es proporcionar esa estabilidad por medio distintos distinto de la impunidad de los responsables de violaciones.","start":4165.21,"end":4189.93,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. 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jurista uruguayo Eduardo Coutur padre del derecho procesal en América Latina se refirió a la necesidad y al deber de los juristas de comprender el contexto con el objeto de provocar, de promover el desarrollo 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los juristas, los juristas que solo saben derecho, no saben ni siquiera derecho.","start":4204.53,"end":4211.47,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Dijo","start":4204.53,"end":4204.93},{"text":"los","start":4205.3,"end":4205.49},{"text":"juristas","start":4205.49,"end":4206.08},{"text":"los","start":4207.13,"end":4207.36},{"text":"juristas","start":4207.36,"end":4207.84},{"text":"que","start":4207.84,"end":4208.01},{"text":"solo","start":4208.01,"end":4208.45},{"text":"saben","start":4208.45,"end":4208.88},{"text":"derecho","start":4208.9,"end":4209.52},{"text":"no","start":4209.54,"end":4209.76},{"text":"saben","start":4209.77,"end":4210.11},{"text":"ni","start":4210.11,"end":4210.29},{"text":"siquiera","start":4210.29,"end":4210.9},{"text":"derecho","start":4210.93,"end":4211.47}]},{"text":"Concluyo con una reflexión personal.","start":4211.96,"end":4214.21,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Concluyo","start":4211.96,"end":4212.69},{"text":"con","start":4212.69,"end":4212.87},{"text":"una","start":4212.87,"end":4213.07},{"text":"reflexión","start":4213.07,"end":4213.61},{"text":"personal","start":4213.62,"end":4214.21}]},{"text":"Junto con Jos Juan Méndez y José Miguel Vivanco fui el abogado en el caso Velázquez Rodríguez, el primer caso contencioso ante la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos.","start":4215.03,"end":4225.11,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Junto","start":4215.03,"end":4215.41},{"text":"con","start":4215.41,"end":4215.42},{"text":"Jos","start":4215.42,"end":4215.82},{"text":"Juan","start":4215.82,"end":4216.09},{"text":"Méndez","start":4216.11,"end":4216.54},{"text":"y","start":4216.54,"end":4216.61},{"text":"José","start":4216.61,"end":4216.91},{"text":"Miguel","start":4216.91,"end":4217.26},{"text":"Vivanco","start":4217.26,"end":4217.87},{"text":"fui","start":4218.25,"end":4218.49},{"text":"el","start":4218.49,"end":4218.61},{"text":"abogado","start":4218.61,"end":4219.32},{"text":"en","start":4219.37,"end":4219.57},{"text":"el","start":4219.57,"end":4219.67},{"text":"caso","start":4219.67,"end":4220.01},{"text":"Velázquez","start":4220.01,"end":4220.45},{"text":"Rodríguez","start":4220.46,"end":4221.15},{"text":"el","start":4221.17,"end":4221.37},{"text":"primer","start":4221.38,"end":4221.76},{"text":"caso","start":4221.76,"end":4222.13},{"text":"contencioso","start":4222.13,"end":4222.92},{"text":"ante","start":4222.92,"end":4223.12},{"text":"la","start":4223.12,"end":4223.25},{"text":"Corte","start":4223.25,"end":4223.49},{"text":"Interamericana","start":4223.5,"end":4224.25},{"text":"de","start":4224.25,"end":4224.29},{"text":"Derechos","start":4224.29,"end":4224.69},{"text":"Humanos","start":4224.69,"end":4225.11}]},{"text":"Era un caso desapariciones.","start":4225.97,"end":4227.43,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Era","start":4225.97,"end":4226.17},{"text":"un","start":4226.17,"end":4226.26},{"text":"caso","start":4226.26,"end":4226.53},{"text":"desapariciones","start":4226.69,"end":4227.43}]},{"text":"En este caso desaparición formal las víctimas sufrieron represalia, agravio y un dolor inmenso durante muchos años.","start":4227.89,"end":4234.96,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"En","start":4227.89,"end":4228.06},{"text":"este","start":4228.06,"end":4228.33},{"text":"caso","start":4228.33,"end":4228.72},{"text":"desaparición","start":4228.81,"end":4229.3},{"text":"formal","start":4229.3,"end":4229.7},{"text":"las","start":4229.7,"end":4229.89},{"text":"víctimas","start":4229.89,"end":4230.41},{"text":"sufrieron","start":4230.41,"end":4230.94},{"text":"represalia","start":4230.95,"end":4231.73},{"text":"agravio","start":4231.73,"end":4232.21},{"text":"y","start":4232.21,"end":4232.32},{"text":"un","start":4232.32,"end":4232.42},{"text":"dolor","start":4232.43,"end":4232.74},{"text":"inmenso","start":4232.77,"end":4233.49},{"text":"durante","start":4233.77,"end":4234.22},{"text":"muchos","start":4234.22,"end":4234.62},{"text":"años","start":4234.62,"end":4234.96}]},{"text":"Comprensiblemente era muy difícil para ellos controlar su sufrimiento, contener sus emociones.","start":4235.4,"end":4242.99,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Comprensiblemente","start":4235.4,"end":4236.87},{"text":"era","start":4236.87,"end":4237.13},{"text":"muy","start":4237.13,"end":4237.37},{"text":"difícil","start":4237.37,"end":4238.01},{"text":"para","start":4238.25,"end":4238.54},{"text":"ellos","start":4238.56,"end":4238.76},{"text":"controlar","start":4239.49,"end":4240.07},{"text":"su","start":4240.07,"end":4240.23},{"text":"sufrimiento","start":4240.24,"end":4240.99},{"text":"contener","start":4241,"end":4241.45},{"text":"sus","start":4241.45,"end":4241.7},{"text":"emociones","start":4242.12,"end":4242.99}]},{"text":"Cuando se iba a dictar la sentencia de la Corte Interamericana consideramos la posibilidad de contratar a un médico para que asistiera a las víctimas.","start":4243.46,"end":4251.53,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Cuando","start":4243.46,"end":4243.8},{"text":"se","start":4243.8,"end":4243.93},{"text":"iba","start":4243.93,"end":4244.08},{"text":"a","start":4244.08,"end":4244.11},{"text":"dictar","start":4244.11,"end":4244.56},{"text":"la","start":4244.57,"end":4244.67},{"text":"sentencia","start":4244.68,"end":4245.23},{"text":"de","start":4245.23,"end":4245.24},{"text":"la","start":4245.24,"end":4245.36},{"text":"Corte","start":4245.36,"end":4245.62},{"text":"Interamericana","start":4245.63,"end":4246.53},{"text":"consideramos","start":4246.81,"end":4247.53},{"text":"la","start":4247.54,"end":4247.67},{"text":"posibilidad","start":4247.67,"end":4248.32},{"text":"de","start":4248.6,"end":4248.75},{"text":"contratar","start":4248.75,"end":4249.31},{"text":"a","start":4249.31,"end":4249.33},{"text":"un","start":4249.33,"end":4249.44},{"text":"médico","start":4249.44,"end":4249.97},{"text":"para","start":4249.98,"end":4250.19},{"text":"que","start":4250.2,"end":4250.32},{"text":"asistiera","start":4250.32,"end":4250.84},{"text":"a","start":4250.84,"end":4250.87},{"text":"las","start":4250.88,"end":4251.04},{"text":"víctimas","start":4251.05,"end":4251.53}]},{"text":"pues existía la posibilidad de que perdiéramos el caso por alguna cuestión técnica.","start":4251.93,"end":4257.07,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"pues","start":4251.93,"end":4252.08},{"text":"existía","start":4252.22,"end":4252.54},{"text":"la","start":4252.54,"end":4252.68},{"text":"posibilidad","start":4252.68,"end":4253.32},{"text":"de","start":4253.49,"end":4253.64},{"text":"que","start":4253.64,"end":4253.76},{"text":"perdiéramos","start":4253.78,"end":4254.41},{"text":"el","start":4254.41,"end":4254.54},{"text":"caso","start":4254.54,"end":4255.07},{"text":"por","start":4255.08,"end":4255.32},{"text":"alguna","start":4255.33,"end":4255.84},{"text":"cuestión","start":4255.88,"end":4256.48},{"text":"técnica","start":4256.52,"end":4257.07}]},{"text":"Sin embargo, las víctimas estaban muy tranquilas, comprendimos la razón, era la primera vez que se encontraban ante un tribunal independiente que cumplía con todas las garantías del debido 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que hubiera sido el resultado, el caso demostró a las víctimas de la comunidad internacional la importancia, relevancia del estado de derecho y proporcionar posibilidades de acción.","start":4272.45,"end":4284.24,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Cualquiera","start":4272.45,"end":4273.12},{"text":"que","start":4273.12,"end":4273.2},{"text":"hubiera","start":4273.2,"end":4273.44},{"text":"sido","start":4273.44,"end":4273.6},{"text":"el","start":4273.6,"end":4273.72},{"text":"resultado","start":4273.72,"end":4274.4},{"text":"el","start":4274.42,"end":4274.61},{"text":"caso","start":4274.62,"end":4274.99},{"text":"demostró","start":4274.99,"end":4274.99},{"text":"a","start":4274.99,"end":4275.48},{"text":"las","start":4275.48,"end":4275.65},{"text":"víctimas","start":4275.67,"end":4276.17},{"text":"de","start":4276.17,"end":4276.24},{"text":"la","start":4276.24,"end":4276.36},{"text":"comunidad","start":4276.36,"end":4276.7},{"text":"internacional","start":4276.89,"end":4277.54},{"text":"la","start":4277.93,"end":4278.29},{"text":"importancia","start":4278.3,"end":4279.34},{"text":"relevancia","start":4279.74,"end":4280.56},{"text":"del","start":4280.62,"end":4280.69},{"text":"estado","start":4280.69,"end":4281.04},{"text":"de","start":4281.04,"end":4281.12},{"text":"derecho","start":4281.16,"end":4281.58},{"text":"y","start":4281.58,"end":4281.71},{"text":"proporcionar","start":4281.71,"end":4282.44},{"text":"posibilidades","start":4282.89,"end":4283.71},{"text":"de","start":4283.72,"end":4283.84},{"text":"acción","start":4283.85,"end":4284.24}]},{"text":"Este proyecto comparte algunas características con el caso Velázquez Rodrigo, su impacto a alcanza millones, decenas de millones, e incluso 100 millones de personas.","start":4284.67,"end":4295.36,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Este","start":4284.67,"end":4284.94},{"text":"proyecto","start":4284.94,"end":4285.46},{"text":"comparte","start":4285.46,"end":4286.14},{"text":"algunas","start":4286.16,"end":4286.49},{"text":"características","start":4286.49,"end":4287.4},{"text":"con","start":4287.4,"end":4287.58},{"text":"el","start":4287.58,"end":4287.68},{"text":"caso","start":4287.68,"end":4288},{"text":"Velázquez","start":4288.01,"end":4288.41},{"text":"Rodrigo","start":4288.41,"end":4289},{"text":"su","start":4289.58,"end":4289.8},{"text":"impacto","start":4289.8,"end":4290.6},{"text":"a","start":4290.6,"end":4290.71},{"text":"alcanza","start":4290.71,"end":4291.28},{"text":"millones","start":4291.28,"end":4292.01},{"text":"decenas","start":4292.01,"end":4292.56},{"text":"de","start":4292.56,"end":4292.61},{"text":"millones","start":4292.61,"end":4293.24},{"text":"e","start":4293.28,"end":4293.32},{"text":"incluso","start":4293.32,"end":4293.84},{"text":"100","start":4293.84,"end":4294.24},{"text":"millones","start":4294.24,"end":4294.65},{"text":"de","start":4294.66,"end":4294.78},{"text":"personas","start":4294.79,"end":4295.36}]},{"text":"Resachar la impunidad y al y proteger la y no proteger la igualdad soberana a los estados o eh justamente rechazar esto y al mismo tiempo proteger la igualdad soberana de los estados otorga legitimidad a la toma de decisiones internacionales y fortalece al estado de derecho.","start":4295.99,"end":4315.9,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. 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gracias.","start":4317.96,"end":4334.84,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Cuando","start":4317.96,"end":4318.32},{"text":"se","start":4318.32,"end":4318.45},{"text":"convoque","start":4318.46,"end":4319.39},{"text":"una","start":4319.39,"end":4319.68},{"text":"conferencia","start":4319.68,"end":4320.44},{"text":"diplomática","start":4320.45,"end":4321.2},{"text":"ustedes","start":4322.2,"end":4322.2},{"text":"los","start":4322.24,"end":4322.39},{"text":"actores","start":4322.39,"end":4322.76},{"text":"principales","start":4322.76,"end":4323.52},{"text":"de","start":4323.88,"end":4324.03},{"text":"la","start":4324.03,"end":4324.16},{"text":"comunidad","start":4324.16,"end":4324.51},{"text":"internacional","start":4324.63,"end":4325.18},{"text":"podrán","start":4325.49,"end":4326.05},{"text":"desarrollar","start":4327.48,"end":4327.48},{"text":"nuevas","start":4327.53,"end":4328.12},{"text":"formas","start":4328.15,"end":4328.64},{"text":"para","start":4328.96,"end":4329.22},{"text":"garantizar","start":4329.84,"end":4330.71},{"text":"estos","start":4330.72,"end":4331.15},{"text":"valores","start":4331.15,"end":4331.72},{"text":"y","start":4331.72,"end":4331.85},{"text":"cambiar","start":4331.85,"end":4331.85},{"text":"lo","start":4332.44,"end":4332.6},{"text":"que","start":4332.6,"end":4332.72},{"text":"consideren","start":4332.72,"end":4332.72},{"text":"necesario","start":4332.86,"end":4334.16},{"text":"muchas","start":4334.16,"end":4334.51},{"text":"gracias","start":4334.84,"end":4334.84}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"ILC","group":null,"function":"Relator 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will now resume our list, go back to our speakers list and the next speaker on the list is the distinguished representative of Estonia, you have the 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president today i start with addressing the topic of immunity of state officials from foreign criminal jurisdiction estonia express expresses its appreciation for the Commission's sustained and balanced work on this sensitive topic.","start":4395.58,"end":4416.36,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. 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Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"defining","start":4446.95,"end":4447.83},{"text":"the","start":4448.03,"end":4448.13},{"text":"principle","start":4448.13,"end":4448.91},{"text":"of","start":4449.07,"end":4449.32},{"text":"accountability","start":4449.39,"end":4450.43},{"text":"as","start":4450.53,"end":4450.76},{"text":"one","start":4450.76,"end":4451.1},{"text":"of","start":4451.15,"end":4451.28},{"text":"its","start":4451.28,"end":4451.47},{"text":"constituent","start":4451.49,"end":4452.28},{"text":"elements","start":4452.29,"end":4452.83},{"text":"and","start":4453.48,"end":4453.69},{"text":"consolidating","start":4453.71,"end":4454.75},{"text":"the","start":4454.79,"end":4454.89},{"text":"fight","start":4454.89,"end":4455.35},{"text":"against","start":4455.35,"end":4455.72},{"text":"impunity","start":4455.72,"end":4456.51},{"text":"as","start":4456.73,"end":4456.89},{"text":"a","start":4456.89,"end":4456.95},{"text":"goal","start":4456.95,"end":4457.51},{"text":"of","start":4457.64,"end":4457.8},{"text":"the","start":4457.81,"end":4457.88},{"text":"international","start":4457.88,"end":4458.67},{"text":"community","start":4458.67,"end":4459.35}]},{"text":"We appreciate the clarification that the draft articles do not affect the rights and obligations of states in relation to the jurisdiction of international criminal courts and tribunals established and operating under specific agreements.","start":4461.24,"end":4478.95,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. 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Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":4480.71,"end":4480.89},{"text":"is","start":4480.89,"end":4481.04},{"text":"important","start":4481.04,"end":4481.53},{"text":"to","start":4481.53,"end":4481.7},{"text":"ensure","start":4481.7,"end":4482.26},{"text":"that","start":4482.72,"end":4482.87},{"text":"the","start":4482.92,"end":4483.04},{"text":"draft","start":4483.06,"end":4483.53},{"text":"articles","start":4483.53,"end":4484.24},{"text":"do","start":4484.27,"end":4484.48},{"text":"not","start":4484.48,"end":4484.79},{"text":"impair","start":4484.87,"end":4485.37},{"text":"the","start":4485.39,"end":4485.52},{"text":"achievements","start":4485.52,"end":4486.43},{"text":"of","start":4486.51,"end":4486.64},{"text":"such","start":4486.69,"end":4487.12},{"text":"such","start":4487.43,"end":4487.92},{"text":"special","start":4488.15,"end":4488.77},{"text":"legal","start":4488.86,"end":4489.17},{"text":"regimes","start":4489.19,"end":4489.77}]},{"text":"Estonia has long emphasised that there can be no impunity for the most serious international crimes.","start":4493.43,"end":4500.86,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Estonia","start":4493.43,"end":4493.94},{"text":"has","start":4493.94,"end":4494.15},{"text":"long","start":4494.15,"end":4494.46},{"text":"emphasised","start":4494.47,"end":4495.34},{"text":"that","start":4495.77,"end":4496.12},{"text":"there","start":4496.27,"end":4496.59},{"text":"can","start":4496.59,"end":4497.02},{"text":"be","start":4497.04,"end":4497.2},{"text":"no","start":4497.2,"end":4497.51},{"text":"impunity","start":4497.55,"end":4498.32},{"text":"for","start":4498.35,"end":4498.61},{"text":"the","start":4498.61,"end":4498.72},{"text":"most","start":4498.72,"end":4498.99},{"text":"serious","start":4499.03,"end":4499.58},{"text":"international","start":4499.59,"end":4500.23},{"text":"crimes","start":4500.24,"end":4500.86}]},{"text":"Therefore, we continue to support the inclusion of the list of the crimes to which impunity does not apply and welcome the list for formulated in draft article six.","start":4501.79,"end":4513.88,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Therefore","start":4501.79,"end":4502.35},{"text":"we","start":4502.55,"end":4502.69},{"text":"continue","start":4502.69,"end":4503.19},{"text":"to","start":4503.19,"end":4503.31},{"text":"support","start":4503.31,"end":4504.01},{"text":"the","start":4504.07,"end":4504.22},{"text":"inclusion","start":4504.22,"end":4504.99},{"text":"of","start":4505.03,"end":4505.16},{"text":"the","start":4505.19,"end":4505.31},{"text":"list","start":4505.31,"end":4505.72},{"text":"of","start":4505.75,"end":4505.89},{"text":"the","start":4505.91,"end":4505.99},{"text":"crimes","start":4506.01,"end":4506.64},{"text":"to","start":4507.23,"end":4507.35},{"text":"which","start":4507.35,"end":4507.55},{"text":"impunity","start":4507.56,"end":4508.23},{"text":"does","start":4508.23,"end":4508.51},{"text":"not","start":4508.51,"end":4508.79},{"text":"apply","start":4508.79,"end":4509.39},{"text":"and","start":4510.24,"end":4510.57},{"text":"welcome","start":4510.59,"end":4511.02},{"text":"the","start":4511.03,"end":4511.15},{"text":"list","start":4511.15,"end":4511.48},{"text":"for","start":4511.48,"end":4511.73},{"text":"formulated","start":4511.73,"end":4512.32},{"text":"in","start":4512.35,"end":4512.45},{"text":"draft","start":4512.47,"end":4512.91},{"text":"article","start":4512.94,"end":4513.39},{"text":"six","start":4513.43,"end":4513.88}]},{"text":"We reiterate our support for the inclusion of the crime of aggression to the list.","start":4514.91,"end":4520.18,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":4514.91,"end":4515.05},{"text":"reiterate","start":4515.06,"end":4515.84},{"text":"our","start":4516.21,"end":4516.42},{"text":"support","start":4516.42,"end":4517.15},{"text":"for","start":4517.27,"end":4517.48},{"text":"the","start":4517.48,"end":4517.57},{"text":"inclusion","start":4517.59,"end":4518.22},{"text":"of","start":4518.23,"end":4518.35},{"text":"the","start":4518.36,"end":4518.44},{"text":"crime","start":4518.44,"end":4518.81},{"text":"of","start":4518.82,"end":4518.94},{"text":"aggression","start":4518.95,"end":4519.44},{"text":"to","start":4519.59,"end":4519.69},{"text":"the","start":4519.71,"end":4519.77},{"text":"list","start":4519.78,"end":4520.18}]},{"text":"We appreciate the explanation in the commentary that although the draft article six concerns the immunity from the exercise of foreign criminal jurisdiction, racione materia, this does not mean that the troika can enjoy absolute immunity from criminal jurisdiction because 12 article six is applicable to a former head of state, a former head of government or a former minister for foreign affairs for the acts performed in an official capacity during the period of office.","start":4522.27,"end":4559.07,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":4522.27,"end":4522.43},{"text":"appreciate","start":4522.44,"end":4523.22},{"text":"the","start":4523.39,"end":4523.56},{"text":"explanation","start":4523.56,"end":4524.39},{"text":"in","start":4524.39,"end":4524.5},{"text":"the","start":4524.5,"end":4524.56},{"text":"commentary","start":4524.57,"end":4525.29},{"text":"that","start":4525.79,"end":4526.09},{"text":"although","start":4526.2,"end":4526.99},{"text":"the","start":4527.27,"end":4527.43},{"text":"draft","start":4527.44,"end":4527.88},{"text":"article","start":4527.88,"end":4528.28},{"text":"six","start":4528.28,"end":4528.59},{"text":"concerns","start":4528.59,"end":4529.29},{"text":"the","start":4529.35,"end":4529.43},{"text":"immunity","start":4529.51,"end":4530.31},{"text":"from","start":4530.31,"end":4530.68},{"text":"the","start":4530.68,"end":4530.83},{"text":"exercise","start":4530.83,"end":4531.59},{"text":"of","start":4531.59,"end":4531.67},{"text":"foreign","start":4531.75,"end":4532.16},{"text":"criminal","start":4532.17,"end":4532.73},{"text":"jurisdiction","start":4532.73,"end":4533.55},{"text":"racione","start":4533.55,"end":4534.06},{"text":"materia","start":4534.14,"end":4534.67},{"text":"this","start":4535.63,"end":4535.84},{"text":"does","start":4535.84,"end":4536.09},{"text":"not","start":4536.11,"end":4536.49},{"text":"mean","start":4536.5,"end":4537},{"text":"that","start":4537.36,"end":4537.55},{"text":"the","start":4537.58,"end":4537.68},{"text":"troika","start":4537.68,"end":4538.3},{"text":"can","start":4538.35,"end":4538.55},{"text":"enjoy","start":4538.59,"end":4539.03},{"text":"absolute","start":4539.07,"end":4539.75},{"text":"immunity","start":4539.79,"end":4540.49},{"text":"from","start":4540.76,"end":4541.03},{"text":"criminal","start":4541.03,"end":4541.47},{"text":"jurisdiction","start":4541.47,"end":4542.17},{"text":"because","start":4543.47,"end":4543.86},{"text":"12","start":4543.87,"end":4544.19},{"text":"article","start":4544.22,"end":4544.57},{"text":"six","start":4544.58,"end":4545.02},{"text":"is","start":4545.24,"end":4545.54},{"text":"applicable","start":4545.57,"end":4546.27},{"text":"to","start":4547.09,"end":4547.25},{"text":"a","start":4547.26,"end":4547.35},{"text":"former","start":4547.35,"end":4547.81},{"text":"head","start":4547.82,"end":4548.16},{"text":"of","start":4548.19,"end":4548.51},{"text":"state","start":4548.57,"end":4549.13},{"text":"a","start":4549.46,"end":4549.55},{"text":"former","start":4549.55,"end":4549.95},{"text":"head","start":4549.99,"end":4550.23},{"text":"of","start":4550.23,"end":4550.32},{"text":"government","start":4550.32,"end":4550.32},{"text":"or","start":4551.32,"end":4551.5},{"text":"a","start":4551.5,"end":4551.56},{"text":"former","start":4551.57,"end":4552},{"text":"minister","start":4552.03,"end":4552.66},{"text":"for","start":4552.79,"end":4552.94},{"text":"foreign","start":4552.94,"end":4553.27},{"text":"affairs","start":4553.27,"end":4553.79},{"text":"for","start":4554.4,"end":4554.59},{"text":"the","start":4554.59,"end":4554.68},{"text":"acts","start":4554.75,"end":4555.15},{"text":"performed","start":4555.19,"end":4555.77},{"text":"in","start":4555.81,"end":4555.93},{"text":"an","start":4555.93,"end":4556.03},{"text":"official","start":4556.03,"end":4556.44},{"text":"capacity","start":4556.47,"end":4557.15},{"text":"during","start":4557.43,"end":4557.83},{"text":"the","start":4557.84,"end":4557.95},{"text":"period","start":4557.98,"end":4558.47},{"text":"of","start":4558.47,"end":4558.67},{"text":"office","start":4558.68,"end":4559.07}]},{"text":"We would also like to emphasise the importance of including procedural safeguards to provide clarity for the communication between relevant states and to ensure the protection of the rights of the persons concerned.","start":4562.67,"end":4576.7,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":4562.67,"end":4562.87},{"text":"would","start":4562.87,"end":4563.05},{"text":"also","start":4563.07,"end":4563.43},{"text":"like","start":4563.43,"end":4563.67},{"text":"to","start":4563.67,"end":4563.74},{"text":"emphasise","start":4563.79,"end":4564.46},{"text":"the","start":4564.47,"end":4564.57},{"text":"importance","start":4564.6,"end":4565.36},{"text":"of","start":4565.4,"end":4565.59},{"text":"including","start":4565.63,"end":4566.28},{"text":"procedural","start":4566.28,"end":4566.48},{"text":"safeguards","start":4566.48,"end":4567.9},{"text":"to","start":4567.95,"end":4568.06},{"text":"provide","start":4568.06,"end":4568.41},{"text":"clarity","start":4568.41,"end":4568.94},{"text":"for","start":4568.95,"end":4569.15},{"text":"the","start":4569.15,"end":4569.23},{"text":"communication","start":4569.24,"end":4570.16},{"text":"between","start":4570.17,"end":4570.5},{"text":"relevant","start":4570.51,"end":4571.71},{"text":"states","start":4571.71,"end":4572.25},{"text":"and","start":4572.77,"end":4572.99},{"text":"to","start":4572.99,"end":4573.11},{"text":"ensure","start":4573.11,"end":4573.66},{"text":"the","start":4573.67,"end":4573.78},{"text":"protection","start":4573.78,"end":4574.45},{"text":"of","start":4574.51,"end":4574.64},{"text":"the","start":4574.67,"end":4574.74},{"text":"rights","start":4574.75,"end":4575.17},{"text":"of","start":4575.17,"end":4575.3},{"text":"the","start":4575.32,"end":4575.41},{"text":"persons","start":4575.43,"end":4576.07},{"text":"concerned","start":4576.08,"end":4576.7}]},{"text":"Turning to the topic other decisions and conclusions estonia welcomes the inclusion of the identification and legal consequences of obligations erga omnes in international law in the Commission's programme of work.","start":4581.11,"end":4595.13,"topics":[{"key":"erga-omnes-obligations","label":"Erga Omnes Obligations","description":"Speakers discussed the identification and legal consequences of obligations owed to the international community as a whole. Issues included their distinction from peremptory norms, the invocation of state responsibility, and concerns about their use in politically motivated proceedings."}],"words":[{"text":"Turning","start":4581.11,"end":4581.47},{"text":"to","start":4581.48,"end":4581.57},{"text":"the","start":4581.57,"end":4581.67},{"text":"topic","start":4581.67,"end":4582.08},{"text":"other","start":4582.15,"end":4582.39},{"text":"decisions","start":4582.39,"end":4583.07},{"text":"and","start":4583.07,"end":4583.22},{"text":"conclusions","start":4583.23,"end":4584.13},{"text":"estonia","start":4584.26,"end":4584.71},{"text":"welcomes","start":4584.71,"end":4585.26},{"text":"the","start":4585.28,"end":4585.4},{"text":"inclusion","start":4585.4,"end":4586.09},{"text":"of","start":4586.16,"end":4586.31},{"text":"the","start":4586.32,"end":4586.51},{"text":"identification","start":4586.67,"end":4587.82},{"text":"and","start":4587.87,"end":4588.06},{"text":"legal","start":4588.06,"end":4588.47},{"text":"consequences","start":4588.48,"end":4589.35},{"text":"of","start":4589.38,"end":4589.54},{"text":"obligations","start":4589.54,"end":4590.33},{"text":"erga","start":4590.36,"end":4590.67},{"text":"omnes","start":4590.67,"end":4591.16},{"text":"in","start":4591.2,"end":4591.35},{"text":"international","start":4591.35,"end":4592.01},{"text":"law","start":4592.03,"end":4592.31},{"text":"in","start":4592.95,"end":4593.16},{"text":"the","start":4593.16,"end":4593.16},{"text":"Commission's","start":4593.16,"end":4593.95},{"text":"programme","start":4594.11,"end":4594.57},{"text":"of","start":4594.63,"end":4594.78},{"text":"work","start":4594.83,"end":4595.13}]},{"text":"We would also like to share some thought about the revised syllabus on extraterritorial jurisdiction estonia attaches particular importance to the clear and consistently applied general international rules governing relations between states.","start":4598.48,"end":4615.69,"topics":[{"key":"extraterritorial-jurisdiction","label":"Extraterritorial Jurisdiction","description":"Delegations considered further work on the grounds and limits of jurisdiction exercised beyond national territory. Several supported combining a general legal framework with sector-specific analysis to strengthen legal certainty, consistency, and cooperation between states."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":4598.48,"end":4598.66},{"text":"would","start":4598.66,"end":4598.83},{"text":"also","start":4598.86,"end":4599.19},{"text":"like","start":4599.2,"end":4599.47},{"text":"to","start":4599.51,"end":4599.6},{"text":"share","start":4599.6,"end":4599.86},{"text":"some","start":4599.86,"end":4600.15},{"text":"thought","start":4600.16,"end":4600.53},{"text":"about","start":4600.53,"end":4600.86},{"text":"the","start":4600.95,"end":4601.18},{"text":"revised","start":4601.26,"end":4601.91},{"text":"syllabus","start":4601.96,"end":4602.67},{"text":"on","start":4602.7,"end":4602.9},{"text":"extraterritorial","start":4602.94,"end":4603.9},{"text":"jurisdiction","start":4603.9,"end":4604.63},{"text":"estonia","start":4605.82,"end":4606.34},{"text":"attaches","start":4606.34,"end":4606.88},{"text":"particular","start":4606.88,"end":4607.62},{"text":"importance","start":4607.66,"end":4608.45},{"text":"to","start":4608.5,"end":4608.59},{"text":"the","start":4608.59,"end":4608.7},{"text":"clear","start":4608.7,"end":4609.21},{"text":"and","start":4609.26,"end":4609.41},{"text":"consistently","start":4609.42,"end":4610.81},{"text":"applied","start":4610.82,"end":4611.43},{"text":"general","start":4611.5,"end":4611.98},{"text":"international","start":4611.98,"end":4612.7},{"text":"rules","start":4612.72,"end":4613.23},{"text":"governing","start":4613.5,"end":4614.1},{"text":"relations","start":4614.8,"end":4614.8},{"text":"between","start":4614.8,"end":4615.15},{"text":"states","start":4615.15,"end":4615.69}]},{"text":"In our view, the Commission's work could help to build a shared understanding of the grounds and limits of jurisdiction, strengthen legal certainty and support cooperation between states.","start":4616.7,"end":4629.63,"topics":[{"key":"extraterritorial-jurisdiction","label":"Extraterritorial Jurisdiction","description":"Delegations considered further work on the grounds and limits of jurisdiction exercised beyond national territory. Several supported combining a general legal framework with sector-specific analysis to strengthen legal certainty, consistency, and cooperation between states."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":4616.7,"end":4616.83},{"text":"our","start":4616.86,"end":4617.14},{"text":"view","start":4617.14,"end":4617.5},{"text":"the","start":4617.94,"end":4618.02},{"text":"Commission's","start":4618.02,"end":4618.62},{"text":"work","start":4618.65,"end":4619.06},{"text":"could","start":4619.26,"end":4619.42},{"text":"help","start":4619.42,"end":4619.74},{"text":"to","start":4619.76,"end":4619.86},{"text":"build","start":4619.87,"end":4620.19},{"text":"a","start":4620.19,"end":4620.25},{"text":"shared","start":4620.25,"end":4620.71},{"text":"understanding","start":4620.72,"end":4621.49},{"text":"of","start":4622.26,"end":4622.41},{"text":"the","start":4622.42,"end":4622.47},{"text":"grounds","start":4622.5,"end":4623.05},{"text":"and","start":4623.05,"end":4623.21},{"text":"limits","start":4623.22,"end":4623.65},{"text":"of","start":4623.65,"end":4623.75},{"text":"jurisdiction","start":4623.76,"end":4624.5},{"text":"strengthen","start":4625.04,"end":4625.75},{"text":"legal","start":4625.78,"end":4626.21},{"text":"certainty","start":4626.21,"end":4626.94},{"text":"and","start":4627.3,"end":4627.43},{"text":"support","start":4627.45,"end":4628.01},{"text":"cooperation","start":4628.02,"end":4628.7},{"text":"between","start":4628.71,"end":4629.06},{"text":"states","start":4629.06,"end":4629.63}]},{"text":"Regarding the possible approaches to the work, we favour the intermediate approach under which the Commission could produce a set of general draft provisions on the principles of extraterritorial jurisdiction, combining a general framework with considerations of specific fields to be agreed upon during its substantive work.","start":4632.38,"end":4657.5,"topics":[{"key":"extraterritorial-jurisdiction","label":"Extraterritorial Jurisdiction","description":"Delegations considered further work on the grounds and limits of jurisdiction exercised beyond national territory. 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Several supported combining a general legal framework with sector-specific analysis to strengthen legal certainty, consistency, and cooperation between states."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":4659.18,"end":4659.38},{"text":"approach","start":4659.38,"end":4659.93},{"text":"would","start":4660.29,"end":4660.43},{"text":"support","start":4660.43,"end":4660.85},{"text":"would","start":4661.49,"end":4661.77},{"text":"support","start":4661.86,"end":4662.48},{"text":"coherency","start":4662.49,"end":4663.36},{"text":"consistency","start":4663.66,"end":4664.66},{"text":"and","start":4665,"end":4665.16},{"text":"predictability","start":4665.18,"end":4666.22},{"text":"while","start":4666.64,"end":4666.94},{"text":"allowing","start":4666.97,"end":4667.5},{"text":"the","start":4667.53,"end":4667.61},{"text":"commission","start":4667.62,"end":4668.08},{"text":"to","start":4668.11,"end":4668.3},{"text":"account","start":4668.39,"end":4668.94},{"text":"for","start":4668.98,"end":4669.47},{"text":"the","start":4669.49,"end":4669.62},{"text":"differences","start":4669.63,"end":4670.49},{"text":"in","start":4670.72,"end":4670.87},{"text":"sectoral","start":4671.78,"end":4672.34},{"text":"practice","start":4672.34,"end":4672.95},{"text":"this","start":4674.1,"end":4674.29},{"text":"approach","start":4674.29,"end":4674.75},{"text":"builds","start":4674.78,"end":4675.38},{"text":"on","start":4675.54,"end":4675.78},{"text":"the","start":4675.78,"end":4675.97},{"text":"2006","start":4675.97,"end":4677.13},{"text":"proposal","start":4677.26,"end":4677.89},{"text":"the","start":4679.13,"end":4679.26},{"text":"outline","start":4679.3,"end":4679.95},{"text":"presented","start":4679.96,"end":4680.72},{"text":"at","start":4680.93,"end":4681.09},{"text":"that","start":4681.14,"end":4681.35},{"text":"time","start":4681.35,"end":4681.86},{"text":"already","start":4681.9,"end":4682.27},{"text":"combined","start":4682.3,"end":4682.94},{"text":"general","start":4682.98,"end":4683.51},{"text":"principles","start":4683.54,"end":4684.37},{"text":"rules","start":4685.11,"end":4685.54},{"text":"on","start":4685.56,"end":4685.69},{"text":"the","start":4685.7,"end":4685.77},{"text":"exercise","start":4685.78,"end":4686.39},{"text":"of","start":4686.39,"end":4686.5},{"text":"jurisdiction","start":4686.5,"end":4687.3},{"text":"and","start":4687.3,"end":4687.6},{"text":"its","start":4687.61,"end":4687.84},{"text":"limitations","start":4687.85,"end":4688.59},{"text":"with","start":4689.22,"end":4689.34},{"text":"the","start":4689.37,"end":4689.45},{"text":"provisions","start":4689.45,"end":4690.38},{"text":"addressing","start":4690.42,"end":4691.13},{"text":"specific","start":4691.15,"end":4692.05},{"text":"fields","start":4692.07,"end":4692.58},{"text":"of","start":4692.59,"end":4692.76},{"text":"law","start":4692.78,"end":4693.01}]},{"text":"so in conclusion we support the continuing work on extraterritorial extraterritorial jurisdiction building on the 2006 proposal while keeping the project focused and manageable.","start":4694.86,"end":4707.69,"topics":[{"key":"extraterritorial-jurisdiction","label":"Extraterritorial Jurisdiction","description":"Delegations considered further work on the grounds and limits of jurisdiction exercised beyond national territory. Several supported combining a general legal framework with sector-specific analysis to strengthen legal certainty, consistency, and cooperation between states."}],"words":[{"text":"so","start":4694.86,"end":4695.25},{"text":"in","start":4695.3,"end":4695.45},{"text":"conclusion","start":4695.46,"end":4696.16},{"text":"we","start":4696.22,"end":4696.44},{"text":"support","start":4696.44,"end":4697.04},{"text":"the","start":4697.07,"end":4697.18},{"text":"continuing","start":4697.18,"end":4698.05},{"text":"work","start":4698.06,"end":4698.45},{"text":"on","start":4698.46,"end":4698.62},{"text":"extraterritorial","start":4698.62,"end":4699.59},{"text":"extraterritorial","start":4699.87,"end":4700.78},{"text":"jurisdiction","start":4700.8,"end":4701.51},{"text":"building","start":4701.79,"end":4702.34},{"text":"on","start":4702.36,"end":4702.53},{"text":"the","start":4702.54,"end":4702.62},{"text":"2006","start":4702.63,"end":4703.41},{"text":"proposal","start":4703.42,"end":4704.04},{"text":"while","start":4704.42,"end":4704.73},{"text":"keeping","start":4704.74,"end":4705.24},{"text":"the","start":4705.25,"end":4705.36},{"text":"project","start":4705.38,"end":4705.91},{"text":"focused","start":4705.94,"end":4706.58},{"text":"and","start":4706.7,"end":4706.92},{"text":"manageable","start":4707.09,"end":4707.69}]},{"text":"Thank you.","start":4708.39,"end":4708.77,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":4708.39,"end":4708.58},{"text":"you","start":4708.58,"end":4708.77}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"EST","group":null,"function":null,"affiliation_full":"Estonia"}},{"statement_number":22,"start":4710.3,"pageUrl":"/zh/ga/c6/81/30?lang=floor&t=1:18:31","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank the distinguished representative of Estonia for her statement and I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Croatia.","start":4710.3,"end":4717.51,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":4710.3,"end":4710.62},{"text":"the","start":4710.64,"end":4710.73},{"text":"distinguished","start":4710.74,"end":4711.37},{"text":"representative","start":4711.37,"end":4712.2},{"text":"of","start":4712.21,"end":4712.37},{"text":"Estonia","start":4712.39,"end":4713.1},{"text":"for","start":4713.12,"end":4713.38},{"text":"her","start":4713.38,"end":4713.54},{"text":"statement","start":4713.56,"end":4714.24},{"text":"and","start":4714.24,"end":4714.35},{"text":"I","start":4714.35,"end":4714.45},{"text":"give","start":4714.45,"end":4714.65},{"text":"the","start":4714.65,"end":4714.74},{"text":"floor","start":4714.74,"end":4715.07},{"text":"to","start":4715.07,"end":4715.21},{"text":"the","start":4715.21,"end":4715.3},{"text":"distinguished","start":4715.3,"end":4715.89},{"text":"representative","start":4715.9,"end":4716.66},{"text":"of","start":4716.66,"end":4716.85},{"text":"Croatia","start":4716.87,"end":4717.51}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"6th Committee","group":null,"function":"Chair","affiliation_full":"6th Committee"}},{"statement_number":23,"start":4722.38,"pageUrl":"/zh/ga/c6/81/30?lang=floor&t=1:18:43","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Madam president distinguished colleagues i will present a shortened version of the statement at the outset croatia would like to thank the chair of the international law commission.","start":4722.38,"end":4732.67,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":4722.38,"end":4722.41},{"text":"president","start":4722.41,"end":4722.41},{"text":"distinguished","start":4723.22,"end":4723.78},{"text":"colleagues","start":4723.79,"end":4724.34},{"text":"i","start":4724.97,"end":4725.05},{"text":"will","start":4725.05,"end":4725.2},{"text":"present","start":4725.21,"end":4725.69},{"text":"a","start":4725.69,"end":4725.71},{"text":"shortened","start":4725.74,"end":4726.19},{"text":"version","start":4726.19,"end":4726.58},{"text":"of","start":4726.58,"end":4726.71},{"text":"the","start":4726.72,"end":4726.78},{"text":"statement","start":4726.78,"end":4727.46},{"text":"at","start":4728.29,"end":4728.38},{"text":"the","start":4728.38,"end":4728.5},{"text":"outset","start":4728.55,"end":4729.14},{"text":"croatia","start":4729.22,"end":4729.77},{"text":"would","start":4729.78,"end":4729.98},{"text":"like","start":4729.99,"end":4730.22},{"text":"to","start":4730.26,"end":4730.34},{"text":"thank","start":4730.34,"end":4730.63},{"text":"the","start":4730.65,"end":4730.74},{"text":"chair","start":4730.74,"end":4731.09},{"text":"of","start":4731.14,"end":4731.26},{"text":"the","start":4731.27,"end":4731.34},{"text":"international","start":4731.34,"end":4731.91},{"text":"law","start":4731.94,"end":4732.1},{"text":"commission","start":4732.1,"end":4732.67}]},{"text":"Ms.. Andreas mavroyiannis for the comprehensive introduction of the report of the Commission we also extend our appreciation to all members of the Commission the special rapporteurs and secretariat for the dedicated work.","start":4733.13,"end":4746.67,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Ms.","start":4733.13,"end":4733.43},{"text":"Andreas","start":4733.46,"end":4733.97},{"text":"mavroyiannis","start":4733.98,"end":4734.7},{"text":"for","start":4734.71,"end":4734.9},{"text":"the","start":4734.9,"end":4734.98},{"text":"comprehensive","start":4734.98,"end":4735.77},{"text":"introduction","start":4735.77,"end":4736.43},{"text":"of","start":4736.43,"end":4736.58},{"text":"the","start":4736.58,"end":4736.67},{"text":"report","start":4736.67,"end":4737.22},{"text":"of","start":4737.22,"end":4737.32},{"text":"the","start":4737.32,"end":4737.4},{"text":"Commission","start":4737.4,"end":4737.9},{"text":"we","start":4738.73,"end":4738.86},{"text":"also","start":4738.86,"end":4739.15},{"text":"extend","start":4739.15,"end":4739.64},{"text":"our","start":4739.65,"end":4739.78},{"text":"appreciation","start":4739.78,"end":4740.67},{"text":"to","start":4740.7,"end":4740.86},{"text":"all","start":4740.86,"end":4741.13},{"text":"members","start":4741.14,"end":4741.65},{"text":"of","start":4741.65,"end":4741.75},{"text":"the","start":4741.76,"end":4741.83},{"text":"Commission","start":4741.83,"end":4742.34},{"text":"the","start":4742.36,"end":4742.46},{"text":"special","start":4742.46,"end":4742.94},{"text":"rapporteurs","start":4742.94,"end":4743.75},{"text":"and","start":4743.75,"end":4743.87},{"text":"secretariat","start":4743.87,"end":4744.69},{"text":"for","start":4745.22,"end":4745.41},{"text":"the","start":4745.42,"end":4745.55},{"text":"dedicated","start":4745.58,"end":4746.3},{"text":"work","start":4746.31,"end":4746.67}]},{"text":"Croatia reaffirms its support for the ILC.","start":4747.9,"end":4750.93,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Croatia","start":4747.9,"end":4748.41},{"text":"reaffirms","start":4748.49,"end":4749.24},{"text":"its","start":4749.25,"end":4749.34},{"text":"support","start":4749.34,"end":4749.86},{"text":"for","start":4749.86,"end":4750.07},{"text":"the","start":4750.08,"end":4750.22},{"text":"ILC","start":4750.26,"end":4750.93}]},{"text":"We attach great importance to the work of the ILC and its continued dialogue with the Sixth Committee.","start":4751.5,"end":4758.56,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":4751.5,"end":4751.63},{"text":"attach","start":4751.63,"end":4752.13},{"text":"great","start":4752.17,"end":4752.67},{"text":"importance","start":4752.74,"end":4753.43},{"text":"to","start":4753.45,"end":4753.6},{"text":"the","start":4753.6,"end":4753.7},{"text":"work","start":4753.7,"end":4753.98},{"text":"of","start":4753.98,"end":4754.11},{"text":"the","start":4754.11,"end":4754.2},{"text":"ILC","start":4754.21,"end":4754.79},{"text":"and","start":4755.29,"end":4755.62},{"text":"its","start":4756.08,"end":4756.3},{"text":"continued","start":4756.3,"end":4756.82},{"text":"dialogue","start":4756.92,"end":4757.48},{"text":"with","start":4757.5,"end":4757.6},{"text":"the","start":4757.6,"end":4757.7},{"text":"Sixth","start":4757.7,"end":4758.05},{"text":"Committee","start":4758.05,"end":4758.56}]},{"text":"beginning with the topic immunity of state officials from foreign criminal jurisdiction we would like to thank Mr. claudio grossman and the previous special rapporteurs who worked on this topic on their tremendous efforts in producing the reports that contributed to these draft articles.","start":4761.07,"end":4778.49,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. 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treaties or customer international law applied first, this follows from lex specialis, not from hierarchy.","start":4871.33,"end":4878.43,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"Where","start":4871.33,"end":4871.46},{"text":"treaties","start":4871.47,"end":4871.94},{"text":"or","start":4871.94,"end":4872.21},{"text":"customer","start":4872.21,"end":4872.73},{"text":"international","start":4872.73,"end":4873.33},{"text":"law","start":4873.37,"end":4873.54},{"text":"applied","start":4873.57,"end":4874.16},{"text":"first","start":4874.17,"end":4874.73},{"text":"this","start":4875.19,"end":4875.45},{"text":"follows","start":4875.49,"end":4875.7},{"text":"from","start":4875.84,"end":4876.06},{"text":"lex","start":4876.34,"end":4876.56},{"text":"specialis","start":4876.56,"end":4877.32},{"text":"not","start":4877.41,"end":4877.63},{"text":"from","start":4877.63,"end":4877.86},{"text":"hierarchy","start":4877.86,"end":4878.43}]},{"text":"Croatia takes note of the draft conclusions and will follow with interest their reception in future practice.","start":4879.53,"end":4886.48,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"Croatia","start":4879.53,"end":4880.02},{"text":"takes","start":4880.05,"end":4880.44},{"text":"note","start":4880.46,"end":4880.81},{"text":"of","start":4880.83,"end":4880.93},{"text":"the","start":4880.94,"end":4881.05},{"text":"draft","start":4881.06,"end":4881.43},{"text":"conclusions","start":4881.45,"end":4882.21},{"text":"and","start":4882.29,"end":4882.46},{"text":"will","start":4882.46,"end":4882.65},{"text":"follow","start":4882.66,"end":4883.08},{"text":"with","start":4883.13,"end":4883.34},{"text":"interest","start":4883.39,"end":4884.09},{"text":"their","start":4884.49,"end":4884.65},{"text":"reception","start":4884.65,"end":4885.3},{"text":"in","start":4885.33,"end":4885.45},{"text":"future","start":4885.45,"end":4885.84},{"text":"practice","start":4885.85,"end":4886.48}]},{"text":"With regard to the other decisions and conclusions of the Commission, Croatia welcomes the inclusion of the new topic identification and legal consequences of erga omnis obligations in international law.","start":4887.99,"end":4901.17,"topics":[{"key":"erga-omnes-obligations","label":"Erga Omnes Obligations","description":"Speakers discussed the identification and legal consequences of obligations owed to the international community as a whole. Issues included their distinction from peremptory norms, the invocation of state responsibility, and concerns about their use in politically motivated proceedings."}],"words":[{"text":"With","start":4887.99,"end":4888.15},{"text":"regard","start":4888.17,"end":4888.61},{"text":"to","start":4888.69,"end":4888.89},{"text":"the","start":4888.89,"end":4889.06},{"text":"other","start":4889.3,"end":4889.57},{"text":"decisions","start":4889.69,"end":4890.29},{"text":"and","start":4890.29,"end":4890.4},{"text":"conclusions","start":4890.41,"end":4891.19},{"text":"of","start":4891.27,"end":4891.38},{"text":"the","start":4891.38,"end":4891.46},{"text":"Commission","start":4891.47,"end":4892.07},{"text":"Croatia","start":4892.62,"end":4893.23},{"text":"welcomes","start":4893.57,"end":4894.08},{"text":"the","start":4894.09,"end":4894.17},{"text":"inclusion","start":4894.17,"end":4894.79},{"text":"of","start":4894.89,"end":4895.01},{"text":"the","start":4895.01,"end":4895.11},{"text":"new","start":4895.11,"end":4895.32},{"text":"topic","start":4895.34,"end":4895.84},{"text":"identification","start":4895.91,"end":4896.91},{"text":"and","start":4896.93,"end":4897.1},{"text":"legal","start":4897.1,"end":4897.5},{"text":"consequences","start":4897.52,"end":4898.3},{"text":"of","start":4898.35,"end":4898.49},{"text":"erga","start":4898.53,"end":4898.85},{"text":"omnis","start":4898.88,"end":4899.25},{"text":"obligations","start":4899.26,"end":4900.1},{"text":"in","start":4900.1,"end":4900.25},{"text":"international","start":4900.25,"end":4900.93},{"text":"law","start":4900.97,"end":4901.17}]},{"text":"into the Commission's programme of work.","start":4901.78,"end":4903.81,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"into","start":4901.78,"end":4902.04},{"text":"the","start":4902.05,"end":4902.16},{"text":"Commission's","start":4902.17,"end":4902.69},{"text":"programme","start":4902.71,"end":4903.21},{"text":"of","start":4903.25,"end":4903.41},{"text":"work","start":4903.42,"end":4903.81}]},{"text":"Croatia takes note of the inclusion of the new topic The right to regulate international investment law in the long term programme of work.","start":4905.05,"end":4912.65,"topics":[{"key":"investment-regulatory-right","label":"The Right to Regulate in International Investment Law","description":"Speakers addressed the proposed study of states' right to regulate in international investment law. Discussion included the scope and timing of the work, developing-country interests, and coordination with ongoing investment-law reform discussions in UNCITRAL."}],"words":[{"text":"Croatia","start":4905.05,"end":4905.49},{"text":"takes","start":4905.49,"end":4905.85},{"text":"note","start":4905.86,"end":4906.21},{"text":"of","start":4906.22,"end":4906.34},{"text":"the","start":4906.37,"end":4906.45},{"text":"inclusion","start":4906.45,"end":4907.04},{"text":"of","start":4907.09,"end":4907.19},{"text":"the","start":4907.2,"end":4907.28},{"text":"new","start":4907.29,"end":4907.45},{"text":"topic","start":4907.46,"end":4907.98},{"text":"The","start":4908.01,"end":4908.13},{"text":"right","start":4908.13,"end":4908.41},{"text":"to","start":4908.41,"end":4908.5},{"text":"regulate","start":4908.53,"end":4909.11},{"text":"international","start":4909.13,"end":4910.01},{"text":"investment","start":4910.04,"end":4910.58},{"text":"law","start":4910.58,"end":4910.92},{"text":"in","start":4910.97,"end":4911.1},{"text":"the","start":4911.1,"end":4911.17},{"text":"long","start":4911.17,"end":4911.46},{"text":"term","start":4911.46,"end":4911.75},{"text":"programme","start":4911.75,"end":4912.17},{"text":"of","start":4912.18,"end":4912.21},{"text":"work","start":4912.28,"end":4912.65}]},{"text":"With regard to this new topic, Croatia recommends that its substantive consideration be deferred to a later stage, especially since the complex issues surrounding international investment law are currently being actively addressed and debated within UNCITRA.","start":4913.39,"end":4928.61,"topics":[{"key":"investment-regulatory-right","label":"The Right to Regulate in International Investment Law","description":"Speakers addressed the proposed study of states' right to regulate in international investment law. Discussion included the scope and timing of the work, developing-country interests, and coordination with ongoing investment-law reform discussions in UNCITRAL."}],"words":[{"text":"With","start":4913.39,"end":4913.55},{"text":"regard","start":4913.56,"end":4913.93},{"text":"to","start":4913.94,"end":4914.07},{"text":"this","start":4914.07,"end":4914.32},{"text":"new","start":4914.33,"end":4914.45},{"text":"topic","start":4914.47,"end":4915.02},{"text":"Croatia","start":4915.03,"end":4915.42},{"text":"recommends","start":4915.45,"end":4915.99},{"text":"that","start":4916.01,"end":4916.16},{"text":"its","start":4916.16,"end":4916.29},{"text":"substantive","start":4916.29,"end":4917.03},{"text":"consideration","start":4917.04,"end":4917.91},{"text":"be","start":4917.91,"end":4918.05},{"text":"deferred","start":4918.06,"end":4918.65},{"text":"to","start":4918.66,"end":4918.82},{"text":"a","start":4918.82,"end":4918.86},{"text":"later","start":4918.86,"end":4919.17},{"text":"stage","start":4919.17,"end":4919.7},{"text":"especially","start":4920.2,"end":4920.74},{"text":"since","start":4920.75,"end":4921.07},{"text":"the","start":4921.09,"end":4921.16},{"text":"complex","start":4921.18,"end":4921.63},{"text":"issues","start":4921.73,"end":4922.05},{"text":"surrounding","start":4922.05,"end":4922.57},{"text":"international","start":4922.6,"end":4923.13},{"text":"investment","start":4923.13,"end":4923.79},{"text":"law","start":4923.83,"end":4924.13},{"text":"are","start":4924.95,"end":4925.07},{"text":"currently","start":4925.07,"end":4925.53},{"text":"being","start":4925.53,"end":4925.89},{"text":"actively","start":4926.09,"end":4926.64},{"text":"addressed","start":4926.69,"end":4927.16},{"text":"and","start":4927.17,"end":4927.25},{"text":"debated","start":4927.25,"end":4927.68},{"text":"within","start":4927.69,"end":4928.01},{"text":"UNCITRA","start":4928.05,"end":4928.61}]},{"text":"Finally, the topic of sea level rise in relation to international law remains one of the most pressing and multifaced issues of the international community.","start":4929.97,"end":4940.07,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"Finally","start":4929.97,"end":4930.51},{"text":"the","start":4930.63,"end":4930.78},{"text":"topic","start":4930.78,"end":4931.14},{"text":"of","start":4931.15,"end":4931.25},{"text":"sea","start":4931.25,"end":4931.45},{"text":"level","start":4931.47,"end":4931.73},{"text":"rise","start":4931.73,"end":4932.27},{"text":"in","start":4932.29,"end":4932.42},{"text":"relation","start":4932.42,"end":4932.92},{"text":"to","start":4932.93,"end":4933.07},{"text":"international","start":4933.07,"end":4933.69},{"text":"law","start":4933.71,"end":4933.97},{"text":"remains","start":4934.39,"end":4935.21},{"text":"one","start":4935.43,"end":4935.63},{"text":"of","start":4935.63,"end":4935.77},{"text":"the","start":4935.77,"end":4935.88},{"text":"most","start":4935.88,"end":4936.31},{"text":"pressing","start":4936.31,"end":4936.91},{"text":"and","start":4937.01,"end":4937.14},{"text":"multifaced","start":4937.17,"end":4938.08},{"text":"issues","start":4938.09,"end":4938.6},{"text":"of","start":4938.63,"end":4938.75},{"text":"the","start":4938.77,"end":4938.84},{"text":"international","start":4938.85,"end":4939.42},{"text":"community","start":4939.42,"end":4940.07}]},{"text":"We therefore think it is important to keep this topic alive in various multilateral fora including the UN General Assembly.","start":4941.04,"end":4949.01,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":4941.04,"end":4941.14},{"text":"therefore","start":4941.14,"end":4941.57},{"text":"think","start":4941.57,"end":4942.13},{"text":"it","start":4942.15,"end":4942.3},{"text":"is","start":4942.3,"end":4942.41},{"text":"important","start":4942.42,"end":4943.03},{"text":"to","start":4943.03,"end":4943.17},{"text":"keep","start":4943.17,"end":4943.46},{"text":"this","start":4943.49,"end":4943.68},{"text":"topic","start":4943.68,"end":4944.05},{"text":"alive","start":4944.17,"end":4944.46},{"text":"in","start":4944.46,"end":4944.57},{"text":"various","start":4944.59,"end":4945.02},{"text":"multilateral","start":4945.03,"end":4945.77},{"text":"fora","start":4945.81,"end":4946.25},{"text":"including","start":4946.67,"end":4947.26},{"text":"the","start":4947.27,"end":4947.45},{"text":"UN","start":4947.45,"end":4947.98},{"text":"General","start":4947.99,"end":4948.42},{"text":"Assembly","start":4948.43,"end":4949.01}]},{"text":"In relation to the subtopic of protection of persons affected by sea level rise, it is necessary to remain conscious of the dangers that steam from sea level rise consequences.","start":4951.1,"end":4963.12,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. 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thank you for your attention.","start":5034.42,"end":5035.88,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":5034.42,"end":5034.49},{"text":"thank","start":5034.49,"end":5034.85},{"text":"you","start":5034.85,"end":5034.94},{"text":"for","start":5034.94,"end":5035.13},{"text":"your","start":5035.13,"end":5035.26},{"text":"attention","start":5035.26,"end":5035.88}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"HRV","group":null,"function":null,"affiliation_full":"Croatia"}},{"statement_number":24,"start":5037.44,"pageUrl":"/zh/ga/c6/81/30?lang=floor&t=1:23:58","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank the distinguished representative of Croatia for her statement and I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Indonesia you have the 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welcome the progress achieved during its 77 session, including the completion of its work on state official immunity and general principles of law.","start":5066.64,"end":5075.8,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."},{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":5066.64,"end":5066.76},{"text":"welcome","start":5066.77,"end":5067.14},{"text":"the","start":5067.14,"end":5067.21},{"text":"progress","start":5067.21,"end":5067.6},{"text":"achieved","start":5067.61,"end":5067.97},{"text":"during","start":5068,"end":5068.28},{"text":"its","start":5068.31,"end":5068.5},{"text":"77","start":5068.5,"end":5069.14},{"text":"session","start":5069.14,"end":5069.61},{"text":"including","start":5069.8,"end":5070.31},{"text":"the","start":5070.32,"end":5070.38},{"text":"completion","start":5070.4,"end":5071.01},{"text":"of","start":5071.18,"end":5071.35},{"text":"its","start":5071.36,"end":5071.55},{"text":"work","start":5071.55,"end":5071.96},{"text":"on","start":5072.2,"end":5072.33},{"text":"state","start":5072.33,"end":5072.71},{"text":"official","start":5072.72,"end":5073.15},{"text":"immunity","start":5073.16,"end":5073.76},{"text":"and","start":5074.32,"end":5074.49},{"text":"general","start":5074.52,"end":5074.8},{"text":"principles","start":5074.8,"end":5075.39},{"text":"of","start":5075.39,"end":5075.54},{"text":"law","start":5075.55,"end":5075.8}]},{"text":"For Indonesia, the strength of international law must not stop in the development of new rules.","start":5077.04,"end":5081.52,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"For","start":5077.04,"end":5077.2},{"text":"Indonesia","start":5077.2,"end":5077.72},{"text":"the","start":5077.72,"end":5077.83},{"text":"strength","start":5077.84,"end":5078.25},{"text":"of","start":5078.25,"end":5078.37},{"text":"international","start":5078.37,"end":5078.81},{"text":"law","start":5078.81,"end":5079.01},{"text":"must","start":5079.01,"end":5079.27},{"text":"not","start":5079.27,"end":5079.44},{"text":"stop","start":5079.44,"end":5079.8},{"text":"in","start":5080.04,"end":5080.17},{"text":"the","start":5080.17,"end":5080.24},{"text":"development","start":5080.25,"end":5080.69},{"text":"of","start":5080.69,"end":5080.83},{"text":"new","start":5080.84,"end":5081.07},{"text":"rules","start":5081.07,"end":5081.52}]},{"text":"It needs to be manifested in their consistent application, universal legitimacy, and respect for the sovereign equality of states, particularly amid growing global challenges.","start":5082.28,"end":5092.3,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"It","start":5082.28,"end":5082.4},{"text":"needs","start":5082.44,"end":5082.61},{"text":"to","start":5082.64,"end":5082.73},{"text":"be","start":5082.73,"end":5082.84},{"text":"manifested","start":5082.84,"end":5083.57},{"text":"in","start":5083.57,"end":5083.71},{"text":"their","start":5083.73,"end":5083.85},{"text":"consistent","start":5083.86,"end":5084.38},{"text":"application","start":5084.39,"end":5085.07},{"text":"universal","start":5085.36,"end":5085.98},{"text":"legitimacy","start":5086,"end":5086.81},{"text":"and","start":5087.33,"end":5087.5},{"text":"respect","start":5087.5,"end":5087.84},{"text":"for","start":5087.84,"end":5087.98},{"text":"the","start":5088,"end":5088.08},{"text":"sovereign","start":5088.08,"end":5088.49},{"text":"equality","start":5088.49,"end":5088.9},{"text":"of","start":5088.9,"end":5089},{"text":"states","start":5089,"end":5089.55},{"text":"particularly","start":5090.08,"end":5090.75},{"text":"amid","start":5090.75,"end":5090.96},{"text":"growing","start":5090.97,"end":5091.38},{"text":"global","start":5091.4,"end":5091.68},{"text":"challenges","start":5091.71,"end":5092.3}]},{"text":"Allow me to address three substantive issues followed by some observations on the commission work.","start":5093.43,"end":5097.93,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Allow","start":5093.43,"end":5093.6},{"text":"me","start":5093.6,"end":5093.72},{"text":"to","start":5093.72,"end":5093.84},{"text":"address","start":5093.84,"end":5094.19},{"text":"three","start":5094.2,"end":5094.37},{"text":"substantive","start":5094.39,"end":5094.95},{"text":"issues","start":5094.95,"end":5095.41},{"text":"followed","start":5095.42,"end":5095.72},{"text":"by","start":5095.76,"end":5095.88},{"text":"some","start":5095.89,"end":5096.16},{"text":"observations","start":5096.17,"end":5096.17},{"text":"on","start":5096.89,"end":5097.01},{"text":"the","start":5097.01,"end":5097.08},{"text":"commission","start":5097.08,"end":5097.52},{"text":"work","start":5097.53,"end":5097.93}]},{"text":"First, on sea level rise in relations to international law.","start":5099.04,"end":5102.36,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"First","start":5099.04,"end":5099.3},{"text":"on","start":5099.32,"end":5099.48},{"text":"sea","start":5099.48,"end":5099.76},{"text":"level","start":5099.77,"end":5100.06},{"text":"rise","start":5100.06,"end":5100.53},{"text":"in","start":5100.56,"end":5100.71},{"text":"relations","start":5100.72,"end":5101.43},{"text":"to","start":5101.44,"end":5101.65},{"text":"international","start":5101.65,"end":5102.16},{"text":"law","start":5102.16,"end":5102.36}]},{"text":"Indonesia applauds the adoption of the UN Declaration on sea level rise through resolution A 81 L3 couple of weeks ago.","start":5103.4,"end":5110.9,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"Indonesia","start":5103.4,"end":5103.76},{"text":"applauds","start":5103.76,"end":5104.26},{"text":"the","start":5104.28,"end":5104.4},{"text":"adoption","start":5104.4,"end":5104.95},{"text":"of","start":5105,"end":5105.16},{"text":"the","start":5105.18,"end":5105.32},{"text":"UN","start":5105.32,"end":5105.61},{"text":"Declaration","start":5105.61,"end":5106.33},{"text":"on","start":5106.41,"end":5106.6},{"text":"sea","start":5106.6,"end":5106.81},{"text":"level","start":5106.84,"end":5107.11},{"text":"rise","start":5107.12,"end":5107.48},{"text":"through","start":5107.52,"end":5107.68},{"text":"resolution","start":5107.68,"end":5108.26},{"text":"A","start":5108.27,"end":5108.65},{"text":"81","start":5109.24,"end":5109.24},{"text":"L3","start":5109.28,"end":5109.71},{"text":"couple","start":5109.8,"end":5110.16},{"text":"of","start":5110.16,"end":5110.24},{"text":"weeks","start":5110.36,"end":5110.65},{"text":"ago","start":5110.65,"end":5110.9}]},{"text":"We also commend the completion of the commission's study group and its comprehensive examination of the interrelated questions of the law of the sea, statehood and protection of persons affected by sea level rise.","start":5111.88,"end":5125.41,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":5111.88,"end":5112},{"text":"also","start":5112,"end":5112.21},{"text":"commend","start":5112.21,"end":5112.64},{"text":"the","start":5112.76,"end":5112.88},{"text":"completion","start":5112.88,"end":5113.52},{"text":"of","start":5113.84,"end":5113.97},{"text":"the","start":5113.97,"end":5114.04},{"text":"commission's","start":5114.04,"end":5114.49},{"text":"study","start":5114.49,"end":5114.8},{"text":"group","start":5114.8,"end":5115.08},{"text":"and","start":5115.73,"end":5115.88},{"text":"its","start":5115.88,"end":5116.02},{"text":"comprehensive","start":5116.03,"end":5116.89},{"text":"examination","start":5117.21,"end":5117.93},{"text":"of","start":5117.93,"end":5118.1},{"text":"the","start":5118.12,"end":5118.19},{"text":"interrelated","start":5118.2,"end":5118.76},{"text":"questions","start":5118.8,"end":5119.31},{"text":"of","start":5119.32,"end":5119.46},{"text":"the","start":5119.48,"end":5119.57},{"text":"law","start":5119.6,"end":5119.84},{"text":"of","start":5119.84,"end":5119.98},{"text":"the","start":5120,"end":5120.08},{"text":"sea","start":5120.08,"end":5120.39},{"text":"statehood","start":5121.04,"end":5121.64},{"text":"and","start":5122,"end":5122.13},{"text":"protection","start":5122.13,"end":5122.71},{"text":"of","start":5122.8,"end":5123},{"text":"persons","start":5123.37,"end":5123.92},{"text":"affected","start":5123.93,"end":5124.38},{"text":"by","start":5124.42,"end":5124.57},{"text":"sea","start":5124.6,"end":5124.8},{"text":"level","start":5124.8,"end":5125.07},{"text":"rise","start":5125.07,"end":5125.41}]},{"text":"As underscored by our foreign minister last September, sea level rise must not create legal uncertainty.","start":5127.45,"end":5132.89,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":5127.45,"end":5127.6},{"text":"underscored","start":5127.6,"end":5128.12},{"text":"by","start":5128.12,"end":5128.29},{"text":"our","start":5128.32,"end":5128.52},{"text":"foreign","start":5128.53,"end":5128.8},{"text":"minister","start":5128.83,"end":5129.16},{"text":"last","start":5129.16,"end":5129.32},{"text":"September","start":5129.39,"end":5129.92},{"text":"sea","start":5129.96,"end":5130.28},{"text":"level","start":5130.3,"end":5130.58},{"text":"rise","start":5130.58,"end":5130.96},{"text":"must","start":5130.98,"end":5131.22},{"text":"not","start":5131.23,"end":5131.37},{"text":"create","start":5131.41,"end":5131.83},{"text":"legal","start":5131.83,"end":5132.17},{"text":"uncertainty","start":5132.2,"end":5132.89}]},{"text":"Unclass 1982 remains the fundamental legal framework governing the oceans including sea level rise hence changes caused by the sea level rise should not diminish lawfully established baselines maritime entitlements, and outer limits.","start":5133.68,"end":5149.74,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"Unclass","start":5133.68,"end":5134.18},{"text":"1982","start":5134.61,"end":5135.23},{"text":"remains","start":5135.24,"end":5135.71},{"text":"the","start":5135.72,"end":5135.83},{"text":"fundamental","start":5135.83,"end":5136.33},{"text":"legal","start":5136.44,"end":5136.68},{"text":"framework","start":5136.76,"end":5137.29},{"text":"governing","start":5137.84,"end":5138.32},{"text":"the","start":5138.34,"end":5138.44},{"text":"oceans","start":5138.44,"end":5139.07},{"text":"including","start":5139.16,"end":5139.66},{"text":"sea","start":5139.66,"end":5139.86},{"text":"level","start":5139.86,"end":5140.14},{"text":"rise","start":5140.16,"end":5140.52},{"text":"hence","start":5141.32,"end":5141.7},{"text":"changes","start":5141.76,"end":5142.34},{"text":"caused","start":5142.35,"end":5142.8},{"text":"by","start":5142.88,"end":5143.1},{"text":"the","start":5143.12,"end":5143.24},{"text":"sea","start":5143.24,"end":5143.44},{"text":"level","start":5143.45,"end":5143.7},{"text":"rise","start":5143.71,"end":5144.08},{"text":"should","start":5144.12,"end":5144.39},{"text":"not","start":5144.41,"end":5144.56},{"text":"diminish","start":5144.56,"end":5145},{"text":"lawfully","start":5145.03,"end":5145.56},{"text":"established","start":5145.6,"end":5146.08},{"text":"baselines","start":5146.1,"end":5146.84},{"text":"maritime","start":5147.39,"end":5147.82},{"text":"entitlements","start":5147.84,"end":5148.71},{"text":"and","start":5148.79,"end":5148.97},{"text":"outer","start":5148.99,"end":5149.27},{"text":"limits","start":5149.27,"end":5149.74}]},{"text":"Building on the continued development of of deliberations on this issue which will further address protection of persons affected by sea level rise, my delegation wishes to emphasize the following considerations Human dignity and the protection of affected communities must remain at the heart of our legal response.","start":5151.47,"end":5170.07,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"Building","start":5151.47,"end":5151.75},{"text":"on","start":5151.77,"end":5151.87},{"text":"the","start":5151.87,"end":5151.93},{"text":"continued","start":5151.93,"end":5152.34},{"text":"development","start":5152.34,"end":5152.8},{"text":"of","start":5152.82,"end":5153.21},{"text":"of","start":5153.21,"end":5153.35},{"text":"deliberations","start":5153.35,"end":5154.03},{"text":"on","start":5154.03,"end":5154.16},{"text":"this","start":5154.18,"end":5154.33},{"text":"issue","start":5154.33,"end":5154.78},{"text":"which","start":5154.91,"end":5155.17},{"text":"will","start":5155.23,"end":5155.43},{"text":"further","start":5155.43,"end":5155.79},{"text":"address","start":5155.81,"end":5156.23},{"text":"protection","start":5156.23,"end":5156.84},{"text":"of","start":5156.84,"end":5156.96},{"text":"persons","start":5157.03,"end":5157.6},{"text":"affected","start":5158.03,"end":5158.51},{"text":"by","start":5158.55,"end":5158.71},{"text":"sea","start":5158.71,"end":5158.93},{"text":"level","start":5158.93,"end":5159.21},{"text":"rise","start":5159.23,"end":5159.61},{"text":"my","start":5160.11,"end":5160.29},{"text":"delegation","start":5160.3,"end":5160.8},{"text":"wishes","start":5160.83,"end":5161.15},{"text":"to","start":5161.15,"end":5161.24},{"text":"emphasize","start":5161.27,"end":5161.68},{"text":"the","start":5161.75,"end":5161.83},{"text":"following","start":5161.83,"end":5162.24},{"text":"considerations","start":5162.26,"end":5163.47},{"text":"Human","start":5164.49,"end":5164.75},{"text":"dignity","start":5164.75,"end":5165.22},{"text":"and","start":5165.23,"end":5165.34},{"text":"the","start":5165.34,"end":5165.4},{"text":"protection","start":5165.4,"end":5165.93},{"text":"of","start":5165.95,"end":5166.09},{"text":"affected","start":5166.1,"end":5166.52},{"text":"communities","start":5166.53,"end":5167.27},{"text":"must","start":5167.27,"end":5167.51},{"text":"remain","start":5167.51,"end":5167.86},{"text":"at","start":5167.87,"end":5168.07},{"text":"the","start":5168.08,"end":5168.16},{"text":"heart","start":5168.17,"end":5168.55},{"text":"of","start":5168.67,"end":5168.84},{"text":"our","start":5168.87,"end":5169.13},{"text":"legal","start":5169.13,"end":5169.43},{"text":"response","start":5169.44,"end":5170.07}]},{"text":"Behind every threatened coastline are people whose homes livelihoods, culture, and fundamental rights are at risk.","start":5171,"end":5178.63,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"Behind","start":5171,"end":5171.45},{"text":"every","start":5171.47,"end":5171.72},{"text":"threatened","start":5171.75,"end":5172.17},{"text":"coastline","start":5172.19,"end":5172.78},{"text":"are","start":5172.91,"end":5173.09},{"text":"people","start":5173.09,"end":5173.68},{"text":"whose","start":5173.75,"end":5174.03},{"text":"homes","start":5174.04,"end":5174.54},{"text":"livelihoods","start":5174.93,"end":5175.7},{"text":"culture","start":5176.15,"end":5176.71},{"text":"and","start":5176.8,"end":5177.02},{"text":"fundamental","start":5177.03,"end":5177.52},{"text":"rights","start":5177.52,"end":5177.87},{"text":"are","start":5177.93,"end":5178.07},{"text":"at","start":5178.07,"end":5178.07},{"text":"risk","start":5178.07,"end":5178.63}]},{"text":"Indonesia underscores that states bear primary responsibility to protect persons within their jurisdiction, complemented by international cooperation, international cooperation, particularly where national capacities are limited.","start":5179.94,"end":5191.03,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"Indonesia","start":5179.94,"end":5180.19},{"text":"underscores","start":5180.19,"end":5180.67},{"text":"that","start":5180.68,"end":5180.83},{"text":"states","start":5180.83,"end":5181.2},{"text":"bear","start":5181.2,"end":5181.49},{"text":"primary","start":5181.51,"end":5181.94},{"text":"responsibility","start":5181.95,"end":5182.68},{"text":"to","start":5182.68,"end":5182.83},{"text":"protect","start":5182.83,"end":5183.23},{"text":"persons","start":5183.27,"end":5183.83},{"text":"within","start":5184.03,"end":5184.35},{"text":"their","start":5184.35,"end":5184.51},{"text":"jurisdiction","start":5184.51,"end":5185.19},{"text":"complemented","start":5186.08,"end":5186.7},{"text":"by","start":5186.71,"end":5186.87},{"text":"international","start":5186.89,"end":5187.38},{"text":"cooperation","start":5187.38,"end":5187.38},{"text":"international","start":5187.38,"end":5187.39},{"text":"cooperation","start":5187.39,"end":5188.01},{"text":"particularly","start":5188.39,"end":5189.05},{"text":"where","start":5189.05,"end":5189.31},{"text":"national","start":5189.31,"end":5189.65},{"text":"capacities","start":5189.65,"end":5190.39},{"text":"are","start":5190.47,"end":5190.59},{"text":"limited","start":5190.61,"end":5191.03}]},{"text":"In this regard, Indonesia calls for a stronger international cooperation on climate finance, technology transfer and capacity building consistent with the UN trip UNF CCC and Paris agreement.","start":5192.18,"end":5204.2,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":5192.18,"end":5192.29},{"text":"this","start":5192.31,"end":5192.49},{"text":"regard","start":5192.49,"end":5192.86},{"text":"Indonesia","start":5192.87,"end":5193.31},{"text":"calls","start":5193.33,"end":5193.69},{"text":"for","start":5193.69,"end":5193.85},{"text":"a","start":5193.87,"end":5193.95},{"text":"stronger","start":5193.95,"end":5194.43},{"text":"international","start":5194.43,"end":5195.03},{"text":"cooperation","start":5195.03,"end":5195.68},{"text":"on","start":5195.73,"end":5195.87},{"text":"climate","start":5195.88,"end":5196.31},{"text":"finance","start":5196.31,"end":5196.87},{"text":"technology","start":5197.39,"end":5197.91},{"text":"transfer","start":5197.91,"end":5198.34},{"text":"and","start":5198.36,"end":5198.53},{"text":"capacity","start":5198.55,"end":5199.07},{"text":"building","start":5199.07,"end":5199.45},{"text":"consistent","start":5199.95,"end":5200.49},{"text":"with","start":5200.5,"end":5200.67},{"text":"the","start":5200.67,"end":5200.78},{"text":"UN","start":5200.79,"end":5201.07},{"text":"trip","start":5201.07,"end":5201.31},{"text":"UNF","start":5201.55,"end":5202.16},{"text":"CCC","start":5202.19,"end":5202.86},{"text":"and","start":5203.23,"end":5203.39},{"text":"Paris","start":5203.4,"end":5203.75},{"text":"agreement","start":5203.75,"end":5204.2}]},{"text":"Second, on immunity of state officials, Indonesia acknowledged the commission's completion of the second reading of the draft articles and appreciates the sustained efforts of the special rapporteurs and members of the commission.","start":5206.15,"end":5218.99,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Second","start":5206.15,"end":5206.53},{"text":"on","start":5206.55,"end":5206.71},{"text":"immunity","start":5206.72,"end":5207.24},{"text":"of","start":5207.24,"end":5207.34},{"text":"state","start":5207.39,"end":5207.39},{"text":"officials","start":5207.72,"end":5208.39},{"text":"Indonesia","start":5209.29,"end":5209.58},{"text":"acknowledged","start":5209.59,"end":5210.19},{"text":"the","start":5210.22,"end":5210.32},{"text":"commission's","start":5210.32,"end":5210.83},{"text":"completion","start":5210.83,"end":5211.37},{"text":"of","start":5211.55,"end":5211.71},{"text":"the","start":5211.73,"end":5211.81},{"text":"second","start":5211.82,"end":5212.17},{"text":"reading","start":5212.19,"end":5212.51},{"text":"of","start":5212.53,"end":5212.66},{"text":"the","start":5212.67,"end":5212.75},{"text":"draft","start":5212.75,"end":5213.03},{"text":"articles","start":5213.05,"end":5213.64},{"text":"and","start":5214.19,"end":5214.34},{"text":"appreciates","start":5214.37,"end":5214.95},{"text":"the","start":5214.96,"end":5215.06},{"text":"sustained","start":5215.06,"end":5215.55},{"text":"efforts","start":5215.59,"end":5216.07},{"text":"of","start":5216.13,"end":5216.28},{"text":"the","start":5216.28,"end":5216.37},{"text":"special","start":5216.38,"end":5216.76},{"text":"rapporteurs","start":5216.8,"end":5217.58},{"text":"and","start":5217.61,"end":5217.79},{"text":"members","start":5217.79,"end":5218.28},{"text":"of","start":5218.34,"end":5218.46},{"text":"the","start":5218.47,"end":5218.54},{"text":"commission","start":5218.55,"end":5218.99}]},{"text":"This critical issue requires a careful balance between combating impunity for the gravest international crimes and respecting the sovereign equality of states.","start":5220.08,"end":5229.15,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":5220.08,"end":5220.32},{"text":"critical","start":5220.33,"end":5220.71},{"text":"issue","start":5220.71,"end":5220.99},{"text":"requires","start":5221,"end":5221.5},{"text":"a","start":5221.51,"end":5221.56},{"text":"careful","start":5221.56,"end":5222.01},{"text":"balance","start":5222.01,"end":5222.44},{"text":"between","start":5222.44,"end":5222.79},{"text":"combating","start":5222.79,"end":5223.37},{"text":"impunity","start":5223.4,"end":5224.03},{"text":"for","start":5224.43,"end":5224.6},{"text":"the","start":5224.64,"end":5224.71},{"text":"gravest","start":5224.72,"end":5225.27},{"text":"international","start":5225.28,"end":5225.83},{"text":"crimes","start":5225.84,"end":5226.34},{"text":"and","start":5226.73,"end":5226.87},{"text":"respecting","start":5226.87,"end":5227.53},{"text":"the","start":5227.56,"end":5227.63},{"text":"sovereign","start":5227.64,"end":5228.09},{"text":"equality","start":5228.09,"end":5228.55},{"text":"of","start":5228.55,"end":5228.63},{"text":"states","start":5228.63,"end":5229.15}]},{"text":"Indonesia reaffirms that immunity is not intended to justify impunity.","start":5230.23,"end":5234.7,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Indonesia","start":5230.23,"end":5230.64},{"text":"reaffirms","start":5230.64,"end":5231.2},{"text":"that","start":5231.23,"end":5231.39},{"text":"immunity","start":5231.47,"end":5232.05},{"text":"is","start":5232.05,"end":5232.19},{"text":"not","start":5232.2,"end":5232.43},{"text":"intended","start":5232.43,"end":5232.95},{"text":"to","start":5233.27,"end":5233.37},{"text":"justify","start":5233.39,"end":5234},{"text":"impunity","start":5234.03,"end":5234.7}]},{"text":"At the same time, immunity constitutes an important safeguard for effective sovereign state functions and the stability of international relations.","start":5235.37,"end":5244.3,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"At","start":5235.37,"end":5235.49},{"text":"the","start":5235.49,"end":5235.57},{"text":"same","start":5235.58,"end":5235.85},{"text":"time","start":5235.87,"end":5236.19},{"text":"immunity","start":5236.35,"end":5236.87},{"text":"constitutes","start":5236.87,"end":5237.58},{"text":"an","start":5237.91,"end":5238.01},{"text":"important","start":5238.04,"end":5238.51},{"text":"safeguard","start":5238.51,"end":5239.03},{"text":"for","start":5239.52,"end":5239.7},{"text":"effective","start":5239.71,"end":5240.23},{"text":"sovereign","start":5240.24,"end":5240.59},{"text":"state","start":5240.59,"end":5240.87},{"text":"functions","start":5240.91,"end":5241.51},{"text":"and","start":5241.95,"end":5242.11},{"text":"the","start":5242.11,"end":5242.19},{"text":"stability","start":5242.19,"end":5242.75},{"text":"of","start":5242.79,"end":5242.92},{"text":"international","start":5242.92,"end":5243.66},{"text":"relations","start":5243.67,"end":5244.3}]},{"text":"In this regard, we underline that distinctions between immunity rationale personae and immunity rationale materie must be preserved, their respective legal foundations, scope, and consequences cannot be treated interchangeably.","start":5245.43,"end":5259.44,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":5245.43,"end":5245.5},{"text":"this","start":5245.5,"end":5245.66},{"text":"regard","start":5245.66,"end":5246.04},{"text":"we","start":5246.07,"end":5246.18},{"text":"underline","start":5246.19,"end":5246.69},{"text":"that","start":5246.71,"end":5246.82},{"text":"distinctions","start":5246.82,"end":5247.5},{"text":"between","start":5247.56,"end":5247.89},{"text":"immunity","start":5248.5,"end":5248.5},{"text":"rationale","start":5248.5,"end":5249.09},{"text":"personae","start":5249.11,"end":5249.71},{"text":"and","start":5250.29,"end":5250.46},{"text":"immunity","start":5250.47,"end":5251.04},{"text":"rationale","start":5251.05,"end":5251.48},{"text":"materie","start":5252.07,"end":5252.08},{"text":"must","start":5252.08,"end":5252.35},{"text":"be","start":5252.35,"end":5252.51},{"text":"preserved","start":5252.52,"end":5253.07},{"text":"their","start":5253.83,"end":5253.97},{"text":"respective","start":5253.99,"end":5254.38},{"text":"legal","start":5254.38,"end":5254.8},{"text":"foundations","start":5254.81,"end":5255.47},{"text":"scope","start":5255.71,"end":5256.21},{"text":"and","start":5256.23,"end":5256.37},{"text":"consequences","start":5256.39,"end":5257.23},{"text":"cannot","start":5257.63,"end":5257.91},{"text":"be","start":5257.94,"end":5258.04},{"text":"treated","start":5258.04,"end":5258.53},{"text":"interchangeably","start":5258.55,"end":5259.44}]},{"text":"Equally important limitations and exceptions to immunity must be firmly grounded in international law.","start":5260.69,"end":5266.59,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Equally","start":5260.69,"end":5261.03},{"text":"important","start":5261.03,"end":5261.57},{"text":"limitations","start":5261.63,"end":5262.36},{"text":"and","start":5262.37,"end":5262.51},{"text":"exceptions","start":5262.51,"end":5263.09},{"text":"to","start":5263.1,"end":5263.2},{"text":"immunity","start":5263.2,"end":5263.81},{"text":"must","start":5264.25,"end":5264.48},{"text":"be","start":5264.51,"end":5264.62},{"text":"firmly","start":5264.62,"end":5265},{"text":"grounded","start":5265.01,"end":5265.51},{"text":"in","start":5265.63,"end":5265.83},{"text":"international","start":5265.83,"end":5266.41},{"text":"law","start":5266.41,"end":5266.59}]},{"text":"While acknowledging the commission's work on draft article six, Indonesia emphasized the need to distinguish existing customary law from its progressive development.","start":5267.52,"end":5277.06,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"While","start":5267.52,"end":5267.75},{"text":"acknowledging","start":5267.75,"end":5268.39},{"text":"the","start":5268.39,"end":5268.52},{"text":"commission's","start":5268.52,"end":5268.99},{"text":"work","start":5269.02,"end":5269.39},{"text":"on","start":5269.44,"end":5269.6},{"text":"draft","start":5269.62,"end":5269.9},{"text":"article","start":5269.9,"end":5270.27},{"text":"six","start":5270.27,"end":5270.73},{"text":"Indonesia","start":5271.45,"end":5271.67},{"text":"emphasized","start":5271.69,"end":5272.29},{"text":"the","start":5272.31,"end":5272.43},{"text":"need","start":5272.43,"end":5272.79},{"text":"to","start":5272.91,"end":5273.07},{"text":"distinguish","start":5273.13,"end":5273.63},{"text":"existing","start":5273.67,"end":5274.15},{"text":"customary","start":5274.15,"end":5274.6},{"text":"law","start":5274.6,"end":5274.89},{"text":"from","start":5275.34,"end":5275.6},{"text":"its","start":5275.62,"end":5275.75},{"text":"progressive","start":5275.75,"end":5276.48},{"text":"development","start":5276.54,"end":5277.06}]},{"text":"Combating impunity must not validate or rationalize selective jurisdiction, politically motivated proceedings, or interference in the sovereign functions of states.","start":5278.19,"end":5287.77,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Combating","start":5278.19,"end":5278.62},{"text":"impunity","start":5278.62,"end":5279.09},{"text":"must","start":5279.11,"end":5279.32},{"text":"not","start":5279.33,"end":5279.5},{"text":"validate","start":5279.5,"end":5280.09},{"text":"or","start":5280.15,"end":5280.29},{"text":"rationalize","start":5280.29,"end":5280.91},{"text":"selective","start":5280.91,"end":5281.52},{"text":"jurisdiction","start":5281.55,"end":5282.26},{"text":"politically","start":5283.03,"end":5283.63},{"text":"motivated","start":5283.63,"end":5284.19},{"text":"proceedings","start":5284.21,"end":5284.87},{"text":"or","start":5285.03,"end":5285.17},{"text":"interference","start":5285.19,"end":5285.86},{"text":"in","start":5285.87,"end":5285.98},{"text":"the","start":5285.98,"end":5286.03},{"text":"sovereign","start":5286.03,"end":5286.46},{"text":"functions","start":5286.57,"end":5287.14},{"text":"of","start":5287.15,"end":5287.28},{"text":"states","start":5287.31,"end":5287.77}]},{"text":"Regarding a future convention, Indonesia underscores that the process must be member state driven, inclusive and based on broad agreement.","start":5288.75,"end":5296.59,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Regarding","start":5288.75,"end":5289.2},{"text":"a","start":5289.2,"end":5289.26},{"text":"future","start":5289.26,"end":5289.6},{"text":"convention","start":5289.61,"end":5290.23},{"text":"Indonesia","start":5290.25,"end":5290.68},{"text":"underscores","start":5290.7,"end":5291.26},{"text":"that","start":5291.27,"end":5291.4},{"text":"the","start":5291.44,"end":5291.51},{"text":"process","start":5291.52,"end":5292.02},{"text":"must","start":5292.03,"end":5292.27},{"text":"be","start":5292.31,"end":5292.43},{"text":"member","start":5292.43,"end":5292.73},{"text":"state","start":5292.75,"end":5293.03},{"text":"driven","start":5293.03,"end":5293.49},{"text":"inclusive","start":5294.08,"end":5294.83},{"text":"and","start":5294.88,"end":5295.06},{"text":"based","start":5295.07,"end":5295.54},{"text":"on","start":5295.6,"end":5295.76},{"text":"broad","start":5295.78,"end":5296.15},{"text":"agreement","start":5296.19,"end":5296.59}]},{"text":"My delegation will carefully examine the draft text, taking into account all relevant legal considerations.","start":5297.51,"end":5303.79,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"My","start":5297.51,"end":5297.73},{"text":"delegation","start":5297.74,"end":5298.26},{"text":"will","start":5298.27,"end":5298.43},{"text":"carefully","start":5298.43,"end":5298.83},{"text":"examine","start":5298.83,"end":5299.35},{"text":"the","start":5299.67,"end":5299.75},{"text":"draft","start":5299.77,"end":5300.07},{"text":"text","start":5300.11,"end":5300.53},{"text":"taking","start":5300.75,"end":5301.13},{"text":"into","start":5301.15,"end":5301.31},{"text":"account","start":5301.31,"end":5301.78},{"text":"all","start":5301.87,"end":5302.11},{"text":"relevant","start":5302.11,"end":5302.59},{"text":"legal","start":5302.63,"end":5302.97},{"text":"considerations","start":5302.97,"end":5303.79}]},{"text":"Third on general principles of law, Indonesia welcomes the adoption on second reading of the draft conclusions on general principles of law, which constitute an important contribution to clarifying article 30 38 paragraph 1c of the ICJ statute.","start":5304.96,"end":5321.38,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"Third","start":5304.96,"end":5305.27},{"text":"on","start":5305.27,"end":5305.44},{"text":"general","start":5305.44,"end":5305.78},{"text":"principles","start":5305.79,"end":5306.35},{"text":"of","start":5306.35,"end":5306.52},{"text":"law","start":5306.52,"end":5306.76},{"text":"Indonesia","start":5307.67,"end":5308},{"text":"welcomes","start":5308.01,"end":5308.37},{"text":"the","start":5308.4,"end":5308.47},{"text":"adoption","start":5308.47,"end":5309.07},{"text":"on","start":5309.12,"end":5309.27},{"text":"second","start":5309.28,"end":5309.62},{"text":"reading","start":5309.63,"end":5310.05},{"text":"of","start":5310.05,"end":5310.23},{"text":"the","start":5310.23,"end":5310.35},{"text":"draft","start":5310.35,"end":5310.68},{"text":"conclusions","start":5310.68,"end":5311.37},{"text":"on","start":5311.39,"end":5311.59},{"text":"general","start":5311.59,"end":5311.99},{"text":"principles","start":5312.03,"end":5312.7},{"text":"of","start":5312.7,"end":5312.85},{"text":"law","start":5312.86,"end":5313.07},{"text":"which","start":5313.7,"end":5313.89},{"text":"constitute","start":5313.9,"end":5314.48},{"text":"an","start":5314.51,"end":5314.65},{"text":"important","start":5314.65,"end":5315.14},{"text":"contribution","start":5315.14,"end":5315.88},{"text":"to","start":5316.17,"end":5316.27},{"text":"clarifying","start":5316.27,"end":5316.95},{"text":"article","start":5316.95,"end":5317.36},{"text":"30","start":5317.36,"end":5317.7},{"text":"38","start":5317.7,"end":5318.06},{"text":"paragraph","start":5318.62,"end":5319.16},{"text":"1c","start":5319.17,"end":5319.72},{"text":"of","start":5319.78,"end":5319.98},{"text":"the","start":5319.99,"end":5320.12},{"text":"ICJ","start":5320.14,"end":5320.8},{"text":"statute","start":5320.88,"end":5321.38}]},{"text":"We are of the view that general principles of law must be identified through representative methodologies that encompasses diverse legal traditions, regions and national legal systems including those of developing countries.","start":5322.3,"end":5337.1,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":5322.3,"end":5322.46},{"text":"are","start":5322.49,"end":5322.7},{"text":"of","start":5322.73,"end":5322.9},{"text":"the","start":5322.9,"end":5323.02},{"text":"view","start":5323.02,"end":5323.39},{"text":"that","start":5323.42,"end":5323.58},{"text":"general","start":5323.6,"end":5323.98},{"text":"principles","start":5324.02,"end":5324.6},{"text":"of","start":5324.6,"end":5324.76},{"text":"law","start":5324.76,"end":5325.1},{"text":"must","start":5325.37,"end":5325.66},{"text":"be","start":5325.67,"end":5325.76},{"text":"identified","start":5325.78,"end":5326.59},{"text":"through","start":5327.24,"end":5327.47},{"text":"representative","start":5327.49,"end":5328.19},{"text":"methodologies","start":5328.22,"end":5329.09},{"text":"that","start":5329.18,"end":5329.42},{"text":"encompasses","start":5329.46,"end":5330.34},{"text":"diverse","start":5330.68,"end":5331.22},{"text":"legal","start":5331.22,"end":5331.51},{"text":"traditions","start":5331.51,"end":5332.16},{"text":"regions","start":5332.62,"end":5333.2},{"text":"and","start":5333.23,"end":5333.38},{"text":"national","start":5333.39,"end":5333.39},{"text":"legal","start":5333.39,"end":5334},{"text":"systems","start":5334.02,"end":5334.65},{"text":"including","start":5335.09,"end":5335.56},{"text":"those","start":5335.56,"end":5335.89},{"text":"of","start":5335.9,"end":5336.06},{"text":"developing","start":5336.08,"end":5336.53},{"text":"countries","start":5336.55,"end":5337.1}]},{"text":"General principles of law should also reinforce rather than circumvent the established source and rules of international law.","start":5338.46,"end":5345.82,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"General","start":5338.46,"end":5338.78},{"text":"principles","start":5338.79,"end":5339.39},{"text":"of","start":5339.39,"end":5339.53},{"text":"law","start":5339.54,"end":5339.81},{"text":"should","start":5339.82,"end":5340.1},{"text":"also","start":5340.14,"end":5340.53},{"text":"reinforce","start":5340.54,"end":5341.25},{"text":"rather","start":5341.39,"end":5341.76},{"text":"than","start":5341.77,"end":5341.96},{"text":"circumvent","start":5342.62,"end":5342.62},{"text":"the","start":5342.9,"end":5343.02},{"text":"established","start":5343.02,"end":5343.47},{"text":"source","start":5343.47,"end":5343.97},{"text":"and","start":5344.22,"end":5344.38},{"text":"rules","start":5344.41,"end":5344.76},{"text":"of","start":5344.78,"end":5345.01},{"text":"international","start":5345.02,"end":5345.58},{"text":"law","start":5345.58,"end":5345.82}]},{"text":"Their application must respect the role of treaties and customary international law.","start":5346.69,"end":5350.97,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"Their","start":5346.69,"end":5346.84},{"text":"application","start":5346.84,"end":5347.45},{"text":"must","start":5347.46,"end":5347.66},{"text":"respect","start":5347.69,"end":5348.14},{"text":"the","start":5348.14,"end":5348.24},{"text":"role","start":5348.26,"end":5348.46},{"text":"of","start":5348.46,"end":5348.64},{"text":"treaties","start":5348.65,"end":5349.32},{"text":"and","start":5349.42,"end":5349.59},{"text":"customary","start":5349.59,"end":5350.2},{"text":"international","start":5350.26,"end":5350.79},{"text":"law","start":5350.79,"end":5350.97}]},{"text":"International courts and tribunals play an important role in identifying and applying international law.","start":5352.63,"end":5357.56,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"International","start":5352.63,"end":5353.13},{"text":"courts","start":5353.13,"end":5353.45},{"text":"and","start":5353.45,"end":5353.58},{"text":"tribunals","start":5353.58,"end":5354.14},{"text":"play","start":5354.14,"end":5354.5},{"text":"an","start":5354.54,"end":5354.64},{"text":"important","start":5354.64,"end":5355.06},{"text":"role","start":5355.06,"end":5355.3},{"text":"in","start":5355.3,"end":5355.47},{"text":"identifying","start":5355.47,"end":5356.27},{"text":"and","start":5356.29,"end":5356.39},{"text":"applying","start":5356.44,"end":5356.44},{"text":"international","start":5356.85,"end":5357.31},{"text":"law","start":5357.34,"end":5357.56}]},{"text":"Nevertheless, judicial reasoning must not substitute for the rigorous identification of applicable legal rules and principles.","start":5358.26,"end":5366.4,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"Nevertheless","start":5358.26,"end":5359.06},{"text":"judicial","start":5359.33,"end":5359.89},{"text":"reasoning","start":5359.89,"end":5360.34},{"text":"must","start":5360.35,"end":5360.58},{"text":"not","start":5360.59,"end":5360.74},{"text":"substitute","start":5360.74,"end":5361.34},{"text":"for","start":5361.86,"end":5362.02},{"text":"the","start":5362.02,"end":5362.03},{"text":"rigorous","start":5362.03,"end":5362.59},{"text":"identification","start":5362.62,"end":5363.75},{"text":"of","start":5363.75,"end":5363.92},{"text":"applicable","start":5363.92,"end":5364.44},{"text":"legal","start":5364.46,"end":5364.71},{"text":"rules","start":5364.72,"end":5365.23},{"text":"and","start":5365.46,"end":5365.63},{"text":"principles","start":5365.65,"end":5366.4}]},{"text":"We therefore believe that the draft conclusions are a valuable reference for state practice while underscoring the importance of their careful and context sensitive applications.","start":5367.14,"end":5377.71,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":5367.14,"end":5367.34},{"text":"therefore","start":5367.34,"end":5367.74},{"text":"believe","start":5367.74,"end":5368.19},{"text":"that","start":5368.38,"end":5368.54},{"text":"the","start":5368.57,"end":5368.66},{"text":"draft","start":5368.68,"end":5368.97},{"text":"conclusions","start":5368.97,"end":5369.6},{"text":"are","start":5369.62,"end":5369.75},{"text":"a","start":5369.75,"end":5369.8},{"text":"valuable","start":5369.8,"end":5370.3},{"text":"reference","start":5370.3,"end":5370.87},{"text":"for","start":5371.19,"end":5371.41},{"text":"state","start":5371.42,"end":5371.78},{"text":"practice","start":5371.78,"end":5372.41},{"text":"while","start":5372.9,"end":5373.14},{"text":"underscoring","start":5373.15,"end":5373.85},{"text":"the","start":5373.86,"end":5373.94},{"text":"importance","start":5373.94,"end":5374.55},{"text":"of","start":5374.55,"end":5374.67},{"text":"their","start":5374.7,"end":5374.88},{"text":"careful","start":5374.88,"end":5375.44},{"text":"and","start":5375.44,"end":5375.66},{"text":"context","start":5375.66,"end":5376.18},{"text":"sensitive","start":5376.18,"end":5376.99},{"text":"applications","start":5376.99,"end":5377.71}]},{"text":"Finally, on other decisions and conclusions of the commission, Indonesia welcomes the commission's continued attention to emerging and complex legal questions including due diligence, piracy and armed robbery at sea, and the identification and legal consequences of obligations erga omnes.","start":5378.71,"end":5397.36,"topics":[{"key":"erga-omnes-obligations","label":"Erga Omnes Obligations","description":"Speakers discussed the identification and legal consequences of obligations owed to the international community as a whole. Issues included their distinction from peremptory norms, the invocation of state responsibility, and concerns about their use in politically motivated proceedings."}],"words":[{"text":"Finally","start":5378.71,"end":5379.24},{"text":"on","start":5379.3,"end":5379.46},{"text":"other","start":5379.5,"end":5379.72},{"text":"decisions","start":5379.74,"end":5380.43},{"text":"and","start":5380.46,"end":5380.62},{"text":"conclusions","start":5380.62,"end":5381.36},{"text":"of","start":5381.41,"end":5381.55},{"text":"the","start":5381.58,"end":5381.67},{"text":"commission","start":5381.67,"end":5382.2},{"text":"Indonesia","start":5383.1,"end":5383.51},{"text":"welcomes","start":5383.51,"end":5383.92},{"text":"the","start":5383.94,"end":5384},{"text":"commission's","start":5384,"end":5384.5},{"text":"continued","start":5384.5,"end":5384.96},{"text":"attention","start":5384.96,"end":5385.54},{"text":"to","start":5385.54,"end":5385.73},{"text":"emerging","start":5385.75,"end":5386.26},{"text":"and","start":5386.3,"end":5386.45},{"text":"complex","start":5386.46,"end":5387.02},{"text":"legal","start":5387.02,"end":5387.33},{"text":"questions","start":5387.35,"end":5387.95},{"text":"including","start":5388.39,"end":5388.89},{"text":"due","start":5388.9,"end":5389.13},{"text":"diligence","start":5389.14,"end":5389.78},{"text":"piracy","start":5390.06,"end":5390.58},{"text":"and","start":5390.61,"end":5390.75},{"text":"armed","start":5390.78,"end":5390.99},{"text":"robbery","start":5391.02,"end":5391.31},{"text":"at","start":5391.32,"end":5391.46},{"text":"sea","start":5391.46,"end":5391.85},{"text":"and","start":5392.67,"end":5392.84},{"text":"the","start":5392.85,"end":5392.95},{"text":"identification","start":5392.98,"end":5393.96},{"text":"and","start":5393.98,"end":5394.15},{"text":"legal","start":5394.15,"end":5394.47},{"text":"consequences","start":5394.5,"end":5395.38},{"text":"of","start":5395.43,"end":5395.61},{"text":"obligations","start":5395.62,"end":5396.46},{"text":"erga","start":5396.52,"end":5396.78},{"text":"omnes","start":5396.78,"end":5397.36}]},{"text":"We encourage the commission to maintain a clear distinction between codification and progressive development, and to give appropriate weight to state practice, especially from developing countries and different legal traditions.","start":5398.18,"end":5411.33,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary 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remains committed to supporting the commission's work and engaging constructively with all delegations.","start":5412.06,"end":5418.28,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Indonesia","start":5412.06,"end":5412.21},{"text":"remains","start":5412.21,"end":5412.84},{"text":"committed","start":5412.84,"end":5413.26},{"text":"to","start":5413.3,"end":5413.44},{"text":"supporting","start":5413.44,"end":5413.97},{"text":"the","start":5413.97,"end":5414.04},{"text":"commission's","start":5414.04,"end":5414.52},{"text":"work","start":5414.53,"end":5414.99},{"text":"and","start":5415.18,"end":5415.38},{"text":"engaging","start":5415.39,"end":5415.96},{"text":"constructively","start":5415.97,"end":5416.82},{"text":"with","start":5417.09,"end":5417.31},{"text":"all","start":5417.31,"end":5417.54},{"text":"delegations","start":5417.55,"end":5418.28}]},{"text":"Our shared objective must be an international legal order that is not only more predictable but also more just and not only more ambitious but consistently upheld by all states.","start":5419.19,"end":5430.39,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Our","start":5419.19,"end":5419.37},{"text":"shared","start":5419.38,"end":5419.65},{"text":"objective","start":5419.66,"end":5420.23},{"text":"must","start":5420.25,"end":5420.5},{"text":"be","start":5420.53,"end":5420.77},{"text":"an","start":5420.82,"end":5420.92},{"text":"international","start":5420.92,"end":5421.41},{"text":"legal","start":5421.41,"end":5421.69},{"text":"order","start":5421.72,"end":5422.1},{"text":"that","start":5422.54,"end":5422.66},{"text":"is","start":5422.66,"end":5422.85},{"text":"not","start":5422.86,"end":5423.08},{"text":"only","start":5423.1,"end":5423.33},{"text":"more","start":5423.33,"end":5423.57},{"text":"predictable","start":5423.58,"end":5424.1},{"text":"but","start":5424.61,"end":5424.78},{"text":"also","start":5424.78,"end":5425.04},{"text":"more","start":5425.04,"end":5425.22},{"text":"just","start":5425.22,"end":5425.62},{"text":"and","start":5426.18,"end":5426.32},{"text":"not","start":5426.32,"end":5426.53},{"text":"only","start":5426.54,"end":5426.8},{"text":"more","start":5426.8,"end":5427},{"text":"ambitious","start":5427,"end":5427.75},{"text":"but","start":5427.9,"end":5428.07},{"text":"consistently","start":5428.11,"end":5428.94},{"text":"upheld","start":5429.04,"end":5429.46},{"text":"by","start":5429.7,"end":5429.89},{"text":"all","start":5429.9,"end":5430.03},{"text":"states","start":5430.03,"end":5430.39}]},{"text":"I thank you very much chair.","start":5430.88,"end":5431.9,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":5430.88,"end":5430.96},{"text":"thank","start":5430.96,"end":5431.18},{"text":"you","start":5431.18,"end":5431.27},{"text":"very","start":5431.27,"end":5431.46},{"text":"much","start":5431.5,"end":5431.69},{"text":"chair","start":5431.69,"end":5431.9}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"IDN","group":null,"function":null,"affiliation_full":"Indonesia"}},{"statement_number":26,"start":5433.56,"pageUrl":"/zh/ga/c6/81/30?lang=floor&t=1:30:34","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank the distinguished representative of Indonesia and I give the floor to the distinguished representative of Cyprus.","start":5433.56,"end":5439.86,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":5433.56,"end":5433.68},{"text":"thank","start":5433.68,"end":5433.94},{"text":"the","start":5433.94,"end":5434.02},{"text":"distinguished","start":5434.04,"end":5434.69},{"text":"representative","start":5434.75,"end":5435.65},{"text":"of","start":5435.65,"end":5435.84},{"text":"Indonesia","start":5435.91,"end":5436.59},{"text":"and","start":5436.59,"end":5436.77},{"text":"I","start":5436.78,"end":5436.87},{"text":"give","start":5436.87,"end":5437.05},{"text":"the","start":5437.06,"end":5437.16},{"text":"floor","start":5437.16,"end":5437.47},{"text":"to","start":5437.47,"end":5437.64},{"text":"the","start":5437.64,"end":5437.71},{"text":"distinguished","start":5437.72,"end":5438.27},{"text":"representative","start":5438.27,"end":5438.99},{"text":"of","start":5438.99,"end":5439.18},{"text":"Cyprus","start":5439.18,"end":5439.86}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"6th Committee","group":null,"function":"Chair","affiliation_full":"6th Committee"}},{"statement_number":27,"start":5445.04,"pageUrl":"/zh/ga/c6/81/30?lang=floor&t=1:30:46","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you Madam Chair.","start":5445.04,"end":5446.02,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":5445.04,"end":5445.3},{"text":"you","start":5445.3,"end":5445.35},{"text":"Madam","start":5445.36,"end":5445.64},{"text":"Chair","start":5445.65,"end":5446.02}]},{"text":"Allow me on behalf of the Republic of Cyprus to express our gratitude to the ILC chair, Doctor Andreas Mavroyiannis, and to all members of the commission and the special rapporteurs for their commendable work.","start":5450.34,"end":5460.99,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Allow","start":5450.34,"end":5450.62},{"text":"me","start":5450.62,"end":5450.77},{"text":"on","start":5450.77,"end":5450.83},{"text":"behalf","start":5450.86,"end":5451.15},{"text":"of","start":5451.15,"end":5451.23},{"text":"the","start":5451.26,"end":5451.33},{"text":"Republic","start":5451.34,"end":5451.74},{"text":"of","start":5451.74,"end":5451.82},{"text":"Cyprus","start":5451.84,"end":5452.37},{"text":"to","start":5452.38,"end":5452.5},{"text":"express","start":5452.5,"end":5453.1},{"text":"our","start":5453.1,"end":5453.38},{"text":"gratitude","start":5453.42,"end":5454.02},{"text":"to","start":5454.06,"end":5454.18},{"text":"the","start":5454.18,"end":5454.26},{"text":"ILC","start":5454.27,"end":5454.7},{"text":"chair","start":5454.7,"end":5455.1},{"text":"Doctor","start":5455.12,"end":5455.49},{"text":"Andreas","start":5455.5,"end":5455.86},{"text":"Mavroyiannis","start":5455.86,"end":5456.59},{"text":"and","start":5457.16,"end":5457.28},{"text":"to","start":5457.29,"end":5457.4},{"text":"all","start":5457.41,"end":5457.51},{"text":"members","start":5457.52,"end":5457.87},{"text":"of","start":5457.87,"end":5457.97},{"text":"the","start":5457.97,"end":5458.03},{"text":"commission","start":5458.03,"end":5458.65},{"text":"and","start":5458.65,"end":5458.75},{"text":"the","start":5458.75,"end":5458.84},{"text":"special","start":5458.84,"end":5459.18},{"text":"rapporteurs","start":5459.21,"end":5459.79},{"text":"for","start":5459.8,"end":5459.93},{"text":"their","start":5459.94,"end":5460.1},{"text":"commendable","start":5460.11,"end":5460.64},{"text":"work","start":5460.66,"end":5460.99}]},{"text":"As per your recommendation, this is an abridged version of the Cyprus statement, the full text of which will be submitted for publication.","start":5461.35,"end":5468.34,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"As","start":5461.35,"end":5461.5},{"text":"per","start":5461.8,"end":5461.98},{"text":"your","start":5461.98,"end":5462.15},{"text":"recommendation","start":5462.26,"end":5463.04},{"text":"this","start":5463.22,"end":5463.49},{"text":"is","start":5463.49,"end":5463.75},{"text":"an","start":5463.76,"end":5463.88},{"text":"abridged","start":5463.88,"end":5464.23},{"text":"version","start":5464.23,"end":5464.62},{"text":"of","start":5464.62,"end":5464.71},{"text":"the","start":5464.72,"end":5464.78},{"text":"Cyprus","start":5464.8,"end":5465.14},{"text":"statement","start":5465.16,"end":5465.69},{"text":"the","start":5465.82,"end":5465.93},{"text":"full","start":5465.93,"end":5466.1},{"text":"text","start":5466.11,"end":5466.42},{"text":"of","start":5466.42,"end":5466.5},{"text":"which","start":5466.5,"end":5466.89},{"text":"will","start":5467.01,"end":5467.16},{"text":"be","start":5467.16,"end":5467.27},{"text":"submitted","start":5467.28,"end":5467.66},{"text":"for","start":5467.66,"end":5467.78},{"text":"publication","start":5467.78,"end":5468.34}]},{"text":"Cyprus welcomes the inclusion of the new topic identification and legal consequences of obligations, erga omnets in international law in the commission's program of work.","start":5469.86,"end":5478.72,"topics":[{"key":"erga-omnes-obligations","label":"Erga Omnes Obligations","description":"Speakers discussed the identification and legal consequences of obligations owed to the international community as a whole. Issues included their distinction from peremptory norms, the invocation of state responsibility, and concerns about their use in politically motivated proceedings."}],"words":[{"text":"Cyprus","start":5469.86,"end":5470.26},{"text":"welcomes","start":5470.26,"end":5470.73},{"text":"the","start":5470.74,"end":5470.84},{"text":"inclusion","start":5470.84,"end":5471.36},{"text":"of","start":5471.36,"end":5471.47},{"text":"the","start":5471.48,"end":5471.55},{"text":"new","start":5471.55,"end":5471.74},{"text":"topic","start":5471.74,"end":5472.21},{"text":"identification","start":5472.22,"end":5473.13},{"text":"and","start":5473.13,"end":5473.24},{"text":"legal","start":5473.24,"end":5473.5},{"text":"consequences","start":5473.51,"end":5474.34},{"text":"of","start":5474.34,"end":5474.45},{"text":"obligations","start":5474.46,"end":5475.3},{"text":"erga","start":5475.33,"end":5475.66},{"text":"omnets","start":5475.66,"end":5476.03},{"text":"in","start":5476.04,"end":5476.13},{"text":"international","start":5476.13,"end":5476.74},{"text":"law","start":5476.74,"end":5477.01},{"text":"in","start":5477.02,"end":5477.2},{"text":"the","start":5477.2,"end":5477.28},{"text":"commission's","start":5477.28,"end":5477.76},{"text":"program","start":5477.76,"end":5478.23},{"text":"of","start":5478.23,"end":5478.34},{"text":"work","start":5478.34,"end":5478.72}]},{"text":"And we look forward to a study addressing, inter alia, the conceptual distinctions between obligations or erga omnets and peremptory norms of international law, as well as the invocation of state responsibility in this context.","start":5479.42,"end":5491.33,"topics":[{"key":"erga-omnes-obligations","label":"Erga Omnes Obligations","description":"Speakers discussed the identification and legal consequences of obligations owed to the international community as a whole. Issues included their distinction from peremptory norms, the invocation of state responsibility, and concerns about their use in politically motivated proceedings."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":5479.42,"end":5479.58},{"text":"we","start":5479.59,"end":5479.69},{"text":"look","start":5479.69,"end":5479.86},{"text":"forward","start":5479.86,"end":5480.23},{"text":"to","start":5480.23,"end":5480.38},{"text":"a","start":5480.38,"end":5480.42},{"text":"study","start":5480.42,"end":5480.79},{"text":"addressing","start":5480.79,"end":5481.29},{"text":"inter","start":5481.3,"end":5481.54},{"text":"alia","start":5481.55,"end":5481.97},{"text":"the","start":5481.98,"end":5482.09},{"text":"conceptual","start":5482.1,"end":5482.73},{"text":"distinctions","start":5482.73,"end":5483.4},{"text":"between","start":5483.41,"end":5483.77},{"text":"obligations","start":5483.77,"end":5484.46},{"text":"or","start":5484.46,"end":5484.61},{"text":"erga","start":5484.75,"end":5485.1},{"text":"omnets","start":5485.1,"end":5485.57},{"text":"and","start":5485.63,"end":5485.75},{"text":"peremptory","start":5485.75,"end":5486.3},{"text":"norms","start":5486.32,"end":5486.65},{"text":"of","start":5486.65,"end":5486.76},{"text":"international","start":5486.76,"end":5487.36},{"text":"law","start":5487.36,"end":5487.59},{"text":"as","start":5488.12,"end":5488.27},{"text":"well","start":5488.27,"end":5488.44},{"text":"as","start":5488.44,"end":5488.54},{"text":"the","start":5488.54,"end":5488.61},{"text":"invocation","start":5488.61,"end":5489.27},{"text":"of","start":5489.27,"end":5489.35},{"text":"state","start":5489.35,"end":5489.6},{"text":"responsibility","start":5489.61,"end":5490.44},{"text":"in","start":5490.46,"end":5490.52},{"text":"this","start":5490.53,"end":5490.7},{"text":"context","start":5490.7,"end":5491.33}]},{"text":"My delegation wishes firstly to comment on sea level rise in relation to international law of last year's report and on the possible ways forward recommended therein also in light of developments since its issuance.","start":5492.69,"end":5505.33,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"My","start":5492.69,"end":5492.85},{"text":"delegation","start":5492.86,"end":5493.44},{"text":"wishes","start":5493.45,"end":5493.76},{"text":"firstly","start":5493.76,"end":5494.12},{"text":"to","start":5494.13,"end":5494.23},{"text":"comment","start":5494.25,"end":5494.8},{"text":"on","start":5494.87,"end":5495.01},{"text":"sea","start":5495.02,"end":5495.24},{"text":"level","start":5495.26,"end":5495.5},{"text":"rise","start":5495.5,"end":5495.83},{"text":"in","start":5495.84,"end":5495.94},{"text":"relation","start":5495.94,"end":5496.44},{"text":"to","start":5496.44,"end":5496.54},{"text":"international","start":5496.55,"end":5497.19},{"text":"law","start":5497.19,"end":5497.45},{"text":"of","start":5497.48,"end":5497.63},{"text":"last","start":5497.63,"end":5497.97},{"text":"year's","start":5497.97,"end":5498.25},{"text":"report","start":5498.26,"end":5498.75},{"text":"and","start":5499.19,"end":5499.31},{"text":"on","start":5499.31,"end":5499.41},{"text":"the","start":5499.42,"end":5499.5},{"text":"possible","start":5499.5,"end":5499.97},{"text":"ways","start":5499.97,"end":5500.22},{"text":"forward","start":5500.25,"end":5500.72},{"text":"recommended","start":5500.72,"end":5501.3},{"text":"therein","start":5501.33,"end":5501.8},{"text":"also","start":5502.1,"end":5502.6},{"text":"in","start":5502.62,"end":5502.78},{"text":"light","start":5502.78,"end":5503.18},{"text":"of","start":5503.21,"end":5503.35},{"text":"developments","start":5503.36,"end":5504.13},{"text":"since","start":5504.13,"end":5504.53},{"text":"its","start":5504.59,"end":5504.8},{"text":"issuance","start":5504.81,"end":5505.33}]},{"text":"The severe consequences of climate induced sea level rise on states have been underscored by the recent advisory opinions and were further addressed by the international community.","start":5506.92,"end":5516.47,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":5506.92,"end":5507.02},{"text":"severe","start":5507.04,"end":5507.37},{"text":"consequences","start":5507.37,"end":5508.03},{"text":"of","start":5508.03,"end":5508.13},{"text":"climate","start":5508.17,"end":5508.58},{"text":"induced","start":5508.59,"end":5509.07},{"text":"sea","start":5509.07,"end":5509.27},{"text":"level","start":5509.29,"end":5509.53},{"text":"rise","start":5509.53,"end":5509.87},{"text":"on","start":5509.87,"end":5509.97},{"text":"states","start":5509.99,"end":5510.53},{"text":"have","start":5510.69,"end":5510.85},{"text":"been","start":5510.85,"end":5511.01},{"text":"underscored","start":5511.05,"end":5511.65},{"text":"by","start":5511.66,"end":5511.82},{"text":"the","start":5511.84,"end":5511.93},{"text":"recent","start":5511.93,"end":5512.25},{"text":"advisory","start":5512.25,"end":5512.25},{"text":"opinions","start":5512.76,"end":5513.39},{"text":"and","start":5513.86,"end":5514.01},{"text":"were","start":5514.01,"end":5514.18},{"text":"further","start":5514.19,"end":5514.58},{"text":"addressed","start":5514.58,"end":5514.98},{"text":"by","start":5515,"end":5515.13},{"text":"the","start":5515.13,"end":5515.21},{"text":"international","start":5515.21,"end":5515.81},{"text":"community","start":5515.81,"end":5516.47}]},{"text":"Importantly, the General Assembly this year adopted a landmark resolution welcoming the ICJ's findings and calling upon all states to comply with their obligations to ensure the protection of the climate system.","start":5517.21,"end":5529.83,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"Importantly","start":5517.21,"end":5518.01},{"text":"the","start":5518.49,"end":5518.59},{"text":"General","start":5518.61,"end":5519},{"text":"Assembly","start":5519,"end":5519.49},{"text":"this","start":5519.49,"end":5519.73},{"text":"year","start":5519.73,"end":5520.05},{"text":"adopted","start":5520.13,"end":5520.64},{"text":"a","start":5520.64,"end":5520.68},{"text":"landmark","start":5520.68,"end":5521.13},{"text":"resolution","start":5521.13,"end":5521.77},{"text":"welcoming","start":5521.8,"end":5522.36},{"text":"the","start":5522.38,"end":5522.49},{"text":"ICJ's","start":5522.49,"end":5523.04},{"text":"findings","start":5523.04,"end":5523.68},{"text":"and","start":5523.86,"end":5523.96},{"text":"calling","start":5523.97,"end":5524.29},{"text":"upon","start":5524.29,"end":5524.68},{"text":"all","start":5524.7,"end":5524.9},{"text":"states","start":5524.91,"end":5525.48},{"text":"to","start":5525.48,"end":5525.59},{"text":"comply","start":5525.61,"end":5526.16},{"text":"with","start":5526.17,"end":5526.3},{"text":"their","start":5526.31,"end":5526.49},{"text":"obligations","start":5526.49,"end":5527.22},{"text":"to","start":5527.22,"end":5527.35},{"text":"ensure","start":5527.35,"end":5527.81},{"text":"the","start":5527.83,"end":5527.95},{"text":"protection","start":5527.95,"end":5528.65},{"text":"of","start":5528.7,"end":5528.85},{"text":"the","start":5528.85,"end":5528.94},{"text":"climate","start":5528.94,"end":5529.37},{"text":"system","start":5529.38,"end":5529.83}]},{"text":"In addition, the recent adoption by consensus of the first ever UN declaration on sea level rise reflects the concerns shared by all states regarding the impacts of sea level rise.","start":5531.01,"end":5542.56,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. 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Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"With","start":5544.09,"end":5544.26},{"text":"regard","start":5544.28,"end":5544.5},{"text":"to","start":5544.53,"end":5544.62},{"text":"the","start":5544.62,"end":5544.72},{"text":"possible","start":5544.73,"end":5545.21},{"text":"ways","start":5545.21,"end":5545.53},{"text":"forward","start":5545.54,"end":5546.09},{"text":"identified","start":5546.11,"end":5546.77},{"text":"by","start":5546.81,"end":5546.96},{"text":"the","start":5546.97,"end":5547.05},{"text":"ILC","start":5547.05,"end":5547.65},{"text":"Cyprus","start":5548.12,"end":5548.66},{"text":"reiterates","start":5548.67,"end":5549.37},{"text":"that","start":5549.38,"end":5549.53},{"text":"the","start":5549.56,"end":5549.65},{"text":"existing","start":5549.65,"end":5550.19},{"text":"law","start":5550.23,"end":5550.41},{"text":"of","start":5550.41,"end":5550.51},{"text":"the","start":5550.53,"end":5550.63},{"text":"framework","start":5550.85,"end":5551.43},{"text":"can","start":5552.01,"end":5552.29},{"text":"effectively","start":5552.29,"end":5552.93},{"text":"address","start":5552.93,"end":5553.37},{"text":"sea","start":5553.37,"end":5553.61},{"text":"level","start":5553.61,"end":5553.86},{"text":"rise","start":5553.89,"end":5554.32},{"text":"through","start":5554.45,"end":5554.73},{"text":"a","start":5554.73,"end":5554.75},{"text":"contemporary","start":5554.75,"end":5555.63},{"text":"interpretation","start":5555.63,"end":5556.54},{"text":"that","start":5556.89,"end":5557.09},{"text":"considers","start":5557.09,"end":5557.76},{"text":"the","start":5557.81,"end":5557.9},{"text":"fundamental","start":5557.9,"end":5558.57},{"text":"principles","start":5558.58,"end":5559.28},{"text":"of","start":5559.28,"end":5559.37},{"text":"international","start":5559.37,"end":5559.97},{"text":"law","start":5559.97,"end":5560.24},{"text":"including","start":5560.65,"end":5561.3},{"text":"the","start":5561.32,"end":5561.42},{"text":"preservation","start":5561.43,"end":5562.17},{"text":"of","start":5562.17,"end":5562.29},{"text":"existing","start":5562.29,"end":5562.83},{"text":"rights","start":5562.83,"end":5563.19},{"text":"and","start":5563.2,"end":5563.32},{"text":"legal","start":5563.32,"end":5563.61},{"text":"stability","start":5563.61,"end":5564.37},{"text":"certainty","start":5564.53,"end":5565.19},{"text":"and","start":5565.19,"end":5565.3},{"text":"predictability","start":5565.3,"end":5566.22},{"text":"as","start":5566.86,"end":5567.05},{"text":"per","start":5567.05,"end":5567.21},{"text":"paragraph","start":5567.21,"end":5567.69},{"text":"58","start":5567.7,"end":5568.29},{"text":"a","start":5568.37,"end":5568.69},{"text":"of","start":5568.82,"end":5568.92},{"text":"the","start":5568.95,"end":5569.04},{"text":"final","start":5569.04,"end":5569.4},{"text":"report","start":5569.41,"end":5569.95}]},{"text":"This approach is reinforced by the advisory opinions both of the ICJ and it clause, which emphasize the fundamental importance of upholding unclose, the legal framework within which all activities in the oceans and seas must be carried out and whose provisions reflect customer international law.","start":5570.73,"end":5588.08,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":5570.73,"end":5570.97},{"text":"approach","start":5570.97,"end":5571.61},{"text":"is","start":5571.77,"end":5571.91},{"text":"reinforced","start":5571.91,"end":5572.56},{"text":"by","start":5572.57,"end":5572.72},{"text":"the","start":5572.73,"end":5572.84},{"text":"advisory","start":5572.84,"end":5573.35},{"text":"opinions","start":5573.35,"end":5574.03},{"text":"both","start":5574.29,"end":5574.56},{"text":"of","start":5574.56,"end":5574.68},{"text":"the","start":5574.69,"end":5574.78},{"text":"ICJ","start":5574.79,"end":5575.32},{"text":"and","start":5575.35,"end":5575.53},{"text":"it","start":5575.53,"end":5575.67},{"text":"clause","start":5575.67,"end":5576.03},{"text":"which","start":5576.52,"end":5576.69},{"text":"emphasize","start":5576.72,"end":5577.26},{"text":"the","start":5577.27,"end":5577.34},{"text":"fundamental","start":5577.34,"end":5577.72},{"text":"importance","start":5577.97,"end":5578.55},{"text":"of","start":5578.55,"end":5578.65},{"text":"upholding","start":5578.66,"end":5579.22},{"text":"unclose","start":5579.22,"end":5579.78},{"text":"the","start":5580.17,"end":5580.49},{"text":"legal","start":5580.53,"end":5580.9},{"text":"framework","start":5580.9,"end":5581.49},{"text":"within","start":5581.52,"end":5581.77},{"text":"which","start":5581.77,"end":5582.1},{"text":"all","start":5582.17,"end":5582.36},{"text":"activities","start":5582.4,"end":5583.01},{"text":"in","start":5583.02,"end":5583.16},{"text":"the","start":5583.16,"end":5583.28},{"text":"oceans","start":5583.29,"end":5583.73},{"text":"and","start":5583.73,"end":5583.84},{"text":"seas","start":5583.85,"end":5584.29},{"text":"must","start":5584.32,"end":5584.57},{"text":"be","start":5584.57,"end":5584.69},{"text":"carried","start":5584.69,"end":5585.05},{"text":"out","start":5585.05,"end":5585.37},{"text":"and","start":5585.47,"end":5585.58},{"text":"whose","start":5585.6,"end":5585.79},{"text":"provisions","start":5585.81,"end":5586.34},{"text":"reflect","start":5586.37,"end":5586.8},{"text":"customer","start":5586.81,"end":5587.25},{"text":"international","start":5587.29,"end":5587.85},{"text":"law","start":5587.85,"end":5588.08}]},{"text":"As underscored by all, states in the UN declaration on sea level rise, legal stability and certainty are vital for the preservation of the rights of states, including as to the preservation of their baselines and maritime zones, the continuity of statehood and international peace and security.","start":5589.56,"end":5607.22,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":5589.56,"end":5589.77},{"text":"underscored","start":5589.77,"end":5590.26},{"text":"by","start":5590.29,"end":5590.48},{"text":"all","start":5590.48,"end":5590.63},{"text":"states","start":5590.63,"end":5591.05},{"text":"in","start":5591.05,"end":5591.15},{"text":"the","start":5591.15,"end":5591.26},{"text":"UN","start":5591.26,"end":5591.52},{"text":"declaration","start":5591.53,"end":5592.31},{"text":"on","start":5592.33,"end":5592.59},{"text":"sea","start":5592.77,"end":5592.99},{"text":"level","start":5593.01,"end":5593.29},{"text":"rise","start":5593.29,"end":5593.76},{"text":"legal","start":5594.17,"end":5594.46},{"text":"stability","start":5594.46,"end":5595.09},{"text":"and","start":5595.09,"end":5595.2},{"text":"certainty","start":5595.2,"end":5595.89},{"text":"are","start":5595.94,"end":5596.05},{"text":"vital","start":5596.06,"end":5596.6},{"text":"for","start":5596.61,"end":5596.77},{"text":"the","start":5596.77,"end":5596.87},{"text":"preservation","start":5596.89,"end":5597.67},{"text":"of","start":5597.69,"end":5597.81},{"text":"the","start":5597.81,"end":5597.92},{"text":"rights","start":5597.93,"end":5598.17},{"text":"of","start":5598.17,"end":5598.26},{"text":"states","start":5598.26,"end":5598.73},{"text":"including","start":5599.13,"end":5599.67},{"text":"as","start":5599.69,"end":5599.88},{"text":"to","start":5599.88,"end":5599.97},{"text":"the","start":5599.97,"end":5600.07},{"text":"preservation","start":5600.09,"end":5600.89},{"text":"of","start":5600.89,"end":5600.98},{"text":"their","start":5600.99,"end":5601.14},{"text":"baselines","start":5601.17,"end":5601.86},{"text":"and","start":5601.86,"end":5601.97},{"text":"maritime","start":5601.97,"end":5602.49},{"text":"zones","start":5602.49,"end":5602.96},{"text":"the","start":5603.4,"end":5603.51},{"text":"continuity","start":5603.53,"end":5604.26},{"text":"of","start":5604.26,"end":5604.35},{"text":"statehood","start":5604.35,"end":5605},{"text":"and","start":5605.13,"end":5605.27},{"text":"international","start":5605.29,"end":5606.01},{"text":"peace","start":5606.01,"end":5606.41},{"text":"and","start":5606.41,"end":5606.53},{"text":"security","start":5606.53,"end":5607.22}]},{"text":"The un declaration took note of the findings of the ICJ's advisory opinion and of the ILC's final report and further affirmed that states can maintain their maritime zones once established in accordance with unclose in the face of physical changes resulting from sea level rise without prejudice to their ability to update them.","start":5608.27,"end":5628.01,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":5608.27,"end":5608.41},{"text":"un","start":5608.41,"end":5608.71},{"text":"declaration","start":5608.72,"end":5609.41},{"text":"took","start":5609.41,"end":5609.66},{"text":"note","start":5609.67,"end":5610},{"text":"of","start":5610,"end":5610.08},{"text":"the","start":5610.1,"end":5610.18},{"text":"findings","start":5610.19,"end":5610.72},{"text":"of","start":5610.72,"end":5610.84},{"text":"the","start":5610.85,"end":5610.93},{"text":"ICJ's","start":5610.93,"end":5611.5},{"text":"advisory","start":5611.5,"end":5612},{"text":"opinion","start":5612,"end":5612.6},{"text":"and","start":5612.65,"end":5612.91},{"text":"of","start":5612.91,"end":5613.04},{"text":"the","start":5613.04,"end":5613.13},{"text":"ILC's","start":5613.17,"end":5613.77},{"text":"final","start":5613.78,"end":5614.14},{"text":"report","start":5614.15,"end":5614.68},{"text":"and","start":5615.1,"end":5615.23},{"text":"further","start":5615.25,"end":5615.56},{"text":"affirmed","start":5615.57,"end":5616.22},{"text":"that","start":5616.31,"end":5616.5},{"text":"states","start":5616.51,"end":5617.03},{"text":"can","start":5617.14,"end":5617.35},{"text":"maintain","start":5617.37,"end":5617.88},{"text":"their","start":5617.88,"end":5618.05},{"text":"maritime","start":5618.05,"end":5618.58},{"text":"zones","start":5618.59,"end":5619.07},{"text":"once","start":5619.41,"end":5619.69},{"text":"established","start":5619.69,"end":5620.17},{"text":"in","start":5620.17,"end":5620.25},{"text":"accordance","start":5620.26,"end":5620.76},{"text":"with","start":5620.76,"end":5620.89},{"text":"unclose","start":5620.9,"end":5621.42},{"text":"in","start":5621.88,"end":5622},{"text":"the","start":5622,"end":5622.09},{"text":"face","start":5622.09,"end":5622.33},{"text":"of","start":5622.33,"end":5622.41},{"text":"physical","start":5622.41,"end":5622.91},{"text":"changes","start":5622.92,"end":5623.5},{"text":"resulting","start":5623.58,"end":5624.12},{"text":"from","start":5624.13,"end":5624.33},{"text":"sea","start":5624.33,"end":5624.51},{"text":"level","start":5624.53,"end":5624.77},{"text":"rise","start":5624.79,"end":5625.18},{"text":"without","start":5625.32,"end":5625.73},{"text":"prejudice","start":5625.74,"end":5626.31},{"text":"to","start":5626.33,"end":5626.48},{"text":"their","start":5626.48,"end":5626.66},{"text":"ability","start":5626.66,"end":5627.2},{"text":"to","start":5627.21,"end":5627.38},{"text":"update","start":5627.38,"end":5627.74},{"text":"them","start":5627.77,"end":5628.01}]},{"text":"Accordingly, Cyprus reiterates that UNCLOS does not require states to update baselines on nautical charts due to sea level rise, as confirmed by the ICJ in paragraph 362 of its advisory opinion.","start":5628.68,"end":5642.29,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. 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Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"in","start":5643.61,"end":5643.74},{"text":"light","start":5643.77,"end":5644},{"text":"of","start":5644,"end":5644.12},{"text":"the","start":5644.13,"end":5644.21},{"text":"overwhelming","start":5644.21,"end":5644.85},{"text":"consensus","start":5644.85,"end":5645.53},{"text":"in","start":5645.53,"end":5645.62},{"text":"state","start":5645.62,"end":5645.89},{"text":"practice","start":5645.93,"end":5646.55},{"text":"and","start":5646.65,"end":5646.8},{"text":"especially","start":5646.81,"end":5647.31},{"text":"in","start":5647.31,"end":5647.4},{"text":"light","start":5647.41,"end":5647.72},{"text":"of","start":5647.72,"end":5647.88},{"text":"the","start":5647.89,"end":5647.98},{"text":"ICJ","start":5647.98,"end":5648.42},{"text":"advisory","start":5648.42,"end":5648.95},{"text":"opinion","start":5648.95,"end":5649.49},{"text":"the","start":5649.7,"end":5649.81},{"text":"General","start":5649.81,"end":5650.2},{"text":"Assembly","start":5650.2,"end":5650.66},{"text":"resolution","start":5650.66,"end":5651.29},{"text":"and","start":5651.58,"end":5651.72},{"text":"the","start":5651.72,"end":5651.81},{"text":"UN","start":5651.81,"end":5652.1},{"text":"declaration","start":5652.11,"end":5652.75},{"text":"on","start":5652.75,"end":5652.86},{"text":"sea","start":5652.87,"end":5653.02},{"text":"level","start":5653.05,"end":5653.29},{"text":"rights","start":5653.29,"end":5653.71},{"text":"all","start":5653.98,"end":5654.21},{"text":"of","start":5654.21,"end":5654.34},{"text":"which","start":5654.37,"end":5654.68},{"text":"followed","start":5654.69,"end":5655.25},{"text":"the","start":5655.29,"end":5655.39},{"text":"ILC's","start":5655.41,"end":5655.97},{"text":"final","start":5655.98,"end":5656.3},{"text":"report","start":5656.3,"end":5656.73},{"text":"on","start":5656.73,"end":5656.85},{"text":"sea","start":5656.85,"end":5657.05},{"text":"level","start":5657.05,"end":5657.28},{"text":"rise","start":5657.29,"end":5657.64},{"text":"Cyprus","start":5658.01,"end":5658.55},{"text":"is","start":5658.55,"end":5658.68},{"text":"of","start":5658.68,"end":5658.77},{"text":"the","start":5658.77,"end":5658.87},{"text":"view","start":5658.87,"end":5659.27},{"text":"that","start":5659.29,"end":5659.45},{"text":"there","start":5659.49,"end":5659.64},{"text":"is","start":5659.64,"end":5659.75},{"text":"no","start":5659.75,"end":5659.97},{"text":"necessity","start":5659.97,"end":5660.7},{"text":"of","start":5660.73,"end":5660.92},{"text":"either","start":5660.94,"end":5661.31},{"text":"an","start":5661.32,"end":5661.42},{"text":"interpretive","start":5661.42,"end":5662.17},{"text":"statement","start":5662.21,"end":5662.87},{"text":"or","start":5663.19,"end":5663.4},{"text":"a","start":5663.4,"end":5663.45},{"text":"subsequent","start":5663.47,"end":5664.01},{"text":"agreement","start":5664.01,"end":5664.41},{"text":"regarding","start":5664.42,"end":5664.88},{"text":"the","start":5664.89,"end":5664.97},{"text":"preservation","start":5664.98,"end":5665.63},{"text":"of","start":5665.64,"end":5665.73},{"text":"baselines","start":5665.73,"end":5666.37},{"text":"and","start":5666.41,"end":5666.56},{"text":"maritime","start":5666.56,"end":5667.15},{"text":"zones","start":5667.17,"end":5667.63},{"text":"as","start":5667.73,"end":5667.87},{"text":"suggested","start":5667.87,"end":5668.54}]},{"text":"On the doctrine of statehood, Cyprus would like to refer to the ICJ's advisory opinion and the relevant UN General Assembly resolution, as well as the UN declaration on sea level rise, which affers affirm that once a state is established, the disappearance of one of its constituent elements would not necessarily entail the loss of its statehood.","start":5669.68,"end":5690.12,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"On","start":5669.68,"end":5669.8},{"text":"the","start":5669.8,"end":5669.89},{"text":"doctrine","start":5669.89,"end":5670.3},{"text":"of","start":5670.3,"end":5670.41},{"text":"statehood","start":5670.41,"end":5671.04},{"text":"Cyprus","start":5671.05,"end":5671.54},{"text":"would","start":5671.55,"end":5671.69},{"text":"like","start":5671.69,"end":5671.87},{"text":"to","start":5671.89,"end":5671.93},{"text":"refer","start":5671.93,"end":5672.31},{"text":"to","start":5672.33,"end":5672.48},{"text":"the","start":5672.49,"end":5672.57},{"text":"ICJ's","start":5672.58,"end":5673.11},{"text":"advisory","start":5673.11,"end":5673.61},{"text":"opinion","start":5673.61,"end":5674.26},{"text":"and","start":5674.35,"end":5674.49},{"text":"the","start":5674.49,"end":5674.6},{"text":"relevant","start":5674.6,"end":5675.16},{"text":"UN","start":5675.31,"end":5675.74},{"text":"General","start":5675.86,"end":5676.29},{"text":"Assembly","start":5676.29,"end":5676.69},{"text":"resolution","start":5676.69,"end":5677.41},{"text":"as","start":5677.97,"end":5678.11},{"text":"well","start":5678.12,"end":5678.29},{"text":"as","start":5678.29,"end":5678.48},{"text":"the","start":5678.49,"end":5678.75},{"text":"UN","start":5678.9,"end":5679.21},{"text":"declaration","start":5679.22,"end":5679.99},{"text":"on","start":5679.99,"end":5680.08},{"text":"sea","start":5680.08,"end":5680.25},{"text":"level","start":5680.52,"end":5680.53},{"text":"rise","start":5680.53,"end":5680.96},{"text":"which","start":5681.13,"end":5681.37},{"text":"affers","start":5681.37,"end":5681.68},{"text":"affirm","start":5681.68,"end":5681.88},{"text":"that","start":5682.08,"end":5682.33},{"text":"once","start":5682.33,"end":5682.72},{"text":"a","start":5682.72,"end":5682.79},{"text":"state","start":5682.79,"end":5683.12},{"text":"is","start":5683.12,"end":5683.26},{"text":"established","start":5683.28,"end":5683.91},{"text":"the","start":5684.32,"end":5684.44},{"text":"disappearance","start":5684.46,"end":5685.3},{"text":"of","start":5685.37,"end":5685.52},{"text":"one","start":5685.52,"end":5685.72},{"text":"of","start":5685.72,"end":5685.82},{"text":"its","start":5685.82,"end":5685.96},{"text":"constituent","start":5685.96,"end":5686.54},{"text":"elements","start":5686.55,"end":5687},{"text":"would","start":5687.04,"end":5687.29},{"text":"not","start":5687.3,"end":5687.56},{"text":"necessarily","start":5687.56,"end":5688.28},{"text":"entail","start":5688.28,"end":5688.78},{"text":"the","start":5688.88,"end":5689.02},{"text":"loss","start":5689.02,"end":5689.32},{"text":"of","start":5689.32,"end":5689.47},{"text":"its","start":5689.47,"end":5689.62},{"text":"statehood","start":5689.63,"end":5690.12}]},{"text":"Cyprus also welcomes the study group's conclusion that states may take all necessary measures in order to preserve their statehood sovereignty and maritime entitlements.","start":5691.03,"end":5700.58,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"Cyprus","start":5691.03,"end":5691.45},{"text":"also","start":5691.46,"end":5691.76},{"text":"welcomes","start":5691.76,"end":5692.29},{"text":"the","start":5692.29,"end":5692.37},{"text":"study","start":5692.37,"end":5692.68},{"text":"group's","start":5692.69,"end":5692.98},{"text":"conclusion","start":5692.98,"end":5693.68},{"text":"that","start":5693.83,"end":5694},{"text":"states","start":5694,"end":5694.44},{"text":"may","start":5694.44,"end":5694.6},{"text":"take","start":5694.64,"end":5695.03},{"text":"all","start":5695.08,"end":5695.28},{"text":"necessary","start":5695.28,"end":5695.77},{"text":"measures","start":5695.77,"end":5696.24},{"text":"in","start":5696.24,"end":5696.34},{"text":"order","start":5696.35,"end":5696.57},{"text":"to","start":5696.57,"end":5696.72},{"text":"preserve","start":5696.74,"end":5697.2},{"text":"their","start":5697.2,"end":5697.36},{"text":"statehood","start":5697.36,"end":5697.95},{"text":"sovereignty","start":5697.97,"end":5698.82},{"text":"and","start":5698.92,"end":5699.04},{"text":"maritime","start":5699.04,"end":5699.72},{"text":"entitlements","start":5699.76,"end":5700.58}]},{"text":"Finally, Cyprus considers that the ILC's final report, as well as the subsequent developments, provide a sufficient basis for addressing the issue of continuity of statehood and the preservation of maritime entitlements.","start":5701.52,"end":5714.57,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"Finally","start":5701.52,"end":5702.07},{"text":"Cyprus","start":5702.6,"end":5703},{"text":"considers","start":5703,"end":5703.6},{"text":"that","start":5703.6,"end":5703.76},{"text":"the","start":5703.76,"end":5703.88},{"text":"ILC's","start":5703.88,"end":5704.46},{"text":"final","start":5704.46,"end":5704.9},{"text":"report","start":5704.91,"end":5705.4},{"text":"as","start":5705.75,"end":5705.9},{"text":"well","start":5705.91,"end":5706.08},{"text":"as","start":5706.09,"end":5706.22},{"text":"the","start":5706.23,"end":5706.32},{"text":"subsequent","start":5706.34,"end":5706.87},{"text":"developments","start":5706.88,"end":5707.6},{"text":"provide","start":5707.84,"end":5708.35},{"text":"a","start":5708.35,"end":5708.36},{"text":"sufficient","start":5708.36,"end":5708.93},{"text":"basis","start":5708.94,"end":5709.5},{"text":"for","start":5709.57,"end":5709.72},{"text":"addressing","start":5709.72,"end":5710.26},{"text":"the","start":5710.28,"end":5710.39},{"text":"issue","start":5710.39,"end":5710.59},{"text":"of","start":5710.59,"end":5710.68},{"text":"continuity","start":5710.68,"end":5711.33},{"text":"of","start":5711.33,"end":5711.42},{"text":"statehood","start":5711.44,"end":5712.05},{"text":"and","start":5712.12,"end":5712.22},{"text":"the","start":5712.23,"end":5712.31},{"text":"preservation","start":5712.33,"end":5713.04},{"text":"of","start":5713.06,"end":5713.17},{"text":"maritime","start":5713.2,"end":5713.8},{"text":"entitlements","start":5713.8,"end":5714.57}]},{"text":"However, the protection of persons affected by sea level rise and the application of the existing legal framework in this context remain unresolved.","start":5714.86,"end":5723.88,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"However","start":5714.86,"end":5715.45},{"text":"the","start":5716.38,"end":5716.48},{"text":"protection","start":5716.49,"end":5716.98},{"text":"of","start":5716.99,"end":5717.08},{"text":"persons","start":5717.11,"end":5717.63},{"text":"affected","start":5717.63,"end":5718.09},{"text":"by","start":5718.14,"end":5718.49},{"text":"sea","start":5718.52,"end":5718.73},{"text":"level","start":5718.76,"end":5719},{"text":"rise","start":5719,"end":5719.43},{"text":"and","start":5719.48,"end":5719.6},{"text":"the","start":5719.6,"end":5719.68},{"text":"application","start":5719.71,"end":5720.31},{"text":"of","start":5720.31,"end":5720.38},{"text":"the","start":5720.4,"end":5720.48},{"text":"existing","start":5720.48,"end":5720.96},{"text":"legal","start":5720.96,"end":5721.2},{"text":"framework","start":5721.2,"end":5721.74},{"text":"in","start":5721.75,"end":5721.84},{"text":"this","start":5721.84,"end":5722.04},{"text":"context","start":5722.04,"end":5722.71},{"text":"remain","start":5722.77,"end":5723.19},{"text":"unresolved","start":5723.2,"end":5723.88}]},{"text":"Against this backdrop, Cyprus supports the view expressed by the alliance of small island states that discussions should now focus on the rights and protection of persons affected by sea level rise.","start":5724.8,"end":5736.56,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"Against","start":5724.8,"end":5725.16},{"text":"this","start":5725.16,"end":5725.31},{"text":"backdrop","start":5725.32,"end":5725.96},{"text":"Cyprus","start":5726.36,"end":5726.8},{"text":"supports","start":5726.8,"end":5727.28},{"text":"the","start":5727.29,"end":5727.39},{"text":"view","start":5727.4,"end":5727.71},{"text":"expressed","start":5727.71,"end":5728.24},{"text":"by","start":5728.25,"end":5728.47},{"text":"the","start":5728.47,"end":5728.6},{"text":"alliance","start":5728.6,"end":5729.19},{"text":"of","start":5729.19,"end":5729.3},{"text":"small","start":5729.3,"end":5729.62},{"text":"island","start":5729.62,"end":5729.91},{"text":"states","start":5729.92,"end":5730.35},{"text":"that","start":5730.96,"end":5731.12},{"text":"discussions","start":5731.12,"end":5731.84},{"text":"should","start":5731.84,"end":5732.05},{"text":"now","start":5732.06,"end":5732.29},{"text":"focus","start":5732.29,"end":5732.84},{"text":"on","start":5732.92,"end":5733.07},{"text":"the","start":5733.07,"end":5733.17},{"text":"rights","start":5733.17,"end":5733.52},{"text":"and","start":5733.56,"end":5733.67},{"text":"protection","start":5733.7,"end":5734.29},{"text":"of","start":5734.3,"end":5734.38},{"text":"persons","start":5734.4,"end":5734.92},{"text":"affected","start":5734.92,"end":5735.53},{"text":"by","start":5735.56,"end":5735.73},{"text":"sea","start":5735.73,"end":5735.93},{"text":"level","start":5735.94,"end":5736.16},{"text":"rise","start":5736.2,"end":5736.56}]},{"text":"May I now turn to the commission's work at the 77th session and my delegation will now address general principles of law.","start":5738.16,"end":5745.16,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"May","start":5738.16,"end":5738.28},{"text":"I","start":5738.29,"end":5738.37},{"text":"now","start":5738.38,"end":5738.54},{"text":"turn","start":5738.54,"end":5738.83},{"text":"to","start":5738.83,"end":5739.1},{"text":"the","start":5739.1,"end":5739.21},{"text":"commission's","start":5739.21,"end":5739.72},{"text":"work","start":5739.72,"end":5740.02},{"text":"at","start":5740.09,"end":5740.23},{"text":"the","start":5740.23,"end":5740.4},{"text":"77th","start":5740.4,"end":5741.38},{"text":"session","start":5741.38,"end":5741.92},{"text":"and","start":5742.21,"end":5742.31},{"text":"my","start":5742.31,"end":5742.49},{"text":"delegation","start":5742.49,"end":5743.18},{"text":"will","start":5743.24,"end":5743.39},{"text":"now","start":5743.4,"end":5743.59},{"text":"address","start":5743.59,"end":5743.96},{"text":"general","start":5743.97,"end":5744.36},{"text":"principles","start":5744.36,"end":5744.87},{"text":"of","start":5744.87,"end":5744.97},{"text":"law","start":5744.97,"end":5745.16}]},{"text":"we thank the special rapporteur for his valuable contribution to the commission's work and his work on the draft conclusions.","start":5746.88,"end":5753.09,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"we","start":5746.88,"end":5747.01},{"text":"thank","start":5747.01,"end":5747.23},{"text":"the","start":5747.24,"end":5747.33},{"text":"special","start":5747.34,"end":5747.75},{"text":"rapporteur","start":5747.76,"end":5748.27},{"text":"for","start":5748.28,"end":5748.42},{"text":"his","start":5748.44,"end":5748.64},{"text":"valuable","start":5748.64,"end":5749.14},{"text":"contribution","start":5749.16,"end":5749.86},{"text":"to","start":5749.86,"end":5749.96},{"text":"the","start":5749.96,"end":5750.06},{"text":"commission's","start":5750.06,"end":5750.58},{"text":"work","start":5750.58,"end":5750.99},{"text":"and","start":5751.27,"end":5751.4},{"text":"his","start":5751.4,"end":5751.59},{"text":"work","start":5751.6,"end":5751.92},{"text":"on","start":5751.92,"end":5752.01},{"text":"the","start":5752.02,"end":5752.1},{"text":"draft","start":5752.12,"end":5752.4},{"text":"conclusions.","start":5752.4,"end":5753.09}]},{"text":"we welcome the adoption by the commission of the entire set of 12 draft conclusions and their commentaries.","start":5753.79,"end":5759.56,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"we","start":5753.79,"end":5753.93},{"text":"welcome","start":5753.93,"end":5754.38},{"text":"the","start":5754.39,"end":5754.48},{"text":"adoption","start":5754.48,"end":5754.95},{"text":"by","start":5754.96,"end":5755.08},{"text":"the","start":5755.1,"end":5755.18},{"text":"commission","start":5755.2,"end":5755.75},{"text":"of","start":5755.76,"end":5755.91},{"text":"the","start":5755.92,"end":5756.02},{"text":"entire","start":5756.02,"end":5756.53},{"text":"set","start":5756.53,"end":5756.88},{"text":"of","start":5756.88,"end":5757.06},{"text":"12","start":5757.1,"end":5757.46},{"text":"draft","start":5757.48,"end":5757.77},{"text":"conclusions","start":5757.78,"end":5758.54},{"text":"and","start":5758.56,"end":5758.67},{"text":"their","start":5758.67,"end":5758.8},{"text":"commentaries","start":5758.82,"end":5759.56}]},{"text":"Cyprus aligns itself with the statement delivered by the european union and wishes to further highlight the following points we welcome the adoption of draft conclusion 11 which recognizes the general principle principles of law as an autonomous source of international law and establishes no hierarchy among the principal sources in accordance with article 381 of the statute of the ICJ.","start":5760.06,"end":5782.78,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. 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Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"Cyprus","start":5783.8,"end":5784.2},{"text":"supports","start":5784.2,"end":5784.65},{"text":"the","start":5784.66,"end":5784.75},{"text":"view","start":5784.76,"end":5785.19},{"text":"that","start":5785.44,"end":5785.61},{"text":"the","start":5785.61,"end":5785.7},{"text":"same","start":5785.7,"end":5786},{"text":"norm","start":5786,"end":5786.34},{"text":"can","start":5786.35,"end":5786.35},{"text":"coexist","start":5786.35,"end":5787.21},{"text":"in","start":5787.21,"end":5787.31},{"text":"different","start":5787.31,"end":5787.64},{"text":"sources","start":5787.66,"end":5788.08},{"text":"of","start":5788.09,"end":5788.16},{"text":"international","start":5788.16,"end":5788.8},{"text":"law","start":5788.84,"end":5789.09}]},{"text":"In that context, general principles of law can be applied independently or simultaneously with other rules of international law derived from treaties or custom to interpret or complement them.","start":5789.41,"end":5801.1,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. 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conclude our intervention by congratulating again the ILC for its excellent work and we look forward to continued constructive dialogue.","start":5853.6,"end":5862.32,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":5853.6,"end":5853.72},{"text":"conclude","start":5853.72,"end":5854.13},{"text":"our","start":5854.16,"end":5854.35},{"text":"intervention","start":5854.35,"end":5855.16},{"text":"by","start":5855.44,"end":5855.72},{"text":"congratulating","start":5855.72,"end":5856.6},{"text":"again","start":5856.6,"end":5856.97},{"text":"the","start":5856.97,"end":5857.04},{"text":"ILC","start":5857.06,"end":5857.52},{"text":"for","start":5857.54,"end":5857.68},{"text":"its","start":5857.7,"end":5857.84},{"text":"excellent","start":5857.86,"end":5858.31},{"text":"work","start":5858.32,"end":5858.64},{"text":"and","start":5859.09,"end":5859.21},{"text":"we","start":5859.21,"end":5859.3},{"text":"look","start":5859.3,"end":5859.46},{"text":"forward","start":5859.46,"end":5859.92},{"text":"to","start":5860.11,"end":5860.24},{"text":"continued","start":5860.24,"end":5860.97},{"text":"constructive","start":5861,"end":5861.71},{"text":"dialogue","start":5861.72,"end":5862.32}]},{"text":"I thank you for your attention.","start":5862.55,"end":5863.6,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":5862.55,"end":5862.62},{"text":"thank","start":5862.62,"end":5862.84},{"text":"you","start":5862.84,"end":5862.94},{"text":"for","start":5862.94,"end":5863.08},{"text":"your","start":5863.08,"end":5863.2},{"text":"attention","start":5863.2,"end":5863.6}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"CYP","group":null,"function":null,"affiliation_full":"Cyprus"}},{"statement_number":28,"start":5865.14,"pageUrl":"/zh/ga/c6/81/30?lang=floor&t=1:37:46","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank the distinguished representative of Cyprus for her statement and I give the floor to the distinguished representative of 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welcome that the Commission was able to meet for the full duration of its session this year, as mandated by the General 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comprehensive report before us and successful conclusion of work on important topics, then demonstrate the value providing the commission of providing the Commission with sufficient time and resources to discharge its mandate.","start":5896.84,"end":5909.76,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":5896.84,"end":5896.9},{"text":"comprehensive","start":5896.9,"end":5897.55},{"text":"report","start":5897.55,"end":5897.95},{"text":"before","start":5897.95,"end":5898.32},{"text":"us","start":5898.32,"end":5898.63},{"text":"and","start":5898.76,"end":5898.95},{"text":"successful","start":5898.98,"end":5899.64},{"text":"conclusion","start":5899.64,"end":5900.27},{"text":"of","start":5900.34,"end":5900.51},{"text":"work","start":5900.52,"end":5900.91},{"text":"on","start":5900.91,"end":5901.06},{"text":"important","start":5901.06,"end":5901.63},{"text":"topics","start":5901.64,"end":5902.2},{"text":"then","start":5902.5,"end":5902.66},{"text":"demonstrate","start":5902.66,"end":5903.03},{"text":"the","start":5903.04,"end":5903.13},{"text":"value","start":5903.13,"end":5903.57},{"text":"providing","start":5903.71,"end":5904.29},{"text":"the","start":5904.3,"end":5904.36},{"text":"commission","start":5904.37,"end":5904.71},{"text":"of","start":5904.75,"end":5904.83},{"text":"providing","start":5904.88,"end":5905.33},{"text":"the","start":5905.34,"end":5905.41},{"text":"Commission","start":5905.41,"end":5905.88},{"text":"with","start":5906.15,"end":5906.33},{"text":"sufficient","start":5906.33,"end":5906.8},{"text":"time","start":5906.8,"end":5907.16},{"text":"and","start":5907.19,"end":5907.34},{"text":"resources","start":5907.35,"end":5908.01},{"text":"to","start":5908.23,"end":5908.39},{"text":"discharge","start":5908.39,"end":5908.94},{"text":"its","start":5909.03,"end":5909.21},{"text":"mandate","start":5909.23,"end":5909.76}]},{"text":"The full duration of its sessions should continue to be preserved in the years.","start":5911.52,"end":5915.65,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":5911.52,"end":5911.67},{"text":"full","start":5911.67,"end":5911.93},{"text":"duration","start":5911.93,"end":5912.55},{"text":"of","start":5912.63,"end":5912.82},{"text":"its","start":5912.82,"end":5912.97},{"text":"sessions","start":5912.97,"end":5913.55},{"text":"should","start":5913.71,"end":5913.91},{"text":"continue","start":5913.92,"end":5914.33},{"text":"to","start":5914.33,"end":5914.44},{"text":"be","start":5914.44,"end":5914.55},{"text":"preserved","start":5914.55,"end":5915.08},{"text":"in","start":5915.16,"end":5915.27},{"text":"the","start":5915.28,"end":5915.37},{"text":"years","start":5915.39,"end":5915.65}]},{"text":"ahead.","start":5915.67,"end":5916.11,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"ahead","start":5915.67,"end":5916.11}]},{"text":"At a time when international law faces significant challenges, the work of the Commission remains particularly relevant.","start":5916.95,"end":5923.05,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"At","start":5916.95,"end":5917.07},{"text":"a","start":5917.07,"end":5917.12},{"text":"time","start":5917.13,"end":5917.44},{"text":"when","start":5917.44,"end":5917.59},{"text":"international","start":5917.59,"end":5918.07},{"text":"law","start":5918.07,"end":5918.27},{"text":"faces","start":5918.27,"end":5918.57},{"text":"significant","start":5918.73,"end":5919.31},{"text":"challenges","start":5919.33,"end":5919.97},{"text":"the","start":5920.27,"end":5920.36},{"text":"work","start":5920.37,"end":5920.69},{"text":"of","start":5920.69,"end":5920.78},{"text":"the","start":5920.78,"end":5920.85},{"text":"Commission","start":5920.85,"end":5921.27},{"text":"remains","start":5921.27,"end":5921.7},{"text":"particularly","start":5921.71,"end":5922.43},{"text":"relevant","start":5922.45,"end":5923.05}]},{"text":"Brazil values the dialogue between the sixth committee and the IOC, which helps ensure that the commission's outputs are both legally sound and politically viable.","start":5923.75,"end":5932.54,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Brazil","start":5923.75,"end":5924.03},{"text":"values","start":5924.03,"end":5924.47},{"text":"the","start":5924.47,"end":5924.58},{"text":"dialogue","start":5924.59,"end":5925.07},{"text":"between","start":5925.11,"end":5925.42},{"text":"the","start":5925.42,"end":5925.48},{"text":"sixth","start":5925.49,"end":5925.77},{"text":"committee","start":5925.78,"end":5926.19},{"text":"and","start":5926.24,"end":5926.35},{"text":"the","start":5926.36,"end":5926.45},{"text":"IOC","start":5926.51,"end":5927.09},{"text":"which","start":5927.51,"end":5927.72},{"text":"helps","start":5927.73,"end":5928.13},{"text":"ensure","start":5928.14,"end":5928.57},{"text":"that","start":5928.57,"end":5928.72},{"text":"the","start":5928.72,"end":5928.79},{"text":"commission's","start":5928.79,"end":5929.27},{"text":"outputs","start":5929.28,"end":5929.76},{"text":"are","start":5930.01,"end":5930.12},{"text":"both","start":5930.12,"end":5930.47},{"text":"legally","start":5930.49,"end":5930.87},{"text":"sound","start":5930.87,"end":5931.29},{"text":"and","start":5931.35,"end":5931.49},{"text":"politically","start":5931.51,"end":5932.1},{"text":"viable","start":5932.1,"end":5932.54}]},{"text":"Madam chair, Brazil welcomes the adoption on second reading of the draft articles immunity of state officials from foreign criminal jurisdiction.","start":5933.43,"end":5941.59,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":5933.43,"end":5933.64},{"text":"chair","start":5933.66,"end":5933.93},{"text":"Brazil","start":5934.95,"end":5935.23},{"text":"welcomes","start":5935.23,"end":5935.72},{"text":"the","start":5935.72,"end":5935.79},{"text":"adoption","start":5935.79,"end":5936.23},{"text":"on","start":5936.31,"end":5936.46},{"text":"second","start":5936.47,"end":5936.79},{"text":"reading","start":5936.79,"end":5937.15},{"text":"of","start":5937.21,"end":5937.34},{"text":"the","start":5937.35,"end":5937.44},{"text":"draft","start":5937.45,"end":5937.78},{"text":"articles","start":5937.79,"end":5938.24},{"text":"immunity","start":5938.27,"end":5938.65},{"text":"of","start":5938.65,"end":5938.74},{"text":"state","start":5938.75,"end":5939.03},{"text":"officials","start":5939.03,"end":5939.59},{"text":"from","start":5939.83,"end":5940},{"text":"foreign","start":5940.03,"end":5940.41},{"text":"criminal","start":5940.41,"end":5940.79},{"text":"jurisdiction","start":5940.87,"end":5941.59}]},{"text":"We express our appreciation to the special rapporteur and to all commission members for their efforts to bring the sensitive topic to completion.","start":5942.45,"end":5949.59,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":5942.45,"end":5942.55},{"text":"express","start":5942.55,"end":5943.08},{"text":"our","start":5943.15,"end":5943.26},{"text":"appreciation","start":5943.26,"end":5943.88},{"text":"to","start":5943.88,"end":5943.99},{"text":"the","start":5944,"end":5944.08},{"text":"special","start":5944.09,"end":5944.43},{"text":"rapporteur","start":5944.43,"end":5945.02},{"text":"and","start":5945.31,"end":5945.42},{"text":"to","start":5945.42,"end":5945.56},{"text":"all","start":5945.63,"end":5945.8},{"text":"commission","start":5945.8,"end":5946.21},{"text":"members","start":5946.21,"end":5946.66},{"text":"for","start":5946.67,"end":5946.83},{"text":"their","start":5946.83,"end":5947.03},{"text":"efforts","start":5947.11,"end":5947.43},{"text":"to","start":5947.43,"end":5947.59},{"text":"bring","start":5947.59,"end":5947.81},{"text":"the","start":5947.82,"end":5947.91},{"text":"sensitive","start":5947.91,"end":5948.43},{"text":"topic","start":5948.43,"end":5948.85},{"text":"to","start":5948.87,"end":5949},{"text":"completion","start":5949,"end":5949.59}]},{"text":"We commend the Commission for concluding its work on part four of the draft articles on procedural safeguards.","start":5950.59,"end":5956.51,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":5950.59,"end":5950.73},{"text":"commend","start":5950.73,"end":5951.15},{"text":"the","start":5951.15,"end":5951.23},{"text":"Commission","start":5951.23,"end":5951.73},{"text":"for","start":5951.75,"end":5951.93},{"text":"concluding","start":5951.95,"end":5952.47},{"text":"its","start":5952.47,"end":5952.67},{"text":"work","start":5952.67,"end":5952.99},{"text":"on","start":5952.99,"end":5953.12},{"text":"part","start":5953.12,"end":5953.37},{"text":"four","start":5953.38,"end":5953.89},{"text":"of","start":5953.98,"end":5954.09},{"text":"the","start":5954.11,"end":5954.19},{"text":"draft","start":5954.21,"end":5954.48},{"text":"articles","start":5954.5,"end":5954.95},{"text":"on","start":5955.19,"end":5955.33},{"text":"procedural","start":5955.33,"end":5955.8},{"text":"safeguards","start":5955.8,"end":5956.51}]},{"text":"They are essential to prevent abusive or politically motivated exercise of criminal jurisdiction while preserving accountability.","start":5957.11,"end":5964.64,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"They","start":5957.11,"end":5957.23},{"text":"are","start":5957.23,"end":5957.31},{"text":"essential","start":5957.31,"end":5957.76},{"text":"to","start":5957.76,"end":5957.84},{"text":"prevent","start":5957.87,"end":5958.26},{"text":"abusive","start":5958.27,"end":5958.9},{"text":"or","start":5958.95,"end":5959.14},{"text":"politically","start":5959.15,"end":5959.75},{"text":"motivated","start":5959.76,"end":5960.39},{"text":"exercise","start":5960.44,"end":5961.08},{"text":"of","start":5961.11,"end":5961.26},{"text":"criminal","start":5961.26,"end":5961.62},{"text":"jurisdiction","start":5961.62,"end":5962.27},{"text":"while","start":5962.83,"end":5963.14},{"text":"preserving","start":5963.15,"end":5963.82},{"text":"accountability","start":5963.91,"end":5964.64}]},{"text":"Brazil also welcomes the Commission's resolution of the complex question of exceptions to immunity, ratione materi, identifying the crimes under international law in which respect of which such immunity shall not apply, provides greater legal certainty and predictability.","start":5965.47,"end":5982.41,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Brazil","start":5965.47,"end":5965.81},{"text":"also","start":5965.87,"end":5966.19},{"text":"welcomes","start":5966.19,"end":5966.63},{"text":"the","start":5966.64,"end":5966.71},{"text":"Commission's","start":5966.71,"end":5967.15},{"text":"resolution","start":5967.15,"end":5967.15},{"text":"of","start":5967.79,"end":5967.91},{"text":"the","start":5967.95,"end":5968.01},{"text":"complex","start":5968.01,"end":5968.59},{"text":"question","start":5968.6,"end":5969.03},{"text":"of","start":5969.32,"end":5969.49},{"text":"exceptions","start":5969.51,"end":5970.19},{"text":"to","start":5970.19,"end":5970.32},{"text":"immunity","start":5970.32,"end":5970.8},{"text":"ratione","start":5970.83,"end":5971.24},{"text":"materi","start":5971.24,"end":5971.75},{"text":"identifying","start":5972.64,"end":5973.32},{"text":"the","start":5973.33,"end":5973.39},{"text":"crimes","start":5973.39,"end":5973.86},{"text":"under","start":5973.91,"end":5973.91},{"text":"international","start":5973.91,"end":5974.63},{"text":"law","start":5974.67,"end":5974.87},{"text":"in","start":5975.17,"end":5975.3},{"text":"which","start":5975.32,"end":5975.51},{"text":"respect","start":5975.51,"end":5976.03},{"text":"of","start":5976.08,"end":5976.28},{"text":"which","start":5976.31,"end":5976.51},{"text":"such","start":5976.51,"end":5976.82},{"text":"immunity","start":5976.82,"end":5977.27},{"text":"shall","start":5977.34,"end":5977.59},{"text":"not","start":5977.59,"end":5977.88},{"text":"apply","start":5977.89,"end":5978.38},{"text":"provides","start":5979.48,"end":5980},{"text":"greater","start":5980.03,"end":5980.5},{"text":"legal","start":5980.51,"end":5980.51},{"text":"certainty","start":5980.82,"end":5981.41},{"text":"and","start":5981.48,"end":5981.65},{"text":"predictability","start":5981.67,"end":5982.41}]},{"text":"This provision also sends an important message immunity from jurisdiction should not mean impunity for the most serious international crimes, as the ICJ emphasized in the arrest warrant case.","start":5984.32,"end":5994.71,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":5984.32,"end":5984.5},{"text":"provision","start":5984.51,"end":5984.99},{"text":"also","start":5985.06,"end":5985.31},{"text":"sends","start":5985.31,"end":5985.58},{"text":"an","start":5985.58,"end":5985.65},{"text":"important","start":5985.66,"end":5986.07},{"text":"message","start":5986.07,"end":5986.63},{"text":"immunity","start":5986.95,"end":5987.35},{"text":"from","start":5987.35,"end":5987.53},{"text":"jurisdiction","start":5987.54,"end":5988.12},{"text":"should","start":5988.15,"end":5988.39},{"text":"not","start":5988.4,"end":5988.78},{"text":"mean","start":5988.78,"end":5988.99},{"text":"impunity","start":5989,"end":5989.55},{"text":"for","start":5989.63,"end":5989.84},{"text":"the","start":5989.84,"end":5989.92},{"text":"most","start":5989.92,"end":5990.19},{"text":"serious","start":5990.23,"end":5990.59},{"text":"international","start":5990.59,"end":5991.15},{"text":"crimes","start":5991.15,"end":5991.61},{"text":"as","start":5992.03,"end":5992.19},{"text":"the","start":5992.19,"end":5992.27},{"text":"ICJ","start":5992.27,"end":5992.73},{"text":"emphasized","start":5992.76,"end":5993.4},{"text":"in","start":5993.43,"end":5993.55},{"text":"the","start":5993.55,"end":5993.64},{"text":"arrest","start":5993.64,"end":5993.97},{"text":"warrant","start":5993.98,"end":5994.29},{"text":"case","start":5994.31,"end":5994.71}]},{"text":"We note that the commission ultimately resorted to a vote on this provision departing from its practice of decision making by consensus.","start":5995.75,"end":6002.87,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":5995.75,"end":5995.88},{"text":"note","start":5995.88,"end":5996.23},{"text":"that","start":5996.47,"end":5996.65},{"text":"the","start":5996.65,"end":5996.75},{"text":"commission","start":5996.75,"end":5997.19},{"text":"ultimately","start":5997.24,"end":5997.83},{"text":"resorted","start":5997.84,"end":5998.24},{"text":"to","start":5998.27,"end":5998.46},{"text":"a","start":5998.46,"end":5998.51},{"text":"vote","start":5998.51,"end":5998.98},{"text":"on","start":5999.03,"end":5999.13},{"text":"this","start":5999.13,"end":5999.26},{"text":"provision","start":5999.27,"end":5999.75},{"text":"departing","start":6000.02,"end":6000.46},{"text":"from","start":6000.47,"end":6000.67},{"text":"its","start":6000.67,"end":6000.87},{"text":"practice","start":6000.87,"end":6001.3},{"text":"of","start":6001.31,"end":6001.44},{"text":"decision","start":6001.44,"end":6001.8},{"text":"making","start":6001.81,"end":6002.07},{"text":"by","start":6002.07,"end":6002.2},{"text":"consensus","start":6002.2,"end":6002.87}]},{"text":"Brazil attaches great importance to the commission's tradition of consensus voting should remain exceptional.","start":6003.38,"end":6009.2,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Brazil","start":6003.38,"end":6003.67},{"text":"attaches","start":6003.67,"end":6004.07},{"text":"great","start":6004.08,"end":6004.41},{"text":"importance","start":6004.43,"end":6004.98},{"text":"to","start":6004.98,"end":6005.11},{"text":"the","start":6005.11,"end":6005.19},{"text":"commission's","start":6005.19,"end":6005.59},{"text":"tradition","start":6005.59,"end":6006.15},{"text":"of","start":6006.23,"end":6006.36},{"text":"consensus","start":6006.38,"end":6006.99},{"text":"voting","start":6007.47,"end":6007.91},{"text":"should","start":6007.92,"end":6008.12},{"text":"remain","start":6008.14,"end":6008.51},{"text":"exceptional","start":6008.56,"end":6009.2}]},{"text":"At the same time, consensus cannot become an indefinite obstacle to progress, nor should its absence prevent the Commission from completing its work on a topic of such importance.","start":6010.12,"end":6021.23,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"At","start":6010.12,"end":6010.2},{"text":"the","start":6010.2,"end":6010.26},{"text":"same","start":6010.26,"end":6010.51},{"text":"time","start":6010.52,"end":6010.83},{"text":"consensus","start":6011.07,"end":6011.68},{"text":"cannot","start":6011.75,"end":6012.2},{"text":"become","start":6012.24,"end":6012.69},{"text":"an","start":6012.76,"end":6012.86},{"text":"indefinite","start":6012.86,"end":6013.39},{"text":"obstacle","start":6013.43,"end":6013.94},{"text":"to","start":6013.95,"end":6014.07},{"text":"progress","start":6014.07,"end":6014.66},{"text":"nor","start":6015.31,"end":6015.69},{"text":"should","start":6015.83,"end":6016.12},{"text":"its","start":6016.16,"end":6016.42},{"text":"absence","start":6016.47,"end":6017.04},{"text":"prevent","start":6017.34,"end":6017.86},{"text":"the","start":6017.87,"end":6017.92},{"text":"Commission","start":6017.92,"end":6018.35},{"text":"from","start":6018.35,"end":6018.53},{"text":"completing","start":6018.53,"end":6019.04},{"text":"its","start":6019.04,"end":6019.22},{"text":"work","start":6019.22,"end":6019.55},{"text":"on","start":6019.55,"end":6019.66},{"text":"a","start":6019.7,"end":6019.75},{"text":"topic","start":6019.76,"end":6020.18},{"text":"of","start":6020.24,"end":6020.38},{"text":"such","start":6020.38,"end":6020.63},{"text":"importance","start":6020.63,"end":6021.23}]},{"text":"This outcome may also be seen as an invitation for political guidance from the General Assembly on the way forward.","start":6021.9,"end":6027.19,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":6021.9,"end":6022.1},{"text":"outcome","start":6022.15,"end":6022.58},{"text":"may","start":6022.59,"end":6022.79},{"text":"also","start":6022.83,"end":6023.12},{"text":"be","start":6023.12,"end":6023.23},{"text":"seen","start":6023.23,"end":6023.49},{"text":"as","start":6023.53,"end":6023.66},{"text":"an","start":6023.66,"end":6023.73},{"text":"invitation","start":6023.73,"end":6024.29},{"text":"for","start":6024.3,"end":6024.45},{"text":"political","start":6024.47,"end":6024.9},{"text":"guidance","start":6024.91,"end":6025.31},{"text":"from","start":6025.34,"end":6025.47},{"text":"the","start":6025.47,"end":6025.55},{"text":"General","start":6025.55,"end":6025.83},{"text":"Assembly","start":6025.83,"end":6026.31},{"text":"on","start":6026.39,"end":6026.51},{"text":"the","start":6026.51,"end":6026.58},{"text":"way","start":6026.59,"end":6026.73},{"text":"forward","start":6026.75,"end":6027.19}]},{"text":"Brazil concurs with the Commission's recommendations on the elaboration of a convention on the basis of the draft articles.","start":6028.22,"end":6033.63,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Brazil","start":6028.22,"end":6028.51},{"text":"concurs","start":6028.52,"end":6029.07},{"text":"with","start":6029.09,"end":6029.22},{"text":"the","start":6029.23,"end":6029.28},{"text":"Commission's","start":6029.28,"end":6029.71},{"text":"recommendations","start":6029.71,"end":6030.45},{"text":"on","start":6030.47,"end":6030.59},{"text":"the","start":6030.59,"end":6030.63},{"text":"elaboration","start":6030.63,"end":6031.21},{"text":"of","start":6031.21,"end":6031.29},{"text":"a","start":6031.29,"end":6031.33},{"text":"convention","start":6031.33,"end":6031.92},{"text":"on","start":6032.01,"end":6032.14},{"text":"the","start":6032.14,"end":6032.2},{"text":"basis","start":6032.2,"end":6032.6},{"text":"of","start":6032.6,"end":6032.66},{"text":"the","start":6032.72,"end":6032.79},{"text":"draft","start":6032.79,"end":6033.08},{"text":"articles","start":6033.09,"end":6033.63}]},{"text":"Future negotiations should build on the Commission's work, particularly the balance achieved between state sovereignty and the fight against impunity.","start":6034.24,"end":6041.91,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Future","start":6034.24,"end":6034.6},{"text":"negotiations","start":6034.6,"end":6035.39},{"text":"should","start":6035.45,"end":6035.71},{"text":"build","start":6035.75,"end":6036.02},{"text":"on","start":6036.02,"end":6036.1},{"text":"the","start":6036.1,"end":6036.22},{"text":"Commission's","start":6036.34,"end":6036.82},{"text":"work","start":6036.83,"end":6037.21},{"text":"particularly","start":6037.59,"end":6038.32},{"text":"the","start":6038.33,"end":6038.43},{"text":"balance","start":6038.43,"end":6038.84},{"text":"achieved","start":6038.85,"end":6039.23},{"text":"between","start":6039.23,"end":6039.62},{"text":"state","start":6039.62,"end":6039.93},{"text":"sovereignty","start":6039.95,"end":6040.5},{"text":"and","start":6040.72,"end":6040.82},{"text":"the","start":6040.83,"end":6040.89},{"text":"fight","start":6040.9,"end":6041.19},{"text":"against","start":6041.19,"end":6041.19},{"text":"impunity","start":6041.19,"end":6041.91}]},{"text":"On the commentaries to the draft articles, we note that the cases cited predominantly originate from developed countries.","start":6043.28,"end":6050.46,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"On","start":6043.28,"end":6043.45},{"text":"the","start":6043.47,"end":6043.53},{"text":"commentaries","start":6043.54,"end":6044.21},{"text":"to","start":6044.23,"end":6044.34},{"text":"the","start":6044.34,"end":6044.45},{"text":"draft","start":6044.45,"end":6044.75},{"text":"articles","start":6044.75,"end":6045.3},{"text":"we","start":6045.9,"end":6046.01},{"text":"note","start":6046.01,"end":6046.32},{"text":"that","start":6046.5,"end":6046.66},{"text":"the","start":6046.66,"end":6046.71},{"text":"cases","start":6046.72,"end":6047.14},{"text":"cited","start":6047.38,"end":6047.86},{"text":"predominantly","start":6047.87,"end":6048.58},{"text":"originate","start":6048.62,"end":6049.21},{"text":"from","start":6049.22,"end":6049.42},{"text":"developed","start":6049.42,"end":6049.84},{"text":"countries","start":6049.85,"end":6050.46}]},{"text":"This limits the extent to which they reflect the diversity of state practice.","start":6051.28,"end":6055.26,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":6051.28,"end":6051.75},{"text":"limits","start":6051.78,"end":6052.23},{"text":"the","start":6052.26,"end":6052.36},{"text":"extent","start":6052.36,"end":6052.74},{"text":"to","start":6052.74,"end":6052.9},{"text":"which","start":6052.9,"end":6053.1},{"text":"they","start":6053.12,"end":6053.27},{"text":"reflect","start":6053.27,"end":6053.69},{"text":"the","start":6053.69,"end":6053.74},{"text":"diversity","start":6053.75,"end":6054.32},{"text":"of","start":6054.33,"end":6054.42},{"text":"state","start":6054.42,"end":6054.66},{"text":"practice","start":6054.69,"end":6055.26}]},{"text":"Brazil encouraged the Commission to draw on a more balanced range of national judicial decisions and legislation reflecting different regions and legal systems Madam chair turning to the topic of general principles principles of law, Brazil thanks the special rapporteur and the members of the Commission for their work and commends the adoption of the draft conclusions on second reading.","start":6055.93,"end":6079.18,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"Brazil","start":6055.93,"end":6056.26},{"text":"encouraged","start":6056.26,"end":6056.78},{"text":"the","start":6056.82,"end":6056.87},{"text":"Commission","start":6056.87,"end":6057.3},{"text":"to","start":6057.3,"end":6057.43},{"text":"draw","start":6057.43,"end":6057.8},{"text":"on","start":6058.1,"end":6058.25},{"text":"a","start":6058.25,"end":6058.28},{"text":"more","start":6058.3,"end":6058.59},{"text":"balanced","start":6058.59,"end":6059.01},{"text":"range","start":6059.02,"end":6059.9},{"text":"of","start":6059.94,"end":6060.1},{"text":"national","start":6060.11,"end":6060.71},{"text":"judicial","start":6061.03,"end":6061.5},{"text":"decisions","start":6061.5,"end":6062.08},{"text":"and","start":6062.14,"end":6062.34},{"text":"legislation","start":6062.37,"end":6063.04},{"text":"reflecting","start":6063.44,"end":6064.02},{"text":"different","start":6064.06,"end":6064.41},{"text":"regions","start":6064.42,"end":6064.85},{"text":"and","start":6064.92,"end":6065.02},{"text":"legal","start":6065.04,"end":6065.29},{"text":"systems","start":6065.3,"end":6065.85},{"text":"Madam","start":6066.97,"end":6067.22},{"text":"chair","start":6067.23,"end":6067.53},{"text":"turning","start":6068.58,"end":6068.91},{"text":"to","start":6068.92,"end":6069.02},{"text":"the","start":6069.02,"end":6069.1},{"text":"topic","start":6069.1,"end":6069.5},{"text":"of","start":6069.5,"end":6069.6},{"text":"general","start":6069.61,"end":6069.92},{"text":"principles","start":6069.93,"end":6070.49},{"text":"principles","start":6070.49,"end":6070.97},{"text":"of","start":6070.97,"end":6071.07},{"text":"law","start":6071.1,"end":6071.38},{"text":"Brazil","start":6071.82,"end":6072.14},{"text":"thanks","start":6072.14,"end":6072.5},{"text":"the","start":6072.54,"end":6072.62},{"text":"special","start":6072.62,"end":6073.05},{"text":"rapporteur","start":6073.05,"end":6073.67},{"text":"and","start":6074.12,"end":6074.29},{"text":"the","start":6074.29,"end":6074.35},{"text":"members","start":6074.35,"end":6074.64},{"text":"of","start":6074.64,"end":6074.73},{"text":"the","start":6074.74,"end":6074.82},{"text":"Commission","start":6074.82,"end":6075.21},{"text":"for","start":6075.21,"end":6075.35},{"text":"their","start":6075.35,"end":6075.48},{"text":"work","start":6075.51,"end":6075.89},{"text":"and","start":6075.98,"end":6076.1},{"text":"commends","start":6076.1,"end":6076.46},{"text":"the","start":6076.46,"end":6076.54},{"text":"adoption","start":6076.54,"end":6076.95},{"text":"of","start":6076.96,"end":6077.1},{"text":"the","start":6077.1,"end":6077.18},{"text":"draft","start":6077.19,"end":6077.5},{"text":"conclusions","start":6077.57,"end":6078.3},{"text":"on","start":6078.35,"end":6078.49},{"text":"second","start":6078.49,"end":6078.82},{"text":"reading","start":6078.83,"end":6079.18}]},{"text":"Brazil understands that the principles of international law are reflected in treaty and customer law.","start":6080.16,"end":6085.01,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"Brazil","start":6080.16,"end":6080.45},{"text":"understands","start":6080.47,"end":6081.24},{"text":"that","start":6081.38,"end":6081.54},{"text":"the","start":6081.54,"end":6081.6},{"text":"principles","start":6081.6,"end":6082.06},{"text":"of","start":6082.07,"end":6082.19},{"text":"international","start":6082.2,"end":6082.71},{"text":"law","start":6082.71,"end":6082.92},{"text":"are","start":6082.98,"end":6083.06},{"text":"reflected","start":6083.06,"end":6083.57},{"text":"in","start":6083.57,"end":6083.69},{"text":"treaty","start":6083.69,"end":6084.07},{"text":"and","start":6084.1,"end":6084.24},{"text":"customer","start":6084.24,"end":6084.64},{"text":"law","start":6084.78,"end":6085.01}]},{"text":"While acknowledging the divergent views among states and among members of the commission on this topic, my delegation would not be opposed in principle to consider them as general principles of law, given their distinctive nature and their interpretative and systemic value.","start":6085.91,"end":6099.98,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"While","start":6085.91,"end":6086.15},{"text":"acknowledging","start":6086.15,"end":6086.82},{"text":"the","start":6086.86,"end":6086.95},{"text":"divergent","start":6086.95,"end":6087.5},{"text":"views","start":6087.5,"end":6087.82},{"text":"among","start":6087.82,"end":6088.1},{"text":"states","start":6088.1,"end":6088.56},{"text":"and","start":6088.62,"end":6088.75},{"text":"among","start":6088.75,"end":6088.98},{"text":"members","start":6089.01,"end":6089.32},{"text":"of","start":6089.32,"end":6089.4},{"text":"the","start":6089.42,"end":6089.47},{"text":"commission","start":6089.47,"end":6089.87},{"text":"on","start":6089.87,"end":6089.96},{"text":"this","start":6089.97,"end":6090.07},{"text":"topic","start":6090.1,"end":6090.58},{"text":"my","start":6090.98,"end":6091.11},{"text":"delegation","start":6091.12,"end":6091.54},{"text":"would","start":6091.57,"end":6091.71},{"text":"not","start":6091.71,"end":6091.93},{"text":"be","start":6091.94,"end":6092.04},{"text":"opposed","start":6092.04,"end":6092.37},{"text":"in","start":6092.38,"end":6092.49},{"text":"principle","start":6092.49,"end":6092.98},{"text":"to","start":6093.14,"end":6093.28},{"text":"consider","start":6093.28,"end":6093.78},{"text":"them","start":6093.82,"end":6094.11},{"text":"as","start":6094.24,"end":6094.38},{"text":"general","start":6094.42,"end":6094.78},{"text":"principles","start":6094.79,"end":6095.31},{"text":"of","start":6095.31,"end":6095.44},{"text":"law","start":6095.44,"end":6095.67},{"text":"given","start":6096.12,"end":6096.46},{"text":"their","start":6096.46,"end":6096.76},{"text":"distinctive","start":6096.77,"end":6097.28},{"text":"nature","start":6097.28,"end":6097.65},{"text":"and","start":6097.82,"end":6097.95},{"text":"their","start":6097.98,"end":6098.17},{"text":"interpretative","start":6098.18,"end":6098.93},{"text":"and","start":6098.98,"end":6099.1},{"text":"systemic","start":6099.1,"end":6099.59},{"text":"value","start":6099.6,"end":6099.98}]},{"text":"General principles of law perform a crucial function in international law, whether derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system, they contribute to its cohesion and coherence.","start":6101.18,"end":6114.31,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"General","start":6101.18,"end":6101.51},{"text":"principles","start":6101.52,"end":6102.07},{"text":"of","start":6102.1,"end":6102.24},{"text":"law","start":6102.24,"end":6102.56},{"text":"perform","start":6102.74,"end":6103.25},{"text":"a","start":6103.3,"end":6103.4},{"text":"crucial","start":6103.42,"end":6104.02},{"text":"function","start":6104.02,"end":6104.53},{"text":"in","start":6104.58,"end":6104.7},{"text":"international","start":6104.7,"end":6105.26},{"text":"law","start":6105.26,"end":6105.44},{"text":"whether","start":6106.23,"end":6106.64},{"text":"derived","start":6106.64,"end":6107.08},{"text":"from","start":6107.1,"end":6107.31},{"text":"national","start":6107.31,"end":6107.72},{"text":"legal","start":6107.73,"end":6108},{"text":"systems","start":6108,"end":6108.54},{"text":"or","start":6109.03,"end":6109.17},{"text":"formed","start":6109.17,"end":6109.62},{"text":"within","start":6109.62,"end":6110.01},{"text":"the","start":6110.01,"end":6110.1},{"text":"international","start":6110.1,"end":6110.65},{"text":"legal","start":6110.7,"end":6110.93},{"text":"system","start":6110.94,"end":6111.36},{"text":"they","start":6111.83,"end":6111.98},{"text":"contribute","start":6111.98,"end":6112.54},{"text":"to","start":6112.54,"end":6112.72},{"text":"its","start":6112.72,"end":6112.91},{"text":"cohesion","start":6112.92,"end":6113.46},{"text":"and","start":6113.52,"end":6113.65},{"text":"coherence","start":6113.67,"end":6114.31}]},{"text":"As the Brazilian jurist and former judge of the International Court of Justice, Antonio Cansado Angus Augusto Cansado Trindade, once observed without principles, there is truly no legal system.","start":6115.19,"end":6127.46,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":6115.19,"end":6115.35},{"text":"the","start":6115.36,"end":6115.42},{"text":"Brazilian","start":6115.44,"end":6115.85},{"text":"jurist","start":6115.85,"end":6116.41},{"text":"and","start":6116.82,"end":6116.98},{"text":"former","start":6116.98,"end":6117.39},{"text":"judge","start":6117.39,"end":6117.86},{"text":"of","start":6118.01,"end":6118.15},{"text":"the","start":6118.15,"end":6118.24},{"text":"International","start":6118.24,"end":6118.77},{"text":"Court","start":6118.77,"end":6119.02},{"text":"of","start":6119.02,"end":6119.11},{"text":"Justice","start":6119.11,"end":6119.58},{"text":"Antonio","start":6119.62,"end":6120.06},{"text":"Cansado","start":6120.06,"end":6120.06},{"text":"Angus","start":6120.46,"end":6120.79},{"text":"Augusto","start":6120.8,"end":6120.8},{"text":"Cansado","start":6121.32,"end":6121.7},{"text":"Trindade","start":6121.72,"end":6122.26},{"text":"once","start":6122.32,"end":6122.64},{"text":"observed","start":6122.64,"end":6123.21},{"text":"without","start":6124.08,"end":6124.5},{"text":"principles","start":6124.5,"end":6125.1},{"text":"there","start":6125.5,"end":6125.66},{"text":"is","start":6125.69,"end":6125.82},{"text":"truly","start":6125.83,"end":6126.28},{"text":"no","start":6126.46,"end":6126.7},{"text":"legal","start":6126.74,"end":6127.03},{"text":"system","start":6127.04,"end":6127.46}]},{"text":"Brazil supports the commission's recommendation that the draft conclusions and commentaries be taken note of by the General Assembly and annexed to a future.","start":6128.93,"end":6136.29,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Brazil","start":6128.93,"end":6129.22},{"text":"supports","start":6129.22,"end":6129.74},{"text":"the","start":6129.74,"end":6129.83},{"text":"commission's","start":6129.83,"end":6130.23},{"text":"recommendation","start":6130.23,"end":6130.99},{"text":"that","start":6131.08,"end":6131.26},{"text":"the","start":6131.3,"end":6131.36},{"text":"draft","start":6131.36,"end":6131.66},{"text":"conclusions","start":6131.67,"end":6132.21},{"text":"and","start":6132.21,"end":6132.33},{"text":"commentaries","start":6132.34,"end":6132.98},{"text":"be","start":6132.99,"end":6133.08},{"text":"taken","start":6133.1,"end":6133.43},{"text":"note","start":6133.45,"end":6133.7},{"text":"of","start":6133.7,"end":6134.01},{"text":"by","start":6134.37,"end":6134.52},{"text":"the","start":6134.52,"end":6134.61},{"text":"General","start":6134.92,"end":6134.92},{"text":"Assembly","start":6134.92,"end":6135.46},{"text":"and","start":6135.56,"end":6135.71},{"text":"annexed","start":6135.72,"end":6136.11},{"text":"to","start":6136.12,"end":6136.26},{"text":"a","start":6136.26,"end":6136.29},{"text":"future","start":6136.29,"end":6136.29}]},{"text":"a future resolution.","start":6136.29,"end":6137.3,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"a","start":6136.29,"end":6136.33},{"text":"future","start":6136.33,"end":6136.7},{"text":"resolution","start":6136.7,"end":6137.3}]},{"text":"The draft conclusions provide useful guidance on the identification and application of general principles of law and are likely to serve as an important point of reference for states, international courts and tribunals and other practitioners of international law.","start":6137.92,"end":6151.79,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":6137.92,"end":6138.01},{"text":"draft","start":6138.03,"end":6138.34},{"text":"conclusions","start":6138.35,"end":6138.89},{"text":"provide","start":6138.9,"end":6139.3},{"text":"useful","start":6139.31,"end":6139.71},{"text":"guidance","start":6139.73,"end":6140.17},{"text":"on","start":6140.22,"end":6140.34},{"text":"the","start":6140.34,"end":6140.4},{"text":"identification","start":6140.4,"end":6141.1},{"text":"and","start":6141.14,"end":6141.26},{"text":"application","start":6141.26,"end":6141.84},{"text":"of","start":6141.9,"end":6142.04},{"text":"general","start":6142.06,"end":6142.38},{"text":"principles","start":6142.38,"end":6142.88},{"text":"of","start":6142.88,"end":6143.01},{"text":"law","start":6143.02,"end":6143.32},{"text":"and","start":6143.84,"end":6143.97},{"text":"are","start":6143.98,"end":6144.14},{"text":"likely","start":6144.15,"end":6144.62},{"text":"to","start":6144.62,"end":6144.74},{"text":"serve","start":6144.75,"end":6145.07},{"text":"as","start":6145.1,"end":6145.26},{"text":"an","start":6145.26,"end":6145.33},{"text":"important","start":6145.33,"end":6145.81},{"text":"point","start":6145.82,"end":6146.04},{"text":"of","start":6146.04,"end":6146.14},{"text":"reference","start":6146.14,"end":6146.71},{"text":"for","start":6146.95,"end":6147.14},{"text":"states","start":6147.18,"end":6147.72},{"text":"international","start":6147.98,"end":6148.56},{"text":"courts","start":6148.57,"end":6148.85},{"text":"and","start":6148.85,"end":6148.93},{"text":"tribunals","start":6148.93,"end":6149.47},{"text":"and","start":6149.78,"end":6149.94},{"text":"other","start":6149.94,"end":6150.16},{"text":"practitioners","start":6150.16,"end":6150.85},{"text":"of","start":6150.9,"end":6151.04},{"text":"international","start":6151.05,"end":6151.58},{"text":"law","start":6151.58,"end":6151.79}]},{"text":"General principles not only guide the interpretation and application of other rules of international law, as recognized by the Commission, they may also inform and in some cases help determine the content of customary international law.","start":6153.02,"end":6164.8,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"General","start":6153.02,"end":6153.32},{"text":"principles","start":6153.32,"end":6153.84},{"text":"not","start":6153.84,"end":6154.04},{"text":"only","start":6154.04,"end":6154.26},{"text":"guide","start":6154.26,"end":6154.58},{"text":"the","start":6154.58,"end":6154.62},{"text":"interpretation","start":6154.62,"end":6155.22},{"text":"and","start":6155.22,"end":6155.31},{"text":"application","start":6155.32,"end":6155.78},{"text":"of","start":6155.78,"end":6155.91},{"text":"other","start":6155.94,"end":6156.18},{"text":"rules","start":6156.19,"end":6156.45},{"text":"of","start":6156.45,"end":6156.55},{"text":"international","start":6156.55,"end":6157.03},{"text":"law","start":6157.03,"end":6157.19},{"text":"as","start":6157.84,"end":6158.02},{"text":"recognized","start":6158.02,"end":6158.58},{"text":"by","start":6158.59,"end":6158.72},{"text":"the","start":6158.72,"end":6158.8},{"text":"Commission","start":6158.8,"end":6159.32},{"text":"they","start":6159.66,"end":6159.78},{"text":"may","start":6159.78,"end":6159.98},{"text":"also","start":6160.02,"end":6160.31},{"text":"inform","start":6160.31,"end":6160.75},{"text":"and","start":6160.82,"end":6160.82},{"text":"in","start":6160.82,"end":6160.98},{"text":"some","start":6161,"end":6161.22},{"text":"cases","start":6161.23,"end":6161.66},{"text":"help","start":6161.86,"end":6162.16},{"text":"determine","start":6162.16,"end":6162.65},{"text":"the","start":6162.7,"end":6162.8},{"text":"content","start":6162.8,"end":6163.34},{"text":"of","start":6163.38,"end":6163.53},{"text":"customary","start":6163.54,"end":6164.06},{"text":"international","start":6164.07,"end":6164.6},{"text":"law","start":6164.6,"end":6164.8}]},{"text":"We particularly appreciate the reference in the report to the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities.","start":6165.54,"end":6173.06,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":6165.54,"end":6165.65},{"text":"particularly","start":6165.65,"end":6166.37},{"text":"appreciate","start":6166.37,"end":6166.97},{"text":"the","start":6166.98,"end":6167.07},{"text":"reference","start":6167.09,"end":6167.52},{"text":"in","start":6167.52,"end":6167.61},{"text":"the","start":6167.61,"end":6167.66},{"text":"report","start":6167.66,"end":6168.14},{"text":"to","start":6168.38,"end":6168.49},{"text":"the","start":6168.5,"end":6168.58},{"text":"principle","start":6168.58,"end":6169.06},{"text":"of","start":6169.06,"end":6169.18},{"text":"common","start":6169.19,"end":6169.6},{"text":"but","start":6169.61,"end":6169.84},{"text":"differentiated","start":6169.86,"end":6170.68},{"text":"responsibilities","start":6170.68,"end":6171.54},{"text":"and","start":6171.6,"end":6171.73},{"text":"respective","start":6171.74,"end":6172.22},{"text":"capabilities","start":6172.26,"end":6173.06}]},{"text":"This example illustrates how general principles may shape the development and application of international law.","start":6173.78,"end":6179.22,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":6173.78,"end":6174},{"text":"example","start":6174,"end":6174.64},{"text":"illustrates","start":6174.69,"end":6175.34},{"text":"how","start":6175.38,"end":6175.62},{"text":"general","start":6175.62,"end":6175.99},{"text":"principles","start":6175.99,"end":6176.5},{"text":"may","start":6176.5,"end":6176.65},{"text":"shape","start":6176.66,"end":6176.98},{"text":"the","start":6176.98,"end":6177.06},{"text":"development","start":6177.06,"end":6177.57},{"text":"and","start":6177.62,"end":6177.78},{"text":"application","start":6177.78,"end":6178.3},{"text":"of","start":6178.35,"end":6178.51},{"text":"international","start":6178.51,"end":6179.02},{"text":"law","start":6179.03,"end":6179.22}]},{"text":"This brings us to another topic under this cluster, sea level rise.","start":6180.26,"end":6184,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":6180.26,"end":6180.46},{"text":"brings","start":6180.47,"end":6180.78},{"text":"us","start":6180.78,"end":6180.97},{"text":"to","start":6181.01,"end":6181.14},{"text":"another","start":6181.14,"end":6181.45},{"text":"topic","start":6181.45,"end":6181.91},{"text":"under","start":6181.97,"end":6182.23},{"text":"this","start":6182.23,"end":6182.4},{"text":"cluster","start":6182.41,"end":6182.86},{"text":"sea","start":6183.22,"end":6183.4},{"text":"level","start":6183.52,"end":6183.63},{"text":"rise","start":6183.65,"end":6184}]},{"text":"Brazil attaches particular importance to this issue and reiterates its appreciation to the members of the study group study group for their work on this complex and consequential topic.","start":6184.71,"end":6195.14,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Brazil","start":6184.71,"end":6185.05},{"text":"attaches","start":6185.06,"end":6185.57},{"text":"particular","start":6185.57,"end":6185.57},{"text":"importance","start":6185.57,"end":6186.82},{"text":"to","start":6186.86,"end":6187},{"text":"this","start":6187.01,"end":6187.25},{"text":"issue","start":6187.25,"end":6187.54},{"text":"and","start":6188.06,"end":6188.19},{"text":"reiterates","start":6188.22,"end":6188.62},{"text":"its","start":6188.96,"end":6189.17},{"text":"appreciation","start":6189.17,"end":6189.82},{"text":"to","start":6189.82,"end":6189.94},{"text":"the","start":6189.94,"end":6190.02},{"text":"members","start":6190.02,"end":6190.39},{"text":"of","start":6190.39,"end":6190.47},{"text":"the","start":6190.48,"end":6190.56},{"text":"study","start":6190.58,"end":6190.86},{"text":"group","start":6190.86,"end":6191.18},{"text":"study","start":6191.18,"end":6191.46},{"text":"group","start":6191.46,"end":6191.79},{"text":"for","start":6192.14,"end":6192.32},{"text":"their","start":6192.32,"end":6192.54},{"text":"work","start":6192.54,"end":6192.94},{"text":"on","start":6192.97,"end":6193.1},{"text":"this","start":6193.1,"end":6193.22},{"text":"complex","start":6193.22,"end":6193.82},{"text":"and","start":6193.86,"end":6193.99},{"text":"consequential","start":6194,"end":6194.63},{"text":"topic","start":6194.66,"end":6195.14}]},{"text":"As Brazil has emphasized in previous debates, the legal challenges arising from civil from sea level rise must be addressed in accordance with the fundamental principles of sovereign equality, self determination, non intervention and international cooperation.","start":6196.12,"end":6209.87,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":6196.12,"end":6196.26},{"text":"Brazil","start":6196.29,"end":6196.57},{"text":"has","start":6196.58,"end":6196.73},{"text":"emphasized","start":6196.73,"end":6197.29},{"text":"in","start":6197.3,"end":6197.41},{"text":"previous","start":6197.42,"end":6197.74},{"text":"debates","start":6197.75,"end":6198.24},{"text":"the","start":6198.54,"end":6198.65},{"text":"legal","start":6198.65,"end":6198.95},{"text":"challenges","start":6198.97,"end":6199.58},{"text":"arising","start":6199.6,"end":6200.01},{"text":"from","start":6200.02,"end":6200.18},{"text":"civil","start":6200.18,"end":6200.44},{"text":"from","start":6200.78,"end":6201.11},{"text":"sea","start":6201.11,"end":6201.26},{"text":"level","start":6201.27,"end":6201.5},{"text":"rise","start":6201.5,"end":6201.5},{"text":"must","start":6202.23,"end":6202.46},{"text":"be","start":6202.46,"end":6202.58},{"text":"addressed","start":6202.58,"end":6203.05},{"text":"in","start":6203.06,"end":6203.22},{"text":"accordance","start":6203.22,"end":6203.8},{"text":"with","start":6203.88,"end":6204.03},{"text":"the","start":6204.03,"end":6204.11},{"text":"fundamental","start":6204.11,"end":6204.63},{"text":"principles","start":6204.64,"end":6205.16},{"text":"of","start":6205.18,"end":6205.34},{"text":"sovereign","start":6205.36,"end":6205.73},{"text":"equality","start":6205.74,"end":6206.22},{"text":"self","start":6206.5,"end":6206.74},{"text":"determination","start":6206.75,"end":6207.47},{"text":"non","start":6207.74,"end":6207.93},{"text":"intervention","start":6207.93,"end":6208.51},{"text":"and","start":6208.55,"end":6208.69},{"text":"international","start":6208.69,"end":6209.17},{"text":"cooperation","start":6209.18,"end":6209.87}]},{"text":"Given the close relation between sea level rise and climate change, Brazil also highlights the importance of the principles of equity and of common but different differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities as affirmed by the ICJ in its advisory opinion on the obligations of states in respect of climate change, the CBDRC is a core guiding principle for the implementation of climate treaties.","start":6210.56,"end":6233.78,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"Given","start":6210.56,"end":6210.89},{"text":"the","start":6210.9,"end":6210.96},{"text":"close","start":6210.98,"end":6211.41},{"text":"relation","start":6211.42,"end":6211.93},{"text":"between","start":6211.94,"end":6212.37},{"text":"sea","start":6212.59,"end":6212.86},{"text":"level","start":6213.02,"end":6213.13},{"text":"rise","start":6213.14,"end":6213.44},{"text":"and","start":6213.48,"end":6213.59},{"text":"climate","start":6213.59,"end":6213.94},{"text":"change","start":6213.97,"end":6214.42},{"text":"Brazil","start":6214.69,"end":6214.98},{"text":"also","start":6215.06,"end":6215.37},{"text":"highlights","start":6215.38,"end":6215.8},{"text":"the","start":6215.8,"end":6215.86},{"text":"importance","start":6215.86,"end":6216.41},{"text":"of","start":6216.43,"end":6216.56},{"text":"the","start":6216.56,"end":6216.63},{"text":"principles","start":6216.63,"end":6217.11},{"text":"of","start":6217.12,"end":6217.26},{"text":"equity","start":6217.3,"end":6217.73},{"text":"and","start":6218.16,"end":6218.3},{"text":"of","start":6218.3,"end":6218.49},{"text":"common","start":6218.5,"end":6218.9},{"text":"but","start":6218.91,"end":6219.06},{"text":"different","start":6219.1,"end":6219.1},{"text":"differentiated","start":6219.5,"end":6220.22},{"text":"responsibilities","start":6220.22,"end":6220.97},{"text":"and","start":6221.25,"end":6221.45},{"text":"respective","start":6221.46,"end":6221.9},{"text":"capabilities","start":6221.98,"end":6222.72},{"text":"as","start":6223.35,"end":6223.55},{"text":"affirmed","start":6223.55,"end":6223.88},{"text":"by","start":6223.9,"end":6224.03},{"text":"the","start":6224.05,"end":6224.14},{"text":"ICJ","start":6224.15,"end":6224.58},{"text":"in","start":6224.62,"end":6224.73},{"text":"its","start":6224.73,"end":6224.89},{"text":"advisory","start":6224.89,"end":6225.35},{"text":"opinion","start":6225.36,"end":6225.73},{"text":"on","start":6225.79,"end":6225.93},{"text":"the","start":6225.94,"end":6226.01},{"text":"obligations","start":6226.01,"end":6226.53},{"text":"of","start":6226.53,"end":6226.62},{"text":"states","start":6226.62,"end":6227.08},{"text":"in","start":6227.11,"end":6227.19},{"text":"respect","start":6227.2,"end":6227.63},{"text":"of","start":6227.64,"end":6227.76},{"text":"climate","start":6227.76,"end":6228.09},{"text":"change","start":6228.09,"end":6228.51},{"text":"the","start":6229.02,"end":6229.13},{"text":"CBDRC","start":6229.14,"end":6230.22},{"text":"is","start":6230.31,"end":6230.46},{"text":"a","start":6230.49,"end":6230.57},{"text":"core","start":6230.57,"end":6231.02},{"text":"guiding","start":6231.02,"end":6231.33},{"text":"principle","start":6231.35,"end":6231.81},{"text":"for","start":6232.01,"end":6232.21},{"text":"the","start":6232.21,"end":6232.29},{"text":"implementation","start":6232.29,"end":6232.91},{"text":"of","start":6232.91,"end":6233.01},{"text":"climate","start":6233.01,"end":6233.01},{"text":"treaties","start":6233.01,"end":6233.78}]},{"text":"It ensures that equitable distribution of burdens and acknowledges the historical responsibility of developers.","start":6234.37,"end":6240.64,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":6234.37,"end":6234.5},{"text":"ensures","start":6234.5,"end":6234.97},{"text":"that","start":6234.97,"end":6235.13},{"text":"equitable","start":6235.17,"end":6235.67},{"text":"distribution","start":6235.67,"end":6236.25},{"text":"of","start":6236.25,"end":6236.33},{"text":"burdens","start":6236.34,"end":6236.83},{"text":"and","start":6236.9,"end":6237.03},{"text":"acknowledges","start":6237.03,"end":6237.64},{"text":"the","start":6237.69,"end":6237.85},{"text":"historical","start":6237.94,"end":6238.97},{"text":"responsibility","start":6238.97,"end":6239.81},{"text":"of","start":6240.09,"end":6240.26},{"text":"developers","start":6240.36,"end":6240.64}]},{"text":"developed states of developed states, in particular for climate finance.","start":6240.64,"end":6245.18,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"developed","start":6240.64,"end":6240.73},{"text":"states","start":6240.76,"end":6241.27},{"text":"of","start":6241.41,"end":6241.69},{"text":"developed","start":6241.71,"end":6242.13},{"text":"states","start":6242.13,"end":6242.61},{"text":"in","start":6243.25,"end":6243.42},{"text":"particular","start":6243.42,"end":6244.05},{"text":"for","start":6244.16,"end":6244.32},{"text":"climate","start":6244.32,"end":6244.69},{"text":"finance","start":6244.71,"end":6245.18}]},{"text":"Brazil notes with regret that despite the efforts of a significant number of delegations, it was not possible to reflect in the high level declaration on sea level rise, an explicit reference to the principle of CBDRC.","start":6246.17,"end":6258.41,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"Brazil","start":6246.17,"end":6246.49},{"text":"notes","start":6246.52,"end":6246.81},{"text":"with","start":6246.81,"end":6246.95},{"text":"regret","start":6246.95,"end":6247.49},{"text":"that","start":6247.77,"end":6247.93},{"text":"despite","start":6247.93,"end":6248.34},{"text":"the","start":6248.34,"end":6248.47},{"text":"efforts","start":6248.47,"end":6248.9},{"text":"of","start":6248.95,"end":6249.08},{"text":"a","start":6249.08,"end":6249.1},{"text":"significant","start":6249.1,"end":6249.73},{"text":"number","start":6249.73,"end":6249.98},{"text":"of","start":6250,"end":6250.09},{"text":"delegations","start":6250.09,"end":6250.79},{"text":"it","start":6251.11,"end":6251.18},{"text":"was","start":6251.19,"end":6251.33},{"text":"not","start":6251.34,"end":6251.52},{"text":"possible","start":6251.53,"end":6251.94},{"text":"to","start":6251.94,"end":6252.03},{"text":"reflect","start":6252.05,"end":6252.57},{"text":"in","start":6252.62,"end":6252.73},{"text":"the","start":6252.73,"end":6252.8},{"text":"high","start":6252.81,"end":6253.02},{"text":"level","start":6253.02,"end":6253.28},{"text":"declaration","start":6253.28,"end":6253.28},{"text":"on","start":6253.87,"end":6253.96},{"text":"sea","start":6253.97,"end":6254.09},{"text":"level","start":6254.11,"end":6254.35},{"text":"rise","start":6254.35,"end":6254.72},{"text":"an","start":6255.03,"end":6255.16},{"text":"explicit","start":6255.18,"end":6255.68},{"text":"reference","start":6255.7,"end":6256.22},{"text":"to","start":6256.23,"end":6256.34},{"text":"the","start":6256.34,"end":6256.43},{"text":"principle","start":6256.45,"end":6256.94},{"text":"of","start":6257.33,"end":6257.47},{"text":"CBDRC","start":6257.49,"end":6258.41}]},{"text":"This omission does not diminish this principle status as a foundational principle of international environmental law, nor does weaken Brazil's commitment to uphold it in all relevant fora.","start":6259.53,"end":6269.97,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":6259.53,"end":6259.69},{"text":"omission","start":6259.71,"end":6260.02},{"text":"does","start":6260.02,"end":6260.17},{"text":"not","start":6260.18,"end":6260.41},{"text":"diminish","start":6260.41,"end":6260.99},{"text":"this","start":6261.49,"end":6261.68},{"text":"principle","start":6261.69,"end":6262.08},{"text":"status","start":6262.11,"end":6262.68},{"text":"as","start":6262.75,"end":6262.89},{"text":"a","start":6262.89,"end":6262.93},{"text":"foundational","start":6262.94,"end":6263.53},{"text":"principle","start":6263.53,"end":6264.01},{"text":"of","start":6264.05,"end":6264.23},{"text":"international","start":6264.23,"end":6264.65},{"text":"environmental","start":6264.65,"end":6265.19},{"text":"law","start":6265.2,"end":6265.46},{"text":"nor","start":6265.87,"end":6266.08},{"text":"does","start":6266.09,"end":6266.3},{"text":"weaken","start":6266.33,"end":6266.64},{"text":"Brazil's","start":6266.75,"end":6267.09},{"text":"commitment","start":6267.09,"end":6267.52},{"text":"to","start":6267.53,"end":6267.68},{"text":"uphold","start":6267.97,"end":6268.45},{"text":"it","start":6268.45,"end":6268.63},{"text":"in","start":6268.7,"end":6268.85},{"text":"all","start":6268.89,"end":6269.14},{"text":"relevant","start":6269.14,"end":6269.61},{"text":"fora","start":6269.61,"end":6269.97}]},{"text":"We trust that future deliberations will allow for more comprehensive and equitable articulation of the responsibilities at stake.","start":6270.53,"end":6277.82,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":6270.53,"end":6270.63},{"text":"trust","start":6270.65,"end":6271},{"text":"that","start":6271.01,"end":6271.17},{"text":"future","start":6271.17,"end":6271.54},{"text":"deliberations","start":6271.54,"end":6272.25},{"text":"will","start":6272.46,"end":6272.61},{"text":"allow","start":6272.61,"end":6272.93},{"text":"for","start":6272.93,"end":6273.14},{"text":"more","start":6273.33,"end":6273.6},{"text":"comprehensive","start":6273.61,"end":6274.35},{"text":"and","start":6274.41,"end":6274.57},{"text":"equitable","start":6274.62,"end":6275.17},{"text":"articulation","start":6275.19,"end":6275.97},{"text":"of","start":6276.29,"end":6276.41},{"text":"the","start":6276.41,"end":6276.49},{"text":"responsibilities","start":6276.49,"end":6277.24},{"text":"at","start":6277.29,"end":6277.43},{"text":"stake","start":6277.43,"end":6277.82}]},{"text":"Brazil reiterates the views it has expressed in previous years on questions relating to the law of the sea, statehood, and the protection of persons affected by sea level rise.","start":6278.93,"end":6287.89,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"Brazil","start":6278.93,"end":6279.29},{"text":"reiterates","start":6279.35,"end":6280.01},{"text":"the","start":6280.01,"end":6280.11},{"text":"views","start":6280.11,"end":6280.49},{"text":"it","start":6280.62,"end":6280.77},{"text":"has","start":6280.77,"end":6280.99},{"text":"expressed","start":6280.99,"end":6281.49},{"text":"in","start":6281.53,"end":6281.63},{"text":"previous","start":6281.63,"end":6282.01},{"text":"years","start":6282.01,"end":6282.3},{"text":"on","start":6282.35,"end":6282.47},{"text":"questions","start":6282.47,"end":6282.85},{"text":"relating","start":6282.85,"end":6283.28},{"text":"to","start":6283.3,"end":6283.49},{"text":"the","start":6283.49,"end":6283.63},{"text":"law","start":6283.77,"end":6283.89},{"text":"of","start":6283.89,"end":6284},{"text":"the","start":6284,"end":6284.09},{"text":"sea","start":6284.09,"end":6284.39},{"text":"statehood","start":6284.75,"end":6285.33},{"text":"and","start":6285.43,"end":6285.56},{"text":"the","start":6285.56,"end":6285.63},{"text":"protection","start":6285.63,"end":6286.05},{"text":"of","start":6286.05,"end":6286.13},{"text":"persons","start":6286.17,"end":6286.59},{"text":"affected","start":6286.59,"end":6287.03},{"text":"by","start":6287.04,"end":6287.17},{"text":"sea","start":6287.17,"end":6287.32},{"text":"level","start":6287.33,"end":6287.54},{"text":"rise","start":6287.54,"end":6287.89}]},{"text":"Those views are based on the understanding that the relevant legal framework already exists, and the challenge lies in applying it to specific circumstances arising from sea level rise.","start":6288.45,"end":6297.77,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"Those","start":6288.45,"end":6288.67},{"text":"views","start":6288.69,"end":6288.91},{"text":"are","start":6288.91,"end":6289.01},{"text":"based","start":6289.01,"end":6289.33},{"text":"on","start":6289.37,"end":6289.49},{"text":"the","start":6289.49,"end":6289.53},{"text":"understanding","start":6289.69,"end":6290.12},{"text":"that","start":6290.12,"end":6290.25},{"text":"the","start":6290.26,"end":6290.29},{"text":"relevant","start":6290.29,"end":6290.77},{"text":"legal","start":6290.77,"end":6291.05},{"text":"framework","start":6291.05,"end":6291.61},{"text":"already","start":6291.77,"end":6292.02},{"text":"exists","start":6292.02,"end":6292.64},{"text":"and","start":6293.28,"end":6293.36},{"text":"the","start":6293.36,"end":6293.43},{"text":"challenge","start":6293.43,"end":6293.85},{"text":"lies","start":6293.86,"end":6294.2},{"text":"in","start":6294.21,"end":6294.34},{"text":"applying","start":6294.38,"end":6294.77},{"text":"it","start":6294.77,"end":6294.95},{"text":"to","start":6294.95,"end":6295.11},{"text":"specific","start":6295.24,"end":6295.69},{"text":"circumstances","start":6295.69,"end":6296.42},{"text":"arising","start":6296.46,"end":6296.87},{"text":"from","start":6296.89,"end":6297.06},{"text":"sea","start":6297.06,"end":6297.21},{"text":"level","start":6297.33,"end":6297.42},{"text":"rise","start":6297.42,"end":6297.77}]},{"text":"In that regard, general principles of law may offer valuable guidance.","start":6298.33,"end":6302.44,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":6298.33,"end":6298.44},{"text":"that","start":6298.44,"end":6298.57},{"text":"regard","start":6298.58,"end":6299.08},{"text":"general","start":6299.29,"end":6299.6},{"text":"principles","start":6299.61,"end":6300},{"text":"of","start":6300,"end":6300.15},{"text":"law","start":6300.17,"end":6300.47},{"text":"may","start":6300.77,"end":6300.93},{"text":"offer","start":6300.93,"end":6301.22},{"text":"valuable","start":6301.3,"end":6301.89},{"text":"guidance","start":6301.91,"end":6302.44}]},{"text":"Madam chair, turning to other decisions, Brazil welcomes the initiative to update the study plan on extraterritorial jurisdiction, taking into account the significant legal developments that have taken place since the topic was first included in the Commission's long term programme of work.","start":6303.06,"end":6316.96,"topics":[{"key":"extraterritorial-jurisdiction","label":"Extraterritorial Jurisdiction","description":"Delegations considered further work on the grounds and limits of jurisdiction exercised beyond national territory. Several supported combining a general legal framework with sector-specific analysis to strengthen legal certainty, consistency, and cooperation between states."}],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":6303.06,"end":6303.32},{"text":"chair","start":6303.33,"end":6303.65},{"text":"turning","start":6304.09,"end":6304.36},{"text":"to","start":6304.36,"end":6304.51},{"text":"other","start":6304.53,"end":6304.77},{"text":"decisions","start":6304.78,"end":6305.33},{"text":"Brazil","start":6305.39,"end":6305.63},{"text":"welcomes","start":6305.66,"end":6306.12},{"text":"the","start":6306.12,"end":6306.17},{"text":"initiative","start":6306.19,"end":6306.65},{"text":"to","start":6306.65,"end":6306.84},{"text":"update","start":6306.85,"end":6307.2},{"text":"the","start":6307.2,"end":6307.26},{"text":"study","start":6307.26,"end":6307.57},{"text":"plan","start":6307.57,"end":6307.89},{"text":"on","start":6308.17,"end":6308.34},{"text":"extraterritorial","start":6308.37,"end":6309.13},{"text":"jurisdiction","start":6309.14,"end":6309.78},{"text":"taking","start":6310.05,"end":6310.29},{"text":"into","start":6310.29,"end":6310.45},{"text":"account","start":6310.46,"end":6310.73},{"text":"the","start":6310.73,"end":6310.79},{"text":"significant","start":6310.79,"end":6311.33},{"text":"legal","start":6311.33,"end":6311.6},{"text":"developments","start":6311.6,"end":6312.11},{"text":"that","start":6312.34,"end":6312.47},{"text":"have","start":6312.47,"end":6312.7},{"text":"taken","start":6312.71,"end":6313.08},{"text":"place","start":6313.08,"end":6313.37},{"text":"since","start":6313.41,"end":6313.59},{"text":"the","start":6313.59,"end":6313.66},{"text":"topic","start":6313.67,"end":6314.05},{"text":"was","start":6314.05,"end":6314.23},{"text":"first","start":6314.25,"end":6314.51},{"text":"included","start":6314.51,"end":6314.77},{"text":"in","start":6314.77,"end":6314.87},{"text":"the","start":6314.89,"end":6314.95},{"text":"Commission's","start":6314.95,"end":6315.45},{"text":"long","start":6315.49,"end":6315.76},{"text":"term","start":6315.78,"end":6316.01},{"text":"programme","start":6316.01,"end":6316.37},{"text":"of","start":6316.37,"end":6316.53},{"text":"work","start":6316.58,"end":6316.96}]},{"text":"This this topic is both timely and important, given the growing recourse to extraterritorial jurisdiction.","start":6317.52,"end":6324.32,"topics":[{"key":"extraterritorial-jurisdiction","label":"Extraterritorial Jurisdiction","description":"Delegations considered further work on the grounds and limits of jurisdiction exercised beyond national territory. Several supported combining a general legal framework with sector-specific analysis to strengthen legal certainty, consistency, and cooperation between states."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":6317.52,"end":6317.72},{"text":"this","start":6318.09,"end":6318.27},{"text":"topic","start":6318.28,"end":6318.64},{"text":"is","start":6318.78,"end":6318.95},{"text":"both","start":6318.95,"end":6319.21},{"text":"timely","start":6319.32,"end":6319.89},{"text":"and","start":6320.26,"end":6320.38},{"text":"important","start":6320.39,"end":6320.98},{"text":"given","start":6321.14,"end":6321.39},{"text":"the","start":6321.4,"end":6321.46},{"text":"growing","start":6321.49,"end":6321.85},{"text":"recourse","start":6321.86,"end":6322.35},{"text":"to","start":6322.46,"end":6322.64},{"text":"extraterritorial","start":6322.73,"end":6323.6},{"text":"jurisdiction","start":6323.61,"end":6324.32}]},{"text":"We consider promising the possibility of a staggered approach combining the identification of general principles with the examination of set sector specific issues.","start":6325.19,"end":6335.17,"topics":[{"key":"extraterritorial-jurisdiction","label":"Extraterritorial Jurisdiction","description":"Delegations considered further work on the grounds and limits of jurisdiction exercised beyond national territory. Several supported combining a general legal framework with sector-specific analysis to strengthen legal certainty, consistency, and cooperation between states."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":6325.19,"end":6325.3},{"text":"consider","start":6325.3,"end":6325.69},{"text":"promising","start":6325.69,"end":6326.24},{"text":"the","start":6326.25,"end":6326.32},{"text":"possibility","start":6326.33,"end":6326.93},{"text":"of","start":6326.94,"end":6327.1},{"text":"a","start":6327.1,"end":6327.18},{"text":"staggered","start":6327.19,"end":6327.62},{"text":"approach","start":6327.62,"end":6328.16},{"text":"combining","start":6328.41,"end":6328.93},{"text":"the","start":6328.93,"end":6329.03},{"text":"identification","start":6329.03,"end":6330.18},{"text":"of","start":6330.19,"end":6330.29},{"text":"general","start":6330.29,"end":6330.57},{"text":"principles","start":6330.57,"end":6331.17},{"text":"with","start":6331.53,"end":6331.74},{"text":"the","start":6331.74,"end":6331.81},{"text":"examination","start":6331.81,"end":6332.5},{"text":"of","start":6332.58,"end":6332.73},{"text":"set","start":6332.76,"end":6333.1},{"text":"sector","start":6333.25,"end":6333.69},{"text":"specific","start":6333.73,"end":6333.73},{"text":"issues","start":6334.63,"end":6335.17}]},{"text":"We also welcome the emphasis placed on the views of states in the sixth committee as an essential element in determining the future scope and direction on this topic.","start":6335.92,"end":6343.57,"topics":[{"key":"extraterritorial-jurisdiction","label":"Extraterritorial Jurisdiction","description":"Delegations considered further work on the grounds and limits of jurisdiction exercised beyond national territory. Several supported combining a general legal framework with sector-specific analysis to strengthen legal certainty, consistency, and cooperation between states."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":6335.92,"end":6336.11},{"text":"also","start":6336.11,"end":6336.37},{"text":"welcome","start":6336.41,"end":6336.77},{"text":"the","start":6336.77,"end":6336.85},{"text":"emphasis","start":6336.9,"end":6337.37},{"text":"placed","start":6337.37,"end":6337.72},{"text":"on","start":6337.73,"end":6337.86},{"text":"the","start":6337.86,"end":6337.92},{"text":"views","start":6337.93,"end":6338.18},{"text":"of","start":6338.18,"end":6338.26},{"text":"states","start":6338.27,"end":6338.6},{"text":"in","start":6338.6,"end":6338.65},{"text":"the","start":6338.65,"end":6338.71},{"text":"sixth","start":6338.71,"end":6338.99},{"text":"committee","start":6339,"end":6339.38},{"text":"as","start":6339.66,"end":6339.78},{"text":"an","start":6339.78,"end":6339.87},{"text":"essential","start":6339.88,"end":6340.3},{"text":"element","start":6340.34,"end":6340.69},{"text":"in","start":6340.73,"end":6340.84},{"text":"determining","start":6340.84,"end":6341.25},{"text":"the","start":6341.25,"end":6341.33},{"text":"future","start":6341.33,"end":6341.66},{"text":"scope","start":6341.68,"end":6342.05},{"text":"and","start":6342.33,"end":6342.46},{"text":"direction","start":6342.46,"end":6342.9},{"text":"on","start":6342.9,"end":6342.99},{"text":"this","start":6342.99,"end":6343.14},{"text":"topic","start":6343.14,"end":6343.57}]},{"text":"In conclusion, Brazil thanks the International Law Commission for another productive session and reaffirms its strong support for its 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look forward to continuing our engagement with the Commission and with all delegations in advancing the development of international law on the basis of dialogue inclusiveness and a firm commitment to the fundamental principles of the international legal order I thank 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Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"осуществляемого","start":6566.64,"end":6567.18},{"text":"государством","start":6567.18,"end":6567.79},{"text":"в","start":6568,"end":6568.11},{"text":"отношении","start":6568.23,"end":6568.56},{"text":"своей","start":6568.56,"end":6568.81},{"text":"территории","start":6568.81,"end":6569.35},{"text":"который","start":6570.4,"end":6570.72},{"text":"включает","start":6570.74,"end":6571.1},{"text":"в","start":6571.1,"end":6571.1},{"text":"том","start":6571.1,"end":6571.24},{"text":"числе","start":6571.24,"end":6571.53},{"text":"береговую","start":6571.91,"end":6572.39},{"text":"линию","start":6572.39,"end":6572.81}]},{"text":"По общему правилу Конвенции 1982 года подразумевает проведение нормальных исходных линий, а при наличии определенных условий прямых исходных линий.","start":6574.42,"end":6585.2,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. 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Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"Невзирая","start":6599.91,"end":6600.27},{"text":"на","start":6600.29,"end":6600.39},{"text":"постойные","start":6600.4,"end":6600.91},{"text":"и","start":6600.91,"end":6600.95},{"text":"неизбежные","start":6601.39,"end":6601.42},{"text":"изменения","start":6601.43,"end":6601.88},{"text":"конфигурации","start":6601.9,"end":6602.75},{"text":"береговой","start":6603.83,"end":6604.27},{"text":"линии","start":6604.41,"end":6604.6},{"text":"Практика","start":6605.39,"end":6605.94},{"text":"регулярного","start":6605.94,"end":6606.44},{"text":"присмотра","start":6606.45,"end":6607.04},{"text":"установленных","start":6607.59,"end":6608.46},{"text":"государством","start":6608.64,"end":6609.24},{"text":"исходных","start":6609.25,"end":6609.69},{"text":"линий","start":6609.69,"end":6609.93},{"text":"также","start":6609.93,"end":6610.21},{"text":"не","start":6610.21,"end":6610.35},{"text":"сложилась","start":6610.35,"end":6610.91}]},{"text":"Несмотря на это нам сложно согласиться с тезисом о полном отсутствии конвенции каких либо обязательств на этот счет.","start":6613.68,"end":6620.74,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"Несмотря","start":6613.68,"end":6614.13},{"text":"на","start":6614.13,"end":6614.24},{"text":"это","start":6614.24,"end":6614.43},{"text":"нам","start":6614.44,"end":6614.61},{"text":"сложно","start":6614.61,"end":6615.03},{"text":"согласиться","start":6615.03,"end":6615.76},{"text":"с","start":6615.83,"end":6615.94},{"text":"тезисом","start":6615.96,"end":6616.53},{"text":"о","start":6617.65,"end":6617.79},{"text":"полном","start":6617.8,"end":6618.23},{"text":"отсутствии","start":6618.23,"end":6618.63},{"text":"конвенции","start":6618.65,"end":6619.19},{"text":"каких","start":6619.22,"end":6619.53},{"text":"либо","start":6619.54,"end":6619.75},{"text":"обязательств","start":6619.75,"end":6620.21},{"text":"на","start":6620.23,"end":6620.31},{"text":"этот","start":6620.36,"end":6620.49},{"text":"счет","start":6620.49,"end":6620.74}]},{"text":"Эту идею сложно соотнести с критериями проведения исходных линий установленными конвенцией статьи 5,7 и 10.","start":6622.39,"end":6629.51,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"Эту","start":6622.39,"end":6622.59},{"text":"идею","start":6622.59,"end":6622.83},{"text":"сложно","start":6622.83,"end":6623.2},{"text":"соотнести","start":6623.21,"end":6623.67},{"text":"с","start":6623.67,"end":6623.74},{"text":"критериями","start":6623.74,"end":6624.32},{"text":"проведения","start":6624.49,"end":6625},{"text":"исходных","start":6625,"end":6625.44},{"text":"линий","start":6625.44,"end":6625.71},{"text":"установленными","start":6625.71,"end":6626.35},{"text":"конвенцией","start":6626.36,"end":6626.96},{"text":"статьи","start":6627.65,"end":6628.01},{"text":"5,7","start":6628.01,"end":6628.85},{"text":"и","start":6628.91,"end":6629.03},{"text":"10","start":6629.04,"end":6629.51}]},{"text":"И принцип принципов добросовестного выполнения международных договоров.","start":6630.2,"end":6632.78,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"И","start":6630.2,"end":6630.29},{"text":"принцип","start":6630.3,"end":6630.63},{"text":"принципов","start":6630.63,"end":6630.77},{"text":"добросовестного","start":6630.77,"end":6631.39},{"text":"выполнения","start":6631.41,"end":6631.74},{"text":"международных","start":6631.74,"end":6632.27},{"text":"договоров","start":6632.27,"end":6632.78}]},{"text":"Что касается возможности сохранения исходных линий и внешних пределов морских пространств в условиях повышения уровня моря, то на данном этапе такой нормы обычного права не существует.","start":6634.56,"end":6647.76,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"Что","start":6634.56,"end":6634.75},{"text":"касается","start":6634.75,"end":6635.16},{"text":"возможности","start":6635.16,"end":6635.7},{"text":"сохранения","start":6635.7,"end":6636.44},{"text":"исходных","start":6636.44,"end":6636.97},{"text":"линий","start":6636.98,"end":6637.34},{"text":"и","start":6637.34,"end":6637.43},{"text":"внешних","start":6637.46,"end":6637.82},{"text":"пределов","start":6637.83,"end":6638.31},{"text":"морских","start":6638.32,"end":6638.79},{"text":"пространств","start":6638.79,"end":6639.47},{"text":"в","start":6640.79,"end":6640.83},{"text":"условиях","start":6640.83,"end":6641.5},{"text":"повышения","start":6641.55,"end":6642.15},{"text":"уровня","start":6642.15,"end":6642.47},{"text":"моря","start":6642.47,"end":6642.79},{"text":"то","start":6644.23,"end":6644.35},{"text":"на","start":6644.37,"end":6644.49},{"text":"данном","start":6644.49,"end":6644.79},{"text":"этапе","start":6644.8,"end":6645.26},{"text":"такой","start":6645.83,"end":6646.12},{"text":"нормы","start":6646.13,"end":6646.35},{"text":"обычного","start":6646.35,"end":6646.7},{"text":"права","start":6646.7,"end":6647.02},{"text":"не","start":6647.02,"end":6647.19},{"text":"существует","start":6647.19,"end":6647.76}]},{"text":"Причина кроется в отсутствии признания соответствующей практики в качестве нормы права и недостаточности самой самой практики.","start":6648.71,"end":6657.19,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"Причина","start":6648.71,"end":6649.08},{"text":"кроется","start":6649.08,"end":6649.46},{"text":"в","start":6649.46,"end":6649.52},{"text":"отсутствии","start":6649.67,"end":6650},{"text":"признания","start":6650,"end":6650.64},{"text":"соответствующей","start":6651.47,"end":6651.99},{"text":"практики","start":6651.99,"end":6652.49},{"text":"в","start":6652.57,"end":6652.65},{"text":"качестве","start":6652.65,"end":6653.05},{"text":"нормы","start":6653.05,"end":6653.45},{"text":"права","start":6653.87,"end":6654.35},{"text":"и","start":6654.55,"end":6654.95},{"text":"недостаточности","start":6654.98,"end":6655.98},{"text":"самой","start":6655.99,"end":6655.99},{"text":"самой","start":6656.27,"end":6656.65},{"text":"практики","start":6656.65,"end":6657.19}]},{"text":"В качестве обоснования возможности сохранения исходных линий и пределов морских пространств, сельская група опирается на принципы, на принцип правовой стабильности и определенности.","start":6659.19,"end":6671.7,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"В","start":6659.19,"end":6659.19},{"text":"качестве","start":6659.19,"end":6659.63},{"text":"обоснования","start":6659.63,"end":6660.22},{"text":"возможности","start":6660.22,"end":6660.7},{"text":"сохранения","start":6660.7,"end":6661.23},{"text":"исходных","start":6661.23,"end":6661.67},{"text":"линий","start":6661.67,"end":6662.03},{"text":"и","start":6662.69,"end":6662.79},{"text":"пределов","start":6663.03,"end":6663.5},{"text":"морских","start":6663.5,"end":6663.87},{"text":"пространств","start":6663.87,"end":6664.51},{"text":"сельская","start":6665.71,"end":6666.3},{"text":"група","start":6666.3,"end":6666.75},{"text":"опирается","start":6666.91,"end":6667.47},{"text":"на","start":6667.47,"end":6667.59},{"text":"принципы","start":6667.59,"end":6668.14},{"text":"на","start":6668.56,"end":6668.67},{"text":"принцип","start":6668.67,"end":6668.99},{"text":"правовой","start":6669.23,"end":6669.55},{"text":"стабильности","start":6669.56,"end":6670.27},{"text":"и","start":6670.87,"end":6670.99},{"text":"определенности","start":6670.99,"end":6671.7}]},{"text":"Мы полагаем, что устоявшееся толкование этих принципов в рассматриваемом контексте означает понятность и неизменность механизма определения пределов морских пространств на основе единообразного применения правовых норм но не обязательно самих пределов.","start":6672.31,"end":6693.95,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"Мы","start":6672.31,"end":6672.47},{"text":"полагаем","start":6672.48,"end":6673.05},{"text":"что","start":6673.87,"end":6674.26},{"text":"устоявшееся","start":6674.31,"end":6675.02},{"text":"толкование","start":6675.03,"end":6675.63},{"text":"этих","start":6675.67,"end":6675.94},{"text":"принципов","start":6675.95,"end":6676.55},{"text":"в","start":6677.95,"end":6678.03},{"text":"рассматриваемом","start":6678.05,"end":6678.69},{"text":"контексте","start":6678.69,"end":6679.31},{"text":"означает","start":6679.31,"end":6679.79},{"text":"понятность","start":6679.8,"end":6680.49},{"text":"и","start":6681.24,"end":6681.37},{"text":"неизменность","start":6681.37,"end":6681.9},{"text":"механизма","start":6681.91,"end":6682.4},{"text":"определения","start":6682.46,"end":6682.89},{"text":"пределов","start":6682.92,"end":6683.35},{"text":"морских","start":6683.35,"end":6683.73},{"text":"пространств","start":6683.73,"end":6684.35},{"text":"на","start":6686.23,"end":6686.43},{"text":"основе","start":6686.43,"end":6686.88},{"text":"единообразного","start":6687.33,"end":6688.18},{"text":"применения","start":6688.18,"end":6688.66},{"text":"правовых","start":6688.66,"end":6688.99},{"text":"норм","start":6688.99,"end":6689.25},{"text":"но","start":6692.43,"end":6692.59},{"text":"не","start":6692.59,"end":6692.68},{"text":"обязательно","start":6692.79,"end":6693.12},{"text":"самих","start":6693.12,"end":6693.47},{"text":"пределов","start":6693.47,"end":6693.95}]},{"text":"Предложенные исследовательской группой толкования в пользу сохранения пределов морских пространств могло бы стать примером прогрессивного развития международного права для поиска практически приемлемого решения.","start":6697.11,"end":6710.09,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"Предложенные","start":6697.11,"end":6697.67},{"text":"исследовательской","start":6697.67,"end":6698.08},{"text":"группой","start":6698.08,"end":6698.38},{"text":"толкования","start":6698.39,"end":6698.91},{"text":"в","start":6698.92,"end":6698.97},{"text":"пользу","start":6698.97,"end":6699.33},{"text":"сохранения","start":6699.33,"end":6699.97},{"text":"пределов","start":6700.51,"end":6700.99},{"text":"морских","start":6700.99,"end":6701.37},{"text":"пространств","start":6701.39,"end":6702.12},{"text":"могло","start":6703.46,"end":6703.73},{"text":"бы","start":6703.73,"end":6703.83},{"text":"стать","start":6703.84,"end":6704.07},{"text":"примером","start":6704.07,"end":6704.62},{"text":"прогрессивного","start":6704.62,"end":6705.27},{"text":"развития","start":6705.27,"end":6705.7},{"text":"международного","start":6705.71,"end":6706.1},{"text":"права","start":6706.1,"end":6706.5},{"text":"для","start":6707.83,"end":6708.02},{"text":"поиска","start":6708.02,"end":6708.44},{"text":"практически","start":6708.45,"end":6708.96},{"text":"приемлемого","start":6708.97,"end":6709.59},{"text":"решения","start":6709.59,"end":6710.09}]},{"text":"Разумеется, при том понимании, что оно будет применимо не только к повышению уровня моря, но и к другим природным явлениям, которые могли бы ставить аналогичный вопросы.","start":6711.51,"end":6721.97,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"Разумеется","start":6711.51,"end":6712},{"text":"при","start":6712.01,"end":6712.15},{"text":"том","start":6712.15,"end":6712.3},{"text":"понимании","start":6712.31,"end":6712.84},{"text":"что","start":6712.84,"end":6713.01},{"text":"оно","start":6713.02,"end":6713.14},{"text":"будет","start":6713.14,"end":6713.38},{"text":"применимо","start":6713.39,"end":6713.95},{"text":"не","start":6714.19,"end":6714.36},{"text":"только","start":6714.36,"end":6714.65},{"text":"к","start":6714.65,"end":6714.65},{"text":"повышению","start":6714.66,"end":6715.14},{"text":"уровня","start":6715.18,"end":6715.41},{"text":"моря","start":6715.43,"end":6715.76},{"text":"но","start":6717.43,"end":6717.55},{"text":"и","start":6717.55,"end":6717.61},{"text":"к","start":6717.61,"end":6717.66},{"text":"другим","start":6717.66,"end":6717.66},{"text":"природным","start":6717.66,"end":6718.47},{"text":"явлениям","start":6718.47,"end":6718.87},{"text":"которые","start":6718.87,"end":6719.15},{"text":"могли","start":6719.16,"end":6719.47},{"text":"бы","start":6719.47,"end":6719.69},{"text":"ставить","start":6720.35,"end":6720.83},{"text":"аналогичный","start":6720.84,"end":6721.47},{"text":"вопросы","start":6721.47,"end":6721.97}]},{"text":"Что касается вопроса государственности, то здесь следует основываться на равенстве всех суверенных государств и праве государств поддерживать свое существования.","start":6723.19,"end":6735.06,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"Что","start":6723.19,"end":6723.37},{"text":"касается","start":6723.38,"end":6723.89},{"text":"вопроса","start":6723.89,"end":6724.2},{"text":"государственности","start":6724.2,"end":6725},{"text":"то","start":6726.15,"end":6726.29},{"text":"здесь","start":6726.29,"end":6726.46},{"text":"следует","start":6726.46,"end":6726.88},{"text":"основываться","start":6726.9,"end":6727.44},{"text":"на","start":6727.44,"end":6727.58},{"text":"равенстве","start":6727.58,"end":6728.06},{"text":"всех","start":6728.56,"end":6728.95},{"text":"суверенных","start":6729.03,"end":6729.51},{"text":"государств","start":6729.51,"end":6730.07},{"text":"и","start":6732.23,"end":6732.39},{"text":"праве","start":6732.39,"end":6732.65},{"text":"государств","start":6732.67,"end":6733.21},{"text":"поддерживать","start":6733.23,"end":6733.75},{"text":"свое","start":6733.75,"end":6734.04},{"text":"существования","start":6734.27,"end":6735.06}]},{"text":"Важное значение имеет принцип международного сотрудничества, особенно при создании режиму режимов сью дженес для сохранения полноценной государственности государственности затронутых государств.","start":6736.23,"end":6749.31,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"Важное","start":6736.23,"end":6736.6},{"text":"значение","start":6736.62,"end":6737.08},{"text":"имеет","start":6737.08,"end":6737.27},{"text":"принцип","start":6737.3,"end":6737.59},{"text":"международного","start":6737.63,"end":6738.06},{"text":"сотрудничества","start":6738.06,"end":6738.83},{"text":"особенно","start":6739.88,"end":6740.5},{"text":"при","start":6740.51,"end":6740.64},{"text":"создании","start":6740.67,"end":6741.15},{"text":"режиму","start":6741.47,"end":6741.95},{"text":"режимов","start":6742.16,"end":6742.67},{"text":"сью","start":6743.07,"end":6743.34},{"text":"дженес","start":6744.61,"end":6745.15},{"text":"для","start":6745.31,"end":6745.48},{"text":"сохранения","start":6745.49,"end":6745.98},{"text":"полноценной","start":6745.99,"end":6746.57},{"text":"государственности","start":6746.59,"end":6747.38},{"text":"государственности","start":6747.47,"end":6747.47},{"text":"затронутых","start":6747.51,"end":6748.07},{"text":"государств","start":6748.69,"end":6749.31}]},{"text":"В разделе пять итогового отчета исследовательской группы представлены возможные дальнейшие действия.","start":6751.17,"end":6756.83,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"В","start":6751.17,"end":6751.21},{"text":"разделе","start":6751.21,"end":6751.54},{"text":"пять","start":6751.54,"end":6751.86},{"text":"итогового","start":6752.04,"end":6752.71},{"text":"отчета","start":6752.71,"end":6753.07},{"text":"исследовательской","start":6753.1,"end":6753.48},{"text":"группы","start":6753.48,"end":6753.88},{"text":"представлены","start":6753.99,"end":6754.51},{"text":"возможные","start":6754.53,"end":6755.14},{"text":"дальнейшие","start":6755.75,"end":6756.3},{"text":"действия","start":6756.3,"end":6756.83}]},{"text":"Справедливо отмечена возможность согласовать толкования толкувание действующих инструментов.","start":6757.8,"end":6762.39,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"Справедливо","start":6757.8,"end":6758.32},{"text":"отмечена","start":6758.32,"end":6758.77},{"text":"возможность","start":6758.77,"end":6759.27},{"text":"согласовать","start":6759.28,"end":6759.83},{"text":"толкования","start":6759.98,"end":6760.62},{"text":"толкувание","start":6760.62,"end":6760.91},{"text":"действующих","start":6761.1,"end":6761.73},{"text":"инструментов","start":6761.73,"end":6762.39}]},{"text":"Прежде всего конвенции ООН по морскому праву.","start":6764.3,"end":6766.17,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"Прежде","start":6764.3,"end":6764.58},{"text":"всего","start":6764.58,"end":6764.78},{"text":"конвенции","start":6764.78,"end":6765.25},{"text":"ООН","start":6765.26,"end":6765.4},{"text":"по","start":6765.42,"end":6765.5},{"text":"морскому","start":6765.52,"end":6765.87},{"text":"праву","start":6765.87,"end":6766.17}]},{"text":"Мы рассчитываем, что такое толкувание будет опираться на широкий консенсус, в противном случае его обязательность будет под большим сомнением.","start":6766.98,"end":6773.95,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"Мы","start":6766.98,"end":6767.07},{"text":"рассчитываем","start":6767.09,"end":6767.44},{"text":"что","start":6767.46,"end":6767.55},{"text":"такое","start":6767.56,"end":6767.79},{"text":"толкувание","start":6767.8,"end":6768.3},{"text":"будет","start":6768.3,"end":6768.56},{"text":"опираться","start":6768.56,"end":6768.99},{"text":"на","start":6768.99,"end":6769.09},{"text":"широкий","start":6769.09,"end":6769.44},{"text":"консенсус","start":6769.44,"end":6770.11},{"text":"в","start":6771.14,"end":6771.14},{"text":"противном","start":6771.18,"end":6771.55},{"text":"случае","start":6771.55,"end":6771.82},{"text":"его","start":6771.84,"end":6771.98},{"text":"обязательность","start":6771.98,"end":6772.61},{"text":"будет","start":6772.61,"end":6772.86},{"text":"под","start":6772.86,"end":6773.02},{"text":"большим","start":6773.02,"end":6773.41},{"text":"сомнением","start":6773.42,"end":6773.95}]},{"text":"Госпожа председатель, перейти теперь к теме иммунитет должностных лиц государства.","start":6776.51,"end":6781.75,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Госпожа","start":6776.51,"end":6776.88},{"text":"председатель","start":6776.88,"end":6777.38},{"text":"перейти","start":6778.51,"end":6778.7},{"text":"теперь","start":6778.7,"end":6779.26},{"text":"к","start":6779.26,"end":6779.31},{"text":"теме","start":6779.31,"end":6779.54},{"text":"иммунитет","start":6779.54,"end":6780.06},{"text":"должностных","start":6780.06,"end":6780.66},{"text":"лиц","start":6780.66,"end":6781.02},{"text":"государства","start":6781.02,"end":6781.75}]},{"text":"В подготовленных комиссией проектах статей и есть ценные элементы, которые заслуживали бы отражения в соответствующей Конвенции.","start":6783.92,"end":6790.73,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"В","start":6783.92,"end":6784.03},{"text":"подготовленных","start":6784.3,"end":6784.75},{"text":"комиссией","start":6784.75,"end":6785.26},{"text":"проектах","start":6785.26,"end":6785.7},{"text":"статей","start":6785.7,"end":6786.22},{"text":"и","start":6786.5,"end":6786.61},{"text":"есть","start":6786.61,"end":6786.82},{"text":"ценные","start":6786.82,"end":6787.22},{"text":"элементы","start":6787.26,"end":6787.68},{"text":"которые","start":6787.69,"end":6788.22},{"text":"заслуживали","start":6788.22,"end":6788.96},{"text":"бы","start":6788.96,"end":6789.1},{"text":"отражения","start":6789.14,"end":6789.67},{"text":"в","start":6789.67,"end":6789.7},{"text":"соответствующей","start":6789.7,"end":6790.22},{"text":"Конвенции","start":6790.22,"end":6790.73}]},{"text":"Признательность спецдокладчику изучит ряда замечаний России к тем или иным положениям статей и комментариев к ним.","start":6792.7,"end":6798.42,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Признательность","start":6792.7,"end":6793.17},{"text":"спецдокладчику","start":6793.17,"end":6793.96},{"text":"изучит","start":6794.14,"end":6794.66},{"text":"ряда","start":6794.67,"end":6795},{"text":"замечаний","start":6795,"end":6795.53},{"text":"России","start":6795.54,"end":6795.86},{"text":"к","start":6795.86,"end":6795.93},{"text":"тем","start":6795.94,"end":6796.13},{"text":"или","start":6796.2,"end":6796.26},{"text":"иным","start":6796.26,"end":6796.44},{"text":"положениям","start":6796.45,"end":6796.96},{"text":"статей","start":6796.96,"end":6797.46},{"text":"и","start":6797.46,"end":6797.55},{"text":"комментариев","start":6797.55,"end":6798.12},{"text":"к","start":6798.12,"end":6798.18},{"text":"ним","start":6798.19,"end":6798.42}]},{"text":"Вместе с тем в общем и целом вынуждены констатировать что принятые во втором чтении проекта статей вызывают больше озабоченности, нежели удовлетворение.","start":6801.9,"end":6811.76,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Вместе","start":6801.9,"end":6802.16},{"text":"с","start":6802.17,"end":6802.19},{"text":"тем","start":6802.19,"end":6802.5},{"text":"в","start":6802.54,"end":6802.66},{"text":"общем","start":6802.66,"end":6802.98},{"text":"и","start":6802.98,"end":6803.1},{"text":"целом","start":6803.1,"end":6803.42},{"text":"вынуждены","start":6803.42,"end":6803.91},{"text":"констатировать","start":6803.91,"end":6804.64},{"text":"что","start":6805.85,"end":6806.06},{"text":"принятые","start":6806.07,"end":6806.43},{"text":"во","start":6806.43,"end":6806.66},{"text":"втором","start":6806.7,"end":6806.96},{"text":"чтении","start":6806.97,"end":6807.34},{"text":"проекта","start":6807.35,"end":6807.67},{"text":"статей","start":6807.68,"end":6808.04},{"text":"вызывают","start":6808.05,"end":6808.56},{"text":"больше","start":6809.15,"end":6809.5},{"text":"озабоченности","start":6809.5,"end":6810.2},{"text":"нежели","start":6810.22,"end":6810.69},{"text":"удовлетворение","start":6810.9,"end":6811.76}]},{"text":"Мы ранее неоднократно выражали обеспокоенность в связи с тем, по какому пути в определенный момент пошла разработка комиссии проекта статей по данной теме.","start":6813.42,"end":6822.16,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Мы","start":6813.42,"end":6813.8},{"text":"ранее","start":6814.22,"end":6814.59},{"text":"неоднократно","start":6814.59,"end":6815.11},{"text":"выражали","start":6815.14,"end":6815.46},{"text":"обеспокоенность","start":6815.46,"end":6816.32},{"text":"в","start":6816.74,"end":6816.75},{"text":"связи","start":6816.75,"end":6817.07},{"text":"с","start":6817.07,"end":6817.14},{"text":"тем","start":6817.14,"end":6817.43},{"text":"по","start":6817.7,"end":6817.83},{"text":"какому","start":6817.85,"end":6818.21},{"text":"пути","start":6818.21,"end":6818.54},{"text":"в","start":6818.54,"end":6818.62},{"text":"определенный","start":6818.7,"end":6819.05},{"text":"момент","start":6819.05,"end":6819.37},{"text":"пошла","start":6819.37,"end":6819.67},{"text":"разработка","start":6819.76,"end":6820.26},{"text":"комиссии","start":6820.26,"end":6820.73},{"text":"проекта","start":6820.73,"end":6821.09},{"text":"статей","start":6821.09,"end":6821.39},{"text":"по","start":6821.39,"end":6821.53},{"text":"данной","start":6821.54,"end":6821.81},{"text":"теме","start":6821.81,"end":6822.16}]},{"text":"Как среди членов комиссии, так и государственном комитете шли долгие дебаты, особенно вокруг ключевой статьи 6, касающейся якобы существующих исключений из функционального иммунитета должностных лиц.","start":6823.95,"end":6839.56,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Как","start":6823.95,"end":6824.2},{"text":"среди","start":6824.2,"end":6824.49},{"text":"членов","start":6824.5,"end":6824.81},{"text":"комиссии","start":6824.81,"end":6825.45},{"text":"так","start":6825.58,"end":6825.76},{"text":"и","start":6825.76,"end":6825.82},{"text":"государственном","start":6825.82,"end":6826.51},{"text":"комитете","start":6826.54,"end":6827.11},{"text":"шли","start":6829.02,"end":6829.26},{"text":"долгие","start":6829.28,"end":6829.65},{"text":"дебаты","start":6829.65,"end":6830.11},{"text":"особенно","start":6830.7,"end":6831.36},{"text":"вокруг","start":6831.38,"end":6831.69},{"text":"ключевой","start":6831.69,"end":6832.02},{"text":"статьи","start":6832.02,"end":6832.34},{"text":"6","start":6832.35,"end":6832.7},{"text":"касающейся","start":6834.54,"end":6835.12},{"text":"якобы","start":6835.18,"end":6835.62},{"text":"существующих","start":6835.85,"end":6836.62},{"text":"исключений","start":6836.62,"end":6837.27},{"text":"из","start":6837.29,"end":6837.46},{"text":"функционального","start":6837.5,"end":6838.14},{"text":"иммунитета","start":6838.15,"end":6838.61},{"text":"должностных","start":6838.69,"end":6839.27},{"text":"лиц","start":6839.27,"end":6839.56}]},{"text":"Мы до последнего надеялись, что эти дискуссии убедят специального докладчика господина Гроссмана в необходимости корректировки некоторых положений или, по крайней мере, отражение действительной картины происходящего в комментариях.","start":6841.67,"end":6855.75,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. 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Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Однако","start":6858.06,"end":6858.52},{"text":"твердые","start":6858.52,"end":6858.86},{"text":"позиции","start":6858.86,"end":6859.36},{"text":"многих","start":6859.61,"end":6860},{"text":"стран","start":6860,"end":6860.35},{"text":"в","start":6860.64,"end":6860.68},{"text":"том","start":6860.68,"end":6860.86},{"text":"числе","start":6860.86,"end":6861.23},{"text":"наша","start":6862.1,"end":6862.42},{"text":"позиция","start":6862.42,"end":6862.83},{"text":"были","start":6862.83,"end":6863.15},{"text":"проигнорированы","start":6863.42,"end":6864.53}]},{"text":"В итоге весь свод из 17 проектов статей с комментариями был принят комиссией без достижения консенсуса.","start":6865.78,"end":6872.3,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"В","start":6865.78,"end":6865.86},{"text":"итоге","start":6865.86,"end":6866.17},{"text":"весь","start":6866.18,"end":6866.35},{"text":"свод","start":6866.35,"end":6866.7},{"text":"из","start":6866.7,"end":6866.82},{"text":"17","start":6867.21,"end":6867.35},{"text":"проектов","start":6867.36,"end":6867.82},{"text":"статей","start":6867.82,"end":6868.28},{"text":"с","start":6868.31,"end":6868.31},{"text":"комментариями","start":6868.31,"end":6869.12},{"text":"был","start":6869.12,"end":6869.35},{"text":"принят","start":6869.36,"end":6869.61},{"text":"комиссией","start":6869.62,"end":6870.02},{"text":"без","start":6870.02,"end":6870.39},{"text":"достижения","start":6870.59,"end":6871.36},{"text":"консенсуса","start":6871.46,"end":6872.3}]},{"text":"Задействование двух голосований.","start":6873.78,"end":6875.54,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Задействование","start":6873.78,"end":6874.45},{"text":"двух","start":6874.45,"end":6874.75},{"text":"голосований","start":6874.75,"end":6875.54}]},{"text":"Последний мае нынешнего года в ходе подготовки проектов статей может создать весьма негативный и ненужный прецедент.","start":6877.19,"end":6887.98,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Последний","start":6877.19,"end":6877.61},{"text":"мае","start":6877.66,"end":6877.95},{"text":"нынешнего","start":6878.22,"end":6878.69},{"text":"года","start":6878.69,"end":6879.02},{"text":"в","start":6882.38,"end":6882.38},{"text":"ходе","start":6882.38,"end":6882.68},{"text":"подготовки","start":6882.68,"end":6883.23},{"text":"проектов","start":6883.23,"end":6883.62},{"text":"статей","start":6883.63,"end":6884.19},{"text":"может","start":6885.31,"end":6885.58},{"text":"создать","start":6885.58,"end":6885.96},{"text":"весьма","start":6885.97,"end":6886.39},{"text":"негативный","start":6886.39,"end":6886.98},{"text":"и","start":6886.98,"end":6887.03},{"text":"ненужный","start":6887.03,"end":6887.45},{"text":"прецедент","start":6887.45,"end":6887.98}]},{"text":"Я стану тратить время, повторяя подробные замечания, которые мы высказывали на предыдущих сессиях.","start":6890.42,"end":6895.58,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Я","start":6890.42,"end":6890.55},{"text":"стану","start":6890.58,"end":6890.88},{"text":"тратить","start":6890.88,"end":6891.25},{"text":"время","start":6891.25,"end":6891.46},{"text":"повторяя","start":6891.46,"end":6891.86},{"text":"подробные","start":6891.87,"end":6892.34},{"text":"замечания","start":6892.34,"end":6892.84},{"text":"которые","start":6892.84,"end":6893.25},{"text":"мы","start":6893.25,"end":6893.49},{"text":"высказывали","start":6894.18,"end":6894.76},{"text":"на","start":6894.76,"end":6894.85},{"text":"предыдущих","start":6894.87,"end":6895.25},{"text":"сессиях","start":6895.26,"end":6895.58}]},{"text":"Отмечу главное Россия остается неизменно приверженной сохранению института иммунитетов должностных лиц государства от иностранной уголовной юрисдикции без каких либо изъятий.","start":6895.6,"end":6907.88,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Отмечу","start":6895.6,"end":6895.93},{"text":"главное","start":6896.64,"end":6896.88},{"text":"Россия","start":6898.38,"end":6898.74},{"text":"остается","start":6898.76,"end":6899.2},{"text":"неизменно","start":6899.2,"end":6899.66},{"text":"приверженной","start":6899.67,"end":6900.29},{"text":"сохранению","start":6900.29,"end":6900.94},{"text":"института","start":6901.14,"end":6901.53},{"text":"иммунитетов","start":6901.53,"end":6902.04},{"text":"должностных","start":6902.06,"end":6902.52},{"text":"лиц","start":6902.53,"end":6902.53},{"text":"государства","start":6902.53,"end":6903.27},{"text":"от","start":6903.27,"end":6903.41},{"text":"иностранной","start":6903.42,"end":6904.03},{"text":"уголовной","start":6904.06,"end":6904.5},{"text":"юрисдикции","start":6904.5,"end":6905.01},{"text":"без","start":6905.94,"end":6906.34},{"text":"каких","start":6906.36,"end":6906.9},{"text":"либо","start":6906.98,"end":6907.3},{"text":"изъятий","start":6907.3,"end":6907.88}]},{"text":"Подготовленный же проект едва ли не главной своей целью ставит формулирование так называемых исключений.","start":6908.7,"end":6914.24,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Подготовленный","start":6908.7,"end":6909.3},{"text":"же","start":6909.3,"end":6909.42},{"text":"проект","start":6909.42,"end":6909.84},{"text":"едва","start":6909.85,"end":6910.17},{"text":"ли","start":6910.17,"end":6910.29},{"text":"не","start":6910.29,"end":6910.39},{"text":"главной","start":6910.42,"end":6910.94},{"text":"своей","start":6911.15,"end":6911.45},{"text":"целью","start":6911.45,"end":6911.84},{"text":"ставит","start":6911.93,"end":6912.26},{"text":"формулирование","start":6912.28,"end":6912.89},{"text":"так","start":6912.9,"end":6913.04},{"text":"называемых","start":6913.04,"end":6913.58},{"text":"исключений","start":6913.58,"end":6914.24}]},{"text":"Попытки выдать исключение за норму действующего международного права не выдерживают юридической критики.","start":6917.12,"end":6922.44,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Попытки","start":6917.12,"end":6917.65},{"text":"выдать","start":6917.8,"end":6918.18},{"text":"исключение","start":6918.18,"end":6918.65},{"text":"за","start":6918.65,"end":6918.79},{"text":"норму","start":6918.79,"end":6919.1},{"text":"действующего","start":6919.1,"end":6919.5},{"text":"международного","start":6919.5,"end":6919.94},{"text":"права","start":6919.94,"end":6920.21},{"text":"не","start":6920.21,"end":6920.39},{"text":"выдерживают","start":6920.63,"end":6921.26},{"text":"юридической","start":6921.26,"end":6921.92},{"text":"критики","start":6921.92,"end":6922.44}]},{"text":"Приведенные комментарии к статье шесть практика государства в действительности отражает позицию лишь малой группы стран.","start":6925.35,"end":6930.48,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Приведенные","start":6925.35,"end":6925.81},{"text":"комментарии","start":6925.81,"end":6926.34},{"text":"к","start":6926.34,"end":6926.41},{"text":"статье","start":6926.41,"end":6926.67},{"text":"шесть","start":6926.68,"end":6926.94},{"text":"практика","start":6926.94,"end":6927.3},{"text":"государства","start":6927.3,"end":6927.86},{"text":"в","start":6927.86,"end":6927.9},{"text":"действительности","start":6927.9,"end":6928.46},{"text":"отражает","start":6928.47,"end":6928.86},{"text":"позицию","start":6928.86,"end":6929.24},{"text":"лишь","start":6929.24,"end":6929.42},{"text":"малой","start":6929.43,"end":6929.81},{"text":"группы","start":6929.81,"end":6930.14},{"text":"стран","start":6930.14,"end":6930.48}]},{"text":"Эти судебные решения не формируют новые нормы международного права, а являются примерами порушений соответствующих норм.","start":6932.82,"end":6939.45,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Эти","start":6932.82,"end":6933.06},{"text":"судебные","start":6933.08,"end":6933.38},{"text":"решения","start":6933.38,"end":6933.83},{"text":"не","start":6933.83,"end":6934.02},{"text":"формируют","start":6934.03,"end":6934.56},{"text":"новые","start":6934.78,"end":6934.81},{"text":"нормы","start":6934.81,"end":6935.02},{"text":"международного","start":6935.02,"end":6935.46},{"text":"права","start":6935.46,"end":6935.83},{"text":"а","start":6935.86,"end":6936},{"text":"являются","start":6936,"end":6936.35},{"text":"примерами","start":6936.35,"end":6936.91},{"text":"порушений","start":6937.35,"end":6938.42},{"text":"соответствующих","start":6938.43,"end":6939.18},{"text":"норм","start":6939.18,"end":6939.45}]},{"text":"При этом полностью игноруется практика абсолютного большинства государств, а именно отсутствие у них судебных дел, подтверждающих наличие исключений из иммунитета.","start":6940.78,"end":6950.06,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"При","start":6940.78,"end":6940.86},{"text":"этом","start":6940.86,"end":6941.03},{"text":"полностью","start":6941.03,"end":6941.43},{"text":"игноруется","start":6941.45,"end":6942.07},{"text":"практика","start":6942.07,"end":6942.52},{"text":"абсолютного","start":6942.52,"end":6943.02},{"text":"большинства","start":6943.02,"end":6943.46},{"text":"государств","start":6943.49,"end":6944.05},{"text":"а","start":6945.68,"end":6945.82},{"text":"именно","start":6945.82,"end":6946.09},{"text":"отсутствие","start":6946.09,"end":6946.45},{"text":"у","start":6946.45,"end":6946.51},{"text":"них","start":6946.52,"end":6946.68},{"text":"судебных","start":6946.68,"end":6947.16},{"text":"дел","start":6947.16,"end":6947.49},{"text":"подтверждающих","start":6947.53,"end":6948.25},{"text":"наличие","start":6948.25,"end":6948.7},{"text":"исключений","start":6948.7,"end":6949.29},{"text":"из","start":6949.29,"end":6949.45},{"text":"иммунитета","start":6949.45,"end":6950.06}]},{"text":"Недальновидное решение комиссии относительно этой статьи разочаровано разочаровывают.","start":6952.49,"end":6955.84,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Недальновидное","start":6952.49,"end":6953.09},{"text":"решение","start":6953.09,"end":6953.44},{"text":"комиссии","start":6953.44,"end":6953.89},{"text":"относительно","start":6953.92,"end":6954.41},{"text":"этой","start":6954.41,"end":6954.6},{"text":"статьи","start":6954.61,"end":6955},{"text":"разочаровано","start":6955.05,"end":6955.6},{"text":"разочаровывают","start":6955.6,"end":6955.84}]},{"text":"Согласиться с исключением из иммунитета означало бы легитимизировать политически мотивированные преследования и злоупотребления уголовной юстицией.","start":6957.81,"end":6966.24,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Согласиться","start":6957.81,"end":6958.36},{"text":"с","start":6958.38,"end":6958.46},{"text":"исключением","start":6958.47,"end":6958.98},{"text":"из","start":6958.98,"end":6959.13},{"text":"иммунитета","start":6959.13,"end":6959.64},{"text":"означало","start":6959.64,"end":6960.03},{"text":"бы","start":6960.03,"end":6960.25},{"text":"легитимизировать","start":6960.42,"end":6961.77},{"text":"политически","start":6961.77,"end":6962.48},{"text":"мотивированные","start":6962.49,"end":6963.18},{"text":"преследования","start":6963.18,"end":6963.85},{"text":"и","start":6964.42,"end":6964.53},{"text":"злоупотребления","start":6964.53,"end":6965.21},{"text":"уголовной","start":6965.21,"end":6965.65},{"text":"юстицией","start":6965.65,"end":6966.24}]},{"text":"Между тем практика показывает, что такие преследования не вносят никакого вклада в так называемую борьбу с безнаказанностью и всегда приводят к деградации международных отношений.","start":6967.81,"end":6978.75,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Между","start":6967.81,"end":6968.1},{"text":"тем","start":6968.1,"end":6968.31},{"text":"практика","start":6968.33,"end":6968.33},{"text":"показывает","start":6968.76,"end":6969.41},{"text":"что","start":6969.9,"end":6970.09},{"text":"такие","start":6970.09,"end":6970.35},{"text":"преследования","start":6970.35,"end":6970.91},{"text":"не","start":6971.17,"end":6971.38},{"text":"вносят","start":6971.38,"end":6971.77},{"text":"никакого","start":6971.77,"end":6972.48},{"text":"вклада","start":6972.49,"end":6972.93},{"text":"в","start":6972.93,"end":6973},{"text":"так","start":6973,"end":6973.1},{"text":"называемую","start":6973.1,"end":6973.53},{"text":"борьбу","start":6973.53,"end":6973.84},{"text":"с","start":6973.84,"end":6973.94},{"text":"безнаказанностью","start":6974.27,"end":6975.2},{"text":"и","start":6976.33,"end":6976.43},{"text":"всегда","start":6976.45,"end":6976.73},{"text":"приводят","start":6976.73,"end":6977.05},{"text":"к","start":6977.06,"end":6977.09},{"text":"деградации","start":6977.09,"end":6977.68},{"text":"международных","start":6977.68,"end":6978.16},{"text":"отношений","start":6978.16,"end":6978.75}]},{"text":"Такой позиции придерживается не только наша страна.","start":6981.09,"end":6983.86,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Такой","start":6981.09,"end":6981.36},{"text":"позиции","start":6981.36,"end":6981.6},{"text":"придерживается","start":6981.82,"end":6982.37},{"text":"не","start":6982.37,"end":6982.49},{"text":"только","start":6982.49,"end":6982.86},{"text":"наша","start":6983.17,"end":6983.45},{"text":"страна","start":6983.45,"end":6983.86}]},{"text":"В прошлом году я уже говорил о заключенных к России двусторонних соглашениях с рядом стран, гарантирующих соблюдение международно правовых норм об иммунитетах.","start":6984.37,"end":6992.45,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"В","start":6984.37,"end":6984.37},{"text":"прошлом","start":6984.38,"end":6984.71},{"text":"году","start":6984.71,"end":6985.02},{"text":"я","start":6985.02,"end":6985.18},{"text":"уже","start":6985.18,"end":6985.36},{"text":"говорил","start":6985.36,"end":6985.77},{"text":"о","start":6986.57,"end":6986.61},{"text":"заключенных","start":6986.61,"end":6987.16},{"text":"к","start":6987.16,"end":6987.21},{"text":"России","start":6987.21,"end":6987.56},{"text":"двусторонних","start":6987.57,"end":6988.15},{"text":"соглашениях","start":6988.15,"end":6988.74},{"text":"с","start":6988.77,"end":6988.82},{"text":"рядом","start":6988.82,"end":6989.13},{"text":"стран","start":6989.13,"end":6989.53},{"text":"гарантирующих","start":6989.53,"end":6990.21},{"text":"соблюдение","start":6990.21,"end":6990.67},{"text":"международно","start":6990.69,"end":6991.09},{"text":"правовых","start":6991.09,"end":6991.47},{"text":"норм","start":6991.47,"end":6991.72},{"text":"об","start":6991.72,"end":6991.85},{"text":"иммунитетах","start":6991.88,"end":6992.45}]},{"text":"Некоторые из них уже вступили в силу и применяются на практике.","start":6993.83,"end":6996.66,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Некоторые","start":6993.83,"end":6994.21},{"text":"из","start":6994.21,"end":6994.3},{"text":"них","start":6994.31,"end":6994.46},{"text":"уже","start":6994.46,"end":6994.6},{"text":"вступили","start":6994.61,"end":6995.01},{"text":"в","start":6995.04,"end":6995.09},{"text":"силу","start":6995.09,"end":6995.45},{"text":"и","start":6995.45,"end":6995.51},{"text":"применяются","start":6995.53,"end":6995.97},{"text":"на","start":6995.98,"end":6996.12},{"text":"практике","start":6996.12,"end":6996.66}]},{"text":"На днях секретариат ООН передано для распространения подписанное в этом году россией и Китаем совместное декларация о соблюдении норм, касающихся иммунитета должностных лиц и усиление взаимной защиты граждан от злоупотреблений в области уголовной юстиции.","start":6998.25,"end":7016.08,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"На","start":6998.25,"end":6998.41},{"text":"днях","start":6998.42,"end":6998.65},{"text":"секретариат","start":6998.65,"end":6999.2},{"text":"ООН","start":6999.2,"end":6999.36},{"text":"передано","start":6999.37,"end":6999.96},{"text":"для","start":7000.05,"end":7000.18},{"text":"распространения","start":7000.18,"end":7001},{"text":"подписанное","start":7005.16,"end":7005.73},{"text":"в","start":7005.73,"end":7005.77},{"text":"этом","start":7005.78,"end":7005.96},{"text":"году","start":7005.96,"end":7006.17},{"text":"россией","start":7006.18,"end":7006.45},{"text":"и","start":7006.45,"end":7006.49},{"text":"Китаем","start":7006.49,"end":7006.9},{"text":"совместное","start":7006.92,"end":7007.51},{"text":"декларация","start":7007.53,"end":7008.24},{"text":"о","start":7008.25,"end":7008.33},{"text":"соблюдении","start":7008.33,"end":7008.85},{"text":"норм","start":7008.85,"end":7009.17},{"text":"касающихся","start":7009.17,"end":7009.81},{"text":"иммунитета","start":7009.81,"end":7010.32},{"text":"должностных","start":7010.32,"end":7010.89},{"text":"лиц","start":7010.89,"end":7011.2},{"text":"и","start":7012.31,"end":7012.41},{"text":"усиление","start":7012.41,"end":7012.86},{"text":"взаимной","start":7012.87,"end":7013.23},{"text":"защиты","start":7013.23,"end":7013.61},{"text":"граждан","start":7013.61,"end":7014.06},{"text":"от","start":7014.06,"end":7014.21},{"text":"злоупотреблений","start":7014.21,"end":7014.84},{"text":"в","start":7014.84,"end":7014.91},{"text":"области","start":7014.91,"end":7015.19},{"text":"уголовной","start":7015.2,"end":7015.57},{"text":"юстиции","start":7015.57,"end":7016.08}]},{"text":"В ней отражается убежденность сторон в том, что международные нормы, касающиеся иммунитета, всегда должны соблюдаться всеми государствами.","start":7017.17,"end":7024.52,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"В","start":7017.17,"end":7017.17},{"text":"ней","start":7017.17,"end":7017.31},{"text":"отражается","start":7017.31,"end":7017.79},{"text":"убежденность","start":7017.81,"end":7018.57},{"text":"сторон","start":7018.58,"end":7018.97},{"text":"в","start":7018.97,"end":7019.04},{"text":"том","start":7019.04,"end":7019.33},{"text":"что","start":7020.41,"end":7020.6},{"text":"международные","start":7020.61,"end":7021.03},{"text":"нормы","start":7021.04,"end":7021.3},{"text":"касающиеся","start":7021.3,"end":7021.86},{"text":"иммунитета","start":7021.86,"end":7022.38},{"text":"всегда","start":7022.42,"end":7022.81},{"text":"должны","start":7022.81,"end":7023.05},{"text":"соблюдаться","start":7023.06,"end":7023.53},{"text":"всеми","start":7023.55,"end":7023.81},{"text":"государствами","start":7023.81,"end":7024.52}]},{"text":"Любая мера, нарушающая такие обязательства, противоречит принципу суверенного равенства государств и может способствовать эскалации напряженности.","start":7025.54,"end":7033.42,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Любая","start":7025.54,"end":7025.89},{"text":"мера","start":7025.89,"end":7026.13},{"text":"нарушающая","start":7026.13,"end":7026.57},{"text":"такие","start":7026.57,"end":7026.82},{"text":"обязательства","start":7026.9,"end":7027.35},{"text":"противоречит","start":7027.36,"end":7027.96},{"text":"принципу","start":7027.96,"end":7028.38},{"text":"суверенного","start":7028.38,"end":7029.28},{"text":"равенства","start":7029.28,"end":7029.68},{"text":"государств","start":7029.69,"end":7030.21},{"text":"и","start":7031.33,"end":7031.44},{"text":"может","start":7031.45,"end":7031.62},{"text":"способствовать","start":7031.62,"end":7032.17},{"text":"эскалации","start":7032.17,"end":7032.66},{"text":"напряженности","start":7032.69,"end":7033.42}]},{"text":"Парушения норм международного права, касающихся иммунитета, влекут за собой международную ответственность и дают основания для принятия ответных мер.","start":7034.37,"end":7044.12,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Парушения","start":7034.37,"end":7034.82},{"text":"норм","start":7034.82,"end":7035.01},{"text":"международного","start":7035.01,"end":7035.41},{"text":"права","start":7035.41,"end":7035.77},{"text":"касающихся","start":7036.35,"end":7036.86},{"text":"иммунитета","start":7036.86,"end":7037.54},{"text":"влекут","start":7037.91,"end":7038.2},{"text":"за","start":7038.2,"end":7038.28},{"text":"собой","start":7038.28,"end":7038.57},{"text":"международную","start":7038.57,"end":7038.97},{"text":"ответственность","start":7038.97,"end":7039.53},{"text":"и","start":7041.33,"end":7041.44},{"text":"дают","start":7041.44,"end":7041.67},{"text":"основания","start":7041.67,"end":7042.08},{"text":"для","start":7042.09,"end":7042.2},{"text":"принятия","start":7042.21,"end":7042.57},{"text":"ответных","start":7042.57,"end":7043.09},{"text":"мер","start":7043.81,"end":7044.12}]},{"text":"Хотя бы вновь со всей определенностью заявить государства, которые настаивают на существовании исключения из иммунитета, фактически декларируют готовность нарушать иммунитет иностранных должностных лиц.","start":7045.7,"end":7058.13,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Хотя","start":7045.7,"end":7045.99},{"text":"бы","start":7045.99,"end":7046.12},{"text":"вновь","start":7046.12,"end":7046.39},{"text":"со","start":7046.41,"end":7046.57},{"text":"всей","start":7046.57,"end":7046.76},{"text":"определенностью","start":7046.76,"end":7047.28},{"text":"заявить","start":7047.28,"end":7047.7},{"text":"государства","start":7049.33,"end":7049.81},{"text":"которые","start":7049.81,"end":7050.12},{"text":"настаивают","start":7050.12,"end":7050.69},{"text":"на","start":7050.69,"end":7050.79},{"text":"существовании","start":7050.8,"end":7051.25},{"text":"исключения","start":7051.25,"end":7051.74},{"text":"из","start":7051.77,"end":7051.81},{"text":"иммунитета","start":7051.84,"end":7052.49},{"text":"фактически","start":7054.27,"end":7054.83},{"text":"декларируют","start":7054.83,"end":7055.37},{"text":"готовность","start":7055.37,"end":7055.86},{"text":"нарушать","start":7055.86,"end":7056.31},{"text":"иммунитет","start":7056.33,"end":7056.77},{"text":"иностранных","start":7056.77,"end":7057.34},{"text":"должностных","start":7057.34,"end":7057.88},{"text":"лиц","start":7057.88,"end":7058.13}]},{"text":"Такие государства не вправе рассчитывать на уважение иммунитета их собственных представителей и должны быть готовы понести ответственность за свои нарушения.","start":7060.24,"end":7068.58,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Такие","start":7060.24,"end":7060.51},{"text":"государства","start":7060.51,"end":7060.99},{"text":"не","start":7060.99,"end":7061.14},{"text":"вправе","start":7061.14,"end":7061.6},{"text":"рассчитывать","start":7062.22,"end":7062.73},{"text":"на","start":7062.73,"end":7062.81},{"text":"уважение","start":7062.81,"end":7063.13},{"text":"иммунитета","start":7063.13,"end":7063.59},{"text":"их","start":7063.6,"end":7063.76},{"text":"собственных","start":7063.76,"end":7064.24},{"text":"представителей","start":7064.24,"end":7064.92},{"text":"и","start":7065.97,"end":7066.05},{"text":"должны","start":7066.05,"end":7066.29},{"text":"быть","start":7066.29,"end":7066.44},{"text":"готовы","start":7066.44,"end":7066.73},{"text":"понести","start":7066.73,"end":7067.11},{"text":"ответственность","start":7067.13,"end":7067.65},{"text":"за","start":7067.67,"end":7067.8},{"text":"свои","start":7067.8,"end":7068},{"text":"нарушения","start":7068.01,"end":7068.58}]},{"text":"Это касается тех случаев, когда иммунитет нарушает не отдельная государства, а создана государственная многосторонняя структура, такая как так званый Международный уголовный суд.","start":7069.59,"end":7082.81,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Это","start":7069.59,"end":7069.8},{"text":"касается","start":7069.8,"end":7070.21},{"text":"тех","start":7070.24,"end":7070.47},{"text":"случаев","start":7070.48,"end":7070.89},{"text":"когда","start":7072.59,"end":7072.84},{"text":"иммунитет","start":7072.84,"end":7073.29},{"text":"нарушает","start":7073.61,"end":7073.61},{"text":"не","start":7073.62,"end":7073.77},{"text":"отдельная","start":7073.77,"end":7074.17},{"text":"государства","start":7074.17,"end":7074.84},{"text":"а","start":7076.17,"end":7076.33},{"text":"создана","start":7076.33,"end":7076.79},{"text":"государственная","start":7076.79,"end":7077.34},{"text":"многосторонняя","start":7077.35,"end":7077.95},{"text":"структура","start":7077.96,"end":7078.56},{"text":"такая","start":7079.41,"end":7079.7},{"text":"как","start":7079.74,"end":7080},{"text":"так","start":7080.29,"end":7080.48},{"text":"званый","start":7080.61,"end":7081.14},{"text":"Международный","start":7081.4,"end":7082.05},{"text":"уголовный","start":7082.05,"end":7082.53},{"text":"суд","start":7082.53,"end":7082.81}]},{"text":"Панове председатель, в России есть немало вопросов и к другим положениям проектов статей, так мы не согласны с жестким ограничением круга лиц, пользующихся персональным иммунитетом традиционной тройкой.","start":7084.55,"end":7096.53,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Панове","start":7084.55,"end":7084.93},{"text":"председатель","start":7084.93,"end":7085.5},{"text":"в","start":7086.13,"end":7086.3},{"text":"России","start":7086.3,"end":7086.59},{"text":"есть","start":7086.59,"end":7086.79},{"text":"немало","start":7086.79,"end":7087.17},{"text":"вопросов","start":7087.17,"end":7087.53},{"text":"и","start":7087.53,"end":7087.59},{"text":"к","start":7087.59,"end":7087.63},{"text":"другим","start":7087.63,"end":7087.9},{"text":"положениям","start":7087.91,"end":7088.35},{"text":"проектов","start":7088.35,"end":7088.69},{"text":"статей","start":7088.71,"end":7089.21},{"text":"так","start":7089.98,"end":7090.17},{"text":"мы","start":7090.2,"end":7090.29},{"text":"не","start":7090.3,"end":7090.37},{"text":"согласны","start":7090.37,"end":7090.85},{"text":"с","start":7090.85,"end":7090.89},{"text":"жестким","start":7090.89,"end":7091.26},{"text":"ограничением","start":7091.29,"end":7091.77},{"text":"круга","start":7091.77,"end":7092.07},{"text":"лиц","start":7092.07,"end":7092.34},{"text":"пользующихся","start":7093.01,"end":7093.97},{"text":"персональным","start":7094.22,"end":7094.88},{"text":"иммунитетом","start":7094.89,"end":7095.42},{"text":"традиционной","start":7095.43,"end":7096.03},{"text":"тройкой","start":7096.04,"end":7096.53}]},{"text":"Что касается четвертой части проектов статей, полагаем, что содержащиеся в ней положения представляют собой прогрессивное развитие международного права и полезно лишь в качестве руководящих принципов.","start":7097.97,"end":7109.82,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Что","start":7097.97,"end":7098.13},{"text":"касается","start":7098.24,"end":7098.53},{"text":"четвертой","start":7098.58,"end":7099.02},{"text":"части","start":7099.02,"end":7099.33},{"text":"проектов","start":7099.33,"end":7099.69},{"text":"статей","start":7099.7,"end":7100.17},{"text":"полагаем","start":7101.01,"end":7101.46},{"text":"что","start":7101.46,"end":7101.61},{"text":"содержащиеся","start":7101.62,"end":7102.42},{"text":"в","start":7102.42,"end":7102.47},{"text":"ней","start":7102.48,"end":7102.61},{"text":"положения","start":7102.63,"end":7103.12},{"text":"представляют","start":7103.13,"end":7103.6},{"text":"собой","start":7103.6,"end":7103.94},{"text":"прогрессивное","start":7103.95,"end":7104.65},{"text":"развитие","start":7104.65,"end":7104.98},{"text":"международного","start":7104.98,"end":7105.41},{"text":"права","start":7105.41,"end":7105.77},{"text":"и","start":7107.09,"end":7107.2},{"text":"полезно","start":7107.2,"end":7107.59},{"text":"лишь","start":7107.59,"end":7107.8},{"text":"в","start":7107.86,"end":7107.88},{"text":"качестве","start":7107.88,"end":7108.22},{"text":"руководящих","start":7108.65,"end":7109.3},{"text":"принципов","start":7109.32,"end":7109.82}]},{"text":"В свете изложенного Россия твердо убеждена, что принятые комиссией проекты статей в их нынешнем виде не могут служить подходящей основой для разработки международной конвенции.","start":7111.83,"end":7121.32,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"В","start":7111.83,"end":7111.85},{"text":"свете","start":7111.85,"end":7112.44},{"text":"изложенного","start":7112.44,"end":7113.04},{"text":"Россия","start":7113.05,"end":7113.34},{"text":"твердо","start":7113.34,"end":7113.65},{"text":"убеждена","start":7113.65,"end":7114.17},{"text":"что","start":7114.17,"end":7114.6},{"text":"принятые","start":7114.77,"end":7115.41},{"text":"комиссией","start":7116.05,"end":7116.53},{"text":"проекты","start":7116.53,"end":7116.81},{"text":"статей","start":7116.81,"end":7117.14},{"text":"в","start":7117.14,"end":7117.22},{"text":"их","start":7117.22,"end":7117.34},{"text":"нынешнем","start":7117.34,"end":7117.68},{"text":"виде","start":7117.68,"end":7117.97},{"text":"не","start":7117.97,"end":7118.13},{"text":"могут","start":7118.13,"end":7118.41},{"text":"служить","start":7118.42,"end":7118.76},{"text":"подходящей","start":7118.76,"end":7119.27},{"text":"основой","start":7119.27,"end":7119.65},{"text":"для","start":7119.65,"end":7119.77},{"text":"разработки","start":7119.77,"end":7120.3},{"text":"международной","start":7120.31,"end":7120.73},{"text":"конвенции","start":7120.73,"end":7121.32}]},{"text":"Однако в принципе конвенция на эту тему востребована.","start":7122.89,"end":7125.33,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Однако","start":7122.89,"end":7123.2},{"text":"в","start":7123.2,"end":7123.22},{"text":"принципе","start":7123.22,"end":7123.59},{"text":"конвенция","start":7123.59,"end":7124.04},{"text":"на","start":7124.05,"end":7124.13},{"text":"эту","start":7124.16,"end":7124.31},{"text":"тему","start":7124.32,"end":7124.6},{"text":"востребована","start":7124.63,"end":7125.33}]},{"text":"Она могла бы состояться, если в основу ее разработки было бы положено стремление к консенсусу на базе действующих норм международного права.","start":7126.32,"end":7133.43,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Она","start":7126.32,"end":7126.49},{"text":"могла","start":7126.49,"end":7126.8},{"text":"бы","start":7126.8,"end":7126.92},{"text":"состояться","start":7126.92,"end":7127.56},{"text":"если","start":7127.59,"end":7127.84},{"text":"в","start":7127.84,"end":7127.9},{"text":"основу","start":7127.9,"end":7128.16},{"text":"ее","start":7128.16,"end":7128.31},{"text":"разработки","start":7128.31,"end":7128.83},{"text":"было","start":7128.84,"end":7129.02},{"text":"бы","start":7129.02,"end":7129.11},{"text":"положено","start":7129.12,"end":7129.51},{"text":"стремление","start":7129.51,"end":7129.99},{"text":"к","start":7130,"end":7130.01},{"text":"консенсусу","start":7130.01,"end":7130.74},{"text":"на","start":7131.52,"end":7131.64},{"text":"базе","start":7131.65,"end":7131.95},{"text":"действующих","start":7131.95,"end":7132.44},{"text":"норм","start":7132.44,"end":7132.61},{"text":"международного","start":7132.61,"end":7133.11},{"text":"права","start":7133.11,"end":7133.43}]},{"text":"Будь и нововведения желающего государства вправе предусмотреть предусматривать отношениях между собой, не навязывая остальным.","start":7134.34,"end":7142.68,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Будь","start":7134.34,"end":7134.36},{"text":"и","start":7134.4,"end":7134.64},{"text":"нововведения","start":7134.65,"end":7135.48},{"text":"желающего","start":7135.55,"end":7135.99},{"text":"государства","start":7136.33,"end":7136.86},{"text":"вправе","start":7136.91,"end":7137.21},{"text":"предусмотреть","start":7137.22,"end":7137.25},{"text":"предусматривать","start":7137.25,"end":7137.77},{"text":"отношениях","start":7137.77,"end":7138.3},{"text":"между","start":7138.31,"end":7138.62},{"text":"собой","start":7138.62,"end":7139.09},{"text":"не","start":7141.56,"end":7141.74},{"text":"навязывая","start":7141.74,"end":7142.2},{"text":"остальным","start":7142.2,"end":7142.68}]},{"text":"Поэтому предлагаем, чтобы в резолюции на данную тему Генеральная Ассамблея дала бы государствам достаточно времени для изучения проектов статей, и направление комментариев.","start":7143.84,"end":7152.36,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Поэтому","start":7143.84,"end":7144.16},{"text":"предлагаем","start":7144.18,"end":7144.67},{"text":"чтобы","start":7144.67,"end":7144.88},{"text":"в","start":7144.91,"end":7144.97},{"text":"резолюции","start":7144.99,"end":7145.45},{"text":"на","start":7145.45,"end":7145.59},{"text":"данную","start":7145.6,"end":7145.93},{"text":"тему","start":7145.94,"end":7146.36},{"text":"Генеральная","start":7146.37,"end":7146.85},{"text":"Ассамблея","start":7146.85,"end":7147.31},{"text":"дала","start":7147.31,"end":7147.57},{"text":"бы","start":7147.58,"end":7147.67},{"text":"государствам","start":7147.7,"end":7148.2},{"text":"достаточно","start":7148.2,"end":7148.83},{"text":"времени","start":7148.84,"end":7149.19},{"text":"для","start":7149.19,"end":7149.24},{"text":"изучения","start":7149.24,"end":7149.67},{"text":"проектов","start":7149.68,"end":7149.97},{"text":"статей","start":7149.97,"end":7150.42},{"text":"и","start":7151.2,"end":7151.25},{"text":"направление","start":7151.28,"end":7151.72},{"text":"комментариев","start":7151.72,"end":7152.36}]},{"text":"С учетом сложившейся практики было бы разумным отложить дальнейшие шаги и вернуться к рассмотрению вопроса через несколько лет для всестороннего обмена мнениями.","start":7153.82,"end":7162.53,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"С","start":7153.82,"end":7153.84},{"text":"учетом","start":7153.84,"end":7154.19},{"text":"сложившейся","start":7154.21,"end":7154.7},{"text":"практики","start":7154.72,"end":7155.12},{"text":"было","start":7155.12,"end":7155.28},{"text":"бы","start":7155.28,"end":7155.36},{"text":"разумным","start":7155.36,"end":7155.8},{"text":"отложить","start":7155.81,"end":7156.2},{"text":"дальнейшие","start":7156.2,"end":7156.54},{"text":"шаги","start":7156.54,"end":7156.9},{"text":"и","start":7156.92,"end":7157.01},{"text":"вернуться","start":7157.02,"end":7157.31},{"text":"к","start":7157.33,"end":7157.4},{"text":"рассмотрению","start":7157.4,"end":7157.88},{"text":"вопроса","start":7157.88,"end":7158.22},{"text":"через","start":7158.24,"end":7158.46},{"text":"несколько","start":7158.46,"end":7158.77},{"text":"лет","start":7158.78,"end":7159.03},{"text":"для","start":7160.84,"end":7161.1},{"text":"всестороннего","start":7161.12,"end":7161.76},{"text":"обмена","start":7161.76,"end":7161.78},{"text":"мнениями","start":7161.78,"end":7162.53}]},{"text":"Госпожа председатель ознакомились с окончательной версией проекта выводов комиссии по теме Общие принципы права испытываем в этой связи смешанные чувства.","start":7164.85,"end":7174.55,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"Госпожа","start":7164.85,"end":7165.24},{"text":"председатель","start":7165.25,"end":7165.81},{"text":"ознакомились","start":7166,"end":7166.73},{"text":"с","start":7166.73,"end":7166.82},{"text":"окончательной","start":7166.82,"end":7167.34},{"text":"версией","start":7167.35,"end":7167.71},{"text":"проекта","start":7167.71,"end":7168.08},{"text":"выводов","start":7168.08,"end":7168.58},{"text":"комиссии","start":7168.63,"end":7169.07},{"text":"по","start":7169.07,"end":7169.2},{"text":"теме","start":7169.2,"end":7169.48},{"text":"Общие","start":7169.49,"end":7169.95},{"text":"принципы","start":7169.96,"end":7170.4},{"text":"права","start":7170.4,"end":7170.76},{"text":"испытываем","start":7172.56,"end":7173.12},{"text":"в","start":7173.13,"end":7173.19},{"text":"этой","start":7173.2,"end":7173.36},{"text":"связи","start":7173.36,"end":7173.68},{"text":"смешанные","start":7173.69,"end":7174.08},{"text":"чувства","start":7174.1,"end":7174.55}]},{"text":"С одной стороны спецдокладчиком и комиссией в целом проделана масштабная, добротная работа.","start":7176.34,"end":7181.16,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"С","start":7176.34,"end":7176.45},{"text":"одной","start":7176.56,"end":7176.67},{"text":"стороны","start":7176.67,"end":7176.98},{"text":"спецдокладчиком","start":7176.98,"end":7177.89},{"text":"и","start":7177.89,"end":7177.92},{"text":"комиссией","start":7177.92,"end":7178.49},{"text":"в","start":7178.49,"end":7178.55},{"text":"целом","start":7178.55,"end":7178.81},{"text":"проделана","start":7178.81,"end":7179.34},{"text":"масштабная","start":7179.34,"end":7180.11},{"text":"добротная","start":7180.12,"end":7180.69},{"text":"работа","start":7180.69,"end":7181.16}]},{"text":"С другой, эта работа вскрыла значительный объем внутренних противоречий, которые, видимо, присущи явлению общих принципов права, но которые комиссия, на наш взгляд, пока не смогла разрешить.","start":7183.07,"end":7193.7,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"С","start":7183.07,"end":7183.12},{"text":"другой","start":7183.12,"end":7183.46},{"text":"эта","start":7183.5,"end":7183.6},{"text":"работа","start":7183.6,"end":7184.04},{"text":"вскрыла","start":7184.04,"end":7184.41},{"text":"значительный","start":7184.41,"end":7184.83},{"text":"объем","start":7184.83,"end":7185.12},{"text":"внутренних","start":7185.12,"end":7185.52},{"text":"противоречий","start":7185.52,"end":7186.2},{"text":"которые","start":7186.21,"end":7186.84},{"text":"видимо","start":7186.96,"end":7187.44},{"text":"присущи","start":7187.45,"end":7188.07},{"text":"явлению","start":7188.08,"end":7188.67},{"text":"общих","start":7189.13,"end":7189.53},{"text":"принципов","start":7189.56,"end":7189.96},{"text":"права","start":7189.96,"end":7190.4},{"text":"но","start":7191.16,"end":7191.28},{"text":"которые","start":7191.28,"end":7191.64},{"text":"комиссия","start":7191.64,"end":7192.01},{"text":"на","start":7192.01,"end":7192.12},{"text":"наш","start":7192.13,"end":7192.19},{"text":"взгляд","start":7192.19,"end":7192.39},{"text":"пока","start":7192.39,"end":7192.62},{"text":"не","start":7192.62,"end":7192.7},{"text":"смогла","start":7192.7,"end":7193.05},{"text":"разрешить","start":7193.05,"end":7193.7}]},{"text":"Так вновь вынуждена высказать сомнения относительно концепции транспонирования общих принципов из национальных правовых систем.","start":7194.48,"end":7201.03,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"Так","start":7194.48,"end":7194.76},{"text":"вновь","start":7194.76,"end":7195},{"text":"вынуждена","start":7195,"end":7195.47},{"text":"высказать","start":7195.47,"end":7195.79},{"text":"сомнения","start":7195.79,"end":7196.49},{"text":"относительно","start":7196.8,"end":7197.32},{"text":"концепции","start":7197.32,"end":7197.84},{"text":"транспонирования","start":7197.84,"end":7198.74},{"text":"общих","start":7198.76,"end":7199.02},{"text":"принципов","start":7199.02,"end":7199.48},{"text":"из","start":7199.48,"end":7199.63},{"text":"национальных","start":7199.63,"end":7200.2},{"text":"правовых","start":7200.2,"end":7200.52},{"text":"систем","start":7200.52,"end":7201.03}]},{"text":"Согласно с комиссией, что для такого транспонирования не требуется формализованной процедуры, что с другой стороны оно не происходит автоматически.","start":7202.79,"end":7213.03,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"Согласно","start":7202.79,"end":7203.34},{"text":"с","start":7203.34,"end":7203.53},{"text":"комиссией","start":7203.84,"end":7204.38},{"text":"что","start":7204.39,"end":7204.6},{"text":"для","start":7204.6,"end":7204.71},{"text":"такого","start":7204.72,"end":7205.27},{"text":"транспонирования","start":7205.31,"end":7206.27},{"text":"не","start":7206.28,"end":7206.46},{"text":"требуется","start":7206.47,"end":7207.09},{"text":"формализованной","start":7207.24,"end":7207.95},{"text":"процедуры","start":7207.96,"end":7208.54},{"text":"что","start":7209.72,"end":7209.9},{"text":"с","start":7209.92,"end":7209.96},{"text":"другой","start":7209.96,"end":7210.24},{"text":"стороны","start":7210.24,"end":7210.66},{"text":"оно","start":7211.39,"end":7211.63},{"text":"не","start":7211.64,"end":7211.74},{"text":"происходит","start":7211.74,"end":7212.19},{"text":"автоматически","start":7212.23,"end":7213.03}]},{"text":"Однако идея о том, что для констатации состоявшегося транспонирования достаточно установить совместимость принципа с международной правовой системой, кажется нам недостаточно убедительной.","start":7214.08,"end":7226.44,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"Однако","start":7214.08,"end":7214.48},{"text":"идея","start":7214.51,"end":7214.84},{"text":"о","start":7214.84,"end":7214.87},{"text":"том","start":7214.87,"end":7215.05},{"text":"что","start":7215.06,"end":7215.24},{"text":"для","start":7215.24,"end":7215.37},{"text":"констатации","start":7215.39,"end":7216.18},{"text":"состоявшегося","start":7217.32,"end":7218.03},{"text":"транспонирования","start":7218.03,"end":7218.75},{"text":"достаточно","start":7218.79,"end":7219.12},{"text":"установить","start":7219.12,"end":7219.79},{"text":"совместимость","start":7219.85,"end":7220.59},{"text":"принципа","start":7220.6,"end":7221.24},{"text":"с","start":7221.72,"end":7221.85},{"text":"международной","start":7221.85,"end":7222.28},{"text":"правовой","start":7222.28,"end":7222.54},{"text":"системой","start":7222.54,"end":7223.09},{"text":"кажется","start":7224.36,"end":7224.82},{"text":"нам","start":7224.82,"end":7225},{"text":"недостаточно","start":7225.03,"end":7225.69},{"text":"убедительной","start":7225.71,"end":7226.44}]},{"text":"Одной лишь объективной совместимости здесь явно мало требуется в той или иной форме проявление воли государства.","start":7228.04,"end":7234.55,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"Одной","start":7228.04,"end":7228.31},{"text":"лишь","start":7228.31,"end":7228.57},{"text":"объективной","start":7228.61,"end":7229.13},{"text":"совместимости","start":7229.15,"end":7229.96},{"text":"здесь","start":7229.96,"end":7230.2},{"text":"явно","start":7230.21,"end":7230.47},{"text":"мало","start":7230.48,"end":7230.82},{"text":"требуется","start":7231.16,"end":7231.84},{"text":"в","start":7231.92,"end":7232.02},{"text":"той","start":7232.02,"end":7232.16},{"text":"или","start":7232.2,"end":7232.24},{"text":"иной","start":7232.26,"end":7232.56},{"text":"форме","start":7232.8,"end":7233.22},{"text":"проявление","start":7233.22,"end":7233.69},{"text":"воли","start":7233.69,"end":7233.94},{"text":"государства","start":7233.94,"end":7234.55}]},{"text":"Спорной остается концепция общих принципов, которые могут быть сформированы в самой международно правовой системе.","start":7236.01,"end":7243.29,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. 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Так комиссия ООН по праву международной торговли, юниситрал при определении своего мандата в данной сфере сознательно отказался от разработки универсального материального правового регулирования ключевым фактором послужило то, что материально правовые стандарты согласовываются на двостороннем уровне, единого подхода не требуется.","start":7368.75,"end":7391.7,"topics":[{"key":"investment-regulatory-right","label":"The Right to Regulate in International Investment Law","description":"Speakers addressed the proposed study of states' right to regulate in international investment law. 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того, очевидно, что приток новых сложнейших вопросов рассеивает внимание комиссии, а скорость приобретает первостепенное значение, оказывая плохое влияние на качество ее итогов итоговых продуктов достижения консенсуса.","start":7476.19,"end":7490.55,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Кроме","start":7476.19,"end":7476.7},{"text":"того","start":7476.71,"end":7476.9},{"text":"очевидно","start":7476.91,"end":7477.3},{"text":"что","start":7477.3,"end":7477.44},{"text":"приток","start":7477.47,"end":7477.75},{"text":"новых","start":7477.79,"end":7478.05},{"text":"сложнейших","start":7478.05,"end":7478.55},{"text":"вопросов","start":7478.55,"end":7479.12},{"text":"рассеивает","start":7479.74,"end":7480.33},{"text":"внимание","start":7480.33,"end":7480.69},{"text":"комиссии","start":7480.7,"end":7481.14},{"text":"а","start":7481.14,"end":7481.18},{"text":"скорость","start":7481.19,"end":7481.58},{"text":"приобретает","start":7481.58,"end":7482.17},{"text":"первостепенное","start":7482.23,"end":7482.98},{"text":"значение","start":7482.98,"end":7483.63},{"text":"оказывая","start":7486.01,"end":7486.7},{"text":"плохое","start":7486.75,"end":7487.07},{"text":"влияние","start":7487.07,"end":7487.55},{"text":"на","start":7487.55,"end":7487.71},{"text":"качество","start":7487.71,"end":7488.15},{"text":"ее","start":7488.15,"end":7488.19},{"text":"итогов","start":7488.19,"end":7488.57},{"text":"итоговых","start":7488.57,"end":7488.75},{"text":"продуктов","start":7488.75,"end":7489.26},{"text":"достижения","start":7489.26,"end":7489.73},{"text":"консенсуса","start":7489.87,"end":7490.55}]},{"text":"В этой связи призываем комиссию привлекать сдержанность и следовать практике компромиссных решений.","start":7491.55,"end":7496.47,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"В","start":7491.55,"end":7491.65},{"text":"этой","start":7491.66,"end":7491.81},{"text":"связи","start":7491.81,"end":7492.09},{"text":"призываем","start":7492.09,"end":7492.42},{"text":"комиссию","start":7492.44,"end":7492.75},{"text":"привлекать","start":7492.75,"end":7493.05},{"text":"сдержанность","start":7493.05,"end":7493.66},{"text":"и","start":7494.4,"end":7494.49},{"text":"следовать","start":7494.49,"end":7494.86},{"text":"практике","start":7494.86,"end":7495.27},{"text":"компромиссных","start":7495.28,"end":7495.94},{"text":"решений","start":7495.95,"end":7496.47}]},{"text":"Госпожа председатель резолюции 80/ 80/295 Генассамблея провозгласила 2028 год году международного права.","start":7498.06,"end":7507.19,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Госпожа","start":7498.06,"end":7498.46},{"text":"председатель","start":7498.46,"end":7499.1},{"text":"резолюции","start":7500.38,"end":7500.9},{"text":"80/","start":7500.9,"end":7501.57},{"text":"80/295","start":7501.57,"end":7502.66},{"text":"Генассамблея","start":7502.86,"end":7503.65},{"text":"провозгласила","start":7503.67,"end":7504.46},{"text":"2028","start":7504.78,"end":7505.74},{"text":"год","start":7505.77,"end":7506.06},{"text":"году","start":7506.06,"end":7506.34},{"text":"международного","start":7506.34,"end":7506.81},{"text":"права","start":7506.81,"end":7507.19}]},{"text":"В Туркменистане, одном из немногих государств, соблюдающих настоящий фальшивый нейтралитет, планируется проведение глобального форума по международному праву.","start":7509.54,"end":7518.89,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"В","start":7509.54,"end":7509.59},{"text":"Туркменистане","start":7509.59,"end":7510.3},{"text":"одном","start":7510.3,"end":7510.56},{"text":"из","start":7510.56,"end":7510.7},{"text":"немногих","start":7510.7,"end":7511.14},{"text":"государств","start":7511.14,"end":7511.62},{"text":"соблюдающих","start":7511.62,"end":7512.22},{"text":"настоящий","start":7512.39,"end":7512.94},{"text":"фальшивый","start":7513.54,"end":7513.97},{"text":"нейтралитет","start":7513.98,"end":7514.57},{"text":"планируется","start":7515.82,"end":7516.32},{"text":"проведение","start":7516.69,"end":7517.22},{"text":"глобального","start":7517.22,"end":7517.7},{"text":"форума","start":7517.7,"end":7518.06},{"text":"по","start":7518.06,"end":7518.15},{"text":"международному","start":7518.15,"end":7518.54},{"text":"праву","start":7518.54,"end":7518.89}]},{"text":"Россия с большим интересом длится на эту перспективу.","start":7519.86,"end":7523.18,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Россия","start":7519.86,"end":7520.34},{"text":"с","start":7520.82,"end":7520.93},{"text":"большим","start":7520.93,"end":7521.22},{"text":"интересом","start":7521.26,"end":7521.67},{"text":"длится","start":7521.67,"end":7522.05},{"text":"на","start":7522.06,"end":7522.16},{"text":"эту","start":7522.17,"end":7522.32},{"text":"перспективу","start":7522.32,"end":7523.18}]},{"text":"Полагаю, что шестому комитету, так и комиссии международного права, есть над чем подумать в передверие этого мероприятия.","start":7523.2,"end":7528.46,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Полагаю","start":7523.2,"end":7523.6},{"text":"что","start":7523.61,"end":7523.76},{"text":"шестому","start":7523.76,"end":7524.06},{"text":"комитету","start":7524.09,"end":7524.68},{"text":"так","start":7524.68,"end":7524.88},{"text":"и","start":7524.89,"end":7524.93},{"text":"комиссии","start":7524.93,"end":7525.4},{"text":"международного","start":7525.4,"end":7525.8},{"text":"права","start":7525.8,"end":7526.1},{"text":"есть","start":7526.1,"end":7526.33},{"text":"над","start":7526.33,"end":7526.43},{"text":"чем","start":7526.43,"end":7526.61},{"text":"подумать","start":7526.62,"end":7527.03},{"text":"в","start":7527.03,"end":7527.06},{"text":"передверие","start":7527.06,"end":7527.51},{"text":"этого","start":7527.56,"end":7527.75},{"text":"мероприятия","start":7527.75,"end":7528.46}]},{"text":"Призываем комиссию в ходе сессии 27 28 годов рассмотреть вопрос своего возможного вклада в эту инициативу.","start":7529.78,"end":7537.49,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Призываем","start":7529.78,"end":7530.23},{"text":"комиссию","start":7530.23,"end":7530.56},{"text":"в","start":7530.57,"end":7530.62},{"text":"ходе","start":7530.62,"end":7530.88},{"text":"сессии","start":7530.88,"end":7531.06},{"text":"27","start":7531.06,"end":7531.79},{"text":"28","start":7532.06,"end":7532.54},{"text":"годов","start":7532.62,"end":7533.02},{"text":"рассмотреть","start":7533.02,"end":7533.74},{"text":"вопрос","start":7533.82,"end":7534.26},{"text":"своего","start":7534.26,"end":7534.77},{"text":"возможного","start":7535.74,"end":7536.24},{"text":"вклада","start":7536.25,"end":7536.6},{"text":"в","start":7536.61,"end":7536.68},{"text":"эту","start":7536.82,"end":7536.86},{"text":"инициативу","start":7536.86,"end":7537.49}]},{"text":"Предлагаем свежим взглядом посмотреть на имеющуюся практику кодификации прогрессивного развития международного права.","start":7538.02,"end":7543.06,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Предлагаем","start":7538.02,"end":7538.38},{"text":"свежим","start":7538.38,"end":7538.45},{"text":"взглядом","start":7538.45,"end":7539.06},{"text":"посмотреть","start":7539.06,"end":7539.44},{"text":"на","start":7539.44,"end":7539.53},{"text":"имеющуюся","start":7539.53,"end":7539.9},{"text":"практику","start":7539.92,"end":7540.44},{"text":"кодификации","start":7540.45,"end":7541.21},{"text":"прогрессивного","start":7541.23,"end":7541.94},{"text":"развития","start":7541.94,"end":7542.34},{"text":"международного","start":7542.34,"end":7542.78},{"text":"права","start":7542.78,"end":7543.06}]},{"text":"Все ли мы делаем правильно?","start":7543.7,"end":7544.8,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Все","start":7543.7,"end":7543.82},{"text":"ли","start":7543.82,"end":7543.9},{"text":"мы","start":7543.91,"end":7544},{"text":"делаем","start":7544,"end":7544.27},{"text":"правильно","start":7544.28,"end":7544.8}]},{"text":"Почему одни проекты статей быстро превращаются в конвенцию, другие годами лежат без движения?","start":7545.62,"end":7550.01,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Почему","start":7545.62,"end":7545.94},{"text":"одни","start":7545.94,"end":7546.16},{"text":"проекты","start":7546.17,"end":7546.52},{"text":"статей","start":7546.53,"end":7546.84},{"text":"быстро","start":7546.84,"end":7547.18},{"text":"превращаются","start":7547.19,"end":7547.7},{"text":"в","start":7547.71,"end":7547.76},{"text":"конвенцию","start":7547.76,"end":7548.16},{"text":"другие","start":7548.25,"end":7548.5},{"text":"годами","start":7548.51,"end":7548.92},{"text":"лежат","start":7548.93,"end":7549.26},{"text":"без","start":7549.26,"end":7549.44},{"text":"движения","start":7549.45,"end":7550.01}]},{"text":"Не пролезли заново поглянуть на давние, на, наработки комиссии, такие как статьи об ответственности государств, дипломатической защите, ответственности международных организаций.","start":7551.74,"end":7559.92,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Не","start":7551.74,"end":7551.86},{"text":"пролезли","start":7551.86,"end":7552.15},{"text":"заново","start":7552.15,"end":7552.46},{"text":"поглянуть","start":7552.47,"end":7552.74},{"text":"на","start":7552.74,"end":7553.02},{"text":"давние","start":7553.02,"end":7553.42},{"text":"на","start":7553.43,"end":7553.52},{"text":"наработки","start":7553.52,"end":7553.96},{"text":"комиссии","start":7554.1,"end":7554.69},{"text":"такие","start":7554.69,"end":7555},{"text":"как","start":7555,"end":7555.24},{"text":"статьи","start":7555.26,"end":7555.72},{"text":"об","start":7555.72,"end":7555.86},{"text":"ответственности","start":7555.86,"end":7556.36},{"text":"государств","start":7556.36,"end":7557},{"text":"дипломатической","start":7557.1,"end":7557.69},{"text":"защите","start":7557.69,"end":7558.21},{"text":"ответственности","start":7558.21,"end":7558.73},{"text":"международных","start":7558.74,"end":7559.19},{"text":"организаций","start":7559.19,"end":7559.92}]},{"text":"Не стоит ли их обновить, переосмыслить, оживить?","start":7560.26,"end":7563.31,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Не","start":7560.26,"end":7560.36},{"text":"стоит","start":7560.36,"end":7560.63},{"text":"ли","start":7560.63,"end":7560.69},{"text":"их","start":7560.69,"end":7560.81},{"text":"обновить","start":7560.81,"end":7561.41},{"text":"переосмыслить","start":7561.43,"end":7562.21},{"text":"оживить","start":7562.75,"end":7563.31}]},{"text":"Мы предлагаем комиссии уделить время и внимание этим и другим подобным важным вопросам.","start":7564.44,"end":7568.9,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Мы","start":7564.44,"end":7564.46},{"text":"предлагаем","start":7564.46,"end":7564.81},{"text":"комиссии","start":7564.82,"end":7565.13},{"text":"уделить","start":7565.13,"end":7565.5},{"text":"время","start":7565.88,"end":7566.27},{"text":"и","start":7566.27,"end":7566.37},{"text":"внимание","start":7566.51,"end":7566.51},{"text":"этим","start":7566.8,"end":7567.19},{"text":"и","start":7567.19,"end":7567.28},{"text":"другим","start":7567.29,"end":7567.7},{"text":"подобным","start":7567.7,"end":7568.15},{"text":"важным","start":7568.15,"end":7568.42},{"text":"вопросам","start":7568.42,"end":7568.9}]},{"text":"Благодарю за внимание.","start":7569.1,"end":7570.02,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Благодарю","start":7569.1,"end":7569.47},{"text":"за","start":7569.47,"end":7569.58},{"text":"внимание","start":7569.58,"end":7570.02}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"RUS","group":null,"function":"Представитель","affiliation_full":"Russian Federation"}},{"statement_number":32,"start":7578.6,"pageUrl":"/zh/ga/c6/81/30?lang=floor&t=2:06:19","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Statement, I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of the Gambia.","start":7578.6,"end":7582.28,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Statement","start":7578.6,"end":7579.28},{"text":"I","start":7579.34,"end":7579.44},{"text":"now","start":7579.53,"end":7579.62},{"text":"give","start":7579.63,"end":7579.83},{"text":"the","start":7579.86,"end":7579.95},{"text":"floor","start":7579.95,"end":7580.19},{"text":"to","start":7580.19,"end":7580.31},{"text":"the","start":7580.31,"end":7580.41},{"text":"distinguished","start":7580.42,"end":7580.93},{"text":"representative","start":7580.94,"end":7581.62},{"text":"of","start":7581.62,"end":7581.73},{"text":"the","start":7581.73,"end":7581.84},{"text":"Gambia","start":7581.84,"end":7582.28}]},{"text":"You have the floor ma'am.","start":7582.67,"end":7583.46,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"You","start":7582.67,"end":7582.75},{"text":"have","start":7582.79,"end":7582.93},{"text":"the","start":7582.94,"end":7583.03},{"text":"floor","start":7583.03,"end":7583.24},{"text":"ma'am","start":7583.26,"end":7583.46}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"6th Committee","group":null,"function":"Chair","affiliation_full":"6th Committee"}},{"statement_number":33,"start":7587.54,"pageUrl":"/zh/ga/c6/81/30?lang=floor&t=2:06:28","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you madam chair.","start":7587.54,"end":7588.4,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":7587.54,"end":7587.74},{"text":"you","start":7587.74,"end":7587.81},{"text":"madam","start":7587.81,"end":7588.05},{"text":"chair","start":7588.05,"end":7588.4}]},{"text":"The Gambia aligns with the statement delivered by the distinguished representative of Cameroon speaking on behalf of the African group and wish to make the following remarks in its national capacity.","start":7589.18,"end":7598.58,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":7589.18,"end":7589.26},{"text":"Gambia","start":7589.26,"end":7589.62},{"text":"aligns","start":7589.62,"end":7590.09},{"text":"with","start":7590.1,"end":7590.19},{"text":"the","start":7590.2,"end":7590.26},{"text":"statement","start":7590.27,"end":7590.75},{"text":"delivered","start":7590.75,"end":7591.25},{"text":"by","start":7591.26,"end":7591.47},{"text":"the","start":7591.47,"end":7591.54},{"text":"distinguished","start":7591.55,"end":7592.14},{"text":"representative","start":7592.15,"end":7592.89},{"text":"of","start":7592.91,"end":7593.02},{"text":"Cameroon","start":7593.03,"end":7593.52},{"text":"speaking","start":7593.54,"end":7594.02},{"text":"on","start":7594.03,"end":7594.15},{"text":"behalf","start":7594.18,"end":7594.56},{"text":"of","start":7594.57,"end":7594.63},{"text":"the","start":7594.66,"end":7594.76},{"text":"African","start":7594.78,"end":7595.14},{"text":"group","start":7595.14,"end":7595.42},{"text":"and","start":7596,"end":7596.1},{"text":"wish","start":7596.1,"end":7596.29},{"text":"to","start":7596.29,"end":7596.38},{"text":"make","start":7596.38,"end":7596.55},{"text":"the","start":7596.57,"end":7596.64},{"text":"following","start":7596.66,"end":7596.91},{"text":"remarks","start":7596.94,"end":7597.39},{"text":"in","start":7597.42,"end":7597.51},{"text":"its","start":7597.52,"end":7597.66},{"text":"national","start":7597.67,"end":7597.99},{"text":"capacity","start":7598,"end":7598.58}]},{"text":"We thank the international law commission for its report and commend the chair of the commission, the bureau and the special rapporteurs for their dedication towards the codification and progressive development of international law as set out in the ILC's 1947 statute derived from article 13 sub one of the United Nations charter.","start":7599.5,"end":7616.5,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":7599.5,"end":7599.61},{"text":"thank","start":7599.61,"end":7599.86},{"text":"the","start":7599.9,"end":7599.94},{"text":"international","start":7599.94,"end":7600.46},{"text":"law","start":7600.46,"end":7600.6},{"text":"commission","start":7600.62,"end":7601.09},{"text":"for","start":7601.09,"end":7601.25},{"text":"its","start":7601.25,"end":7601.38},{"text":"report","start":7601.4,"end":7601.85},{"text":"and","start":7601.88,"end":7601.96},{"text":"commend","start":7601.98,"end":7602.29},{"text":"the","start":7602.29,"end":7602.34},{"text":"chair","start":7602.34,"end":7602.64},{"text":"of","start":7602.66,"end":7602.75},{"text":"the","start":7602.78,"end":7602.84},{"text":"commission","start":7602.86,"end":7603.34},{"text":"the","start":7603.36,"end":7603.46},{"text":"bureau","start":7603.46,"end":7603.81},{"text":"and","start":7603.86,"end":7603.98},{"text":"the","start":7603.98,"end":7604.04},{"text":"special","start":7604.06,"end":7604.38},{"text":"rapporteurs","start":7604.39,"end":7605.02},{"text":"for","start":7605.02,"end":7605.2},{"text":"their","start":7605.2,"end":7605.34},{"text":"dedication","start":7605.35,"end":7605.98},{"text":"towards","start":7605.98,"end":7606.35},{"text":"the","start":7606.37,"end":7606.44},{"text":"codification","start":7606.46,"end":7607.2},{"text":"and","start":7607.6,"end":7607.71},{"text":"progressive","start":7607.71,"end":7608.22},{"text":"development","start":7608.22,"end":7608.81},{"text":"of","start":7608.81,"end":7608.91},{"text":"international","start":7608.91,"end":7609.43},{"text":"law","start":7609.43,"end":7609.7},{"text":"as","start":7610.09,"end":7610.18},{"text":"set","start":7610.18,"end":7610.43},{"text":"out","start":7610.43,"end":7610.63},{"text":"in","start":7610.66,"end":7610.78},{"text":"the","start":7610.78,"end":7610.85},{"text":"ILC's","start":7610.86,"end":7611.38},{"text":"1947","start":7611.78,"end":7612.38},{"text":"statute","start":7612.38,"end":7612.9},{"text":"derived","start":7613.17,"end":7613.64},{"text":"from","start":7613.65,"end":7613.84},{"text":"article","start":7613.89,"end":7614.24},{"text":"13","start":7614.27,"end":7614.63},{"text":"sub","start":7614.63,"end":7614.86},{"text":"one","start":7614.86,"end":7615.06},{"text":"of","start":7615.07,"end":7615.19},{"text":"the","start":7615.19,"end":7615.27},{"text":"United","start":7615.29,"end":7615.69},{"text":"Nations","start":7615.7,"end":7616.1},{"text":"charter","start":7616.1,"end":7616.5}]},{"text":"In this spirit, we continue to recall the important efforts of the commission in the contemporary development of the present multilateral 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Gambia notes that the report of the International Law Commission constitutes special importance and development in international law.","start":7624.25,"end":7629.75,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":7624.25,"end":7624.31},{"text":"Gambia","start":7624.32,"end":7624.63},{"text":"notes","start":7624.63,"end":7624.94},{"text":"that","start":7624.94,"end":7625.05},{"text":"the","start":7625.05,"end":7625.1},{"text":"report","start":7625.1,"end":7625.42},{"text":"of","start":7625.42,"end":7625.5},{"text":"the","start":7625.5,"end":7625.57},{"text":"International","start":7625.57,"end":7626.06},{"text":"Law","start":7626.06,"end":7626.23},{"text":"Commission","start":7626.23,"end":7626.67},{"text":"constitutes","start":7626.68,"end":7627.14},{"text":"special","start":7627.14,"end":7627.46},{"text":"importance","start":7627.46,"end":7628.05},{"text":"and","start":7628.05,"end":7628.15},{"text":"development","start":7628.16,"end":7628.83},{"text":"in","start":7628.86,"end":7629.02},{"text":"international","start":7629.02,"end":7629.51},{"text":"law","start":7629.51,"end":7629.75}]},{"text":"First, on the substantive issues to address on cluster one, on sea level rise in relation to international law, the Gambia wish to clearly express its support to the study group's final report adopted by the commission last year, which has been instrumental in providing the requisite analysis in the evolution of rules governing sea level rise.","start":7630.7,"end":7647.94,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"First","start":7630.7,"end":7631.1},{"text":"on","start":7631.1,"end":7631.21},{"text":"the","start":7631.22,"end":7631.28},{"text":"substantive","start":7631.29,"end":7631.87},{"text":"issues","start":7631.87,"end":7632.15},{"text":"to","start":7632.15,"end":7632.24},{"text":"address","start":7632.26,"end":7632.57},{"text":"on","start":7632.58,"end":7632.69},{"text":"cluster","start":7632.7,"end":7633.06},{"text":"one","start":7633.08,"end":7633.35},{"text":"on","start":7634.12,"end":7634.26},{"text":"sea","start":7634.26,"end":7634.46},{"text":"level","start":7634.46,"end":7634.74},{"text":"rise","start":7634.74,"end":7635.06},{"text":"in","start":7635.06,"end":7635.14},{"text":"relation","start":7635.14,"end":7635.54},{"text":"to","start":7635.54,"end":7635.66},{"text":"international","start":7635.66,"end":7636.14},{"text":"law","start":7636.14,"end":7636.42},{"text":"the","start":7637.17,"end":7637.24},{"text":"Gambia","start":7637.27,"end":7637.54},{"text":"wish","start":7637.54,"end":7637.71},{"text":"to","start":7637.72,"end":7637.81},{"text":"clearly","start":7637.82,"end":7638.33},{"text":"express","start":7638.33,"end":7638.7},{"text":"its","start":7638.72,"end":7638.82},{"text":"support","start":7638.82,"end":7639.22},{"text":"to","start":7639.22,"end":7639.3},{"text":"the","start":7639.3,"end":7639.38},{"text":"study","start":7639.38,"end":7639.61},{"text":"group's","start":7639.62,"end":7639.86},{"text":"final","start":7639.86,"end":7640.1},{"text":"report","start":7640.1,"end":7640.53},{"text":"adopted","start":7640.54,"end":7640.91},{"text":"by","start":7640.93,"end":7641.06},{"text":"the","start":7641.08,"end":7641.14},{"text":"commission","start":7641.15,"end":7641.58},{"text":"last","start":7641.59,"end":7641.91},{"text":"year","start":7641.91,"end":7642.14},{"text":"which","start":7642.64,"end":7642.81},{"text":"has","start":7642.81,"end":7642.95},{"text":"been","start":7642.95,"end":7643.11},{"text":"instrumental","start":7643.12,"end":7643.78},{"text":"in","start":7643.78,"end":7643.9},{"text":"providing","start":7643.9,"end":7644.38},{"text":"the","start":7644.39,"end":7644.46},{"text":"requisite","start":7644.46,"end":7644.86},{"text":"analysis","start":7644.94,"end":7645.5},{"text":"in","start":7645.54,"end":7645.62},{"text":"the","start":7645.63,"end":7645.7},{"text":"evolution","start":7645.7,"end":7646.27},{"text":"of","start":7646.29,"end":7646.46},{"text":"rules","start":7646.46,"end":7646.78},{"text":"governing","start":7646.78,"end":7647.12},{"text":"sea","start":7647.12,"end":7647.31},{"text":"level","start":7647.31,"end":7647.53},{"text":"rise","start":7647.55,"end":7647.94}]},{"text":"As a low lying coastal country, the Gambia is particularly vulnerable to sea level rise, coastal erosion, flooding, and saltwater intrusion.","start":7648.82,"end":7655.94,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":7648.82,"end":7648.99},{"text":"a","start":7649,"end":7649.03},{"text":"low","start":7649.03,"end":7649.23},{"text":"lying","start":7649.25,"end":7649.6},{"text":"coastal","start":7649.6,"end":7649.98},{"text":"country","start":7649.99,"end":7650.42},{"text":"the","start":7650.82,"end":7650.89},{"text":"Gambia","start":7650.9,"end":7651.18},{"text":"is","start":7651.18,"end":7651.28},{"text":"particularly","start":7651.29,"end":7651.82},{"text":"vulnerable","start":7651.82,"end":7652.29},{"text":"to","start":7652.3,"end":7652.4},{"text":"sea","start":7652.4,"end":7652.58},{"text":"level","start":7652.58,"end":7652.83},{"text":"rise","start":7652.86,"end":7653.23},{"text":"coastal","start":7653.3,"end":7653.7},{"text":"erosion","start":7653.7,"end":7654.18},{"text":"flooding","start":7654.18,"end":7654.68},{"text":"and","start":7654.7,"end":7654.83},{"text":"saltwater","start":7654.83,"end":7655.42},{"text":"intrusion","start":7655.42,"end":7655.94}]},{"text":"These impacts increasingly threaten coastal communities, infrastructure, tourism, agriculture, fisheries, and livelihoods.","start":7656.74,"end":7663.3,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"These","start":7656.74,"end":7657.02},{"text":"impacts","start":7657.06,"end":7657.47},{"text":"increasingly","start":7657.49,"end":7658},{"text":"threaten","start":7658.02,"end":7658.43},{"text":"coastal","start":7658.55,"end":7659.05},{"text":"communities","start":7659.15,"end":7659.82},{"text":"infrastructure","start":7659.98,"end":7660.7},{"text":"tourism","start":7660.74,"end":7661.31},{"text":"agriculture","start":7661.4,"end":7662.02},{"text":"fisheries","start":7662.03,"end":7662.5},{"text":"and","start":7662.52,"end":7662.66},{"text":"livelihoods","start":7662.66,"end":7663.3}]},{"text":"We welcome and endorse the United Nations declaration on sea level rise adopted in September this year and view it as complementary to the findings of the study group.","start":7664.36,"end":7672.45,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":7664.36,"end":7664.48},{"text":"welcome","start":7664.48,"end":7664.89},{"text":"and","start":7664.89,"end":7664.98},{"text":"endorse","start":7664.99,"end":7665.31},{"text":"the","start":7665.33,"end":7665.38},{"text":"United","start":7665.38,"end":7665.77},{"text":"Nations","start":7665.78,"end":7666.12},{"text":"declaration","start":7666.15,"end":7666.77},{"text":"on","start":7666.78,"end":7666.87},{"text":"sea","start":7666.87,"end":7667.02},{"text":"level","start":7667.02,"end":7667.3},{"text":"rise","start":7667.3,"end":7667.66},{"text":"adopted","start":7667.67,"end":7668.14},{"text":"in","start":7668.16,"end":7668.29},{"text":"September","start":7668.29,"end":7668.75},{"text":"this","start":7668.75,"end":7669},{"text":"year","start":7669,"end":7669.22},{"text":"and","start":7669.26,"end":7669.4},{"text":"view","start":7669.42,"end":7669.67},{"text":"it","start":7669.67,"end":7669.76},{"text":"as","start":7669.81,"end":7670},{"text":"complementary","start":7670,"end":7670.58},{"text":"to","start":7671.05,"end":7671.14},{"text":"the","start":7671.14,"end":7671.24},{"text":"findings","start":7671.24,"end":7671.76},{"text":"of","start":7671.76,"end":7671.83},{"text":"the","start":7671.85,"end":7671.91},{"text":"study","start":7671.91,"end":7672.2},{"text":"group","start":7672.21,"end":7672.45}]},{"text":"To the Gambia, this declaration as an important is an important expression of global solidarity and a renewed commitment to addressing one of the defining challenges facing vulnerable coastal and low line countries.","start":7673.41,"end":7684.23,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"To","start":7673.41,"end":7673.5},{"text":"the","start":7673.5,"end":7673.59},{"text":"Gambia","start":7673.61,"end":7674.12},{"text":"this","start":7674.17,"end":7674.37},{"text":"declaration","start":7674.38,"end":7674.97},{"text":"as","start":7675.01,"end":7675.16},{"text":"an","start":7675.16,"end":7675.22},{"text":"important","start":7675.22,"end":7675.73},{"text":"is","start":7675.76,"end":7675.88},{"text":"an","start":7675.88,"end":7675.96},{"text":"important","start":7676.09,"end":7676.53},{"text":"expression","start":7676.53,"end":7676.96},{"text":"of","start":7676.97,"end":7677.05},{"text":"global","start":7677.05,"end":7677.33},{"text":"solidarity","start":7677.33,"end":7677.98},{"text":"and","start":7678.39,"end":7678.52},{"text":"a","start":7678.53,"end":7678.58},{"text":"renewed","start":7678.58,"end":7678.86},{"text":"commitment","start":7678.86,"end":7679.35},{"text":"to","start":7679.35,"end":7679.45},{"text":"addressing","start":7679.45,"end":7679.89},{"text":"one","start":7679.89,"end":7680.05},{"text":"of","start":7680.05,"end":7680.13},{"text":"the","start":7680.14,"end":7680.22},{"text":"defining","start":7680.23,"end":7680.71},{"text":"challenges","start":7680.73,"end":7681.26},{"text":"facing","start":7681.69,"end":7682.12},{"text":"vulnerable","start":7682.58,"end":7682.58},{"text":"coastal","start":7682.58,"end":7683},{"text":"and","start":7683.01,"end":7683.09},{"text":"low","start":7683.09,"end":7683.25},{"text":"line","start":7683.26,"end":7683.55},{"text":"countries","start":7683.57,"end":7684.23}]},{"text":"And as such, we acknowledge that maritime zones and baselines, particularly is that once established in accordance with the principles set out in the enclause, should be maintained and remain unaffected by physical changes resulting from sea level rise.","start":7684.86,"end":7697.24,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":7684.86,"end":7684.99},{"text":"as","start":7684.99,"end":7685.09},{"text":"such","start":7685.09,"end":7685.32},{"text":"we","start":7685.33,"end":7685.42},{"text":"acknowledge","start":7685.42,"end":7685.82},{"text":"that","start":7685.83,"end":7685.96},{"text":"maritime","start":7685.97,"end":7686.43},{"text":"zones","start":7686.43,"end":7686.79},{"text":"and","start":7686.85,"end":7686.95},{"text":"baselines","start":7686.97,"end":7687.52},{"text":"particularly","start":7687.55,"end":7688.08},{"text":"is","start":7688.08,"end":7688.42},{"text":"that","start":7688.42,"end":7688.63},{"text":"once","start":7688.97,"end":7689.2},{"text":"established","start":7689.21,"end":7689.71},{"text":"in","start":7689.71,"end":7689.8},{"text":"accordance","start":7689.81,"end":7690.25},{"text":"with","start":7690.25,"end":7690.35},{"text":"the","start":7690.35,"end":7690.42},{"text":"principles","start":7690.45,"end":7690.89},{"text":"set","start":7690.89,"end":7691.08},{"text":"out","start":7691.08,"end":7691.23},{"text":"in","start":7691.23,"end":7691.33},{"text":"the","start":7691.33,"end":7691.41},{"text":"enclause","start":7691.45,"end":7691.87},{"text":"should","start":7692.25,"end":7692.41},{"text":"be","start":7692.42,"end":7692.52},{"text":"maintained","start":7692.52,"end":7693.09},{"text":"and","start":7693.09,"end":7693.2},{"text":"remain","start":7693.21,"end":7693.53},{"text":"unaffected","start":7693.55,"end":7694.13},{"text":"by","start":7694.17,"end":7694.34},{"text":"physical","start":7694.34,"end":7694.8},{"text":"changes","start":7694.8,"end":7695.24},{"text":"resulting","start":7695.51,"end":7695.97},{"text":"from","start":7695.98,"end":7696.25},{"text":"sea","start":7696.25,"end":7696.49},{"text":"level","start":7696.49,"end":7696.81},{"text":"rise","start":7696.81,"end":7697.24}]},{"text":"We view this as essential in maintaining the natural rights of states to their resources and uphold the territory integrity of states.","start":7697.81,"end":7704.06,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":7697.81,"end":7697.92},{"text":"view","start":7697.93,"end":7698.14},{"text":"this","start":7698.14,"end":7698.37},{"text":"as","start":7698.39,"end":7698.61},{"text":"essential","start":7698.62,"end":7699.11},{"text":"in","start":7699.11,"end":7699.18},{"text":"maintaining","start":7699.18,"end":7699.62},{"text":"the","start":7699.64,"end":7699.69},{"text":"natural","start":7699.7,"end":7700.09},{"text":"rights","start":7700.09,"end":7700.55},{"text":"of","start":7700.61,"end":7700.7},{"text":"states","start":7700.7,"end":7701.07},{"text":"to","start":7701.08,"end":7701.21},{"text":"their","start":7701.21,"end":7701.37},{"text":"resources","start":7701.37,"end":7701.9},{"text":"and","start":7701.91,"end":7702.02},{"text":"uphold","start":7702.02,"end":7702.33},{"text":"the","start":7702.33,"end":7702.41},{"text":"territory","start":7702.43,"end":7702.92},{"text":"integrity","start":7702.93,"end":7703.53},{"text":"of","start":7703.53,"end":7703.61},{"text":"states","start":7703.62,"end":7704.06}]},{"text":"We welcome the international court of justice's advisory opinion on the obligations of states in respect of climate change, which provided legal clarity on issues related to sea level rise, particularly also on the continuity of statehood, as well as the sovereignty sovereign rights and responsibilities of states consistent with international.","start":7705.01,"end":7722.56,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":7705.01,"end":7705.12},{"text":"welcome","start":7705.12,"end":7705.49},{"text":"the","start":7705.5,"end":7705.56},{"text":"international","start":7705.56,"end":7706.07},{"text":"court","start":7706.09,"end":7706.29},{"text":"of","start":7706.29,"end":7706.39},{"text":"justice's","start":7706.41,"end":7706.97},{"text":"advisory","start":7706.97,"end":7707.49},{"text":"opinion","start":7707.49,"end":7707.85},{"text":"on","start":7707.85,"end":7707.95},{"text":"the","start":7707.95,"end":7708.04},{"text":"obligations","start":7708.05,"end":7708.66},{"text":"of","start":7708.67,"end":7708.74},{"text":"states","start":7708.74,"end":7709.12},{"text":"in","start":7709.14,"end":7709.23},{"text":"respect","start":7709.23,"end":7709.56},{"text":"of","start":7709.73,"end":7709.89},{"text":"climate","start":7709.9,"end":7710.22},{"text":"change","start":7710.25,"end":7710.63},{"text":"which","start":7711.01,"end":7711.15},{"text":"provided","start":7711.17,"end":7711.73},{"text":"legal","start":7711.73,"end":7712.29},{"text":"clarity","start":7712.29,"end":7712.82},{"text":"on","start":7712.83,"end":7712.96},{"text":"issues","start":7712.97,"end":7713.26},{"text":"related","start":7713.28,"end":7713.54},{"text":"to","start":7713.57,"end":7713.66},{"text":"sea","start":7713.66,"end":7713.83},{"text":"level","start":7713.83,"end":7714.11},{"text":"rise","start":7714.11,"end":7714.51},{"text":"particularly","start":7714.88,"end":7715.49},{"text":"also","start":7715.49,"end":7715.82},{"text":"on","start":7715.85,"end":7715.94},{"text":"the","start":7715.95,"end":7716.01},{"text":"continuity","start":7716.01,"end":7716.64},{"text":"of","start":7716.65,"end":7716.78},{"text":"statehood","start":7716.78,"end":7717.33},{"text":"as","start":7717.68,"end":7717.84},{"text":"well","start":7717.84,"end":7717.97},{"text":"as","start":7717.97,"end":7718.08},{"text":"the","start":7718.09,"end":7718.15},{"text":"sovereignty","start":7718.16,"end":7718.71},{"text":"sovereign","start":7718.83,"end":7719.17},{"text":"rights","start":7719.17,"end":7719.54},{"text":"and","start":7719.61,"end":7719.69},{"text":"responsibilities","start":7719.69,"end":7720.62},{"text":"of","start":7720.62,"end":7720.7},{"text":"states","start":7720.73,"end":7721.1},{"text":"consistent","start":7721.25,"end":7721.88},{"text":"with","start":7721.89,"end":7722.01},{"text":"international","start":7722.01,"end":7722.56}]},{"text":"law.","start":7722.56,"end":7722.83,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"law","start":7722.56,"end":7722.83}]},{"text":"We also note that the United Nations Human Rights Council affirmed that climate change related sea level rise is a serious threat to the full and effective enjoyment of human rights, including inter aliaj the rights of all peoples to self determination, the rights to life, health, and adequate standard of living, including food, water, sanitation, and housing, and the right to a clean, healthy and sustainable environment.","start":7724.17,"end":7745.17,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. 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Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"While","start":7746.05,"end":7746.23},{"text":"we","start":7746.24,"end":7746.33},{"text":"take","start":7746.33,"end":7746.54},{"text":"note","start":7746.54,"end":7746.77},{"text":"of","start":7746.77,"end":7746.85},{"text":"the","start":7746.85,"end":7746.92},{"text":"commission's","start":7746.92,"end":7747.37},{"text":"report","start":7747.39,"end":7747.78},{"text":"regarding","start":7747.79,"end":7748.15},{"text":"the","start":7748.16,"end":7748.23},{"text":"absence","start":7748.24,"end":7748.43},{"text":"of","start":7748.65,"end":7748.75},{"text":"a","start":7748.75,"end":7748.78},{"text":"comprehensive","start":7748.78,"end":7749.46},{"text":"dedicated","start":7749.49,"end":7749.99},{"text":"legal","start":7749.99,"end":7750.31},{"text":"framework","start":7750.31,"end":7750.8},{"text":"addressing","start":7750.81,"end":7751.21},{"text":"sea","start":7751.21,"end":7751.41},{"text":"level","start":7751.41,"end":7751.63},{"text":"rise","start":7751.65,"end":7752.03}]},{"text":"We emphasize the need for states to respect, protect and fulfill human rights in addressing the protection of persons affected.","start":7752.49,"end":7758.01,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":7752.49,"end":7752.6},{"text":"emphasize","start":7752.6,"end":7753.06},{"text":"the","start":7753.06,"end":7753.13},{"text":"need","start":7753.13,"end":7753.3},{"text":"for","start":7753.3,"end":7753.41},{"text":"states","start":7753.41,"end":7753.78},{"text":"to","start":7753.79,"end":7753.89},{"text":"respect","start":7753.89,"end":7754.4},{"text":"protect","start":7754.41,"end":7754.84},{"text":"and","start":7754.85,"end":7754.94},{"text":"fulfill","start":7754.97,"end":7755.14},{"text":"human","start":7755.14,"end":7755.57},{"text":"rights","start":7755.57,"end":7755.87},{"text":"in","start":7755.88,"end":7755.97},{"text":"addressing","start":7755.97,"end":7756.36},{"text":"the","start":7756.36,"end":7756.43},{"text":"protection","start":7756.43,"end":7756.94},{"text":"of","start":7756.97,"end":7757.12},{"text":"persons","start":7757.12,"end":7757.53},{"text":"affected","start":7757.53,"end":7758.01}]},{"text":"We continue to maintain that persons affected by sea level rise remain right holders and we look forward to dedicated commitments of the study group's findings and the implementation of the declaration adopted this year on immunity of state officials from foreign criminal jurisdiction, the Gambia thanks for the rapporteur Claudio Grossman Gullo for his efforts and the commission for its progress in this important topic and its completion on second reading.","start":7758.61,"end":7779.41,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."},{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. 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Gambia remains committed to the fight against impunity and attaches great importance to the substantial role of the commission.","start":7780.1,"end":7785.57,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":7780.1,"end":7780.18},{"text":"Gambia","start":7780.18,"end":7780.5},{"text":"remains","start":7780.53,"end":7780.85},{"text":"committed","start":7780.85,"end":7781.23},{"text":"to","start":7781.25,"end":7781.33},{"text":"the","start":7781.33,"end":7781.41},{"text":"fight","start":7781.42,"end":7781.72},{"text":"against","start":7781.73,"end":7782},{"text":"impunity","start":7782.01,"end":7782.57},{"text":"and","start":7782.59,"end":7782.71},{"text":"attaches","start":7782.71,"end":7783.18},{"text":"great","start":7783.18,"end":7783.36},{"text":"importance","start":7783.37,"end":7783.96},{"text":"to","start":7783.96,"end":7784.06},{"text":"the","start":7784.06,"end":7784.09},{"text":"substantial","start":7784.1,"end":7784.7},{"text":"role","start":7784.7,"end":7784.98},{"text":"of","start":7785,"end":7785.09},{"text":"the","start":7785.09,"end":7785.15},{"text":"commission","start":7785.15,"end":7785.57}]},{"text":"We take note of the delicate and complex nature of the immunity's topic.","start":7786.17,"end":7789.28,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. 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Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"for","start":7800.76,"end":7800.87},{"text":"crimes","start":7800.89,"end":7801.29},{"text":"of","start":7801.32,"end":7801.41},{"text":"international","start":7801.41,"end":7801.95},{"text":"concern","start":7801.95,"end":7802.45}]},{"text":"The Gambia therefore knows the provisions on draft article six detailing the grounds of exception for which immunity does not apply.","start":7803.23,"end":7809.09,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":7803.23,"end":7803.33},{"text":"Gambia","start":7803.34,"end":7803.73},{"text":"therefore","start":7803.73,"end":7804.06},{"text":"knows","start":7804.06,"end":7804.37},{"text":"the","start":7804.61,"end":7804.71},{"text":"provisions","start":7804.71,"end":7805.27},{"text":"on","start":7805.27,"end":7805.37},{"text":"draft","start":7805.37,"end":7805.59},{"text":"article","start":7805.6,"end":7805.95},{"text":"six","start":7805.95,"end":7806.29},{"text":"detailing","start":7806.29,"end":7806.75},{"text":"the","start":7806.75,"end":7806.82},{"text":"grounds","start":7806.84,"end":7807.14},{"text":"of","start":7807.14,"end":7807.24},{"text":"exception","start":7807.24,"end":7807.68},{"text":"for","start":7807.69,"end":7807.81},{"text":"which","start":7807.81,"end":7807.98},{"text":"immunity","start":7807.99,"end":7808.38},{"text":"does","start":7808.38,"end":7808.57},{"text":"not","start":7808.57,"end":7808.7},{"text":"apply","start":7808.7,"end":7809.09}]},{"text":"As others indicated, we are also of the considered view that article six includes progressive development of international law.","start":7809.78,"end":7815.38,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":7809.78,"end":7809.93},{"text":"others","start":7809.93,"end":7810.18},{"text":"indicated","start":7810.18,"end":7810.71},{"text":"we","start":7810.73,"end":7810.81},{"text":"are","start":7810.81,"end":7810.93},{"text":"also","start":7810.97,"end":7811.23},{"text":"of","start":7811.23,"end":7811.35},{"text":"the","start":7811.35,"end":7811.41},{"text":"considered","start":7811.41,"end":7811.85},{"text":"view","start":7811.85,"end":7812.12},{"text":"that","start":7812.29,"end":7812.48},{"text":"article","start":7812.49,"end":7812.85},{"text":"six","start":7812.85,"end":7813.17},{"text":"includes","start":7813.17,"end":7813.56},{"text":"progressive","start":7813.58,"end":7814.01},{"text":"development","start":7814.02,"end":7814.52},{"text":"of","start":7814.52,"end":7814.62},{"text":"international","start":7814.62,"end":7815.17},{"text":"law","start":7815.17,"end":7815.38}]},{"text":"The Gambia welcomes the commission's codification of procedural safeguards including notification, consultation, and review.","start":7816.41,"end":7821.9,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":7816.41,"end":7816.47},{"text":"Gambia","start":7816.49,"end":7816.78},{"text":"welcomes","start":7816.79,"end":7817.2},{"text":"the","start":7817.2,"end":7817.26},{"text":"commission's","start":7817.26,"end":7817.7},{"text":"codification","start":7817.72,"end":7818.42},{"text":"of","start":7818.42,"end":7818.5},{"text":"procedural","start":7818.53,"end":7818.95},{"text":"safeguards","start":7818.97,"end":7819.57},{"text":"including","start":7819.57,"end":7819.93},{"text":"notification","start":7819.93,"end":7820.64},{"text":"consultation","start":7820.64,"end":7821.37},{"text":"and","start":7821.37,"end":7821.5},{"text":"review","start":7821.5,"end":7821.9}]},{"text":"These safeguards are essential to preventing abuse and ensuring that the draft articles are applied consistently with their object and purpose.","start":7822.6,"end":7828.85,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"These","start":7822.6,"end":7822.81},{"text":"safeguards","start":7822.81,"end":7823.36},{"text":"are","start":7823.36,"end":7823.41},{"text":"essential","start":7823.41,"end":7823.89},{"text":"to","start":7823.91,"end":7823.99},{"text":"preventing","start":7823.99,"end":7824.44},{"text":"abuse","start":7824.45,"end":7824.84},{"text":"and","start":7824.85,"end":7824.95},{"text":"ensuring","start":7824.95,"end":7825.31},{"text":"that","start":7825.32,"end":7825.43},{"text":"the","start":7825.43,"end":7825.49},{"text":"draft","start":7825.51,"end":7825.76},{"text":"articles","start":7825.77,"end":7826.19},{"text":"are","start":7826.2,"end":7826.27},{"text":"applied","start":7826.27,"end":7826.27},{"text":"consistently","start":7826.6,"end":7827.35},{"text":"with","start":7827.57,"end":7827.69},{"text":"their","start":7827.69,"end":7827.82},{"text":"object","start":7827.83,"end":7828.24},{"text":"and","start":7828.27,"end":7828.38},{"text":"purpose","start":7828.4,"end":7828.85}]},{"text":"We support the application of rigorous thresholds informed by international criminal practice when determining whether sufficient ground exists to override immunity in cases involving serious crimes.","start":7829.54,"end":7838.9,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":7829.54,"end":7829.64},{"text":"support","start":7829.64,"end":7830.05},{"text":"the","start":7830.05,"end":7830.15},{"text":"application","start":7830.25,"end":7830.84},{"text":"of","start":7830.85,"end":7830.93},{"text":"rigorous","start":7830.96,"end":7831.31},{"text":"thresholds","start":7831.32,"end":7831.86},{"text":"informed","start":7831.89,"end":7832.27},{"text":"by","start":7832.29,"end":7832.39},{"text":"international","start":7832.41,"end":7832.89},{"text":"criminal","start":7832.89,"end":7832.89},{"text":"practice","start":7833.21,"end":7833.73},{"text":"when","start":7833.97,"end":7834.13},{"text":"determining","start":7834.13,"end":7834.63},{"text":"whether","start":7834.65,"end":7834.82},{"text":"sufficient","start":7834.82,"end":7835.25},{"text":"ground","start":7835.35,"end":7835.61},{"text":"exists","start":7835.61,"end":7836.01},{"text":"to","start":7836.32,"end":7836.45},{"text":"override","start":7836.45,"end":7836.8},{"text":"immunity","start":7836.81,"end":7837.24},{"text":"in","start":7837.24,"end":7837.31},{"text":"cases","start":7837.32,"end":7837.73},{"text":"involving","start":7837.73,"end":7838.13},{"text":"serious","start":7838.13,"end":7838.45},{"text":"crimes","start":7838.48,"end":7838.9}]},{"text":"My delegation considers that the draft articles reflect a shared understanding of the applicable rules of international law.","start":7839.88,"end":7845.13,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"My","start":7839.88,"end":7840.04},{"text":"delegation","start":7840.05,"end":7840.61},{"text":"considers","start":7840.61,"end":7841.06},{"text":"that","start":7841.06,"end":7841.07},{"text":"the","start":7841.13,"end":7841.13},{"text":"draft","start":7841.13,"end":7841.45},{"text":"articles","start":7841.46,"end":7841.86},{"text":"reflect","start":7841.88,"end":7842.25},{"text":"a","start":7842.26,"end":7842.31},{"text":"shared","start":7842.31,"end":7842.64},{"text":"understanding","start":7842.64,"end":7843.26},{"text":"of","start":7843.26,"end":7843.33},{"text":"the","start":7843.35,"end":7843.44},{"text":"applicable","start":7843.44,"end":7843.86},{"text":"rules","start":7843.87,"end":7844.2},{"text":"of","start":7844.2,"end":7844.29},{"text":"international","start":7844.29,"end":7844.82},{"text":"law","start":7844.85,"end":7845.13}]},{"text":"We also take note of the commission's recommendation that at an appropriate stage the draft articles are to be considered to serve as a basis for future.","start":7845.77,"end":7852.41,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":7845.77,"end":7845.87},{"text":"also","start":7845.87,"end":7846.07},{"text":"take","start":7846.09,"end":7846.25},{"text":"note","start":7846.25,"end":7846.43},{"text":"of","start":7846.43,"end":7846.51},{"text":"the","start":7846.52,"end":7846.57},{"text":"commission's","start":7846.58,"end":7847.07},{"text":"recommendation","start":7847.08,"end":7847.75},{"text":"that","start":7847.75,"end":7847.87},{"text":"at","start":7847.94,"end":7847.94},{"text":"an","start":7847.94,"end":7848.23},{"text":"appropriate","start":7848.25,"end":7848.77},{"text":"stage","start":7848.77,"end":7849.21},{"text":"the","start":7849.26,"end":7849.34},{"text":"draft","start":7849.36,"end":7849.59},{"text":"articles","start":7849.6,"end":7850.04},{"text":"are","start":7850.05,"end":7850.13},{"text":"to","start":7850.13,"end":7850.24},{"text":"be","start":7850.25,"end":7850.33},{"text":"considered","start":7850.33,"end":7850.77},{"text":"to","start":7850.78,"end":7850.85},{"text":"serve","start":7850.85,"end":7851.13},{"text":"as","start":7851.13,"end":7851.26},{"text":"a","start":7851.27,"end":7851.31},{"text":"basis","start":7851.31,"end":7851.68},{"text":"for","start":7851.98,"end":7852.09},{"text":"future","start":7852.09,"end":7852.41}]},{"text":"treaty negotiations.","start":7852.41,"end":7853.44,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"treaty","start":7852.41,"end":7852.72},{"text":"negotiations","start":7852.72,"end":7853.44}]},{"text":"The Gambian maintains that as the General Assembly deliberates on such proposition in the future, states should continue to earnest the clarity of the draft articles regarding the respective rights and duties of forum states while preserving the principles of sovereign equality and the rules governing accountability of serious crimes in accordance with applicable rules of international law.","start":7854.14,"end":7872.09,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":7854.14,"end":7854.21},{"text":"Gambian","start":7854.23,"end":7854.41},{"text":"maintains","start":7854.6,"end":7855},{"text":"that","start":7855.01,"end":7855.12},{"text":"as","start":7855.14,"end":7855.31},{"text":"the","start":7855.31,"end":7855.36},{"text":"General","start":7855.36,"end":7855.64},{"text":"Assembly","start":7855.64,"end":7855.96},{"text":"deliberates","start":7855.98,"end":7856.53},{"text":"on","start":7856.56,"end":7856.68},{"text":"such","start":7856.68,"end":7856.89},{"text":"proposition","start":7856.92,"end":7857.4},{"text":"in","start":7857.4,"end":7857.49},{"text":"the","start":7857.49,"end":7857.56},{"text":"future","start":7857.56,"end":7857.96},{"text":"states","start":7858.43,"end":7858.78},{"text":"should","start":7858.79,"end":7858.96},{"text":"continue","start":7858.96,"end":7859.26},{"text":"to","start":7859.28,"end":7859.38},{"text":"earnest","start":7859.44,"end":7859.7},{"text":"the","start":7859.71,"end":7859.76},{"text":"clarity","start":7859.77,"end":7860.16},{"text":"of","start":7860.17,"end":7860.26},{"text":"the","start":7860.26,"end":7860.33},{"text":"draft","start":7860.34,"end":7860.64},{"text":"articles","start":7860.64,"end":7861.19},{"text":"regarding","start":7861.22,"end":7861.71},{"text":"the","start":7861.71,"end":7861.78},{"text":"respective","start":7861.8,"end":7862.32},{"text":"rights","start":7862.32,"end":7862.65},{"text":"and","start":7862.65,"end":7862.76},{"text":"duties","start":7862.76,"end":7863.12},{"text":"of","start":7863.12,"end":7863.17},{"text":"forum","start":7863.2,"end":7863.48},{"text":"states","start":7863.49,"end":7863.88},{"text":"while","start":7864.22,"end":7864.42},{"text":"preserving","start":7864.42,"end":7864.97},{"text":"the","start":7864.97,"end":7864.97},{"text":"principles","start":7864.97,"end":7865.55},{"text":"of","start":7865.72,"end":7865.85},{"text":"sovereign","start":7865.85,"end":7866.14},{"text":"equality","start":7866.14,"end":7866.68},{"text":"and","start":7866.97,"end":7867.08},{"text":"the","start":7867.1,"end":7867.17},{"text":"rules","start":7867.18,"end":7867.52},{"text":"governing","start":7867.54,"end":7867.92},{"text":"accountability","start":7867.94,"end":7868.65},{"text":"of","start":7868.68,"end":7868.73},{"text":"serious","start":7868.73,"end":7869.07},{"text":"crimes","start":7869.07,"end":7869.43},{"text":"in","start":7869.72,"end":7869.85},{"text":"accordance","start":7869.85,"end":7870.3},{"text":"with","start":7870.32,"end":7870.43},{"text":"applicable","start":7870.44,"end":7870.92},{"text":"rules","start":7870.93,"end":7871.23},{"text":"of","start":7871.23,"end":7871.31},{"text":"international","start":7871.31,"end":7871.84},{"text":"law","start":7871.84,"end":7872.09}]},{"text":"We further commend the commission on retaining genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes in the text as well.","start":7873.01,"end":7877.88,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":7873.01,"end":7873.1},{"text":"further","start":7873.1,"end":7873.35},{"text":"commend","start":7873.36,"end":7873.65},{"text":"the","start":7873.66,"end":7873.72},{"text":"commission","start":7873.72,"end":7874.14},{"text":"on","start":7874.15,"end":7874.21},{"text":"retaining","start":7874.23,"end":7874.67},{"text":"genocide","start":7874.67,"end":7875.27},{"text":"crimes","start":7875.32,"end":7875.64},{"text":"against","start":7875.64,"end":7875.88},{"text":"humanity","start":7875.88,"end":7876.32},{"text":"and","start":7876.32,"end":7876.42},{"text":"war","start":7876.44,"end":7876.61},{"text":"crimes","start":7876.61,"end":7877},{"text":"in","start":7877,"end":7877.07},{"text":"the","start":7877.07,"end":7877.15},{"text":"text","start":7877.15,"end":7877.5},{"text":"as","start":7877.5,"end":7877.63},{"text":"well","start":7877.63,"end":7877.88}]},{"text":"The Gambia also particularly welcomes the inclusion of slavery and the slave trade amongst the crimes for which immunity does not apply, highlighting the gravity of the crime.","start":7878.6,"end":7886.55,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. 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Schwabel was born here in New York City, and his passion for international law was first spurred during high school through a United Nations conference for 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accomplishments as a jurist are too many to mention here, but of course include being president and vice president of the ICJ, serving on numerous tribunals, working as an attorney at my own offices of the State Department legal advisor, and teaching at Harvard Law and Johns 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are so fortunate to have his example and legacy.","start":8054.61,"end":8057.35,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":8054.61,"end":8054.75},{"text":"are","start":8054.75,"end":8054.87},{"text":"so","start":8054.87,"end":8055.07},{"text":"fortunate","start":8055.09,"end":8055.61},{"text":"to","start":8055.63,"end":8055.79},{"text":"have","start":8055.79,"end":8056.06},{"text":"his","start":8056.06,"end":8056.22},{"text":"example","start":8056.22,"end":8056.75},{"text":"and","start":8056.76,"end":8056.9},{"text":"legacy","start":8056.91,"end":8057.35}]},{"text":"Turning to today's topic, I will deliver in a abbreviated version of our 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the United States continues to have broad concerns about the work of the ILC, in particular its increasing tendency to blur the line between codification and progressive development, despite an absence of sufficient or even consistent state practice, it remains the case that the United States has strong views about the topics on the commission's program of 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am grateful for the opportunity to express those here.","start":8094.18,"end":8096.7,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":8094.18,"end":8094.23},{"text":"am","start":8094.23,"end":8094.35},{"text":"grateful","start":8094.35,"end":8094.78},{"text":"for","start":8094.78,"end":8094.94},{"text":"the","start":8094.94,"end":8095.06},{"text":"opportunity","start":8095.06,"end":8095.67},{"text":"to","start":8095.67,"end":8095.83},{"text":"express","start":8095.83,"end":8096.27},{"text":"those","start":8096.27,"end":8096.48},{"text":"here","start":8096.48,"end":8096.7}]},{"text":"On the topic of sea level rise, the United States notes the high level declaration on sea level rise adopted by consensus.","start":8098,"end":8105.29,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"On","start":8098,"end":8098.13},{"text":"the","start":8098.13,"end":8098.18},{"text":"topic","start":8098.19,"end":8098.6},{"text":"of","start":8098.6,"end":8098.67},{"text":"sea","start":8098.67,"end":8098.89},{"text":"level","start":8098.89,"end":8099.15},{"text":"rise","start":8099.15,"end":8099.54},{"text":"the","start":8099.54,"end":8099.62},{"text":"United","start":8099.63,"end":8100},{"text":"States","start":8100,"end":8100.42},{"text":"notes","start":8100.43,"end":8100.86},{"text":"the","start":8101.2,"end":8101.31},{"text":"high","start":8101.31,"end":8101.69},{"text":"level","start":8101.79,"end":8102.11},{"text":"declaration","start":8102.13,"end":8102.99},{"text":"on","start":8103.07,"end":8103.3},{"text":"sea","start":8103.3,"end":8103.49},{"text":"level","start":8103.5,"end":8103.73},{"text":"rise","start":8103.73,"end":8104.04},{"text":"adopted","start":8104.04,"end":8104.43},{"text":"by","start":8104.43,"end":8104.58},{"text":"consensus","start":8104.59,"end":8105.29}]},{"text":"We join others in supporting the declaration's efforts to provide for stability of maritime zones, as noted in our explanation.","start":8106.02,"end":8112.24,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":8106.02,"end":8106.12},{"text":"join","start":8106.12,"end":8106.46},{"text":"others","start":8106.51,"end":8106.83},{"text":"in","start":8106.83,"end":8106.92},{"text":"supporting","start":8106.92,"end":8107.41},{"text":"the","start":8107.42,"end":8107.49},{"text":"declaration's","start":8107.49,"end":8108.2},{"text":"efforts","start":8108.23,"end":8108.63},{"text":"to","start":8108.64,"end":8108.71},{"text":"provide","start":8108.71,"end":8109.17},{"text":"for","start":8109.17,"end":8109.32},{"text":"stability","start":8109.32,"end":8109.88},{"text":"of","start":8109.88,"end":8109.95},{"text":"maritime","start":8109.96,"end":8110.43},{"text":"zones","start":8110.43,"end":8110.92},{"text":"as","start":8111.36,"end":8111.52},{"text":"noted","start":8111.52,"end":8111.85},{"text":"in","start":8111.86,"end":8111.95},{"text":"our","start":8111.95,"end":8112.07},{"text":"explanation","start":8112.07,"end":8112.24}]},{"text":"of position, the declaration includes no new legal principle on statehood, rather it restates the existing general presumption of the continuity of statehood and the rights and responsibilities that flow from it.","start":8112.7,"end":8124.07,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"of","start":8112.7,"end":8112.78},{"text":"position","start":8112.78,"end":8113.3},{"text":"the","start":8113.63,"end":8113.7},{"text":"declaration","start":8113.72,"end":8114.33},{"text":"includes","start":8114.33,"end":8114.86},{"text":"no","start":8114.92,"end":8115.15},{"text":"new","start":8115.15,"end":8115.31},{"text":"legal","start":8115.32,"end":8115.6},{"text":"principle","start":8115.61,"end":8116.08},{"text":"on","start":8116.08,"end":8116.22},{"text":"statehood","start":8116.22,"end":8116.72},{"text":"rather","start":8117.19,"end":8117.54},{"text":"it","start":8117.54,"end":8117.63},{"text":"restates","start":8117.68,"end":8118.26},{"text":"the","start":8118.27,"end":8118.32},{"text":"existing","start":8118.32,"end":8118.91},{"text":"general","start":8118.91,"end":8119.24},{"text":"presumption","start":8119.25,"end":8119.8},{"text":"of","start":8119.8,"end":8119.89},{"text":"the","start":8119.9,"end":8119.97},{"text":"continuity","start":8119.99,"end":8120.58},{"text":"of","start":8120.59,"end":8120.67},{"text":"statehood","start":8120.67,"end":8121.15},{"text":"and","start":8121.66,"end":8121.75},{"text":"the","start":8121.75,"end":8121.83},{"text":"rights","start":8121.83,"end":8122.16},{"text":"and","start":8122.16,"end":8122.25},{"text":"responsibilities","start":8122.25,"end":8123.19},{"text":"that","start":8123.2,"end":8123.33},{"text":"flow","start":8123.41,"end":8123.71},{"text":"from","start":8123.71,"end":8123.97},{"text":"it","start":8123.98,"end":8124.07}]},{"text":"We note last year's ILC resolution invited states, without setting a precedent, to reflect on the final report of the study group on sea level rise and express any further views on the legal aspects of this topic.","start":8125.24,"end":8136.58,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":8125.24,"end":8125.35},{"text":"note","start":8125.35,"end":8125.54},{"text":"last","start":8125.62,"end":8125.9},{"text":"year's","start":8125.9,"end":8126.15},{"text":"ILC","start":8126.19,"end":8126.56},{"text":"resolution","start":8126.58,"end":8127.16},{"text":"invited","start":8127.16,"end":8127.56},{"text":"states","start":8127.56,"end":8128.1},{"text":"without","start":8128.14,"end":8128.55},{"text":"setting","start":8128.55,"end":8128.89},{"text":"a","start":8128.89,"end":8128.93},{"text":"precedent","start":8128.94,"end":8129.45},{"text":"to","start":8129.47,"end":8129.55},{"text":"reflect","start":8129.56,"end":8130.05},{"text":"on","start":8130.05,"end":8130.12},{"text":"the","start":8130.12,"end":8130.17},{"text":"final","start":8130.17,"end":8130.47},{"text":"report","start":8130.47,"end":8130.97},{"text":"of","start":8130.97,"end":8131.07},{"text":"the","start":8131.07,"end":8131.16},{"text":"study","start":8131.16,"end":8131.49},{"text":"group","start":8131.49,"end":8131.8},{"text":"on","start":8132.23,"end":8132.37},{"text":"sea","start":8132.37,"end":8132.59},{"text":"level","start":8132.6,"end":8132.85},{"text":"rise","start":8132.87,"end":8133.26},{"text":"and","start":8133.26,"end":8133.34},{"text":"express","start":8133.34,"end":8133.82},{"text":"any","start":8133.83,"end":8134.06},{"text":"further","start":8134.06,"end":8134.4},{"text":"views","start":8134.4,"end":8134.78},{"text":"on","start":8134.78,"end":8134.87},{"text":"the","start":8134.87,"end":8134.97},{"text":"legal","start":8134.97,"end":8135.29},{"text":"aspects","start":8135.31,"end":8135.86},{"text":"of","start":8135.86,"end":8135.91},{"text":"this","start":8135.92,"end":8136.13},{"text":"topic","start":8136.13,"end":8136.58}]},{"text":"We emphasize that this invitation was exceptional.","start":8137.35,"end":8139.73,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"We","start":8137.35,"end":8137.52},{"text":"emphasize","start":8137.53,"end":8138.12},{"text":"that","start":8138.12,"end":8138.23},{"text":"this","start":8138.23,"end":8138.44},{"text":"invitation","start":8138.45,"end":8138.96},{"text":"was","start":8138.98,"end":8139.13},{"text":"exceptional","start":8139.13,"end":8139.73}]},{"text":"Nonetheless, we repeat two points we raised last year.","start":8140.35,"end":8142.85,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Nonetheless","start":8140.35,"end":8140.87},{"text":"we","start":8140.88,"end":8140.98},{"text":"repeat","start":8140.99,"end":8141.35},{"text":"two","start":8141.39,"end":8141.59},{"text":"points","start":8141.59,"end":8141.95},{"text":"we","start":8141.96,"end":8142.07},{"text":"raised","start":8142.09,"end":8142.38},{"text":"last","start":8142.39,"end":8142.69},{"text":"year","start":8142.7,"end":8142.85}]},{"text":"First, any solution relating to sea level rise must be consistent with customary state practice and treaty law of the sea.","start":8144.32,"end":8150.13,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"First","start":8144.32,"end":8144.64},{"text":"any","start":8144.64,"end":8144.8},{"text":"solution","start":8144.8,"end":8145.27},{"text":"relating","start":8145.27,"end":8145.65},{"text":"to","start":8145.66,"end":8145.73},{"text":"sea","start":8145.74,"end":8145.92},{"text":"level","start":8145.93,"end":8146.19},{"text":"rise","start":8146.19,"end":8146.58},{"text":"must","start":8146.58,"end":8146.77},{"text":"be","start":8146.77,"end":8146.89},{"text":"consistent","start":8146.89,"end":8147.47},{"text":"with","start":8147.48,"end":8147.65},{"text":"customary","start":8147.65,"end":8148.15},{"text":"state","start":8148.15,"end":8148.43},{"text":"practice","start":8148.43,"end":8148.91},{"text":"and","start":8148.91,"end":8149.02},{"text":"treaty","start":8149.02,"end":8149.34},{"text":"law","start":8149.35,"end":8149.6},{"text":"of","start":8149.6,"end":8149.72},{"text":"the","start":8149.72,"end":8149.79},{"text":"sea","start":8149.79,"end":8150.13}]},{"text":"We appreciate the efforts of the ILC and study group to identify an approach grounded in the text of the law of the sea convention.","start":8150.99,"end":8156.95,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":8150.99,"end":8151.07},{"text":"appreciate","start":8151.07,"end":8151.54},{"text":"the","start":8151.63,"end":8151.75},{"text":"efforts","start":8151.75,"end":8152.1},{"text":"of","start":8152.1,"end":8152.16},{"text":"the","start":8152.17,"end":8152.25},{"text":"ILC","start":8152.27,"end":8152.79},{"text":"and","start":8152.79,"end":8152.88},{"text":"study","start":8152.88,"end":8153.21},{"text":"group","start":8153.21,"end":8153.48},{"text":"to","start":8153.48,"end":8153.64},{"text":"identify","start":8153.64,"end":8154.11},{"text":"an","start":8154.11,"end":8154.2},{"text":"approach","start":8154.2,"end":8154.63},{"text":"grounded","start":8154.63,"end":8155.1},{"text":"in","start":8155.11,"end":8155.21},{"text":"the","start":8155.22,"end":8155.29},{"text":"text","start":8155.29,"end":8155.7},{"text":"of","start":8155.7,"end":8155.76},{"text":"the","start":8155.76,"end":8155.84},{"text":"law","start":8155.87,"end":8156.03},{"text":"of","start":8156.03,"end":8156.14},{"text":"the","start":8156.14,"end":8156.21},{"text":"sea","start":8156.21,"end":8156.41},{"text":"convention","start":8156.42,"end":8156.95}]},{"text":"The United States will work with other countries toward the goal of lawfully establishing and maintaining baselines and maritime zone limits, limits and will not challenge such baselines and maritime zone limits that are not subsequently updated despite sea level rise.","start":8157.95,"end":8171.15,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":8157.95,"end":8158.03},{"text":"United","start":8158.03,"end":8158.41},{"text":"States","start":8158.41,"end":8158.74},{"text":"will","start":8158.75,"end":8158.87},{"text":"work","start":8158.87,"end":8159.15},{"text":"with","start":8159.15,"end":8159.3},{"text":"other","start":8159.35,"end":8159.52},{"text":"countries","start":8159.53,"end":8160.01},{"text":"toward","start":8160.01,"end":8160.23},{"text":"the","start":8160.24,"end":8160.31},{"text":"goal","start":8160.31,"end":8160.65},{"text":"of","start":8160.65,"end":8160.76},{"text":"lawfully","start":8160.78,"end":8161.21},{"text":"establishing","start":8161.21,"end":8161.89},{"text":"and","start":8161.9,"end":8162.08},{"text":"maintaining","start":8162.08,"end":8162.61},{"text":"baselines","start":8162.63,"end":8163.31},{"text":"and","start":8163.35,"end":8163.44},{"text":"maritime","start":8163.48,"end":8164.02},{"text":"zone","start":8164.02,"end":8164.31},{"text":"limits","start":8164.31,"end":8164.31},{"text":"limits","start":8164.31,"end":8164.78},{"text":"and","start":8165.21,"end":8165.31},{"text":"will","start":8165.31,"end":8165.42},{"text":"not","start":8165.43,"end":8165.61},{"text":"challenge","start":8165.61,"end":8166.03},{"text":"such","start":8166.07,"end":8166.3},{"text":"baselines","start":8166.31,"end":8166.9},{"text":"and","start":8166.9,"end":8166.99},{"text":"maritime","start":8166.99,"end":8167.43},{"text":"zone","start":8167.43,"end":8167.65},{"text":"limits","start":8167.65,"end":8168},{"text":"that","start":8168.03,"end":8168.15},{"text":"are","start":8168.16,"end":8168.22},{"text":"not","start":8168.22,"end":8168.46},{"text":"subsequently","start":8168.47,"end":8169.15},{"text":"updated","start":8169.15,"end":8169.73},{"text":"despite","start":8169.95,"end":8170.3},{"text":"sea","start":8170.3,"end":8170.47},{"text":"level","start":8170.47,"end":8170.71},{"text":"rise","start":8170.72,"end":8171.15}]},{"text":"We urge other countries to do the same, including by supporting positions on the maintenance of maritime zones such as the one articulated in the high level declaration.","start":8172.23,"end":8180.17,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":8172.23,"end":8172.41},{"text":"urge","start":8172.43,"end":8172.75},{"text":"other","start":8172.79,"end":8172.95},{"text":"countries","start":8172.96,"end":8173.39},{"text":"to","start":8173.39,"end":8173.49},{"text":"do","start":8173.49,"end":8173.6},{"text":"the","start":8173.6,"end":8173.71},{"text":"same","start":8173.71,"end":8174.03},{"text":"including","start":8174.57,"end":8174.98},{"text":"by","start":8174.99,"end":8175.19},{"text":"supporting","start":8175.2,"end":8175.62},{"text":"positions","start":8175.63,"end":8176.24},{"text":"on","start":8176.24,"end":8176.32},{"text":"the","start":8176.32,"end":8176.36},{"text":"maintenance","start":8176.36,"end":8176.76},{"text":"of","start":8176.77,"end":8176.83},{"text":"maritime","start":8176.84,"end":8177.32},{"text":"zones","start":8177.32,"end":8177.38},{"text":"such","start":8177.65,"end":8177.92},{"text":"as","start":8177.93,"end":8178.02},{"text":"the","start":8178.04,"end":8178.11},{"text":"one","start":8178.11,"end":8178.33},{"text":"articulated","start":8178.33,"end":8178.98},{"text":"in","start":8178.98,"end":8179.06},{"text":"the","start":8179.06,"end":8179.12},{"text":"high","start":8179.13,"end":8179.29},{"text":"level","start":8179.29,"end":8179.52},{"text":"declaration","start":8179.53,"end":8180.17}]},{"text":"Second on statehood, we continue to believe that sea level rise should not cause a cause a country to lose its statehood, but it is better to allow states to develop law on this matter as particular issues arise rather than try to pursue policy preferences in the abstract.","start":8181.71,"end":8196.78,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"Second","start":8181.71,"end":8182.09},{"text":"on","start":8182.11,"end":8182.25},{"text":"statehood","start":8182.25,"end":8182.75},{"text":"we","start":8182.75,"end":8182.87},{"text":"continue","start":8182.87,"end":8183.25},{"text":"to","start":8183.26,"end":8183.31},{"text":"believe","start":8183.32,"end":8183.7},{"text":"that","start":8183.71,"end":8183.85},{"text":"sea","start":8183.85,"end":8184.06},{"text":"level","start":8184.07,"end":8184.29},{"text":"rise","start":8184.29,"end":8184.59},{"text":"should","start":8184.6,"end":8184.8},{"text":"not","start":8184.8,"end":8185.09},{"text":"cause","start":8185.1,"end":8185.37},{"text":"a","start":8185.38,"end":8185.41},{"text":"cause","start":8185.99,"end":8186.3},{"text":"a","start":8186.3,"end":8186.35},{"text":"country","start":8186.35,"end":8186.75},{"text":"to","start":8186.75,"end":8186.86},{"text":"lose","start":8186.86,"end":8187.09},{"text":"its","start":8187.1,"end":8187.21},{"text":"statehood","start":8187.21,"end":8187.73},{"text":"but","start":8188.23,"end":8188.34},{"text":"it","start":8188.34,"end":8188.43},{"text":"is","start":8188.43,"end":8188.55},{"text":"better","start":8188.55,"end":8188.82},{"text":"to","start":8188.82,"end":8188.99},{"text":"allow","start":8188.99,"end":8189.24},{"text":"states","start":8189.24,"end":8189.67},{"text":"to","start":8189.73,"end":8189.92},{"text":"develop","start":8189.92,"end":8190.45},{"text":"law","start":8190.6,"end":8190.95},{"text":"on","start":8190.99,"end":8191.12},{"text":"this","start":8191.12,"end":8191.28},{"text":"matter","start":8191.29,"end":8191.63},{"text":"as","start":8191.67,"end":8191.79},{"text":"particular","start":8191.79,"end":8191.79},{"text":"issues","start":8192.43,"end":8192.75},{"text":"arise","start":8192.75,"end":8193.26},{"text":"rather","start":8193.58,"end":8193.88},{"text":"than","start":8193.88,"end":8194.1},{"text":"try","start":8194.1,"end":8194.42},{"text":"to","start":8194.43,"end":8194.53},{"text":"pursue","start":8194.53,"end":8194.88},{"text":"policy","start":8194.88,"end":8195.32},{"text":"preferences","start":8195.32,"end":8196},{"text":"in","start":8196.01,"end":8196.07},{"text":"the","start":8196.07,"end":8196.2},{"text":"abstract","start":8196.22,"end":8196.78}]},{"text":"I turn now to the second topic of immunity of state officials from foreign criminal jurisdiction.","start":8198.14,"end":8202.55,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":8198.14,"end":8198.22},{"text":"turn","start":8198.23,"end":8198.47},{"text":"now","start":8198.51,"end":8198.67},{"text":"to","start":8198.68,"end":8198.78},{"text":"the","start":8198.78,"end":8198.85},{"text":"second","start":8198.85,"end":8199.19},{"text":"topic","start":8199.19,"end":8199.64},{"text":"of","start":8199.64,"end":8199.74},{"text":"immunity","start":8199.75,"end":8200.16},{"text":"of","start":8200.17,"end":8200.25},{"text":"state","start":8200.25,"end":8200.25},{"text":"officials","start":8200.5,"end":8201.02},{"text":"from","start":8201.02,"end":8201.16},{"text":"foreign","start":8201.19,"end":8201.54},{"text":"criminal","start":8201.54,"end":8201.88},{"text":"jurisdiction","start":8201.89,"end":8202.55}]},{"text":"The United States had urged the Commission not to rush the second reading of the draft articles in light of unresolved substantive disagreements, and we echoed the concerns of members that the Commission should strive for a more consensus based or unified approach to what is now draft article six.","start":8203.62,"end":8219.98,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":8203.62,"end":8203.7},{"text":"United","start":8203.7,"end":8204.06},{"text":"States","start":8204.06,"end":8204.58},{"text":"had","start":8204.58,"end":8204.75},{"text":"urged","start":8204.78,"end":8205.06},{"text":"the","start":8205.06,"end":8205.14},{"text":"Commission","start":8205.14,"end":8205.58},{"text":"not","start":8205.58,"end":8205.82},{"text":"to","start":8205.82,"end":8205.94},{"text":"rush","start":8205.94,"end":8206.23},{"text":"the","start":8206.24,"end":8206.34},{"text":"second","start":8206.34,"end":8206.7},{"text":"reading","start":8206.71,"end":8207.05},{"text":"of","start":8207.05,"end":8207.14},{"text":"the","start":8207.14,"end":8207.22},{"text":"draft","start":8207.23,"end":8207.54},{"text":"articles","start":8207.54,"end":8208.02},{"text":"in","start":8208.02,"end":8208.12},{"text":"light","start":8208.12,"end":8208.39},{"text":"of","start":8208.39,"end":8208.52},{"text":"unresolved","start":8208.55,"end":8209.15},{"text":"substantive","start":8209.18,"end":8209.77},{"text":"disagreements","start":8209.78,"end":8210.49},{"text":"and","start":8211.19,"end":8211.27},{"text":"we","start":8211.27,"end":8211.45},{"text":"echoed","start":8211.45,"end":8211.76},{"text":"the","start":8211.76,"end":8211.85},{"text":"concerns","start":8211.86,"end":8212.36},{"text":"of","start":8212.36,"end":8212.43},{"text":"members","start":8212.44,"end":8212.89},{"text":"that","start":8212.92,"end":8213.04},{"text":"the","start":8213.1,"end":8213.19},{"text":"Commission","start":8213.2,"end":8213.74},{"text":"should","start":8213.74,"end":8213.93},{"text":"strive","start":8213.93,"end":8214.38},{"text":"for","start":8214.38,"end":8214.58},{"text":"a","start":8214.58,"end":8214.64},{"text":"more","start":8214.64,"end":8214.88},{"text":"consensus","start":8214.89,"end":8216.22},{"text":"based","start":8216.22,"end":8216.22},{"text":"or","start":8216.94,"end":8217.11},{"text":"unified","start":8217.11,"end":8217.59},{"text":"approach","start":8217.59,"end":8218.1},{"text":"to","start":8218.14,"end":8218.26},{"text":"what","start":8218.27,"end":8218.44},{"text":"is","start":8218.44,"end":8218.56},{"text":"now","start":8218.57,"end":8218.79},{"text":"draft","start":8218.8,"end":8219.18},{"text":"article","start":8219.18,"end":8219.5},{"text":"six","start":8219.51,"end":8219.98}]},{"text":"A more useful and legally supportable approach to draft article six would have been to replace the list with criteria or considerations that states could reference in determining based on the totality of circumstances in a particular case whether there was a basis for not applying immunity ratione materiae nonetheless, draft article six now contains an expanded list of crimes to which immunity ratione materiae should not apply.","start":8221.16,"end":8246.48,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"A","start":8221.16,"end":8221.2},{"text":"more","start":8221.2,"end":8221.38},{"text":"useful","start":8221.38,"end":8222.03},{"text":"and","start":8222.04,"end":8222.51},{"text":"legally","start":8222.62,"end":8222.98},{"text":"supportable","start":8222.98,"end":8223.54},{"text":"approach","start":8223.54,"end":8223.9},{"text":"to","start":8223.91,"end":8224},{"text":"draft","start":8224.01,"end":8224.36},{"text":"article","start":8224.38,"end":8224.7},{"text":"six","start":8224.7,"end":8225.14},{"text":"would","start":8225.14,"end":8225.34},{"text":"have","start":8225.34,"end":8225.42},{"text":"been","start":8225.46,"end":8225.69},{"text":"to","start":8225.7,"end":8225.84},{"text":"replace","start":8225.89,"end":8226.25},{"text":"the","start":8226.26,"end":8226.34},{"text":"list","start":8226.35,"end":8226.62},{"text":"with","start":8226.62,"end":8226.78},{"text":"criteria","start":8226.79,"end":8227.46},{"text":"or","start":8227.73,"end":8227.85},{"text":"considerations","start":8227.85,"end":8228.77},{"text":"that","start":8228.77,"end":8228.9},{"text":"states","start":8228.9,"end":8229.35},{"text":"could","start":8229.62,"end":8229.78},{"text":"reference","start":8229.78,"end":8230.28},{"text":"in","start":8230.28,"end":8230.36},{"text":"determining","start":8230.36,"end":8230.92},{"text":"based","start":8231.3,"end":8231.57},{"text":"on","start":8231.57,"end":8231.65},{"text":"the","start":8231.65,"end":8231.72},{"text":"totality","start":8231.74,"end":8232.28},{"text":"of","start":8232.29,"end":8232.38},{"text":"circumstances","start":8232.38,"end":8233.21},{"text":"in","start":8233.21,"end":8233.29},{"text":"a","start":8233.3,"end":8233.33},{"text":"particular","start":8233.34,"end":8233.92},{"text":"case","start":8233.92,"end":8234.35},{"text":"whether","start":8234.85,"end":8235.1},{"text":"there","start":8235.1,"end":8235.2},{"text":"was","start":8235.2,"end":8235.35},{"text":"a","start":8235.35,"end":8235.38},{"text":"basis","start":8235.38,"end":8235.82},{"text":"for","start":8235.82,"end":8235.94},{"text":"not","start":8235.94,"end":8236.15},{"text":"applying","start":8236.15,"end":8236.5},{"text":"immunity","start":8236.52,"end":8237.04},{"text":"ratione","start":8237.37,"end":8237.9},{"text":"materiae","start":8237.92,"end":8238.45},{"text":"nonetheless","start":8239.34,"end":8240},{"text":"draft","start":8240.24,"end":8240.58},{"text":"article","start":8240.6,"end":8240.89},{"text":"six","start":8240.89,"end":8241.22},{"text":"now","start":8241.22,"end":8241.43},{"text":"contains","start":8241.45,"end":8241.89},{"text":"an","start":8241.91,"end":8241.98},{"text":"expanded","start":8241.98,"end":8242.5},{"text":"list","start":8242.58,"end":8242.85},{"text":"of","start":8242.85,"end":8242.94},{"text":"crimes","start":8242.94,"end":8243.39},{"text":"to","start":8243.8,"end":8243.92},{"text":"which","start":8243.93,"end":8244.13},{"text":"immunity","start":8244.13,"end":8244.55},{"text":"ratione","start":8244.59,"end":8245.12},{"text":"materiae","start":8245.12,"end":8245.72},{"text":"should","start":8245.74,"end":8245.95},{"text":"not","start":8245.95,"end":8246.15},{"text":"apply","start":8246.15,"end":8246.48}]},{"text":"We continue to believe that any list of crimes in draft article six does not reflect a codification of customary international law.","start":8247.58,"end":8254.09,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":8247.58,"end":8247.7},{"text":"continue","start":8247.7,"end":8248.08},{"text":"to","start":8248.1,"end":8248.19},{"text":"believe","start":8248.19,"end":8248.59},{"text":"that","start":8248.59,"end":8248.75},{"text":"any","start":8248.77,"end":8248.96},{"text":"list","start":8248.98,"end":8249.24},{"text":"of","start":8249.25,"end":8249.33},{"text":"crimes","start":8249.33,"end":8249.8},{"text":"in","start":8249.8,"end":8249.9},{"text":"draft","start":8249.9,"end":8250.23},{"text":"article","start":8250.23,"end":8250.54},{"text":"six","start":8250.54,"end":8250.89},{"text":"does","start":8250.9,"end":8251.03},{"text":"not","start":8251.03,"end":8251.26},{"text":"reflect","start":8251.28,"end":8251.77},{"text":"a","start":8251.77,"end":8251.79},{"text":"codification","start":8251.8,"end":8252.57},{"text":"of","start":8252.57,"end":8252.67},{"text":"customary","start":8252.67,"end":8253.2},{"text":"international","start":8253.22,"end":8253.8},{"text":"law","start":8253.8,"end":8254.09}]},{"text":"And we note that a number of other states share this view.","start":8254.77,"end":8257.44,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":8254.77,"end":8254.85},{"text":"we","start":8254.86,"end":8254.97},{"text":"note","start":8254.98,"end":8255.25},{"text":"that","start":8255.26,"end":8255.41},{"text":"a","start":8255.41,"end":8255.44},{"text":"number","start":8255.46,"end":8255.84},{"text":"of","start":8255.86,"end":8255.98},{"text":"other","start":8255.98,"end":8256.15},{"text":"states","start":8256.15,"end":8256.63},{"text":"share","start":8256.7,"end":8256.99},{"text":"this","start":8256.99,"end":8257.2},{"text":"view","start":8257.21,"end":8257.44}]},{"text":"In prior comments, we urge the commission to clearly identify draft article six as a proposed progressive development of the law to enhance transparency and minimize the risk that it will be viewed by states, domestic or international courts or others as a codification of customary international law.","start":8258.85,"end":8275.34,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":8258.85,"end":8258.96},{"text":"prior","start":8258.97,"end":8259.27},{"text":"comments","start":8259.27,"end":8259.68},{"text":"we","start":8259.68,"end":8259.82},{"text":"urge","start":8259.84,"end":8260.1},{"text":"the","start":8260.11,"end":8260.19},{"text":"commission","start":8260.19,"end":8260.61},{"text":"to","start":8260.62,"end":8260.76},{"text":"clearly","start":8260.76,"end":8261.19},{"text":"identify","start":8261.2,"end":8261.74},{"text":"draft","start":8261.75,"end":8262.1},{"text":"article","start":8262.11,"end":8262.4},{"text":"six","start":8262.42,"end":8262.79},{"text":"as","start":8262.79,"end":8262.91},{"text":"a","start":8262.91,"end":8262.95},{"text":"proposed","start":8262.95,"end":8263.58},{"text":"progressive","start":8263.62,"end":8264.16},{"text":"development","start":8264.18,"end":8264.66},{"text":"of","start":8264.66,"end":8264.74},{"text":"the","start":8264.74,"end":8264.83},{"text":"law","start":8264.83,"end":8265.09},{"text":"to","start":8265.1,"end":8265.27},{"text":"enhance","start":8265.27,"end":8265.62},{"text":"transparency","start":8265.62,"end":8266.4},{"text":"and","start":8266.86,"end":8266.98},{"text":"minimize","start":8266.98,"end":8267.45},{"text":"the","start":8267.46,"end":8267.54},{"text":"risk","start":8267.54,"end":8267.94},{"text":"that","start":8268.19,"end":8268.3},{"text":"it","start":8268.3,"end":8268.38},{"text":"will","start":8268.38,"end":8268.5},{"text":"be","start":8268.5,"end":8268.62},{"text":"viewed","start":8268.62,"end":8268.87},{"text":"by","start":8268.87,"end":8269.03},{"text":"states","start":8269.05,"end":8269.53},{"text":"domestic","start":8269.78,"end":8270.32},{"text":"or","start":8270.38,"end":8270.55},{"text":"international","start":8270.55,"end":8271.14},{"text":"courts","start":8271.15,"end":8271.62},{"text":"or","start":8271.62,"end":8271.8},{"text":"others","start":8271.82,"end":8272.24},{"text":"as","start":8272.69,"end":8272.81},{"text":"a","start":8272.81,"end":8272.85},{"text":"codification","start":8272.87,"end":8273.74},{"text":"of","start":8273.77,"end":8273.92},{"text":"customary","start":8273.94,"end":8274.46},{"text":"international","start":8274.46,"end":8275.04},{"text":"law","start":8275.07,"end":8275.34}]},{"text":"We echoed the calls of other states and commissions members on this point, noting that the widespread longstanding controversy around draft article six warranted this measure.","start":8276.47,"end":8285.51,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":8276.47,"end":8276.63},{"text":"echoed","start":8276.63,"end":8276.89},{"text":"the","start":8276.89,"end":8276.97},{"text":"calls","start":8276.98,"end":8277.39},{"text":"of","start":8277.39,"end":8277.48},{"text":"other","start":8277.48,"end":8277.65},{"text":"states","start":8277.65,"end":8278.05},{"text":"and","start":8278.05,"end":8278.14},{"text":"commissions","start":8278.14,"end":8278.8},{"text":"members","start":8278.84,"end":8279.39},{"text":"on","start":8279.41,"end":8279.56},{"text":"this","start":8279.57,"end":8279.75},{"text":"point","start":8279.76,"end":8280.06},{"text":"noting","start":8280.46,"end":8280.9},{"text":"that","start":8280.9,"end":8281.03},{"text":"the","start":8281.06,"end":8281.14},{"text":"widespread","start":8281.14,"end":8281.41},{"text":"longstanding","start":8281.86,"end":8282.5},{"text":"controversy","start":8282.5,"end":8283.18},{"text":"around","start":8283.18,"end":8283.44},{"text":"draft","start":8283.45,"end":8283.75},{"text":"article","start":8283.75,"end":8284.03},{"text":"six","start":8284.03,"end":8284.44},{"text":"warranted","start":8284.46,"end":8284.89},{"text":"this","start":8284.91,"end":8285.13},{"text":"measure","start":8285.14,"end":8285.51}]},{"text":"It was this type of controversy that animated the committee's call in last year's ILC resolution for the commission to include in its common commentaries where relevant and practicable indications of the extent to which the commission views draft provision draft provisions as representing the codification or progressive development of international law.","start":8286.69,"end":8306.31,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"It","start":8286.69,"end":8286.76},{"text":"was","start":8286.76,"end":8286.92},{"text":"this","start":8286.94,"end":8287.08},{"text":"type","start":8287.1,"end":8287.37},{"text":"of","start":8287.37,"end":8287.51},{"text":"controversy","start":8287.52,"end":8288.22},{"text":"that","start":8288.22,"end":8288.37},{"text":"animated","start":8288.42,"end":8288.87},{"text":"the","start":8288.9,"end":8288.98},{"text":"committee's","start":8288.98,"end":8289.46},{"text":"call","start":8289.46,"end":8289.95},{"text":"in","start":8290.02,"end":8290.14},{"text":"last","start":8290.15,"end":8290.45},{"text":"year's","start":8290.45,"end":8290.65},{"text":"ILC","start":8290.66,"end":8291.06},{"text":"resolution","start":8291.08,"end":8291.77},{"text":"for","start":8292.13,"end":8292.25},{"text":"the","start":8292.25,"end":8292.35},{"text":"commission","start":8292.35,"end":8292.84},{"text":"to","start":8292.84,"end":8293.13},{"text":"include","start":8293.55,"end":8293.99},{"text":"in","start":8293.99,"end":8294.09},{"text":"its","start":8294.09,"end":8294.25},{"text":"common","start":8294.25,"end":8294.25},{"text":"commentaries","start":8294.26,"end":8294.97},{"text":"where","start":8294.98,"end":8295.18},{"text":"relevant","start":8295.18,"end":8295.68},{"text":"and","start":8295.71,"end":8295.84},{"text":"practicable","start":8295.85,"end":8296.54},{"text":"indications","start":8296.84,"end":8297.66},{"text":"of","start":8297.67,"end":8297.74},{"text":"the","start":8297.77,"end":8297.85},{"text":"extent","start":8297.85,"end":8298.21},{"text":"to","start":8298.22,"end":8298.34},{"text":"which","start":8298.34,"end":8298.58},{"text":"the","start":8298.58,"end":8298.68},{"text":"commission","start":8298.68,"end":8299.22},{"text":"views","start":8299.53,"end":8299.53},{"text":"draft","start":8299.53,"end":8300.21},{"text":"provision","start":8300.25,"end":8300.78},{"text":"draft","start":8300.86,"end":8301.17},{"text":"provisions","start":8301.18,"end":8301.87},{"text":"as","start":8301.88,"end":8302.01},{"text":"representing","start":8302.01,"end":8302.58},{"text":"the","start":8302.58,"end":8302.66},{"text":"codification","start":8302.67,"end":8303.52},{"text":"or","start":8303.96,"end":8304.09},{"text":"progressive","start":8304.1,"end":8304.62},{"text":"development","start":8304.62,"end":8305.21},{"text":"of","start":8305.27,"end":8305.42},{"text":"international","start":8305.42,"end":8306.02},{"text":"law","start":8306.02,"end":8306.31}]},{"text":"We were disappointed that the commission did not do so here.","start":8307.43,"end":8309.94,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":8307.43,"end":8307.53},{"text":"were","start":8307.54,"end":8307.64},{"text":"disappointed","start":8307.64,"end":8308.3},{"text":"that","start":8308.3,"end":8308.43},{"text":"the","start":8308.46,"end":8308.52},{"text":"commission","start":8308.52,"end":8308.98},{"text":"did","start":8308.98,"end":8309.11},{"text":"not","start":8309.11,"end":8309.33},{"text":"do","start":8309.34,"end":8309.46},{"text":"so","start":8309.46,"end":8309.7},{"text":"here","start":8309.7,"end":8309.94}]},{"text":"Instead, the commentary to draft article six only acknowledges that the ILC would pursue its mandate of promoting the progressive development of international law and its codification, then goes on to assert that legal developments have taken place limiting the applicability of immunity from jurisdiction ratione materiae in respect of certain acts that constitute crimes under international law.","start":8310.96,"end":8332.89,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Instead","start":8310.96,"end":8311.3},{"text":"the","start":8311.3,"end":8311.38},{"text":"commentary","start":8311.39,"end":8311.98},{"text":"to","start":8311.99,"end":8312.08},{"text":"draft","start":8312.09,"end":8312.42},{"text":"article","start":8312.42,"end":8312.71},{"text":"six","start":8312.72,"end":8313.1},{"text":"only","start":8313.1,"end":8313.39},{"text":"acknowledges","start":8313.4,"end":8314.14},{"text":"that","start":8314.14,"end":8314.26},{"text":"the","start":8314.26,"end":8314.41},{"text":"ILC","start":8314.43,"end":8315.02},{"text":"would","start":8315.34,"end":8315.48},{"text":"pursue","start":8315.49,"end":8315.89},{"text":"its","start":8315.89,"end":8316.02},{"text":"mandate","start":8316.02,"end":8316.45},{"text":"of","start":8316.45,"end":8316.54},{"text":"promoting","start":8316.54,"end":8317.04},{"text":"the","start":8317.04,"end":8317.1},{"text":"progressive","start":8317.1,"end":8317.56},{"text":"development","start":8317.56,"end":8318.03},{"text":"of","start":8318.03,"end":8318.13},{"text":"international","start":8318.13,"end":8318.7},{"text":"law","start":8318.7,"end":8318.95},{"text":"and","start":8318.98,"end":8319.15},{"text":"its","start":8319.15,"end":8319.28},{"text":"codification","start":8319.3,"end":8320.08},{"text":"then","start":8320.63,"end":8320.88},{"text":"goes","start":8320.89,"end":8321.1},{"text":"on","start":8321.1,"end":8321.29},{"text":"to","start":8321.29,"end":8321.43},{"text":"assert","start":8321.44,"end":8321.9},{"text":"that","start":8321.9,"end":8322.12},{"text":"legal","start":8322.42,"end":8322.74},{"text":"developments","start":8322.74,"end":8323.31},{"text":"have","start":8323.32,"end":8323.42},{"text":"taken","start":8323.43,"end":8323.76},{"text":"place","start":8323.76,"end":8324.18},{"text":"limiting","start":8324.22,"end":8324.82},{"text":"the","start":8324.9,"end":8325.05},{"text":"applicability","start":8325.05,"end":8325.69},{"text":"of","start":8325.69,"end":8325.79},{"text":"immunity","start":8325.84,"end":8326.39},{"text":"from","start":8326.62,"end":8326.82},{"text":"jurisdiction","start":8326.82,"end":8327.55},{"text":"ratione","start":8327.61,"end":8328.06},{"text":"materiae","start":8328.06,"end":8328.66},{"text":"in","start":8329.07,"end":8329.17},{"text":"respect","start":8329.17,"end":8329.58},{"text":"of","start":8329.58,"end":8329.66},{"text":"certain","start":8329.66,"end":8330.03},{"text":"acts","start":8330.06,"end":8330.46},{"text":"that","start":8330.7,"end":8330.82},{"text":"constitute","start":8330.84,"end":8331.42},{"text":"crimes","start":8331.45,"end":8331.88},{"text":"under","start":8331.89,"end":8332.06},{"text":"international","start":8332.06,"end":8332.62},{"text":"law","start":8332.62,"end":8332.89}]},{"text":"This pronouncement might be incorrectly interpreted by some to suggest that draft article six reflects customary international law.","start":8333.7,"end":8340.14,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":8333.7,"end":8333.9},{"text":"pronouncement","start":8333.9,"end":8334.47},{"text":"might","start":8334.58,"end":8334.82},{"text":"be","start":8334.82,"end":8334.99},{"text":"incorrectly","start":8335.01,"end":8335.49},{"text":"interpreted","start":8335.49,"end":8335.98},{"text":"by","start":8336,"end":8336.14},{"text":"some","start":8336.14,"end":8336.44},{"text":"to","start":8336.46,"end":8336.57},{"text":"suggest","start":8336.57,"end":8337.02},{"text":"that","start":8337.03,"end":8337.14},{"text":"draft","start":8337.14,"end":8337.47},{"text":"article","start":8337.47,"end":8337.74},{"text":"six","start":8337.74,"end":8338.17},{"text":"reflects","start":8338.18,"end":8338.64},{"text":"customary","start":8338.82,"end":8339.38},{"text":"international","start":8339.38,"end":8339.93},{"text":"law","start":8339.94,"end":8340.14}]},{"text":"As an initial matter, we recognize that the special rapporteur removed references to certain US cases that we explained were not evidence of per se exceptions to functional immunity.","start":8341.23,"end":8350.58,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":8341.23,"end":8341.37},{"text":"an","start":8341.37,"end":8341.45},{"text":"initial","start":8341.46,"end":8341.81},{"text":"matter","start":8341.82,"end":8342.13},{"text":"we","start":8342.14,"end":8342.26},{"text":"recognize","start":8342.26,"end":8342.88},{"text":"that","start":8342.9,"end":8342.98},{"text":"the","start":8342.99,"end":8343.08},{"text":"special","start":8343.08,"end":8343.42},{"text":"rapporteur","start":8343.46,"end":8344},{"text":"removed","start":8344.02,"end":8344.46},{"text":"references","start":8344.46,"end":8345.02},{"text":"to","start":8345.02,"end":8345.14},{"text":"certain","start":8345.14,"end":8345.46},{"text":"US","start":8345.46,"end":8345.75},{"text":"cases","start":8345.75,"end":8346.23},{"text":"that","start":8346.24,"end":8346.35},{"text":"we","start":8346.35,"end":8346.53},{"text":"explained","start":8346.59,"end":8347.14},{"text":"were","start":8347.14,"end":8347.24},{"text":"not","start":8347.24,"end":8347.46},{"text":"evidence","start":8347.5,"end":8347.99},{"text":"of","start":8347.99,"end":8348.15},{"text":"per","start":8348.17,"end":8348.38},{"text":"se","start":8348.39,"end":8348.71},{"text":"exceptions","start":8348.71,"end":8349.33},{"text":"to","start":8349.54,"end":8349.66},{"text":"functional","start":8349.66,"end":8350.13},{"text":"immunity","start":8350.13,"end":8350.58}]},{"text":"The state practice now referenced in the commentaries is comprised, however, of case law exclusively from one region and does not reflect sufficient sufficiently widespread and representative state practice.","start":8351.59,"end":8361.97,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":8351.59,"end":8351.66},{"text":"state","start":8351.66,"end":8351.9},{"text":"practice","start":8351.94,"end":8352.48},{"text":"now","start":8352.5,"end":8352.74},{"text":"referenced","start":8352.74,"end":8353.25},{"text":"in","start":8353.25,"end":8353.33},{"text":"the","start":8353.33,"end":8353.4},{"text":"commentaries","start":8353.4,"end":8354.11},{"text":"is","start":8354.11,"end":8354.23},{"text":"comprised","start":8354.23,"end":8354.75},{"text":"however","start":8354.76,"end":8355.2},{"text":"of","start":8355.6,"end":8355.7},{"text":"case","start":8355.7,"end":8356.03},{"text":"law","start":8356.05,"end":8356.3},{"text":"exclusively","start":8356.3,"end":8357.11},{"text":"from","start":8357.12,"end":8357.48},{"text":"one","start":8357.54,"end":8357.78},{"text":"region","start":8357.8,"end":8358.3},{"text":"and","start":8358.34,"end":8358.44},{"text":"does","start":8358.45,"end":8358.61},{"text":"not","start":8358.62,"end":8358.62},{"text":"reflect","start":8358.8,"end":8359.22},{"text":"sufficient","start":8359.22,"end":8359.53},{"text":"sufficiently","start":8359.53,"end":8359.82},{"text":"widespread","start":8359.82,"end":8360.43},{"text":"and","start":8360.43,"end":8360.5},{"text":"representative","start":8360.53,"end":8361.14},{"text":"state","start":8361.14,"end":8361.38},{"text":"practice","start":8361.43,"end":8361.97}]},{"text":"In these circumstances, the commentary should have included an unambiguous statement that draft article six represents a proposal for progressive development.","start":8362.95,"end":8370.14,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":8362.95,"end":8363.05},{"text":"these","start":8363.05,"end":8363.2},{"text":"circumstances","start":8363.22,"end":8363.97},{"text":"the","start":8363.98,"end":8364.04},{"text":"commentary","start":8364.06,"end":8364.61},{"text":"should","start":8364.62,"end":8364.86},{"text":"have","start":8364.86,"end":8364.98},{"text":"included","start":8364.98,"end":8365.4},{"text":"an","start":8365.4,"end":8365.51},{"text":"unambiguous","start":8365.54,"end":8366.22},{"text":"statement","start":8366.22,"end":8366.66},{"text":"that","start":8366.67,"end":8366.8},{"text":"draft","start":8366.81,"end":8367.18},{"text":"article","start":8367.19,"end":8367.5},{"text":"six","start":8367.5,"end":8367.84},{"text":"represents","start":8367.84,"end":8368.36},{"text":"a","start":8368.36,"end":8368.42},{"text":"proposal","start":8368.42,"end":8368.94},{"text":"for","start":8368.94,"end":8369.07},{"text":"progressive","start":8369.08,"end":8369.63},{"text":"development","start":8369.63,"end":8370.14}]},{"text":"Without such a caveat, the draft articles could be misinterpreted in ways that lead to an unwarranted erosion of official acts immunity that could create instability and conflict.","start":8371.06,"end":8380.38,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Without","start":8371.06,"end":8371.37},{"text":"such","start":8371.38,"end":8371.64},{"text":"a","start":8371.64,"end":8371.67},{"text":"caveat","start":8371.67,"end":8372.2},{"text":"the","start":8372.22,"end":8372.3},{"text":"draft","start":8372.31,"end":8372.31},{"text":"articles","start":8372.62,"end":8373.08},{"text":"could","start":8373.09,"end":8373.24},{"text":"be","start":8373.26,"end":8373.39},{"text":"misinterpreted","start":8373.4,"end":8374.13},{"text":"in","start":8374.13,"end":8374.23},{"text":"ways","start":8374.24,"end":8374.54},{"text":"that","start":8374.54,"end":8374.66},{"text":"lead","start":8374.66,"end":8374.91},{"text":"to","start":8374.93,"end":8375.09},{"text":"an","start":8375.09,"end":8375.17},{"text":"unwarranted","start":8375.19,"end":8375.94},{"text":"erosion","start":8375.94,"end":8376.46},{"text":"of","start":8376.51,"end":8376.54},{"text":"official","start":8376.59,"end":8376.94},{"text":"acts","start":8376.96,"end":8377.19},{"text":"immunity","start":8377.19,"end":8377.6},{"text":"that","start":8378.06,"end":8378.17},{"text":"could","start":8378.18,"end":8378.38},{"text":"create","start":8378.38,"end":8378.68},{"text":"instability","start":8378.7,"end":8379.33},{"text":"and","start":8379.66,"end":8379.82},{"text":"conflict","start":8379.82,"end":8380.38}]},{"text":"Finally, given the divergence of states views and practice, especially with respect to draft, article six, there is unlikely to be sufficient consensus to elaborate a convention based on the draft articles, as the commission recommends.","start":8381.3,"end":8392.91,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Finally","start":8381.3,"end":8381.76},{"text":"given","start":8381.76,"end":8382.02},{"text":"the","start":8382.03,"end":8382.1},{"text":"divergence","start":8382.1,"end":8382.65},{"text":"of","start":8382.65,"end":8382.73},{"text":"states","start":8382.74,"end":8383.1},{"text":"views","start":8383.11,"end":8383.47},{"text":"and","start":8383.47,"end":8383.54},{"text":"practice","start":8383.54,"end":8384.07},{"text":"especially","start":8384.11,"end":8384.58},{"text":"with","start":8384.58,"end":8384.78},{"text":"respect","start":8384.8,"end":8385.22},{"text":"to","start":8385.22,"end":8385.3},{"text":"draft","start":8385.32,"end":8385.32},{"text":"article","start":8385.63,"end":8385.9},{"text":"six","start":8385.92,"end":8386.36},{"text":"there","start":8386.77,"end":8386.94},{"text":"is","start":8386.94,"end":8387.09},{"text":"unlikely","start":8387.13,"end":8387.59},{"text":"to","start":8387.59,"end":8387.67},{"text":"be","start":8387.67,"end":8387.79},{"text":"sufficient","start":8387.79,"end":8388.29},{"text":"consensus","start":8388.3,"end":8388.92},{"text":"to","start":8388.93,"end":8389.05},{"text":"elaborate","start":8389.06,"end":8389.55},{"text":"a","start":8389.55,"end":8389.6},{"text":"convention","start":8389.6,"end":8390.13},{"text":"based","start":8390.15,"end":8390.42},{"text":"on","start":8390.42,"end":8390.52},{"text":"the","start":8390.52,"end":8390.58},{"text":"draft","start":8390.59,"end":8390.9},{"text":"articles","start":8390.9,"end":8391.42},{"text":"as","start":8391.66,"end":8391.79},{"text":"the","start":8391.79,"end":8391.86},{"text":"commission","start":8391.86,"end":8392.32},{"text":"recommends","start":8392.33,"end":8392.91}]},{"text":"We believe states should give serious consideration to how best to address these significant concerns.","start":8393.73,"end":8398.02,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":8393.73,"end":8393.85},{"text":"believe","start":8393.85,"end":8394.17},{"text":"states","start":8394.17,"end":8394.49},{"text":"should","start":8394.5,"end":8394.68},{"text":"give","start":8394.68,"end":8394.82},{"text":"serious","start":8394.82,"end":8395.22},{"text":"consideration","start":8395.22,"end":8395.96},{"text":"to","start":8395.96,"end":8396.05},{"text":"how","start":8396.09,"end":8396.27},{"text":"best","start":8396.28,"end":8396.57},{"text":"to","start":8396.57,"end":8396.65},{"text":"address","start":8396.65,"end":8397.15},{"text":"these","start":8397.17,"end":8397.33},{"text":"significant","start":8397.37,"end":8398.02},{"text":"concerns","start":8398.02,"end":8398.02}]},{"text":"concerns.","start":8398.05,"end":8398.66,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"concerns","start":8398.05,"end":8398.66}]},{"text":"At the very least, it will be important to reflect states divergent views and practices in the resolution addressing these draft articles.","start":8399.62,"end":8406.52,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"At","start":8399.62,"end":8399.71},{"text":"the","start":8399.71,"end":8399.79},{"text":"very","start":8399.79,"end":8400.01},{"text":"least","start":8400.01,"end":8400.41},{"text":"it","start":8400.57,"end":8400.65},{"text":"will","start":8400.65,"end":8400.74},{"text":"be","start":8400.74,"end":8400.86},{"text":"important","start":8400.86,"end":8401.33},{"text":"to","start":8401.33,"end":8401.41},{"text":"reflect","start":8401.45,"end":8401.86},{"text":"states","start":8401.86,"end":8402.21},{"text":"divergent","start":8402.22,"end":8402.65},{"text":"views","start":8402.66,"end":8403.08},{"text":"and","start":8403.34,"end":8403.48},{"text":"practices","start":8403.48,"end":8404.25},{"text":"in","start":8404.25,"end":8404.33},{"text":"the","start":8404.33,"end":8404.39},{"text":"resolution","start":8404.39,"end":8405.06},{"text":"addressing","start":8405.06,"end":8405.57},{"text":"these","start":8405.57,"end":8405.73},{"text":"draft","start":8405.73,"end":8406.05},{"text":"articles","start":8406.05,"end":8406.52}]},{"text":"Turning to the third topic of general principles of law, we recognize that the commission addressed some of our concerns in the final draft conclusions and commentaries regrettably, however, we continue to disagree with several of the draft conclusions.","start":8407.77,"end":8420.21,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"Turning","start":8407.77,"end":8408.02},{"text":"to","start":8408.04,"end":8408.13},{"text":"the","start":8408.13,"end":8408.25},{"text":"third","start":8408.25,"end":8408.54},{"text":"topic","start":8408.55,"end":8408.96},{"text":"of","start":8408.96,"end":8409.03},{"text":"general","start":8409.03,"end":8409.31},{"text":"principles","start":8409.31,"end":8409.84},{"text":"of","start":8409.84,"end":8409.94},{"text":"law","start":8409.94,"end":8410.16},{"text":"we","start":8410.17,"end":8410.26},{"text":"recognize","start":8410.28,"end":8410.96},{"text":"that","start":8410.96,"end":8411.05},{"text":"the","start":8411.07,"end":8411.14},{"text":"commission","start":8411.14,"end":8411.52},{"text":"addressed","start":8411.69,"end":8412.1},{"text":"some","start":8412.13,"end":8412.29},{"text":"of","start":8412.29,"end":8412.43},{"text":"our","start":8412.43,"end":8412.54},{"text":"concerns","start":8412.54,"end":8413.04},{"text":"in","start":8413.04,"end":8413.11},{"text":"the","start":8413.11,"end":8413.18},{"text":"final","start":8413.19,"end":8413.51},{"text":"draft","start":8413.53,"end":8413.82},{"text":"conclusions","start":8413.82,"end":8414.59},{"text":"and","start":8414.93,"end":8415.08},{"text":"commentaries","start":8415.09,"end":8415.77},{"text":"regrettably","start":8415.81,"end":8416.44},{"text":"however","start":8416.45,"end":8416.9},{"text":"we","start":8417.32,"end":8417.43},{"text":"continue","start":8417.44,"end":8417.86},{"text":"to","start":8417.86,"end":8417.97},{"text":"disagree","start":8417.97,"end":8418.45},{"text":"with","start":8418.45,"end":8418.58},{"text":"several","start":8418.58,"end":8419.04},{"text":"of","start":8419.05,"end":8419.15},{"text":"the","start":8419.17,"end":8419.23},{"text":"draft","start":8419.25,"end":8419.52},{"text":"conclusions","start":8419.52,"end":8420.21}]},{"text":"I will highlight a few of our remaining concerns regarding draft conclusions conclusion three, we continue to disagree with the inclusion of sub paragraph B, which includes a category of general principles to quote that we may be formed with within the international excuse me that may be formed within the international legal system.","start":8420.52,"end":8438.74,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"I","start":8420.52,"end":8420.57},{"text":"will","start":8420.57,"end":8420.69},{"text":"highlight","start":8420.69,"end":8421.03},{"text":"a","start":8421.03,"end":8421.06},{"text":"few","start":8421.06,"end":8421.3},{"text":"of","start":8421.3,"end":8421.42},{"text":"our","start":8421.43,"end":8421.54},{"text":"remaining","start":8421.54,"end":8421.89},{"text":"concerns","start":8421.91,"end":8422.51},{"text":"regarding","start":8423.41,"end":8423.78},{"text":"draft","start":8423.79,"end":8424.08},{"text":"conclusions","start":8424.08,"end":8424.08},{"text":"conclusion","start":8424.08,"end":8424.63},{"text":"three","start":8424.64,"end":8424.97},{"text":"we","start":8425,"end":8425.13},{"text":"continue","start":8425.14,"end":8425.58},{"text":"to","start":8425.58,"end":8425.69},{"text":"disagree","start":8425.69,"end":8426.17},{"text":"with","start":8426.17,"end":8426.34},{"text":"the","start":8426.34,"end":8426.43},{"text":"inclusion","start":8426.43,"end":8426.93},{"text":"of","start":8426.93,"end":8427.01},{"text":"sub","start":8427.01,"end":8427.25},{"text":"paragraph","start":8427.25,"end":8427.81},{"text":"B","start":8427.85,"end":8428.15},{"text":"which","start":8428.17,"end":8428.48},{"text":"includes","start":8428.86,"end":8429.2},{"text":"a","start":8429.2,"end":8429.24},{"text":"category","start":8429.24,"end":8429.89},{"text":"of","start":8429.93,"end":8430.01},{"text":"general","start":8430.01,"end":8430.3},{"text":"principles","start":8430.31,"end":8431.12},{"text":"to","start":8431.45,"end":8431.55},{"text":"quote","start":8431.56,"end":8431.89},{"text":"that","start":8431.93,"end":8432.13},{"text":"we","start":8432.22,"end":8432.4},{"text":"may","start":8432.41,"end":8432.58},{"text":"be","start":8432.58,"end":8432.74},{"text":"formed","start":8432.75,"end":8433.34},{"text":"with","start":8433.37,"end":8433.64},{"text":"within","start":8433.77,"end":8434.11},{"text":"the","start":8434.13,"end":8434.25},{"text":"international","start":8434.45,"end":8435.01},{"text":"excuse","start":8435.39,"end":8435.65},{"text":"me","start":8435.66,"end":8435.79},{"text":"that","start":8435.81,"end":8435.97},{"text":"may","start":8436.01,"end":8436.21},{"text":"be","start":8436.21,"end":8436.33},{"text":"formed","start":8436.34,"end":8436.68},{"text":"within","start":8436.68,"end":8436.96},{"text":"the","start":8436.96,"end":8437.05},{"text":"international","start":8437.07,"end":8437.56},{"text":"legal","start":8437.81,"end":8438.21},{"text":"system","start":8438.29,"end":8438.74}]},{"text":"There is insufficient state practice to support this category.","start":8439.69,"end":8442.59,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"There","start":8439.69,"end":8439.86},{"text":"is","start":8439.86,"end":8439.99},{"text":"insufficient","start":8440.01,"end":8440.14},{"text":"state","start":8440.14,"end":8440.89},{"text":"practice","start":8440.89,"end":8441.41},{"text":"to","start":8441.41,"end":8441.52},{"text":"support","start":8441.52,"end":8441.89},{"text":"this","start":8441.89,"end":8442.08},{"text":"category","start":8442.08,"end":8442.59}]},{"text":"As the commission recognizes in draft conclusion to state recognition must be a cornerstone in any determination that a general principle of law exists.","start":8443.23,"end":8451.58,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"As","start":8443.23,"end":8443.37},{"text":"the","start":8443.38,"end":8443.46},{"text":"commission","start":8443.46,"end":8443.86},{"text":"recognizes","start":8443.86,"end":8444.57},{"text":"in","start":8444.57,"end":8444.66},{"text":"draft","start":8444.66,"end":8444.95},{"text":"conclusion","start":8444.97,"end":8445.54},{"text":"to","start":8445.55,"end":8445.95},{"text":"state","start":8446.3,"end":8446.6},{"text":"recognition","start":8446.61,"end":8447.3},{"text":"must","start":8447.31,"end":8447.6},{"text":"be","start":8447.62,"end":8447.77},{"text":"a","start":8447.77,"end":8447.81},{"text":"cornerstone","start":8447.81,"end":8448.49},{"text":"in","start":8448.49,"end":8448.63},{"text":"any","start":8448.65,"end":8448.93},{"text":"determination","start":8448.93,"end":8449.65},{"text":"that","start":8449.65,"end":8449.8},{"text":"a","start":8449.8,"end":8449.85},{"text":"general","start":8449.85,"end":8450.18},{"text":"principle","start":8450.18,"end":8450.18},{"text":"of","start":8450.61,"end":8450.72},{"text":"law","start":8450.72,"end":8450.97},{"text":"exists","start":8450.98,"end":8451.58}]},{"text":"The commission attempts to address this concern through the general methodology laid out in draft conclusion seven, which not only requires a principle to be intrinsic to the international legal system, but also that the community of nations has recognized it as such.","start":8452.28,"end":8465.67,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"The","start":8452.28,"end":8452.36},{"text":"commission","start":8452.36,"end":8452.81},{"text":"attempts","start":8452.81,"end":8453.2},{"text":"to","start":8453.2,"end":8453.31},{"text":"address","start":8453.31,"end":8453.69},{"text":"this","start":8453.69,"end":8453.91},{"text":"concern","start":8453.91,"end":8454.45},{"text":"through","start":8454.45,"end":8454.6},{"text":"the","start":8454.6,"end":8454.69},{"text":"general","start":8454.7,"end":8455},{"text":"methodology","start":8455.01,"end":8455.67},{"text":"laid","start":8455.67,"end":8455.91},{"text":"out","start":8455.91,"end":8456.08},{"text":"in","start":8456.08,"end":8456.18},{"text":"draft","start":8456.18,"end":8456.44},{"text":"conclusion","start":8456.45,"end":8456.94},{"text":"seven","start":8456.94,"end":8457.39},{"text":"which","start":8458.09,"end":8458.26},{"text":"not","start":8458.26,"end":8458.47},{"text":"only","start":8458.47,"end":8458.73},{"text":"requires","start":8458.73,"end":8459.28},{"text":"a","start":8459.28,"end":8459.33},{"text":"principle","start":8459.33,"end":8459.75},{"text":"to","start":8459.77,"end":8459.83},{"text":"be","start":8459.83,"end":8459.93},{"text":"intrinsic","start":8459.95,"end":8460.48},{"text":"to","start":8460.48,"end":8460.59},{"text":"the","start":8460.6,"end":8460.69},{"text":"international","start":8460.72,"end":8461.25},{"text":"legal","start":8461.25,"end":8461.5},{"text":"system","start":8461.5,"end":8461.93},{"text":"but","start":8462.37,"end":8462.47},{"text":"also","start":8462.5,"end":8462.81},{"text":"that","start":8462.83,"end":8462.97},{"text":"the","start":8462.98,"end":8463.06},{"text":"community","start":8463.06,"end":8463.52},{"text":"of","start":8463.53,"end":8463.62},{"text":"nations","start":8463.62,"end":8464.1},{"text":"has","start":8464.1,"end":8464.25},{"text":"recognized","start":8464.29,"end":8464.92},{"text":"it","start":8464.92,"end":8465.04},{"text":"as","start":8465.06,"end":8465.21},{"text":"such","start":8465.24,"end":8465.67}]},{"text":"That is a helpful clarification, but we remain concerned that there is insufficient evidence to demonstrate that the test has been met in any instance, in particular with respect to the putative general principles that the commission includes in paragraphs 6 to 17 of the commentaries to draft conclusion seven.","start":8466.44,"end":8483.13,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"That","start":8466.44,"end":8466.53},{"text":"is","start":8466.53,"end":8466.67},{"text":"a","start":8466.67,"end":8466.7},{"text":"helpful","start":8466.7,"end":8467.01},{"text":"clarification","start":8467.01,"end":8467.93},{"text":"but","start":8468.24,"end":8468.36},{"text":"we","start":8468.36,"end":8468.48},{"text":"remain","start":8468.5,"end":8468.85},{"text":"concerned","start":8468.85,"end":8469.34},{"text":"that","start":8469.35,"end":8469.45},{"text":"there","start":8469.49,"end":8469.65},{"text":"is","start":8469.65,"end":8469.79},{"text":"insufficient","start":8469.82,"end":8470.45},{"text":"evidence","start":8470.45,"end":8470.92},{"text":"to","start":8470.92,"end":8471.04},{"text":"demonstrate","start":8471.05,"end":8471.63},{"text":"that","start":8471.66,"end":8471.75},{"text":"the","start":8471.77,"end":8471.87},{"text":"test","start":8471.87,"end":8472.28},{"text":"has","start":8472.33,"end":8472.5},{"text":"been","start":8472.5,"end":8472.65},{"text":"met","start":8472.65,"end":8472.92},{"text":"in","start":8472.93,"end":8473.09},{"text":"any","start":8473.09,"end":8473.29},{"text":"instance","start":8473.35,"end":8473.83},{"text":"in","start":8474.41,"end":8474.53},{"text":"particular","start":8474.53,"end":8475.12},{"text":"with","start":8475.12,"end":8475.29},{"text":"respect","start":8475.29,"end":8475.65},{"text":"to","start":8475.66,"end":8475.76},{"text":"the","start":8475.78,"end":8475.86},{"text":"putative","start":8475.86,"end":8476.46},{"text":"general","start":8476.69,"end":8477.07},{"text":"principles","start":8477.07,"end":8477.65},{"text":"that","start":8477.66,"end":8477.77},{"text":"the","start":8477.77,"end":8477.86},{"text":"commission","start":8477.86,"end":8478.3},{"text":"includes","start":8478.31,"end":8478.74},{"text":"in","start":8478.74,"end":8478.83},{"text":"paragraphs","start":8478.83,"end":8479.43},{"text":"6","start":8479.53,"end":8479.86},{"text":"to","start":8479.86,"end":8479.94},{"text":"17","start":8480.27,"end":8480.65},{"text":"of","start":8480.98,"end":8481.07},{"text":"the","start":8481.07,"end":8481.14},{"text":"commentaries","start":8481.15,"end":8481.83},{"text":"to","start":8481.85,"end":8481.93},{"text":"draft","start":8481.95,"end":8482.25},{"text":"conclusion","start":8482.25,"end":8482.74},{"text":"seven","start":8482.76,"end":8483.13}]},{"text":"We believe many of those examples either arose from domestic systems or simply lack recognition by states.","start":8483.97,"end":8489.34,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":8483.97,"end":8484.1},{"text":"believe","start":8484.1,"end":8484.4},{"text":"many","start":8484.4,"end":8484.66},{"text":"of","start":8484.66,"end":8484.75},{"text":"those","start":8484.75,"end":8484.94},{"text":"examples","start":8484.95,"end":8485.54},{"text":"either","start":8485.54,"end":8485.77},{"text":"arose","start":8485.78,"end":8486.2},{"text":"from","start":8486.21,"end":8486.38},{"text":"domestic","start":8486.41,"end":8486.84},{"text":"systems","start":8486.84,"end":8487.39},{"text":"or","start":8487.69,"end":8487.86},{"text":"simply","start":8487.86,"end":8488.25},{"text":"lack","start":8488.25,"end":8488.53},{"text":"recognition","start":8488.53,"end":8489.13},{"text":"by","start":8489.14,"end":8489.26},{"text":"states","start":8489.26,"end":8489.34}]},{"text":"as general principles of law.","start":8489.67,"end":8490.96,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"as","start":8489.67,"end":8489.78},{"text":"general","start":8489.78,"end":8490.08},{"text":"principles","start":8490.08,"end":8490.62},{"text":"of","start":8490.62,"end":8490.71},{"text":"law","start":8490.72,"end":8490.96}]},{"text":"With respect to the first category of general principles derived from national legal systems, we again appreciate the reference to draft conclusion two in the commentaries, which reiterates that for a general principle to have been transposed to the international legal system, the transposition must be recognized as such by the community of nations.","start":8492.05,"end":8510.09,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. 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Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":8524.77,"end":8524.88},{"text":"therefore","start":8524.89,"end":8525.25},{"text":"disagree","start":8525.25,"end":8525.77},{"text":"with","start":8525.77,"end":8525.91},{"text":"the","start":8525.93,"end":8525.98},{"text":"commentary's","start":8525.99,"end":8526.65},{"text":"explanation","start":8526.65,"end":8527.33},{"text":"that","start":8527.34,"end":8527.44},{"text":"once","start":8527.46,"end":8527.7},{"text":"the","start":8527.71,"end":8527.79},{"text":"compatibility","start":8527.8,"end":8528.52},{"text":"test","start":8528.59,"end":8528.94},{"text":"is","start":8528.94,"end":8529.06},{"text":"met","start":8529.06,"end":8529.36},{"text":"it","start":8529.87,"end":8529.94},{"text":"can","start":8529.95,"end":8530.1},{"text":"be","start":8530.1,"end":8530.23},{"text":"inferred","start":8530.23,"end":8530.7},{"text":"that","start":8530.73,"end":8530.85},{"text":"the","start":8530.89,"end":8531.16},{"text":"community","start":8531.17,"end":8531.6},{"text":"of","start":8531.61,"end":8531.69},{"text":"nations","start":8531.69,"end":8532.14},{"text":"has","start":8532.14,"end":8532.29},{"text":"recognized","start":8532.29,"end":8532.96},{"text":"a","start":8532.96,"end":8533.01},{"text":"general","start":8533.01,"end":8533.29},{"text":"principle's","start":8533.3,"end":8533.81},{"text":"transposition","start":8533.81,"end":8534.57},{"text":"without","start":8535.09,"end":8535.38},{"text":"any","start":8535.41,"end":8535.61},{"text":"formal","start":8535.61,"end":8535.91},{"text":"act","start":8535.93,"end":8536.24},{"text":"by","start":8536.25,"end":8536.41},{"text":"states","start":8536.43,"end":8536.85}]},{"text":"Rather, consistent with the consent required with respect to conventional and customary international law, we maintain there must be evidence that states have themselves reached this conclusion.","start":8537.89,"end":8547.79,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"Rather","start":8537.89,"end":8538.25},{"text":"consistent","start":8538.53,"end":8539.05},{"text":"with","start":8539.05,"end":8539.21},{"text":"the","start":8539.21,"end":8539.29},{"text":"consent","start":8539.29,"end":8539.77},{"text":"required","start":8539.77,"end":8540.36},{"text":"with","start":8540.36,"end":8540.57},{"text":"respect","start":8540.57,"end":8540.97},{"text":"to","start":8540.97,"end":8541.05},{"text":"conventional","start":8541.06,"end":8541.06},{"text":"and","start":8541.72,"end":8541.91},{"text":"customary","start":8541.91,"end":8542.42},{"text":"international","start":8542.42,"end":8542.97},{"text":"law","start":8542.97,"end":8543.28},{"text":"we","start":8543.81,"end":8543.94},{"text":"maintain","start":8543.94,"end":8544.45},{"text":"there","start":8544.45,"end":8544.55},{"text":"must","start":8544.55,"end":8544.74},{"text":"be","start":8544.75,"end":8544.89},{"text":"evidence","start":8544.93,"end":8545.3},{"text":"that","start":8545.33,"end":8545.43},{"text":"states","start":8545.45,"end":8545.88},{"text":"have","start":8545.89,"end":8546.01},{"text":"themselves","start":8546.04,"end":8546.53},{"text":"reached","start":8546.53,"end":8546.95},{"text":"this","start":8546.96,"end":8547.21},{"text":"conclusion","start":8547.22,"end":8547.79}]},{"text":"On draft conclusions ten and 11, we note that the commentaries to draft conclusion ten correctly emphasize that general principles are mainly resorted to when other rules of international law do not resolve a particular issue.","start":8549.05,"end":8560.57,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. 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Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"This","start":8580.68,"end":8580.87},{"text":"may","start":8580.87,"end":8581.01},{"text":"cause","start":8581.02,"end":8581.32},{"text":"confusion","start":8581.34,"end":8581.96},{"text":"as","start":8582,"end":8582.13},{"text":"to","start":8582.16,"end":8582.25},{"text":"when","start":8582.26,"end":8582.57},{"text":"and","start":8582.58,"end":8582.73},{"text":"how","start":8582.73,"end":8583.02},{"text":"general","start":8583.04,"end":8583.33},{"text":"principles","start":8583.33,"end":8583.91},{"text":"could","start":8583.93,"end":8584.11},{"text":"take","start":8584.11,"end":8584.34},{"text":"precedence","start":8584.36,"end":8584.98},{"text":"over","start":8585.31,"end":8585.52},{"text":"other","start":8585.52,"end":8585.78},{"text":"sources","start":8585.78,"end":8586.24},{"text":"of","start":8586.24,"end":8586.33},{"text":"international","start":8586.33,"end":8586.88},{"text":"law","start":8586.88,"end":8587.16},{"text":"binding","start":8587.16,"end":8587.53},{"text":"on","start":8587.53,"end":8587.66},{"text":"states","start":8587.66,"end":8588.14}]},{"text":"Finally, on draft conclusion 11, we refer to the debate whether to include the concept of persistent objector in the draft conclusions, as suggested by the United States.","start":8589.12,"end":8599.07,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Finally","start":8589.12,"end":8589.67},{"text":"on","start":8589.77,"end":8589.94},{"text":"draft","start":8589.94,"end":8590.24},{"text":"conclusion","start":8590.24,"end":8590.72},{"text":"11","start":8590.76,"end":8591.14},{"text":"we","start":8591.16,"end":8591.33},{"text":"refer","start":8591.33,"end":8591.72},{"text":"to","start":8591.72,"end":8591.84},{"text":"the","start":8591.84,"end":8591.93},{"text":"debate","start":8591.94,"end":8592.39},{"text":"whether","start":8592.48,"end":8592.74},{"text":"to","start":8592.76,"end":8592.9},{"text":"include","start":8592.91,"end":8593.33},{"text":"the","start":8593.33,"end":8593.39},{"text":"concept","start":8593.4,"end":8593.94},{"text":"of","start":8593.94,"end":8594},{"text":"persistent","start":8594.04,"end":8594.6},{"text":"objector","start":8594.61,"end":8595.21},{"text":"in","start":8595.21,"end":8595.31},{"text":"the","start":8595.31,"end":8595.36},{"text":"draft","start":8595.38,"end":8595.6},{"text":"conclusions","start":8595.68,"end":8596.32},{"text":"as","start":8597.34,"end":8597.48},{"text":"suggested","start":8597.48,"end":8598.04},{"text":"by","start":8598.04,"end":8598.19},{"text":"the","start":8598.2,"end":8598.28},{"text":"United","start":8598.28,"end":8598.62},{"text":"States","start":8598.63,"end":8599.07}]},{"text":"We note that some members of the commission acknowledged that it was hard to understand how, if a state could object to the formation of a, customary rule, a state could not also object to a general principle of law with the same content.","start":8600.15,"end":8612.2,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. 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Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":8613.21,"end":8613.28},{"text":"are","start":8613.28,"end":8613.4},{"text":"therefore","start":8613.4,"end":8613.8},{"text":"disappointed","start":8613.8,"end":8614.54},{"text":"that","start":8614.56,"end":8614.69},{"text":"the","start":8614.69,"end":8614.8},{"text":"ILC","start":8614.8,"end":8615.24},{"text":"declined","start":8615.25,"end":8615.83},{"text":"to","start":8615.85,"end":8616.01},{"text":"address","start":8616.02,"end":8616.41},{"text":"the","start":8616.43,"end":8616.52},{"text":"applicability","start":8616.52,"end":8617.17},{"text":"of","start":8617.17,"end":8617.25},{"text":"the","start":8617.26,"end":8617.32},{"text":"persistent","start":8617.33,"end":8617.84},{"text":"objector","start":8617.84,"end":8618.34},{"text":"doctrine","start":8618.62,"end":8619.15},{"text":"to","start":8619.54,"end":8619.69},{"text":"general","start":8619.69,"end":8619.99},{"text":"principles","start":8619.99,"end":8620.54}]},{"text":"The United States maintains that persistent objection to the recognition of a general principle of law should be treated as it would in the context of a rule of customary international law.","start":8621.48,"end":8631.2,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. 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Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"En","start":8842.95,"end":8843.09},{"text":"la","start":8843.09,"end":8843.17},{"text":"pasada","start":8843.18,"end":8843.52},{"text":"reunión","start":8843.53,"end":8843.93},{"text":"de","start":8843.93,"end":8844.03},{"text":"alto","start":8844.03,"end":8844.27},{"text":"nivel","start":8844.27,"end":8844.63},{"text":"sobre","start":8846.19,"end":8846.49},{"text":"cómo","start":8846.49,"end":8846.71},{"text":"afrentar","start":8846.71,"end":8847.35},{"text":"las","start":8847.84,"end":8848.19},{"text":"amenazas","start":8848.19,"end":8848.64},{"text":"existenciales","start":8848.65,"end":8849.64},{"text":"que","start":8849.64,"end":8849.78},{"text":"plantea","start":8849.78,"end":8850.33},{"text":"el","start":8850.39,"end":8850.57},{"text":"aumento","start":8850.58,"end":8850.91},{"text":"del","start":8850.91,"end":8851},{"text":"nivel","start":8851.03,"end":8851.26},{"text":"del","start":8851.28,"end":8851.39},{"text":"mar","start":8851.39,"end":8851.67},{"text":"celebrada","start":8851.69,"end":8852.35},{"text":"el","start":8852.42,"end":8852.6},{"text":"pasado","start":8852.6,"end":8852.99},{"text":"24","start":8853.02,"end":8853.02},{"text":"de","start":8853.65,"end":8853.67},{"text":"septiembre","start":8853.67,"end":8854.12},{"text":"de","start":8854.12,"end":8854.15},{"text":"2026","start":8854.35,"end":8854.95},{"text":"durante","start":8855.23,"end":8855.58},{"text":"la","start":8855.59,"end":8855.69},{"text":"semana","start":8855.69,"end":8856.1},{"text":"de","start":8856.1,"end":8856.18},{"text":"alto","start":8856.18,"end":8856.44},{"text":"nivel","start":8856.44,"end":8856.85},{"text":"de","start":8856.91,"end":8857.06},{"text":"la","start":8857.06,"end":8857.12},{"text":"asamblea","start":8857.14,"end":8857.49},{"text":"general","start":8857.49,"end":8857.87},{"text":"de","start":8857.87,"end":8857.95},{"text":"las","start":8857.96,"end":8858.03},{"text":"Naciones","start":8858.03,"end":8858.39},{"text":"Unidas","start":8858.39,"end":8858.75}]},{"text":"Esta declaración constituye un primer entendimiento común en las Naciones Unidas sobre cómo abordar de manera colectiva esta amenaza que nos afecta a todos.","start":8859.21,"end":8869.75,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"Esta","start":8859.21,"end":8859.43},{"text":"declaración","start":8859.44,"end":8859.97},{"text":"constituye","start":8859.97,"end":8860.72},{"text":"un","start":8860.72,"end":8860.95},{"text":"primer","start":8860.95,"end":8861.3},{"text":"entendimiento","start":8861.31,"end":8861.92},{"text":"común","start":8861.92,"end":8862.35},{"text":"en","start":8862.47,"end":8862.63},{"text":"las","start":8862.63,"end":8862.74},{"text":"Naciones","start":8862.75,"end":8863.18},{"text":"Unidas","start":8863.47,"end":8863.9},{"text":"sobre","start":8864.18,"end":8864.54},{"text":"cómo","start":8864.55,"end":8864.87},{"text":"abordar","start":8864.87,"end":8865.39},{"text":"de","start":8865.39,"end":8865.54},{"text":"manera","start":8865.54,"end":8865.89},{"text":"colectiva","start":8865.89,"end":8866.5},{"text":"esta","start":8866.59,"end":8866.91},{"text":"amenaza","start":8866.91,"end":8867.45},{"text":"que","start":8868.59,"end":8868.76},{"text":"nos","start":8868.77,"end":8868.95},{"text":"afecta","start":8868.95,"end":8869.3},{"text":"a","start":8869.3,"end":8869.33},{"text":"todos","start":8869.33,"end":8869.75}]},{"text":"Así por ejemplo, para Costa Rica una medición realizada por la NASA en 2021 mediante su herramienta de proyección del nivel del mar pronostica un aumento de 1,25 metros en los próximos 100 años para la ciudad de Puntarenas en el Pacífico medio costarricense.","start":8869.83,"end":8886.99,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. 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Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"Se","start":8901.39,"end":8901.53},{"text":"prevén","start":8901.53,"end":8901.92},{"text":"así","start":8901.94,"end":8902.28},{"text":"mismo","start":8902.28,"end":8902.71},{"text":"serios","start":8902.71,"end":8903.16},{"text":"impactos","start":8903.16,"end":8903.82},{"text":"en","start":8903.83,"end":8903.95},{"text":"la","start":8903.95,"end":8904.05},{"text":"provincia","start":8904.05,"end":8904.55},{"text":"de","start":8904.57,"end":8904.64},{"text":"Limón","start":8904.65,"end":8905.09},{"text":"en","start":8905.15,"end":8905.35},{"text":"el","start":8905.35,"end":8905.46},{"text":"Caribe","start":8905.46,"end":8905.87},{"text":"costarricense","start":8905.88,"end":8906.69}]},{"text":"La elevación del nivel del mar constituye una de las manifestaciones más graves y evidentes de la crisis climática.","start":8907.15,"end":8913.47,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. 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Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and 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gracias.","start":8940.9,"end":8941.66,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Muchas","start":8940.9,"end":8941.19},{"text":"gracias","start":8941.21,"end":8941.66}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"CRI","group":null,"function":"Representante","affiliation_full":"Costa Rica"}},{"statement_number":38,"start":8945.97,"pageUrl":"/zh/ga/c6/81/30?lang=floor&t=2:29:06","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"I thank the Distinguished Representative of Costa Rica for his 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Paraguay.","start":8949.66,"end":8952.51,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":8949.66,"end":8949.75},{"text":"now","start":8949.76,"end":8949.91},{"text":"give","start":8949.92,"end":8950.12},{"text":"the","start":8950.14,"end":8950.23},{"text":"floor","start":8950.23,"end":8950.52},{"text":"to","start":8950.54,"end":8950.64},{"text":"the","start":8950.65,"end":8950.75},{"text":"Distinguished","start":8950.75,"end":8951.22},{"text":"Representative","start":8951.22,"end":8951.88},{"text":"of","start":8951.88,"end":8952.01},{"text":"Paraguay","start":8952.02,"end":8952.51}]},{"text":"You have the floor sir.","start":8953.14,"end":8953.98,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"You","start":8953.14,"end":8953.24},{"text":"have","start":8953.24,"end":8953.42},{"text":"the","start":8953.45,"end":8953.52},{"text":"floor","start":8953.54,"end":8953.75},{"text":"sir","start":8953.75,"end":8953.98}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"6th Committee","group":null,"function":"Chair","affiliation_full":"6th Committee"}},{"statement_number":39,"start":8958.18,"pageUrl":"/zh/ga/c6/81/30?lang=floor&t=2:29:19","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Muchas gracias señora presidenta.","start":8958.18,"end":8959.7,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Muchas","start":8958.18,"end":8958.39},{"text":"gracias","start":8958.42,"end":8958.86},{"text":"señora","start":8958.86,"end":8959.17},{"text":"presidenta","start":8959.18,"end":8959.7}]},{"text":"Permítame expresar en primer lugar nuestro reconocimiento a la Comisión de Derecho Internacional por la valiosa labor realizada durante su 77.º periodo de sesiones.","start":8961.03,"end":8971.26,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Permítame","start":8961.03,"end":8961.5},{"text":"expresar","start":8961.5,"end":8962.04},{"text":"en","start":8962.06,"end":8962.19},{"text":"primer","start":8962.2,"end":8962.44},{"text":"lugar","start":8962.44,"end":8962.76},{"text":"nuestro","start":8963.42,"end":8963.7},{"text":"reconocimiento","start":8963.73,"end":8964.41},{"text":"a","start":8964.42,"end":8964.45},{"text":"la","start":8964.45,"end":8964.55},{"text":"Comisión","start":8964.55,"end":8964.97},{"text":"de","start":8964.98,"end":8965.03},{"text":"Derecho","start":8965.07,"end":8965.3},{"text":"Internacional","start":8965.3,"end":8966.02},{"text":"por","start":8966.42,"end":8966.6},{"text":"la","start":8966.6,"end":8966.68},{"text":"valiosa","start":8966.68,"end":8967.07},{"text":"labor","start":8967.07,"end":8967.38},{"text":"realizada","start":8967.38,"end":8968.02},{"text":"durante","start":8968.34,"end":8968.77},{"text":"su","start":8968.77,"end":8968.91},{"text":"77.º","start":8968.94,"end":8970.41},{"text":"periodo","start":8970.44,"end":8970.67},{"text":"de","start":8970.67,"end":8970.75},{"text":"sesiones","start":8970.78,"end":8971.26}]},{"text":"Agradecemos el informe A barra 81 barra 10 y destacamos el importante aporte de la comisión al desarrollo progresivo del derecho internacional y su codificación.","start":8972.22,"end":8982.53,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Agradecemos","start":8972.22,"end":8972.79},{"text":"el","start":8972.79,"end":8972.89},{"text":"informe","start":8972.89,"end":8973.53},{"text":"A","start":8973.62,"end":8973.9},{"text":"barra","start":8973.94,"end":8974.16},{"text":"81","start":8974.54,"end":8974.96},{"text":"barra","start":8974.98,"end":8975.25},{"text":"10","start":8975.26,"end":8975.59},{"text":"y","start":8976.29,"end":8976.42},{"text":"destacamos","start":8976.43,"end":8976.97},{"text":"el","start":8976.98,"end":8977.08},{"text":"importante","start":8977.09,"end":8977.61},{"text":"aporte","start":8977.61,"end":8977.99},{"text":"de","start":8978.01,"end":8978.08},{"text":"la","start":8978.08,"end":8978.18},{"text":"comisión","start":8978.19,"end":8978.78},{"text":"al","start":8978.82,"end":8978.94},{"text":"desarrollo","start":8978.94,"end":8979.41},{"text":"progresivo","start":8979.42,"end":8979.91},{"text":"del","start":8979.97,"end":8979.99},{"text":"derecho","start":8980.08,"end":8980.42},{"text":"internacional","start":8980.7,"end":8981.56},{"text":"y","start":8981.56,"end":8981.67},{"text":"su","start":8981.67,"end":8981.82},{"text":"codificación","start":8981.82,"end":8982.53}]},{"text":"En este sentido hacemos extensivo nuestro reconocimiento a todos sus miembros.","start":8983.54,"end":8988.38,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"En","start":8983.54,"end":8983.66},{"text":"este","start":8983.66,"end":8983.8},{"text":"sentido","start":8983.94,"end":8984.26},{"text":"hacemos","start":8984.65,"end":8985.02},{"text":"extensivo","start":8985.02,"end":8985.64},{"text":"nuestro","start":8985.78,"end":8986.18},{"text":"reconocimiento","start":8986.18,"end":8987.16},{"text":"a","start":8987.34,"end":8987.5},{"text":"todos","start":8987.5,"end":8987.7},{"text":"sus","start":8987.7,"end":8987.9},{"text":"miembros","start":8987.9,"end":8988.38}]},{"text":"Consideramos fundamental que el diálogo entre la Comisión de Derecho Internacional y la 6.ª Comisión permita a los estados contribuir efectivamente a la definición de soluciones jurídicas equilibradas y ampliamente aceptables.","start":8990.13,"end":9004.69,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Consideramos","start":8990.13,"end":8990.69},{"text":"fundamental","start":8990.69,"end":8991.39},{"text":"que","start":8991.7,"end":8991.82},{"text":"el","start":8991.82,"end":8991.9},{"text":"diálogo","start":8991.9,"end":8992.25},{"text":"entre","start":8992.25,"end":8992.44},{"text":"la","start":8992.45,"end":8992.54},{"text":"Comisión","start":8992.54,"end":8992.93},{"text":"de","start":8992.94,"end":8993.02},{"text":"Derecho","start":8993.02,"end":8993.34},{"text":"Internacional","start":8993.34,"end":8994.1},{"text":"y","start":8994.47,"end":8994.61},{"text":"la","start":8994.61,"end":8994.7},{"text":"6.ª","start":8994.7,"end":8995.02},{"text":"Comisión","start":8995.05,"end":8995.5},{"text":"permita","start":8996.01,"end":8996.39},{"text":"a","start":8996.39,"end":8996.42},{"text":"los","start":8996.42,"end":8996.49},{"text":"estados","start":8996.56,"end":8996.86},{"text":"contribuir","start":8996.87,"end":8997.56},{"text":"efectivamente","start":8997.62,"end":8998.67},{"text":"a","start":8999.28,"end":8999.38},{"text":"la","start":8999.38,"end":8999.52},{"text":"definición","start":8999.52,"end":9000.1},{"text":"de","start":9000.11,"end":9000.18},{"text":"soluciones","start":9000.19,"end":9000.62},{"text":"jurídicas","start":9000.63,"end":9001.14},{"text":"equilibradas","start":9001.17,"end":9001.94},{"text":"y","start":9002.26,"end":9002.42},{"text":"ampliamente","start":9003.42,"end":9004.05},{"text":"aceptables","start":9004.06,"end":9004.69}]},{"text":"En este particular las observaciones formuladas por las delegaciones constituyen un aporte importante para evaluar los resultados de la Comisión y examinar las cuestiones que requieren mayor claridad jurídica.","start":9005.4,"end":9018.92,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"En","start":9005.4,"end":9005.53},{"text":"este","start":9005.53,"end":9005.71},{"text":"particular","start":9005.71,"end":9006.28},{"text":"las","start":9007.07,"end":9007.23},{"text":"observaciones","start":9007.23,"end":9007.82},{"text":"formuladas","start":9007.82,"end":9008.31},{"text":"por","start":9008.31,"end":9008.46},{"text":"las","start":9008.46,"end":9008.59},{"text":"delegaciones","start":9008.61,"end":9009.37},{"text":"constituyen","start":9009.63,"end":9010.18},{"text":"un","start":9010.18,"end":9010.29},{"text":"aporte","start":9010.29,"end":9010.65},{"text":"importante","start":9010.65,"end":9011.36},{"text":"para","start":9012.1,"end":9012.34},{"text":"evaluar","start":9012.34,"end":9012.66},{"text":"los","start":9012.66,"end":9012.78},{"text":"resultados","start":9012.78,"end":9013.42},{"text":"de","start":9013.42,"end":9013.53},{"text":"la","start":9013.53,"end":9013.63},{"text":"Comisión","start":9013.63,"end":9014.15},{"text":"y","start":9014.77,"end":9014.89},{"text":"examinar","start":9014.89,"end":9015.51},{"text":"las","start":9015.66,"end":9015.88},{"text":"cuestiones","start":9015.88,"end":9016.53},{"text":"que","start":9016.71,"end":9016.9},{"text":"requieren","start":9016.9,"end":9017.47},{"text":"mayor","start":9017.58,"end":9018.04},{"text":"claridad","start":9018.04,"end":9018.46},{"text":"jurídica","start":9018.46,"end":9018.92}]},{"text":"Señora Presidenta con relación al proyecto de artículos sobre inmunidad de jurisdicción penal extranjera de los funcionarios del estado.","start":9021.06,"end":9027.95,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. 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Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"El","start":9061.79,"end":9061.87},{"text":"desafío","start":9061.87,"end":9062.39},{"text":"consiste","start":9062.39,"end":9062.88},{"text":"en","start":9062.88,"end":9062.96},{"text":"asegurar","start":9062.96,"end":9063.48},{"text":"que","start":9063.5,"end":9063.74},{"text":"las","start":9063.74,"end":9063.85},{"text":"reglas","start":9063.86,"end":9064.2},{"text":"aplicables","start":9064.2,"end":9064.99},{"text":"protejan","start":9065.07,"end":9065.71},{"text":"al","start":9065.74,"end":9065.92},{"text":"desempeño","start":9065.94,"end":9066.59},{"text":"de","start":9066.59,"end":9066.67},{"text":"las","start":9066.67,"end":9066.78},{"text":"funciones","start":9066.78,"end":9067.22},{"text":"estatales","start":9067.22,"end":9067.77},{"text":"sin","start":9068.31,"end":9068.58},{"text":"convertirse","start":9068.58,"end":9069.2},{"text":"en","start":9069.2,"end":9069.26},{"text":"un","start":9069.26,"end":9069.38},{"text":"obstáculo","start":9069.38,"end":9070.13},{"text":"para","start":9070.17,"end":9070.43},{"text":"la","start":9070.43,"end":9070.48},{"text":"rendición","start":9070.48,"end":9070.96},{"text":"de","start":9070.97,"end":9071.06},{"text":"cuentas","start":9071.06,"end":9071.6},{"text":"conforme","start":9071.61,"end":9072.13},{"text":"al","start":9072.13,"end":9072.21},{"text":"derecho","start":9072.21,"end":9072.51},{"text":"internacional","start":9072.51,"end":9073.1}]},{"text":"En nuestro opinión este equilibrio debe alcanzarse con pleno respeto de la igualdad soberana de los Estados y de las normas aplicables del derecho internacional.","start":9074.02,"end":9083.7,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"En","start":9074.02,"end":9074.14},{"text":"nuestro","start":9074.14,"end":9074.4},{"text":"opinión","start":9074.4,"end":9074.74},{"text":"este","start":9075.37,"end":9075.59},{"text":"equilibrio","start":9075.59,"end":9076.15},{"text":"debe","start":9076.42,"end":9076.68},{"text":"alcanzarse","start":9076.7,"end":9077.27},{"text":"con","start":9077.27,"end":9077.47},{"text":"pleno","start":9077.48,"end":9077.91},{"text":"respeto","start":9077.91,"end":9078.76},{"text":"de","start":9078.78,"end":9078.9},{"text":"la","start":9078.9,"end":9079.01},{"text":"igualdad","start":9079.01,"end":9079.38},{"text":"soberana","start":9079.38,"end":9079.84},{"text":"de","start":9079.86,"end":9079.94},{"text":"los","start":9079.94,"end":9080.06},{"text":"Estados","start":9080.08,"end":9080.58},{"text":"y","start":9081.31,"end":9081.46},{"text":"de","start":9081.46,"end":9081.55},{"text":"las","start":9081.55,"end":9081.69},{"text":"normas","start":9081.7,"end":9081.98},{"text":"aplicables","start":9082.01,"end":9082.55},{"text":"del","start":9082.58,"end":9082.72},{"text":"derecho","start":9082.72,"end":9083.04},{"text":"internacional","start":9083.04,"end":9083.7}]},{"text":"En este sentido consideramos importante prestar especial atención al artículo six relativo a los crímenes respecto de los cuales no se aplica la inmunidad a ciudad en materia.","start":9085.14,"end":9095.9,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"En","start":9085.14,"end":9085.26},{"text":"este","start":9085.26,"end":9085.43},{"text":"sentido","start":9085.43,"end":9085.84},{"text":"consideramos","start":9086.55,"end":9087.1},{"text":"importante","start":9087.1,"end":9087.13},{"text":"prestar","start":9087.7,"end":9088.14},{"text":"especial","start":9088.14,"end":9088.55},{"text":"atención","start":9088.61,"end":9089.11},{"text":"al","start":9089.78,"end":9089.91},{"text":"artículo","start":9089.91,"end":9090.3},{"text":"six","start":9090.3,"end":9090.66},{"text":"relativo","start":9091.02,"end":9091.48},{"text":"a","start":9091.48,"end":9091.52},{"text":"los","start":9091.52,"end":9091.65},{"text":"crímenes","start":9091.66,"end":9092.26},{"text":"respecto","start":9092.26,"end":9092.7},{"text":"de","start":9092.7,"end":9092.8},{"text":"los","start":9092.8,"end":9092.95},{"text":"cuales","start":9092.95,"end":9093.42},{"text":"no","start":9093.43,"end":9093.64},{"text":"se","start":9093.64,"end":9093.77},{"text":"aplica","start":9093.77,"end":9094.33},{"text":"la","start":9094.34,"end":9094.47},{"text":"inmunidad","start":9094.47,"end":9095.02},{"text":"a","start":9095.04,"end":9095.18},{"text":"ciudad","start":9095.18,"end":9095.39},{"text":"en","start":9095.46,"end":9095.49},{"text":"materia","start":9095.49,"end":9095.9}]},{"text":"Las distintas posiciones expresadas durante su examen ponen de relieve la importancia de la interpretación de su fundamento jurídico y alcance así como la relación entre la codificación del derecho internacional vigente y su desarrollo progresivo.","start":9097.38,"end":9111.75,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Las","start":9097.38,"end":9097.48},{"text":"distintas","start":9097.48,"end":9097.9},{"text":"posiciones","start":9097.9,"end":9098.42},{"text":"expresadas","start":9098.42,"end":9099.06},{"text":"durante","start":9099.06,"end":9099.39},{"text":"su","start":9099.41,"end":9099.48},{"text":"examen","start":9099.48,"end":9099.96},{"text":"ponen","start":9100.5,"end":9100.86},{"text":"de","start":9100.86,"end":9100.96},{"text":"relieve","start":9100.97,"end":9101.42},{"text":"la","start":9101.42,"end":9101.5},{"text":"importancia","start":9101.5,"end":9102.26},{"text":"de","start":9102.26,"end":9102.36},{"text":"la","start":9102.37,"end":9102.47},{"text":"interpretación","start":9102.47,"end":9103.24},{"text":"de","start":9103.25,"end":9103.34},{"text":"su","start":9103.34,"end":9103.47},{"text":"fundamento","start":9103.47,"end":9104.02},{"text":"jurídico","start":9104.02,"end":9104.7},{"text":"y","start":9104.74,"end":9104.86},{"text":"alcance","start":9104.87,"end":9105.38},{"text":"así","start":9106.09,"end":9106.35},{"text":"como","start":9106.35,"end":9106.54},{"text":"la","start":9106.54,"end":9106.65},{"text":"relación","start":9106.66,"end":9107.28},{"text":"entre","start":9107.29,"end":9107.6},{"text":"la","start":9107.6,"end":9107.74},{"text":"codificación","start":9107.74,"end":9108.47},{"text":"del","start":9108.48,"end":9108.58},{"text":"derecho","start":9108.58,"end":9108.87},{"text":"internacional","start":9108.87,"end":9109.45},{"text":"vigente","start":9109.45,"end":9110.03},{"text":"y","start":9110.58,"end":9110.67},{"text":"su","start":9110.67,"end":9110.79},{"text":"desarrollo","start":9110.9,"end":9111.23},{"text":"progresivo","start":9111.24,"end":9111.75}]},{"text":"Estimamos que estas cuestiones deben ser observadas atendiendo a la práctica de los estados.","start":9113.26,"end":9118.52,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Estimamos","start":9113.26,"end":9113.56},{"text":"que","start":9113.77,"end":9113.89},{"text":"estas","start":9113.89,"end":9114.12},{"text":"cuestiones","start":9114.13,"end":9114.75},{"text":"deben","start":9115.34,"end":9115.59},{"text":"ser","start":9115.59,"end":9115.76},{"text":"observadas","start":9115.76,"end":9116.49},{"text":"atendiendo","start":9116.57,"end":9117.13},{"text":"a","start":9117.13,"end":9117.17},{"text":"la","start":9117.17,"end":9117.27},{"text":"práctica","start":9117.27,"end":9117.79},{"text":"de","start":9117.8,"end":9117.87},{"text":"los","start":9117.87,"end":9117.98},{"text":"estados","start":9118.01,"end":9118.52}]},{"text":"Y a los argumentos jurídicos expuestos durante los trabajos de la Comisión y los debates de la 6.ª Comisión.","start":9119.33,"end":9125.29,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Y","start":9119.33,"end":9119.44},{"text":"a","start":9119.44,"end":9119.49},{"text":"los","start":9119.49,"end":9119.63},{"text":"argumentos","start":9119.63,"end":9120.16},{"text":"jurídicos","start":9120.17,"end":9120.69},{"text":"expuestos","start":9120.7,"end":9121.41},{"text":"durante","start":9121.41,"end":9121.72},{"text":"los","start":9121.72,"end":9121.85},{"text":"trabajos","start":9121.86,"end":9122.29},{"text":"de","start":9122.29,"end":9122.38},{"text":"la","start":9122.38,"end":9122.48},{"text":"Comisión","start":9122.48,"end":9123.05},{"text":"y","start":9123.53,"end":9123.65},{"text":"los","start":9123.65,"end":9123.79},{"text":"debates","start":9123.79,"end":9124.33},{"text":"de","start":9124.33,"end":9124.44},{"text":"la","start":9124.44,"end":9124.53},{"text":"6.ª","start":9124.53,"end":9124.87},{"text":"Comisión","start":9124.89,"end":9125.29}]},{"text":"Asimismo las garantías procesales previstas en la parte 4.ª del proyecto revisten especial importancia para su aplicación.","start":9126.82,"end":9133.76,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Asimismo","start":9126.82,"end":9127.33},{"text":"las","start":9127.94,"end":9128.07},{"text":"garantías","start":9128.08,"end":9128.47},{"text":"procesales","start":9128.47,"end":9128.99},{"text":"previstas","start":9128.99,"end":9129.49},{"text":"en","start":9129.5,"end":9129.61},{"text":"la","start":9129.61,"end":9129.7},{"text":"parte","start":9129.7,"end":9129.98},{"text":"4.ª","start":9129.98,"end":9130.35},{"text":"del","start":9130.35,"end":9130.44},{"text":"proyecto","start":9130.44,"end":9130.97},{"text":"revisten","start":9131.51,"end":9131.95},{"text":"especial","start":9131.97,"end":9132.31},{"text":"importancia","start":9132.33,"end":9132.93},{"text":"para","start":9132.94,"end":9133.14},{"text":"su","start":9133.14,"end":9133.21},{"text":"aplicación","start":9133.24,"end":9133.76}]},{"text":"La determinación de la inmunidad la notificación al estado del funcionario y las demás garantías contempladas en el proyecto deben ser consideradas en su conjunto.","start":9134.86,"end":9144.61,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"La","start":9134.86,"end":9135},{"text":"determinación","start":9135,"end":9135.57},{"text":"de","start":9135.57,"end":9135.64},{"text":"la","start":9135.64,"end":9135.7},{"text":"inmunidad","start":9135.7,"end":9136.19},{"text":"la","start":9137.11,"end":9137.31},{"text":"notificación","start":9137.32,"end":9138.3},{"text":"al","start":9138.3,"end":9138.45},{"text":"estado","start":9138.48,"end":9138.77},{"text":"del","start":9138.78,"end":9138.89},{"text":"funcionario","start":9138.89,"end":9139.48},{"text":"y","start":9139.98,"end":9140.13},{"text":"las","start":9140.13,"end":9140.27},{"text":"demás","start":9140.28,"end":9140.52},{"text":"garantías","start":9140.52,"end":9140.98},{"text":"contempladas","start":9140.98,"end":9141.57},{"text":"en","start":9141.57,"end":9141.66},{"text":"el","start":9141.68,"end":9141.75},{"text":"proyecto","start":9141.75,"end":9142.34},{"text":"deben","start":9142.79,"end":9143.06},{"text":"ser","start":9143.07,"end":9143.23},{"text":"consideradas","start":9143.25,"end":9143.82},{"text":"en","start":9143.83,"end":9143.93},{"text":"su","start":9143.93,"end":9144.05},{"text":"conjunto","start":9144.05,"end":9144.61}]},{"text":"Teniendo presente la necesidad de evitar tanto la aplicación indebida de la inmunidad como el ejercicio de la jurisdicción sin la debida consideración de las normas internacionales aplicables.","start":9146.21,"end":9155.99,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Teniendo","start":9146.21,"end":9146.6},{"text":"presente","start":9146.6,"end":9147.2},{"text":"la","start":9147.21,"end":9147.39},{"text":"necesidad","start":9147.39,"end":9147.89},{"text":"de","start":9147.89,"end":9147.99},{"text":"evitar","start":9148,"end":9148.31},{"text":"tanto","start":9148.32,"end":9148.61},{"text":"la","start":9148.62,"end":9148.71},{"text":"aplicación","start":9148.72,"end":9149.18},{"text":"indebida","start":9149.18,"end":9149.61},{"text":"de","start":9149.61,"end":9149.65},{"text":"la","start":9149.65,"end":9149.75},{"text":"inmunidad","start":9149.75,"end":9150.26},{"text":"como","start":9150.73,"end":9150.94},{"text":"el","start":9150.94,"end":9151.01},{"text":"ejercicio","start":9151.04,"end":9151.53},{"text":"de","start":9151.54,"end":9151.62},{"text":"la","start":9151.62,"end":9151.73},{"text":"jurisdicción","start":9151.73,"end":9152.41},{"text":"sin","start":9152.41,"end":9152.63},{"text":"la","start":9152.63,"end":9152.74},{"text":"debida","start":9152.74,"end":9153.07},{"text":"consideración","start":9153.07,"end":9153.86},{"text":"de","start":9153.87,"end":9153.94},{"text":"las","start":9153.94,"end":9154.08},{"text":"normas","start":9154.09,"end":9154.64},{"text":"internacionales","start":9154.69,"end":9155.41},{"text":"aplicables","start":9155.41,"end":9155.99}]},{"text":"Por ello el enfoque constructivo y las observaciones formuladas por los estados serán fundamentales en el proceso de decisión sobre la eventual elaboración de una convención que alcance el consenso necesario para una adopción amplia.","start":9156.81,"end":9172.79,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Por","start":9156.81,"end":9157},{"text":"ello","start":9157,"end":9157.25},{"text":"el","start":9158.46,"end":9158.63},{"text":"enfoque","start":9158.63,"end":9158.95},{"text":"constructivo","start":9158.95,"end":9159.85},{"text":"y","start":9159.85,"end":9160},{"text":"las","start":9160,"end":9160.13},{"text":"observaciones","start":9160.13,"end":9160.77},{"text":"formuladas","start":9160.77,"end":9161.36},{"text":"por","start":9161.36,"end":9161.46},{"text":"los","start":9161.49,"end":9161.61},{"text":"estados","start":9161.63,"end":9162.13},{"text":"serán","start":9162.61,"end":9162.89},{"text":"fundamentales","start":9162.89,"end":9163.5},{"text":"en","start":9163.5,"end":9163.61},{"text":"el","start":9163.61,"end":9163.69},{"text":"proceso","start":9163.69,"end":9164.16},{"text":"de","start":9164.16,"end":9164.26},{"text":"decisión","start":9164.26,"end":9164.91},{"text":"sobre","start":9165.33,"end":9165.65},{"text":"la","start":9165.69,"end":9165.82},{"text":"eventual","start":9166.5,"end":9167.09},{"text":"elaboración","start":9167.09,"end":9167.62},{"text":"de","start":9167.62,"end":9167.69},{"text":"una","start":9167.69,"end":9167.85},{"text":"convención","start":9167.85,"end":9168.45},{"text":"que","start":9168.93,"end":9169.07},{"text":"alcance","start":9169.08,"end":9169.58},{"text":"el","start":9169.61,"end":9169.78},{"text":"consenso","start":9169.78,"end":9170.43},{"text":"necesario","start":9170.43,"end":9171.09},{"text":"para","start":9171.33,"end":9171.65},{"text":"una","start":9171.65,"end":9171.91},{"text":"adopción","start":9171.91,"end":9172.43},{"text":"amplia","start":9172.43,"end":9172.79}]},{"text":"Señora presidenta mi delegación también desea destacar la aprobación en segunda lectura del proyecto de conclusiones sobre los principios generales del derecho.","start":9174.97,"end":9183.29,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"Señora","start":9174.97,"end":9175.27},{"text":"presidenta","start":9175.27,"end":9175.85},{"text":"mi","start":9176.38,"end":9176.54},{"text":"delegación","start":9176.57,"end":9176.99},{"text":"también","start":9177.01,"end":9177.34},{"text":"desea","start":9177.34,"end":9177.65},{"text":"destacar","start":9177.68,"end":9178.05},{"text":"la","start":9178.05,"end":9178.11},{"text":"aprobación","start":9178.11,"end":9178.48},{"text":"en","start":9178.85,"end":9179.02},{"text":"segunda","start":9179.02,"end":9179.37},{"text":"lectura","start":9179.37,"end":9179.88},{"text":"del","start":9179.93,"end":9180.11},{"text":"proyecto","start":9180.11,"end":9180.49},{"text":"de","start":9180.49,"end":9180.58},{"text":"conclusiones","start":9180.58,"end":9181.53},{"text":"sobre","start":9181.57,"end":9181.84},{"text":"los","start":9181.85,"end":9181.97},{"text":"principios","start":9181.97,"end":9182.41},{"text":"generales","start":9182.41,"end":9182.77},{"text":"del","start":9182.77,"end":9182.91},{"text":"derecho","start":9182.91,"end":9183.29}]},{"text":"Consideramos que este trabajo contribuye a una mejor comprensión de una de las fuentes del derecho internacional contempladas en el artículo 38 del estatuto de la Corte Internacional de Justicia.","start":9184.62,"end":9195.6,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"Consideramos","start":9184.62,"end":9185.21},{"text":"que","start":9185.21,"end":9185.32},{"text":"este","start":9185.32,"end":9185.49},{"text":"trabajo","start":9185.49,"end":9186.01},{"text":"contribuye","start":9186.81,"end":9187.55},{"text":"a","start":9187.73,"end":9187.81},{"text":"una","start":9187.81,"end":9188},{"text":"mejor","start":9188.02,"end":9188.32},{"text":"comprensión","start":9188.32,"end":9189.1},{"text":"de","start":9189.11,"end":9189.26},{"text":"una","start":9189.26,"end":9189.42},{"text":"de","start":9189.44,"end":9189.5},{"text":"las","start":9189.5,"end":9189.66},{"text":"fuentes","start":9189.67,"end":9190.01},{"text":"del","start":9190.05,"end":9190.12},{"text":"derecho","start":9190.12,"end":9190.42},{"text":"internacional","start":9190.42,"end":9191.16},{"text":"contempladas","start":9191.81,"end":9192.33},{"text":"en","start":9192.34,"end":9192.47},{"text":"el","start":9192.47,"end":9192.49},{"text":"artículo","start":9192.49,"end":9192.87},{"text":"38","start":9193.32,"end":9193.47},{"text":"del","start":9193.48,"end":9193.59},{"text":"estatuto","start":9193.6,"end":9194.03},{"text":"de","start":9194.03,"end":9194.09},{"text":"la","start":9194.09,"end":9194.19},{"text":"Corte","start":9194.2,"end":9194.52},{"text":"Internacional","start":9194.52,"end":9195.02},{"text":"de","start":9195.02,"end":9195.09},{"text":"Justicia","start":9195.1,"end":9195.6}]},{"text":"Sobre lo particular consideramos relevantes los proyectos de conclusión 24 a 6 relativos al reconocimiento de los principios generales del derecho y a la identificación de aquellos derivados de los sistemas jurídicos nacionales.","start":9196.73,"end":9210.05,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"Sobre","start":9196.73,"end":9196.91},{"text":"lo","start":9196.93,"end":9196.98},{"text":"particular","start":9197,"end":9197.54},{"text":"consideramos","start":9198.29,"end":9198.8},{"text":"relevantes","start":9198.8,"end":9199.18},{"text":"los","start":9199.18,"end":9199.33},{"text":"proyectos","start":9199.33,"end":9199.77},{"text":"de","start":9199.77,"end":9199.85},{"text":"conclusión","start":9199.85,"end":9200.39},{"text":"24","start":9200.57,"end":9201.1},{"text":"a","start":9201.35,"end":9201.41},{"text":"6","start":9201.41,"end":9201.81},{"text":"relativos","start":9202.37,"end":9202.89},{"text":"al","start":9202.89,"end":9202.97},{"text":"reconocimiento","start":9202.97,"end":9203.96},{"text":"de","start":9203.98,"end":9204.13},{"text":"los","start":9204.13,"end":9204.25},{"text":"principios","start":9204.26,"end":9204.73},{"text":"generales","start":9204.74,"end":9205.13},{"text":"del","start":9205.13,"end":9205.27},{"text":"derecho","start":9205.27,"end":9205.89},{"text":"y","start":9205.9,"end":9206.09},{"text":"a","start":9206.09,"end":9206.15},{"text":"la","start":9206.15,"end":9206.26},{"text":"identificación","start":9206.26,"end":9207.06},{"text":"de","start":9207.06,"end":9207.15},{"text":"aquellos","start":9207.18,"end":9207.57},{"text":"derivados","start":9207.57,"end":9208.22},{"text":"de","start":9208.33,"end":9208.49},{"text":"los","start":9208.49,"end":9208.61},{"text":"sistemas","start":9208.61,"end":9209.01},{"text":"jurídicos","start":9209.01,"end":9209.43},{"text":"nacionales","start":9209.43,"end":9210.05}]},{"text":"La identificación de estos principios requiere una comparación suficientemente amplia y representativa de los sistemas jurídicos del mundo.","start":9211.76,"end":9219.13,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"La","start":9211.76,"end":9211.85},{"text":"identificación","start":9211.85,"end":9212.58},{"text":"de","start":9212.58,"end":9212.65},{"text":"estos","start":9212.65,"end":9212.85},{"text":"principios","start":9212.85,"end":9213.57},{"text":"requiere","start":9213.77,"end":9214.33},{"text":"una","start":9214.37,"end":9214.56},{"text":"comparación","start":9214.56,"end":9215.16},{"text":"suficientemente","start":9215.16,"end":9216.08},{"text":"amplia","start":9216.09,"end":9216.64},{"text":"y","start":9216.65,"end":9216.78},{"text":"representativa","start":9216.78,"end":9216.78},{"text":"de","start":9217.69,"end":9217.79},{"text":"los","start":9217.79,"end":9217.9},{"text":"sistemas","start":9217.9,"end":9217.95},{"text":"jurídicos","start":9217.95,"end":9218.67},{"text":"del","start":9218.69,"end":9218.8},{"text":"mundo","start":9218.8,"end":9219.13}]},{"text":"Que permita determinar la existencia de un principio común sin desconocer sus particularidades ni exigir una identidad absoluta entre las soluciones jurídicas nacionales.","start":9219.73,"end":9230,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"Que","start":9219.73,"end":9219.89},{"text":"permita","start":9219.89,"end":9220.32},{"text":"determinar","start":9220.33,"end":9220.73},{"text":"la","start":9220.73,"end":9220.81},{"text":"existencia","start":9220.82,"end":9221.4},{"text":"de","start":9221.41,"end":9221.42},{"text":"un","start":9221.42,"end":9221.52},{"text":"principio","start":9221.52,"end":9221.97},{"text":"común","start":9221.97,"end":9222.3},{"text":"sin","start":9222.44,"end":9222.74},{"text":"desconocer","start":9222.74,"end":9223.41},{"text":"sus","start":9223.61,"end":9223.83},{"text":"particularidades","start":9223.83,"end":9225.01},{"text":"ni","start":9225.01,"end":9225.2},{"text":"exigir","start":9225.2,"end":9225.78},{"text":"una","start":9226.33,"end":9226.61},{"text":"identidad","start":9226.61,"end":9227.12},{"text":"absoluta","start":9227.14,"end":9227.88},{"text":"entre","start":9227.88,"end":9228.14},{"text":"las","start":9228.15,"end":9228.3},{"text":"soluciones","start":9228.32,"end":9228.96},{"text":"jurídicas","start":9228.96,"end":9229.42},{"text":"nacionales","start":9229.42,"end":9230}]},{"text":"A este respecto estimamos importante que la identificación de un principio común y su transposición al sistema jurídico internacional se realicen conforme a la metodología establecida en el proyecto de conclusión conclusiones con una fundamentación jurídica suficiente.","start":9231.93,"end":9246.85,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"A","start":9231.93,"end":9232.02},{"text":"este","start":9232.02,"end":9232.18},{"text":"respecto","start":9232.18,"end":9232.71},{"text":"estimamos","start":9233.78,"end":9234.3},{"text":"importante","start":9234.3,"end":9234.86},{"text":"que","start":9234.86,"end":9234.93},{"text":"la","start":9234.93,"end":9235.01},{"text":"identificación","start":9235.01,"end":9235.58},{"text":"de","start":9235.58,"end":9235.65},{"text":"un","start":9235.65,"end":9235.72},{"text":"principio","start":9235.72,"end":9236.14},{"text":"común","start":9236.14,"end":9236.53},{"text":"y","start":9236.66,"end":9236.76},{"text":"su","start":9236.77,"end":9236.92},{"text":"transposición","start":9236.93,"end":9237.73},{"text":"al","start":9237.75,"end":9237.88},{"text":"sistema","start":9237.88,"end":9238.25},{"text":"jurídico","start":9238.25,"end":9238.62},{"text":"internacional","start":9238.62,"end":9239.3},{"text":"se","start":9239.81,"end":9239.99},{"text":"realicen","start":9239.99,"end":9240.4},{"text":"conforme","start":9240.4,"end":9240.97},{"text":"a","start":9241.09,"end":9241.15},{"text":"la","start":9241.15,"end":9241.27},{"text":"metodología","start":9241.27,"end":9241.98},{"text":"establecida","start":9242.04,"end":9242.54},{"text":"en","start":9242.54,"end":9242.61},{"text":"el","start":9242.61,"end":9242.69},{"text":"proyecto","start":9242.69,"end":9243.1},{"text":"de","start":9243.1,"end":9243.14},{"text":"conclusión","start":9243.14,"end":9243.47},{"text":"conclusiones","start":9243.47,"end":9243.84},{"text":"con","start":9244.43,"end":9244.63},{"text":"una","start":9244.63,"end":9244.8},{"text":"fundamentación","start":9244.8,"end":9245.57},{"text":"jurídica","start":9245.57,"end":9246.09},{"text":"suficiente","start":9246.09,"end":9246.85}]},{"text":"La claridad de estos criterios contribuye a distinguir los principios generales del derecho de otras fuentes del derecho internacional y a favorecer una aplicación coherente de esta categoría jurídica.","start":9247.87,"end":9259.66,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"La","start":9247.87,"end":9248.01},{"text":"claridad","start":9248.01,"end":9248.41},{"text":"de","start":9248.41,"end":9248.48},{"text":"estos","start":9248.48,"end":9248.7},{"text":"criterios","start":9248.7,"end":9249.29},{"text":"contribuye","start":9249.78,"end":9250.34},{"text":"a","start":9250.34,"end":9250.37},{"text":"distinguir","start":9250.37,"end":9251},{"text":"los","start":9251.16,"end":9251.34},{"text":"principios","start":9251.34,"end":9251.89},{"text":"generales","start":9251.89,"end":9252.27},{"text":"del","start":9252.27,"end":9252.42},{"text":"derecho","start":9252.42,"end":9252.84},{"text":"de","start":9252.85,"end":9252.95},{"text":"otras","start":9252.95,"end":9253.21},{"text":"fuentes","start":9253.21,"end":9253.58},{"text":"del","start":9253.59,"end":9253.7},{"text":"derecho","start":9253.7,"end":9253.97},{"text":"internacional","start":9253.97,"end":9254.62},{"text":"y","start":9255.31,"end":9255.43},{"text":"a","start":9255.43,"end":9255.49},{"text":"favorecer","start":9255.49,"end":9256.13},{"text":"una","start":9256.13,"end":9256.37},{"text":"aplicación","start":9256.38,"end":9256.95},{"text":"coherente","start":9257.17,"end":9257.88},{"text":"de","start":9258.25,"end":9258.37},{"text":"esta","start":9258.37,"end":9258.58},{"text":"categoría","start":9258.59,"end":9259.14},{"text":"jurídica","start":9259.14,"end":9259.66}]},{"text":"En ese sentido consideramos que los comentarios de la Comisión constituyen una referencia útil para orientar a los estados los tribunales y los demás actores que deban identificar o aplicar estos principios.","start":9260.77,"end":9272.21,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"En","start":9260.77,"end":9260.93},{"text":"ese","start":9260.93,"end":9261.05},{"text":"sentido","start":9261.05,"end":9261.52},{"text":"consideramos","start":9261.97,"end":9262.47},{"text":"que","start":9262.47,"end":9262.57},{"text":"los","start":9262.57,"end":9262.69},{"text":"comentarios","start":9262.69,"end":9263.21},{"text":"de","start":9263.21,"end":9263.3},{"text":"la","start":9263.3,"end":9263.38},{"text":"Comisión","start":9263.38,"end":9263.93},{"text":"constituyen","start":9264.01,"end":9264.57},{"text":"una","start":9264.57,"end":9264.73},{"text":"referencia","start":9264.74,"end":9265.25},{"text":"útil","start":9265.25,"end":9265.73},{"text":"para","start":9265.85,"end":9266.06},{"text":"orientar","start":9266.06,"end":9266.49},{"text":"a","start":9266.49,"end":9266.54},{"text":"los","start":9266.56,"end":9266.69},{"text":"estados","start":9266.7,"end":9267.22},{"text":"los","start":9267.33,"end":9267.5},{"text":"tribunales","start":9267.51,"end":9268.13},{"text":"y","start":9268.51,"end":9268.59},{"text":"los","start":9268.59,"end":9268.71},{"text":"demás","start":9268.71,"end":9268.93},{"text":"actores","start":9268.95,"end":9269.37},{"text":"que","start":9269.37,"end":9269.48},{"text":"deban","start":9269.49,"end":9269.85},{"text":"identificar","start":9269.86,"end":9270.68},{"text":"o","start":9270.81,"end":9270.93},{"text":"aplicar","start":9270.93,"end":9271.39},{"text":"estos","start":9271.41,"end":9271.66},{"text":"principios","start":9271.67,"end":9272.21}]},{"text":"Finalmente con relación a la elevación del nivel del mar en relación con el derecho internacional mi delegación reconoce la importancia del trabajo realizado por la Comisión y de su contribución a la comprensión de las consecuencias jurídicas de este fenómeno.","start":9274.17,"end":9288.42,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"Finalmente","start":9274.17,"end":9274.78},{"text":"con","start":9275.25,"end":9275.41},{"text":"relación","start":9275.41,"end":9275.78},{"text":"a","start":9275.78,"end":9275.83},{"text":"la","start":9275.86,"end":9275.86},{"text":"elevación","start":9276.29,"end":9276.85},{"text":"del","start":9276.85,"end":9277.01},{"text":"nivel","start":9277.01,"end":9277.22},{"text":"del","start":9277.25,"end":9277.39},{"text":"mar","start":9277.39,"end":9277.69},{"text":"en","start":9277.93,"end":9277.97},{"text":"relación","start":9277.97,"end":9278.29},{"text":"con","start":9278.31,"end":9278.34},{"text":"el","start":9278.39,"end":9278.42},{"text":"derecho","start":9278.43,"end":9278.69},{"text":"internacional","start":9278.7,"end":9279.3},{"text":"mi","start":9280.05,"end":9280.18},{"text":"delegación","start":9280.18,"end":9280.68},{"text":"reconoce","start":9280.68,"end":9281.14},{"text":"la","start":9281.14,"end":9281.21},{"text":"importancia","start":9281.22,"end":9281.8},{"text":"del","start":9281.81,"end":9281.92},{"text":"trabajo","start":9281.93,"end":9282.28},{"text":"realizado","start":9282.29,"end":9282.67},{"text":"por","start":9282.67,"end":9282.79},{"text":"la","start":9282.8,"end":9282.89},{"text":"Comisión","start":9282.89,"end":9283.39},{"text":"y","start":9284.81,"end":9284.93},{"text":"de","start":9284.93,"end":9285.03},{"text":"su","start":9285.04,"end":9285.16},{"text":"contribución","start":9285.16,"end":9285.7},{"text":"a","start":9285.7,"end":9285.75},{"text":"la","start":9285.75,"end":9285.86},{"text":"comprensión","start":9285.86,"end":9286.43},{"text":"de","start":9286.43,"end":9286.49},{"text":"las","start":9286.51,"end":9286.61},{"text":"consecuencias","start":9286.61,"end":9287.25},{"text":"jurídicas","start":9287.25,"end":9287.69},{"text":"de","start":9287.69,"end":9287.77},{"text":"este","start":9287.77,"end":9287.95},{"text":"fenómeno","start":9287.95,"end":9288.42}]},{"text":"En particular consideramos relevante el análisis de las cuestiones relativas al derecho del mar la condición de estado y la protección de las personas afectadas.","start":9289.61,"end":9297.96,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"En","start":9289.61,"end":9289.72},{"text":"particular","start":9289.72,"end":9290.25},{"text":"consideramos","start":9290.85,"end":9291.45},{"text":"relevante","start":9291.45,"end":9291.95},{"text":"el","start":9291.95,"end":9292.03},{"text":"análisis","start":9292.05,"end":9292.49},{"text":"de","start":9292.5,"end":9292.6},{"text":"las","start":9292.6,"end":9292.7},{"text":"cuestiones","start":9292.71,"end":9293.1},{"text":"relativas","start":9293.12,"end":9293.61},{"text":"al","start":9293.61,"end":9293.69},{"text":"derecho","start":9293.7,"end":9294.02},{"text":"del","start":9294.02,"end":9294.17},{"text":"mar","start":9294.17,"end":9294.52},{"text":"la","start":9294.57,"end":9294.71},{"text":"condición","start":9294.71,"end":9295.17},{"text":"de","start":9295.18,"end":9295.25},{"text":"estado","start":9295.25,"end":9295.48},{"text":"y","start":9295.94,"end":9296.1},{"text":"la","start":9296.1,"end":9296.23},{"text":"protección","start":9296.23,"end":9296.73},{"text":"de","start":9296.73,"end":9296.81},{"text":"las","start":9296.81,"end":9296.93},{"text":"personas","start":9296.93,"end":9297.36},{"text":"afectadas","start":9297.36,"end":9297.96}]},{"text":"Ámbitos en los que se plantean importantes interrogantes para el derecho internacional.","start":9298.88,"end":9302.96,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Ámbitos","start":9298.88,"end":9299.48},{"text":"en","start":9299.68,"end":9299.84},{"text":"los","start":9299.84,"end":9299.96},{"text":"que","start":9299.97,"end":9300.07},{"text":"se","start":9300.08,"end":9300.2},{"text":"plantean","start":9300.2,"end":9300.58},{"text":"importantes","start":9300.59,"end":9301.22},{"text":"interrogantes","start":9301.22,"end":9301.84},{"text":"para","start":9301.84,"end":9301.98},{"text":"el","start":9301.99,"end":9302.06},{"text":"derecho","start":9302.06,"end":9302.35},{"text":"internacional","start":9302.35,"end":9302.96}]},{"text":"En lo que respecta al derecho al mar consideramos que la estabilidad y la seguridad jurídica deben ocupar un lugar central.","start":9304.4,"end":9310.76,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"En","start":9304.4,"end":9304.5},{"text":"lo","start":9304.52,"end":9304.6},{"text":"que","start":9304.6,"end":9304.69},{"text":"respecta","start":9304.71,"end":9305.11},{"text":"al","start":9305.11,"end":9305.16},{"text":"derecho","start":9305.16,"end":9305.44},{"text":"al","start":9305.44,"end":9305.54},{"text":"mar","start":9305.54,"end":9305.78},{"text":"consideramos","start":9306,"end":9306.64},{"text":"que","start":9306.64,"end":9306.75},{"text":"la","start":9306.75,"end":9306.84},{"text":"estabilidad","start":9306.84,"end":9307.55},{"text":"y","start":9307.55,"end":9307.65},{"text":"la","start":9307.65,"end":9307.76},{"text":"seguridad","start":9307.76,"end":9308.23},{"text":"jurídica","start":9308.23,"end":9308.9},{"text":"deben","start":9309.33,"end":9309.65},{"text":"ocupar","start":9309.66,"end":9309.95},{"text":"un","start":9309.95,"end":9310.04},{"text":"lugar","start":9310.04,"end":9310.29},{"text":"central","start":9310.29,"end":9310.76}]},{"text":"En particular resulta importante preservar las zonas marítimas y los derechos marítimos válidamente establecidos conforme al derecho internacional.","start":9311.48,"end":9319.24,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. 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think the distinguished representative of Paraguay for his statement and I give the floor to the distinguished representative of 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have the floor, sir.","start":9402.24,"end":9403.17,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"You","start":9402.24,"end":9402.36},{"text":"have","start":9402.36,"end":9402.52},{"text":"the","start":9402.52,"end":9402.64},{"text":"floor","start":9402.64,"end":9402.88},{"text":"sir","start":9402.89,"end":9403.17}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"6th Committee","group":null,"function":"Chair","affiliation_full":"6th Committee"}},{"statement_number":41,"start":9403.32,"pageUrl":"/zh/ga/c6/81/30?lang=floor&t=2:36:44","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Thank you, Madam Chair.","start":9403.32,"end":9404.29,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":9403.32,"end":9403.56},{"text":"you","start":9403.56,"end":9403.64},{"text":"Madam","start":9403.65,"end":9403.93},{"text":"Chair","start":9403.95,"end":9404.29}]},{"text":"For the interest of time, I will deliver the shorter version of the statement.","start":9404.96,"end":9409.65,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"For","start":9404.96,"end":9405.2},{"text":"the","start":9405.23,"end":9405.32},{"text":"interest","start":9405.32,"end":9405.79},{"text":"of","start":9405.8,"end":9405.89},{"text":"time","start":9405.92,"end":9406.36},{"text":"I","start":9406.39,"end":9406.53},{"text":"will","start":9406.53,"end":9406.8},{"text":"deliver","start":9406.83,"end":9407.52},{"text":"the","start":9407.79,"end":9407.99},{"text":"shorter","start":9408,"end":9408.33},{"text":"version","start":9408.33,"end":9408.87},{"text":"of","start":9408.89,"end":9409.04},{"text":"the","start":9409.08,"end":9409.16},{"text":"statement","start":9409.17,"end":9409.65}]},{"text":"Madam Chair, distinguished delegate, my delegation would like to express our sincere appreciation to the members of the International Law Commission for their dedicated efforts, professional expertise, and strong sense of 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this regard, Vietnam wishes to emphasize the importance of providing the commission with sufficient time and adequate working conditions to enable the commission to fulfil its mandate.","start":9425.91,"end":9437.92,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":9425.91,"end":9426.01},{"text":"this","start":9426.01,"end":9426.24},{"text":"regard","start":9426.27,"end":9426.72},{"text":"Vietnam","start":9426.88,"end":9427.29},{"text":"wishes","start":9427.32,"end":9427.75},{"text":"to","start":9427.75,"end":9427.94},{"text":"emphasize","start":9427.96,"end":9428.71},{"text":"the","start":9428.84,"end":9428.98},{"text":"importance","start":9429,"end":9429.68},{"text":"of","start":9429.78,"end":9429.84},{"text":"providing","start":9429.84,"end":9430.48},{"text":"the","start":9430.48,"end":9430.61},{"text":"commission","start":9430.61,"end":9431.2},{"text":"with","start":9431.4,"end":9431.56},{"text":"sufficient","start":9431.57,"end":9432.18},{"text":"time","start":9432.18,"end":9432.56},{"text":"and","start":9432.6,"end":9432.82},{"text":"adequate","start":9432.9,"end":9433.32},{"text":"working","start":9433.44,"end":9433.9},{"text":"conditions","start":9433.9,"end":9434.56},{"text":"to","start":9435.08,"end":9435.2},{"text":"enable","start":9435.2,"end":9435.74},{"text":"the","start":9435.76,"end":9435.89},{"text":"commission","start":9435.89,"end":9436.5},{"text":"to","start":9436.56,"end":9436.76},{"text":"fulfil","start":9436.76,"end":9437.29},{"text":"its","start":9437.33,"end":9437.54},{"text":"mandate","start":9437.56,"end":9437.92}]},{"text":"as to the topic, see Lemon rice in relation to international law, Vietnam wishes to express its sincere appreciation to the co chairs of the study group and to the commission for the completion of the final report.","start":9440.71,"end":9455.36,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"as","start":9440.71,"end":9440.98},{"text":"to","start":9441,"end":9441.16},{"text":"the","start":9441.18,"end":9441.29},{"text":"topic","start":9441.32,"end":9441.88},{"text":"see","start":9441.98,"end":9442.29},{"text":"Lemon","start":9442.29,"end":9442.53},{"text":"rice","start":9442.53,"end":9443.12},{"text":"in","start":9443.26,"end":9443.49},{"text":"relation","start":9443.49,"end":9444.09},{"text":"to","start":9444.1,"end":9444.26},{"text":"international","start":9444.26,"end":9444.92},{"text":"law","start":9444.92,"end":9445.23},{"text":"Vietnam","start":9445.56,"end":9445.99},{"text":"wishes","start":9446,"end":9446.45},{"text":"to","start":9446.48,"end":9446.64},{"text":"express","start":9446.67,"end":9447.23},{"text":"its","start":9447.27,"end":9447.44},{"text":"sincere","start":9447.48,"end":9448.11},{"text":"appreciation","start":9448.12,"end":9449.05},{"text":"to","start":9449.08,"end":9449.23},{"text":"the","start":9449.24,"end":9449.33},{"text":"co","start":9449.33,"end":9449.57},{"text":"chairs","start":9449.58,"end":9450},{"text":"of","start":9450.07,"end":9450.16},{"text":"the","start":9450.18,"end":9450.3},{"text":"study","start":9450.3,"end":9450.72},{"text":"group","start":9450.74,"end":9451.07},{"text":"and","start":9451.78,"end":9451.93},{"text":"to","start":9451.94,"end":9452.08},{"text":"the","start":9452.08,"end":9452.2},{"text":"commission","start":9452.2,"end":9452.81},{"text":"for","start":9452.89,"end":9453.2},{"text":"the","start":9453.2,"end":9453.33},{"text":"completion","start":9453.33,"end":9454.08},{"text":"of","start":9454.12,"end":9454.28},{"text":"the","start":9454.32,"end":9454.39},{"text":"final","start":9454.4,"end":9454.79},{"text":"report","start":9454.8,"end":9455.36}]},{"text":"Vietnam 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Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"Vietnam","start":9523.27,"end":9523.66},{"text":"supports","start":9523.66,"end":9524.25},{"text":"further","start":9524.32,"end":9524.7},{"text":"study","start":9524.71,"end":9525.27},{"text":"of","start":9525.31,"end":9525.4},{"text":"appropriate","start":9525.51,"end":9526.5},{"text":"protective","start":9526.59,"end":9527.18},{"text":"measures","start":9527.19,"end":9527.79},{"text":"on","start":9527.95,"end":9528.08},{"text":"the","start":9528.08,"end":9528.16},{"text":"basis","start":9528.16,"end":9528.66},{"text":"of","start":9528.68,"end":9528.79},{"text":"existing","start":9528.85,"end":9529.45},{"text":"international","start":9529.45,"end":9530.11},{"text":"law","start":9530.11,"end":9530.39},{"text":"including","start":9530.97,"end":9531.67},{"text":"applicable","start":9531.71,"end":9532.43},{"text":"human","start":9532.63,"end":9532.91},{"text":"rights","start":9532.91,"end":9533.23},{"text":"law","start":9533.27,"end":9533.49}]},{"text":"Madam chair turning to the topic immunity of state officers from foreign criminal jurisdiction Vietnam thanks all special reporters for their outstanding contribution to the draft articles and take notes of the commission recommendation that a convention, a convention be elaborated in this regard, Vietnam wishes to highlight two points.","start":9534.55,"end":9558.9,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":9534.55,"end":9534.84},{"text":"chair","start":9534.87,"end":9535.14},{"text":"turning","start":9536.04,"end":9536.5},{"text":"to","start":9536.51,"end":9536.65},{"text":"the","start":9536.65,"end":9536.76},{"text":"topic","start":9536.76,"end":9537.23},{"text":"immunity","start":9537.36,"end":9538.01},{"text":"of","start":9538.03,"end":9538.15},{"text":"state","start":9538.15,"end":9538.43},{"text":"officers","start":9538.43,"end":9539.04},{"text":"from","start":9539.14,"end":9539.43},{"text":"foreign","start":9539.44,"end":9539.85},{"text":"criminal","start":9539.85,"end":9540.34},{"text":"jurisdiction","start":9540.35,"end":9541.15},{"text":"Vietnam","start":9541.44,"end":9541.83},{"text":"thanks","start":9541.91,"end":9542.39},{"text":"all","start":9542.51,"end":9542.87},{"text":"special","start":9542.87,"end":9543.47},{"text":"reporters","start":9543.49,"end":9544.24},{"text":"for","start":9544.72,"end":9545},{"text":"their","start":9545,"end":9545.17},{"text":"outstanding","start":9545.19,"end":9545.86},{"text":"contribution","start":9545.86,"end":9546.59},{"text":"to","start":9546.59,"end":9546.75},{"text":"the","start":9546.78,"end":9546.87},{"text":"draft","start":9546.89,"end":9547.24},{"text":"articles","start":9547.25,"end":9547.83},{"text":"and","start":9548.09,"end":9548.19},{"text":"take","start":9548.2,"end":9548.43},{"text":"notes","start":9548.45,"end":9548.83},{"text":"of","start":9548.88,"end":9548.99},{"text":"the","start":9549.03,"end":9549.13},{"text":"commission","start":9549.13,"end":9549.83},{"text":"recommendation","start":9549.91,"end":9550.83},{"text":"that","start":9550.95,"end":9551.28},{"text":"a","start":9551.36,"end":9551.43},{"text":"convention","start":9551.43,"end":9552.17},{"text":"a","start":9552.5,"end":9552.58},{"text":"convention","start":9552.59,"end":9553.22},{"text":"be","start":9553.23,"end":9553.48},{"text":"elaborated","start":9553.51,"end":9554.27},{"text":"in","start":9555.3,"end":9555.45},{"text":"this","start":9555.45,"end":9555.68},{"text":"regard","start":9555.8,"end":9556.32},{"text":"Vietnam","start":9556.47,"end":9556.91},{"text":"wishes","start":9556.91,"end":9557.32},{"text":"to","start":9557.38,"end":9557.55},{"text":"highlight","start":9557.55,"end":9558.11},{"text":"two","start":9558.23,"end":9558.43},{"text":"points","start":9558.43,"end":9558.9}]},{"text":"First, with respect to the draft article six, Vietnam is committed to the fight against impunity for the most serious crimes under international law and recalls that immunity is procedural in nature and distinct from the individual criminal responsibility.","start":9559.91,"end":9578.61,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"First","start":9559.91,"end":9560.33},{"text":"with","start":9560.75,"end":9560.95},{"text":"respect","start":9560.98,"end":9561.47},{"text":"to","start":9561.51,"end":9561.67},{"text":"the","start":9561.7,"end":9561.83},{"text":"draft","start":9561.83,"end":9562.22},{"text":"article","start":9562.22,"end":9562.59},{"text":"six","start":9562.6,"end":9563.11},{"text":"Vietnam","start":9563.31,"end":9563.76},{"text":"is","start":9563.8,"end":9563.95},{"text":"committed","start":9563.96,"end":9564.51},{"text":"to","start":9564.58,"end":9564.76},{"text":"the","start":9564.79,"end":9564.91},{"text":"fight","start":9564.91,"end":9565.36},{"text":"against","start":9565.39,"end":9565.94},{"text":"impunity","start":9565.99,"end":9566.69},{"text":"for","start":9567.29,"end":9567.47},{"text":"the","start":9567.47,"end":9567.56},{"text":"most","start":9567.56,"end":9567.94},{"text":"serious","start":9567.95,"end":9567.95},{"text":"crimes","start":9568.55,"end":9569.11},{"text":"under","start":9569.23,"end":9569.6},{"text":"international","start":9569.63,"end":9570.27},{"text":"law","start":9570.27,"end":9570.51},{"text":"and","start":9570.81,"end":9570.95},{"text":"recalls","start":9570.95,"end":9571.47},{"text":"that","start":9571.63,"end":9571.91},{"text":"immunity","start":9571.95,"end":9572.63},{"text":"is","start":9573.15,"end":9573.39},{"text":"procedural","start":9573.43,"end":9574.19},{"text":"in","start":9574.19,"end":9574.51},{"text":"nature","start":9574.55,"end":9575},{"text":"and","start":9575.19,"end":9575.31},{"text":"distinct","start":9575.32,"end":9575.79},{"text":"from","start":9575.8,"end":9576.11},{"text":"the","start":9576.11,"end":9576.2},{"text":"individual","start":9576.23,"end":9576.79},{"text":"criminal","start":9576.91,"end":9577.49},{"text":"responsibility","start":9577.59,"end":9578.61}]},{"text":"At the same time, Vietnam is of the view that recognition of exception to immunity, as provided in draft article six, goes for careful consideration where state practice is not yet sufficiently clear and consistent.","start":9579.49,"end":9595.69,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"At","start":9579.49,"end":9579.57},{"text":"the","start":9579.57,"end":9579.68},{"text":"same","start":9579.68,"end":9579.96},{"text":"time","start":9579.96,"end":9580.31},{"text":"Vietnam","start":9580.31,"end":9580.8},{"text":"is","start":9580.8,"end":9580.97},{"text":"of","start":9581.03,"end":9581.18},{"text":"the","start":9581.22,"end":9581.27},{"text":"view","start":9581.28,"end":9581.59},{"text":"that","start":9581.59,"end":9581.88},{"text":"recognition","start":9582.1,"end":9582.95},{"text":"of","start":9582.96,"end":9583.11},{"text":"exception","start":9583.14,"end":9583.83},{"text":"to","start":9583.99,"end":9584.14},{"text":"immunity","start":9584.14,"end":9584.83},{"text":"as","start":9585.23,"end":9585.51},{"text":"provided","start":9585.59,"end":9586.25},{"text":"in","start":9586.31,"end":9586.63},{"text":"draft","start":9586.7,"end":9587.04},{"text":"article","start":9587.06,"end":9587.43},{"text":"six","start":9587.43,"end":9587.83},{"text":"goes","start":9588.55,"end":9588.95},{"text":"for","start":9588.97,"end":9589.25},{"text":"careful","start":9589.25,"end":9589.83},{"text":"consideration","start":9589.83,"end":9590.67},{"text":"where","start":9591.4,"end":9591.59},{"text":"state","start":9591.59,"end":9591.91},{"text":"practice","start":9591.92,"end":9592.45},{"text":"is","start":9592.68,"end":9592.87},{"text":"not","start":9592.88,"end":9593.19},{"text":"yet","start":9593.19,"end":9593.52},{"text":"sufficiently","start":9593.52,"end":9594.41},{"text":"clear","start":9594.43,"end":9594.87},{"text":"and","start":9594.87,"end":9595.08},{"text":"consistent","start":9595.08,"end":9595.69}]},{"text":"Second, with respect to immunity, ration, person I, Vietnam notes that draft article three confirms the prevailing state practice practice of affording such immunity to heads of state, head of government, and minister for foreign affairs.","start":9597.15,"end":9613.87,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Second","start":9597.15,"end":9597.57},{"text":"with","start":9598.24,"end":9598.41},{"text":"respect","start":9598.43,"end":9598.95},{"text":"to","start":9599.03,"end":9599.18},{"text":"immunity","start":9599.18,"end":9599.99},{"text":"ration","start":9600.19,"end":9600.83},{"text":"person","start":9600.83,"end":9601.24},{"text":"I","start":9601.24,"end":9601.5},{"text":"Vietnam","start":9602.15,"end":9602.58},{"text":"notes","start":9602.61,"end":9602.95},{"text":"that","start":9603.07,"end":9603.29},{"text":"draft","start":9603.37,"end":9603.71},{"text":"article","start":9603.74,"end":9604.1},{"text":"three","start":9604.11,"end":9604.55},{"text":"confirms","start":9604.57,"end":9605.22},{"text":"the","start":9605.32,"end":9605.4},{"text":"prevailing","start":9605.43,"end":9606.06},{"text":"state","start":9606.07,"end":9606.35},{"text":"practice","start":9606.35,"end":9606.91},{"text":"practice","start":9606.92,"end":9606.92},{"text":"of","start":9607.26,"end":9607.55},{"text":"affording","start":9607.55,"end":9608.07},{"text":"such","start":9608.08,"end":9608.43},{"text":"immunity","start":9608.47,"end":9609.14},{"text":"to","start":9609.72,"end":9609.9},{"text":"heads","start":9609.91,"end":9610.21},{"text":"of","start":9610.25,"end":9610.39},{"text":"state","start":9610.39,"end":9610.75},{"text":"head","start":9611.03,"end":9611.28},{"text":"of","start":9611.28,"end":9611.35},{"text":"government","start":9611.39,"end":9612.01},{"text":"and","start":9612.11,"end":9612.23},{"text":"minister","start":9612.23,"end":9612.82},{"text":"for","start":9612.82,"end":9613.04},{"text":"foreign","start":9613.05,"end":9613.39},{"text":"affairs","start":9613.39,"end":9613.87}]},{"text":"However, diversity of state practice regarding representatives officer should be taken into account.","start":9614.57,"end":9621.11,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"However","start":9614.57,"end":9615.2},{"text":"diversity","start":9615.43,"end":9616.1},{"text":"of","start":9616.1,"end":9616.21},{"text":"state","start":9616.23,"end":9616.47},{"text":"practice","start":9616.49,"end":9617.05},{"text":"regarding","start":9617.19,"end":9617.91},{"text":"representatives","start":9618,"end":9618.93},{"text":"officer","start":9618.97,"end":9619.52},{"text":"should","start":9619.7,"end":9619.95},{"text":"be","start":9619.98,"end":9620.09},{"text":"taken","start":9620.1,"end":9620.46},{"text":"into","start":9620.55,"end":9620.76},{"text":"account","start":9620.76,"end":9621.11}]},{"text":"Madam chair now I turn to the topic general principle of law.","start":9622.23,"end":9626.44,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Madam","start":9622.23,"end":9622.55},{"text":"chair","start":9622.55,"end":9623.01},{"text":"now","start":9623.51,"end":9623.71},{"text":"I","start":9623.71,"end":9623.81},{"text":"turn","start":9623.81,"end":9624.14},{"text":"to","start":9624.15,"end":9624.25},{"text":"the","start":9624.25,"end":9624.36},{"text":"topic","start":9624.37,"end":9624.82},{"text":"general","start":9624.95,"end":9625.33},{"text":"principle","start":9625.43,"end":9625.95},{"text":"of","start":9625.95,"end":9626.07},{"text":"law","start":9626.1,"end":9626.44}]},{"text":"Vietnam warmly welcomes the commission adoption of the 12 draft conclusions on the general principle of law together with the commentaries, the general principle of law within the meaning of article 38, paragraph one c of the statue of the international International Court of Justice plays a supplementary role in the system of sources of international law.","start":9627.27,"end":9654.43,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"Vietnam","start":9627.27,"end":9627.63},{"text":"warmly","start":9627.63,"end":9628.15},{"text":"welcomes","start":9628.17,"end":9628.87},{"text":"the","start":9628.87,"end":9629.04},{"text":"commission","start":9629.04,"end":9629.59},{"text":"adoption","start":9629.61,"end":9630.23},{"text":"of","start":9630.41,"end":9630.55},{"text":"the","start":9630.55,"end":9630.67},{"text":"12","start":9630.67,"end":9631.09},{"text":"draft","start":9631.09,"end":9631.47},{"text":"conclusions","start":9631.47,"end":9632.38},{"text":"on","start":9633.03,"end":9633.19},{"text":"the","start":9633.19,"end":9633.32},{"text":"general","start":9633.34,"end":9633.79},{"text":"principle","start":9633.8,"end":9634.35},{"text":"of","start":9634.35,"end":9634.43},{"text":"law","start":9634.5,"end":9634.76},{"text":"together","start":9635.03,"end":9635.67},{"text":"with","start":9635.68,"end":9635.91},{"text":"the","start":9635.99,"end":9636.07},{"text":"commentaries","start":9636.07,"end":9636.89},{"text":"the","start":9638.03,"end":9638.24},{"text":"general","start":9638.25,"end":9638.64},{"text":"principle","start":9638.72,"end":9639.21},{"text":"of","start":9639.21,"end":9639.27},{"text":"law","start":9639.42,"end":9639.73},{"text":"within","start":9640.28,"end":9640.62},{"text":"the","start":9640.63,"end":9640.71},{"text":"meaning","start":9640.71,"end":9641.14},{"text":"of","start":9641.15,"end":9641.29},{"text":"article","start":9641.29,"end":9641.72},{"text":"38","start":9642.07,"end":9642.41},{"text":"paragraph","start":9642.91,"end":9643.47},{"text":"one","start":9643.47,"end":9643.75},{"text":"c","start":9643.76,"end":9644.25},{"text":"of","start":9644.48,"end":9644.58},{"text":"the","start":9644.58,"end":9644.79},{"text":"statue","start":9644.8,"end":9645.38},{"text":"of","start":9645.38,"end":9645.51},{"text":"the","start":9645.51,"end":9645.62},{"text":"international","start":9645.63,"end":9646.31},{"text":"International","start":9646.51,"end":9647.12},{"text":"Court","start":9647.12,"end":9647.41},{"text":"of","start":9647.41,"end":9647.47},{"text":"Justice","start":9647.5,"end":9648.04},{"text":"plays","start":9648.66,"end":9649.06},{"text":"a","start":9649.46,"end":9649.46},{"text":"supplementary","start":9649.46,"end":9650.47},{"text":"role","start":9650.47,"end":9650.9},{"text":"in","start":9651.26,"end":9651.45},{"text":"the","start":9651.45,"end":9651.56},{"text":"system","start":9651.56,"end":9652.09},{"text":"of","start":9652.09,"end":9652.77},{"text":"sources","start":9652.77,"end":9653.3},{"text":"of","start":9653.3,"end":9653.5},{"text":"international","start":9653.5,"end":9654.15},{"text":"law","start":9654.18,"end":9654.43}]},{"text":"Recourse to general principle of law should be considered only where there is no applicable conventional or customary rule in place, they should not alter the international obligations that have already been established.","start":9655.26,"end":9671.06,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"Recourse","start":9655.26,"end":9655.84},{"text":"to","start":9655.9,"end":9656.1},{"text":"general","start":9656.1,"end":9656.54},{"text":"principle","start":9656.58,"end":9657.06},{"text":"of","start":9657.06,"end":9657.16},{"text":"law","start":9657.23,"end":9657.53},{"text":"should","start":9657.74,"end":9657.98},{"text":"be","start":9657.99,"end":9658.11},{"text":"considered","start":9658.11,"end":9658.82},{"text":"only","start":9659.1,"end":9659.45},{"text":"where","start":9660.27,"end":9660.46},{"text":"there","start":9660.46,"end":9660.58},{"text":"is","start":9660.58,"end":9660.81},{"text":"no","start":9660.82,"end":9661.06},{"text":"applicable","start":9661.06,"end":9661.68},{"text":"conventional","start":9661.7,"end":9662.42},{"text":"or","start":9662.46,"end":9662.95},{"text":"customary","start":9662.95,"end":9663.79},{"text":"rule","start":9663.98,"end":9664.3},{"text":"in","start":9664.32,"end":9664.47},{"text":"place","start":9664.48,"end":9664.91},{"text":"they","start":9665.66,"end":9665.82},{"text":"should","start":9665.82,"end":9666.05},{"text":"not","start":9666.06,"end":9666.26},{"text":"alter","start":9666.3,"end":9666.88},{"text":"the","start":9666.9,"end":9667.15},{"text":"international","start":9667.22,"end":9667.82},{"text":"obligations","start":9667.85,"end":9668.74},{"text":"that","start":9668.74,"end":9668.89},{"text":"have","start":9668.93,"end":9669.09},{"text":"already","start":9669.14,"end":9669.66},{"text":"been","start":9669.7,"end":9669.97},{"text":"established","start":9670.26,"end":9671.06}]},{"text":"We encounter encourage reading the draft conclusion ten and 11 in this light.","start":9671.93,"end":9676.48,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":9671.93,"end":9672.15},{"text":"encounter","start":9672.33,"end":9672.45},{"text":"encourage","start":9672.45,"end":9672.86},{"text":"reading","start":9673.17,"end":9673.58},{"text":"the","start":9673.62,"end":9673.75},{"text":"draft","start":9673.76,"end":9674.1},{"text":"conclusion","start":9674.1,"end":9674.67},{"text":"ten","start":9674.68,"end":9675.06},{"text":"and","start":9675.06,"end":9675.2},{"text":"11","start":9675.22,"end":9675.74},{"text":"in","start":9675.74,"end":9675.82},{"text":"this","start":9675.82,"end":9676.13},{"text":"light","start":9676.14,"end":9676.48}]},{"text":"With respect to the transposition principle from national legal system to the international legal system as a threat in draft conclusion six, Vietnam calls for causes approach, given the diversity of national legal system.","start":9677.49,"end":9694.38,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"With","start":9677.49,"end":9677.7},{"text":"respect","start":9677.7,"end":9678.3},{"text":"to","start":9678.37,"end":9678.68},{"text":"the","start":9678.7,"end":9679.04},{"text":"transposition","start":9679.14,"end":9680.18},{"text":"principle","start":9680.4,"end":9681.46},{"text":"from","start":9681.46,"end":9681.78},{"text":"national","start":9681.79,"end":9681.79},{"text":"legal","start":9681.79,"end":9682.48},{"text":"system","start":9682.5,"end":9682.99},{"text":"to","start":9683,"end":9683.19},{"text":"the","start":9683.22,"end":9683.34},{"text":"international","start":9683.34,"end":9684.02},{"text":"legal","start":9684.02,"end":9684.29},{"text":"system","start":9684.3,"end":9684.78},{"text":"as","start":9685.14,"end":9685.4},{"text":"a","start":9685.52,"end":9685.59},{"text":"threat","start":9685.59,"end":9686.02},{"text":"in","start":9686.09,"end":9686.28},{"text":"draft","start":9686.28,"end":9686.7},{"text":"conclusion","start":9686.73,"end":9687.34},{"text":"six","start":9687.34,"end":9687.8},{"text":"Vietnam","start":9688.46,"end":9688.82},{"text":"calls","start":9688.82,"end":9689.27},{"text":"for","start":9689.34,"end":9689.56},{"text":"causes","start":9689.58,"end":9690.17},{"text":"approach","start":9690.25,"end":9690.87},{"text":"given","start":9691.22,"end":9691.61},{"text":"the","start":9691.61,"end":9691.77},{"text":"diversity","start":9691.77,"end":9692.58},{"text":"of","start":9693.05,"end":9693.22},{"text":"national","start":9693.26,"end":9693.73},{"text":"legal","start":9693.73,"end":9693.92},{"text":"system","start":9693.94,"end":9694.38}]},{"text":"We also note that the draft conclusion three recognized the possibility of general principle of law may be formed within the international legal system.","start":9695.34,"end":9705.58,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":9695.34,"end":9695.49},{"text":"also","start":9695.5,"end":9695.85},{"text":"note","start":9695.86,"end":9696.14},{"text":"that","start":9696.18,"end":9696.59},{"text":"the","start":9696.62,"end":9696.72},{"text":"draft","start":9696.72,"end":9697.13},{"text":"conclusion","start":9697.13,"end":9697.73},{"text":"three","start":9697.74,"end":9698.2},{"text":"recognized","start":9698.5,"end":9699.17},{"text":"the","start":9699.22,"end":9699.34},{"text":"possibility","start":9699.34,"end":9700.29},{"text":"of","start":9700.36,"end":9700.5},{"text":"general","start":9700.58,"end":9700.98},{"text":"principle","start":9700.99,"end":9701.55},{"text":"of","start":9701.55,"end":9701.62},{"text":"law","start":9701.66,"end":9702.06},{"text":"may","start":9702.62,"end":9702.78},{"text":"be","start":9702.82,"end":9702.93},{"text":"formed","start":9702.94,"end":9703.46},{"text":"within","start":9703.62,"end":9704.06},{"text":"the","start":9704.06,"end":9704.22},{"text":"international","start":9704.22,"end":9704.9},{"text":"legal","start":9704.9,"end":9705.15},{"text":"system","start":9705.16,"end":9705.58}]},{"text":"In this context, Vietnam's draw attention to the practice of ASEAN in a number of documents referring to the universally recognized principle of international law.","start":9706.06,"end":9717.78,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. 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Madam Chair.","start":9736.95,"end":9737.9,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Thank","start":9736.95,"end":9737.18},{"text":"you","start":9737.19,"end":9737.25},{"text":"Madam","start":9737.25,"end":9737.54},{"text":"Chair","start":9737.55,"end":9737.9}]},{"text":"Greece would like first to commend Ambassador Andreas Mavrogiannis for the presentation of the ILC's report and to thank the International Law Commission for its work.","start":9738.74,"end":9749.73,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Greece","start":9738.74,"end":9739.21},{"text":"would","start":9739.22,"end":9739.42},{"text":"like","start":9739.43,"end":9739.82},{"text":"first","start":9739.85,"end":9740.3},{"text":"to","start":9740.3,"end":9740.43},{"text":"commend","start":9740.44,"end":9741.11},{"text":"Ambassador","start":9741.45,"end":9742.01},{"text":"Andreas","start":9742.02,"end":9742.41},{"text":"Mavrogiannis","start":9742.41,"end":9743.4},{"text":"for","start":9743.74,"end":9743.88},{"text":"the","start":9743.88,"end":9743.95},{"text":"presentation","start":9743.95,"end":9744.71},{"text":"of","start":9744.71,"end":9744.81},{"text":"the","start":9744.82,"end":9744.94},{"text":"ILC's","start":9744.97,"end":9745.61},{"text":"report","start":9745.61,"end":9746.21},{"text":"and","start":9746.29,"end":9746.42},{"text":"to","start":9746.43,"end":9746.54},{"text":"thank","start":9746.54,"end":9746.93},{"text":"the","start":9746.95,"end":9747.09},{"text":"International","start":9747.1,"end":9747.74},{"text":"Law","start":9747.74,"end":9747.85},{"text":"Commission","start":9747.85,"end":9748.47},{"text":"for","start":9748.82,"end":9749.07},{"text":"its","start":9749.07,"end":9749.33},{"text":"work","start":9749.34,"end":9749.73}]},{"text":"In the, interest of time, I will present an abridged version of our statements on cluster one.","start":9750.15,"end":9754.76,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":9750.15,"end":9750.26},{"text":"the","start":9750.27,"end":9750.42},{"text":"interest","start":9750.42,"end":9750.81},{"text":"of","start":9750.81,"end":9750.91},{"text":"time","start":9750.92,"end":9751.31},{"text":"I","start":9751.31,"end":9751.38},{"text":"will","start":9751.38,"end":9751.53},{"text":"present","start":9751.54,"end":9752},{"text":"an","start":9752.02,"end":9752.1},{"text":"abridged","start":9752.1,"end":9752.59},{"text":"version","start":9752.63,"end":9753.12},{"text":"of","start":9753.12,"end":9753.24},{"text":"our","start":9753.24,"end":9753.38},{"text":"statements","start":9753.38,"end":9753.94},{"text":"on","start":9753.94,"end":9754.02},{"text":"cluster","start":9754.04,"end":9754.44},{"text":"one","start":9754.45,"end":9754.76}]},{"text":"I will start with sea level rise.","start":9755.56,"end":9757.37,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":9755.56,"end":9755.65},{"text":"will","start":9755.65,"end":9755.75},{"text":"start","start":9755.75,"end":9756.13},{"text":"with","start":9756.14,"end":9756.3},{"text":"sea","start":9756.3,"end":9756.58},{"text":"level","start":9756.62,"end":9756.87},{"text":"rise","start":9756.9,"end":9757.37}]},{"text":"Madam chair, Greece welcomes the progress achieved on this important issue, in particular the recent adoption by the General Assembly of the declaration on sea level rise represents an important milestone in the international community's collect collective response to one of the most pressing challenges of our time.","start":9757.86,"end":9776.45,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and 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declaration followed the completion of the work of the ILC on the topic in 2025.","start":9777.09,"end":9782.18,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":9777.09,"end":9777.24},{"text":"declaration","start":9777.25,"end":9777.98},{"text":"followed","start":9777.98,"end":9778.41},{"text":"the","start":9778.43,"end":9778.53},{"text":"completion","start":9778.54,"end":9779.08},{"text":"of","start":9779.08,"end":9779.19},{"text":"the","start":9779.19,"end":9779.29},{"text":"work","start":9779.3,"end":9779.63},{"text":"of","start":9779.63,"end":9779.73},{"text":"the","start":9779.74,"end":9779.83},{"text":"ILC","start":9779.86,"end":9780.41},{"text":"on","start":9780.41,"end":9780.51},{"text":"the","start":9780.51,"end":9780.58},{"text":"topic","start":9780.58,"end":9781.03},{"text":"in","start":9781.03,"end":9781.13},{"text":"2025","start":9781.14,"end":9782.18}]},{"text":"In this connection, we commend the work of the co chairs and thank them for their final report, as well as the study 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work of the ILC and the relevant discussions on the matter have highlighted the importance of legal stability, certainty and predictability in relation to to sea level rise, which are inherent to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea and guide its application, require the preservation of baselines and of the outer limits of maritime zones, as well as of maritime entitlements deriving therefrom.","start":9791.27,"end":9816.5,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. 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Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":9880.27,"end":9880.4},{"text":"International","start":9880.4,"end":9880.87},{"text":"cooperation","start":9880.87,"end":9881.55},{"text":"of","start":9881.56,"end":9881.7},{"text":"the","start":9881.71,"end":9881.85},{"text":"is","start":9882.27,"end":9882.51},{"text":"of","start":9882.51,"end":9882.57},{"text":"paramount","start":9882.57,"end":9883.17},{"text":"importance","start":9883.2,"end":9883.81},{"text":"in","start":9884.11,"end":9884.25},{"text":"order","start":9884.25,"end":9884.48},{"text":"to","start":9884.49,"end":9884.62},{"text":"face","start":9884.62,"end":9884.98},{"text":"the","start":9885.02,"end":9885.11},{"text":"adverse","start":9885.11,"end":9885.54},{"text":"effects","start":9885.54,"end":9885.55},{"text":"effects","start":9886.49,"end":9886.94},{"text":"of","start":9886.94,"end":9887.03},{"text":"climate","start":9887.03,"end":9887.38},{"text":"change","start":9887.41,"end":9887.81},{"text":"and","start":9887.9,"end":9888.01},{"text":"sea","start":9888.01,"end":9888.25},{"text":"level","start":9888.26,"end":9888.53},{"text":"rise","start":9888.54,"end":9888.96}]},{"text":"Concerning the possible ways forward referred to in the final report, we believe that caution is required, especially as regards subsequent agreements and interpretative statements.","start":9889.56,"end":9899.75,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"Concerning","start":9889.56,"end":9890.05},{"text":"the","start":9890.05,"end":9890.13},{"text":"possible","start":9890.13,"end":9890.56},{"text":"ways","start":9890.57,"end":9890.57},{"text":"forward","start":9890.57,"end":9891.47},{"text":"referred","start":9891.53,"end":9891.85},{"text":"to","start":9891.85,"end":9891.99},{"text":"in","start":9891.99,"end":9892.08},{"text":"the","start":9892.09,"end":9892.15},{"text":"final","start":9892.15,"end":9892.53},{"text":"report","start":9892.57,"end":9893.05},{"text":"we","start":9893.35,"end":9893.44},{"text":"believe","start":9893.46,"end":9893.82},{"text":"that","start":9893.85,"end":9894.01},{"text":"caution","start":9894.05,"end":9894.51},{"text":"is","start":9894.52,"end":9894.65},{"text":"required","start":9894.66,"end":9895.18},{"text":"especially","start":9895.29,"end":9895.94},{"text":"as","start":9895.94,"end":9896.12},{"text":"regards","start":9896.13,"end":9896.62},{"text":"subsequent","start":9896.69,"end":9897.41},{"text":"agreements","start":9897.42,"end":9897.99},{"text":"and","start":9898.09,"end":9898.29},{"text":"interpretative","start":9898.3,"end":9899.07},{"text":"statements","start":9899.12,"end":9899.75}]},{"text":"Reference to them has been in any case included in the final report before the ICJ rendered its advisory opinion and the General Assembly adopted the declaration on civil labor rights.","start":9900.16,"end":9910.53,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Reference","start":9900.16,"end":9900.63},{"text":"to","start":9900.63,"end":9900.74},{"text":"them","start":9900.74,"end":9901.06},{"text":"has","start":9901.09,"end":9901.29},{"text":"been","start":9901.29,"end":9901.55},{"text":"in","start":9901.55,"end":9901.68},{"text":"any","start":9901.68,"end":9901.8},{"text":"case","start":9901.82,"end":9902.12},{"text":"included","start":9902.13,"end":9902.66},{"text":"in","start":9902.73,"end":9902.87},{"text":"the","start":9902.87,"end":9902.95},{"text":"final","start":9902.97,"end":9903.34},{"text":"report","start":9903.37,"end":9903.82},{"text":"before","start":9904.33,"end":9904.73},{"text":"the","start":9904.73,"end":9904.85},{"text":"ICJ","start":9904.85,"end":9905.29},{"text":"rendered","start":9905.29,"end":9905.85},{"text":"its","start":9905.97,"end":9906.17},{"text":"advisory","start":9906.17,"end":9906.17},{"text":"opinion","start":9906.73,"end":9907.22},{"text":"and","start":9907.28,"end":9907.38},{"text":"the","start":9907.38,"end":9907.46},{"text":"General","start":9907.46,"end":9907.82},{"text":"Assembly","start":9907.83,"end":9908.21},{"text":"adopted","start":9908.21,"end":9908.61},{"text":"the","start":9908.65,"end":9908.73},{"text":"declaration","start":9908.74,"end":9909.42},{"text":"on","start":9909.42,"end":9909.45},{"text":"civil","start":9909.45,"end":9909.81},{"text":"labor","start":9909.81,"end":9910.14},{"text":"rights","start":9910.14,"end":9910.53}]},{"text":"Continuing on immunity of state officials from foreign criminal jurisdiction, I would like at the outset to express our gratitude to the special rapporteur, Mr. Grossman Wilow, for his tireless efforts to accommodate during the second reading of the draft articles the comments and concerns of member states and promote consensus within the commission.","start":9911.53,"end":9931.16,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Continuing","start":9911.53,"end":9912.38},{"text":"on","start":9912.45,"end":9912.64},{"text":"immunity","start":9912.65,"end":9913.05},{"text":"of","start":9913.05,"end":9913.13},{"text":"state","start":9913.13,"end":9913.42},{"text":"officials","start":9913.42,"end":9913.97},{"text":"from","start":9913.97,"end":9914.17},{"text":"foreign","start":9914.17,"end":9914.49},{"text":"criminal","start":9914.5,"end":9914.87},{"text":"jurisdiction","start":9914.89,"end":9915.64},{"text":"I","start":9915.99,"end":9916.08},{"text":"would","start":9916.08,"end":9916.21},{"text":"like","start":9916.21,"end":9916.51},{"text":"at","start":9916.51,"end":9916.62},{"text":"the","start":9916.64,"end":9916.72},{"text":"outset","start":9916.72,"end":9917.02},{"text":"to","start":9917.03,"end":9917.13},{"text":"express","start":9917.13,"end":9917.69},{"text":"our","start":9917.69,"end":9917.85},{"text":"gratitude","start":9917.85,"end":9918.3},{"text":"to","start":9918.33,"end":9918.43},{"text":"the","start":9918.43,"end":9918.53},{"text":"special","start":9918.53,"end":9918.96},{"text":"rapporteur","start":9918.97,"end":9919.57},{"text":"Mr","start":9919.57,"end":9919.86},{"text":"Grossman","start":9919.87,"end":9920.36},{"text":"Wilow","start":9920.66,"end":9921.06},{"text":"for","start":9921.51,"end":9921.7},{"text":"his","start":9921.72,"end":9922.04},{"text":"tireless","start":9922.06,"end":9922.66},{"text":"efforts","start":9922.73,"end":9923.19},{"text":"to","start":9923.19,"end":9923.29},{"text":"accommodate","start":9923.32,"end":9923.99},{"text":"during","start":9924.29,"end":9924.59},{"text":"the","start":9924.61,"end":9924.69},{"text":"second","start":9924.69,"end":9925.09},{"text":"reading","start":9925.09,"end":9925.52},{"text":"of","start":9925.53,"end":9925.62},{"text":"the","start":9925.62,"end":9925.7},{"text":"draft","start":9925.73,"end":9926.05},{"text":"articles","start":9926.05,"end":9926.53},{"text":"the","start":9926.53,"end":9926.61},{"text":"comments","start":9926.61,"end":9927.17},{"text":"and","start":9927.17,"end":9927.29},{"text":"concerns","start":9927.29,"end":9927.93},{"text":"of","start":9927.93,"end":9928.05},{"text":"member","start":9928.05,"end":9928.35},{"text":"states","start":9928.35,"end":9928.77},{"text":"and","start":9929.09,"end":9929.18},{"text":"promote","start":9929.18,"end":9929.58},{"text":"consensus","start":9929.58,"end":9930.22},{"text":"within","start":9930.22,"end":9930.52},{"text":"the","start":9930.53,"end":9930.61},{"text":"commission","start":9930.61,"end":9931.16}]},{"text":"Let me also commend the ILC for the completion this year of the long awaited second reading of the draft articles.","start":9931.69,"end":9938.59,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Let","start":9931.69,"end":9931.9},{"text":"me","start":9931.9,"end":9932.02},{"text":"also","start":9932.02,"end":9932.25},{"text":"commend","start":9932.25,"end":9932.65},{"text":"the","start":9932.65,"end":9932.77},{"text":"ILC","start":9932.77,"end":9933.34},{"text":"for","start":9933.53,"end":9933.66},{"text":"the","start":9933.66,"end":9933.75},{"text":"completion","start":9933.77,"end":9934.37},{"text":"this","start":9934.37,"end":9934.54},{"text":"year","start":9934.55,"end":9934.89},{"text":"of","start":9935.19,"end":9935.33},{"text":"the","start":9935.37,"end":9935.47},{"text":"long","start":9935.49,"end":9935.93},{"text":"awaited","start":9935.93,"end":9936.49},{"text":"second","start":9936.5,"end":9936.91},{"text":"reading","start":9936.93,"end":9937.33},{"text":"of","start":9937.44,"end":9937.53},{"text":"the","start":9937.57,"end":9937.63},{"text":"draft","start":9937.65,"end":9938},{"text":"articles","start":9938,"end":9938.59}]},{"text":"For the reasons explained in previous years, we welcome the retention of draft article six on the crimes under international law in respect of which immunity ratione materia shall not apply, whose importance cannot be overemphasized.","start":9939.29,"end":9953.68,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"For","start":9939.29,"end":9939.42},{"text":"the","start":9939.45,"end":9939.51},{"text":"reasons","start":9939.53,"end":9939.89},{"text":"explained","start":9939.89,"end":9940.42},{"text":"in","start":9940.53,"end":9940.69},{"text":"previous","start":9940.69,"end":9941.09},{"text":"years","start":9941.09,"end":9941.47},{"text":"we","start":9941.74,"end":9941.89},{"text":"welcome","start":9941.89,"end":9942.33},{"text":"the","start":9942.35,"end":9942.44},{"text":"retention","start":9942.44,"end":9943.07},{"text":"of","start":9943.07,"end":9943.17},{"text":"draft","start":9943.17,"end":9943.57},{"text":"article","start":9943.7,"end":9944.09},{"text":"six","start":9944.09,"end":9944.59},{"text":"on","start":9944.73,"end":9944.85},{"text":"the","start":9944.86,"end":9944.93},{"text":"crimes","start":9944.94,"end":9945.4},{"text":"under","start":9945.42,"end":9945.69},{"text":"international","start":9945.69,"end":9946.34},{"text":"law","start":9946.37,"end":9946.57},{"text":"in","start":9946.57,"end":9946.62},{"text":"respect","start":9946.64,"end":9947.08},{"text":"of","start":9947.08,"end":9947.18},{"text":"which","start":9947.21,"end":9947.53},{"text":"immunity","start":9947.53,"end":9947.98},{"text":"ratione","start":9947.98,"end":9948.46},{"text":"materia","start":9948.52,"end":9949.05},{"text":"shall","start":9949.37,"end":9949.57},{"text":"not","start":9949.57,"end":9949.79},{"text":"apply","start":9949.81,"end":9950.29},{"text":"whose","start":9950.79,"end":9951.04},{"text":"importance","start":9951.05,"end":9951.96},{"text":"cannot","start":9951.96,"end":9952.34},{"text":"be","start":9952.34,"end":9952.59},{"text":"overemphasized","start":9952.61,"end":9953.68}]},{"text":"We also support the inclusion of the crime of aggression in the list of such such crimes.","start":9954.17,"end":9958.43,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":9954.17,"end":9954.29},{"text":"also","start":9954.29,"end":9954.53},{"text":"support","start":9954.53,"end":9954.97},{"text":"the","start":9955.01,"end":9955.08},{"text":"inclusion","start":9955.08,"end":9955.61},{"text":"of","start":9955.61,"end":9955.69},{"text":"the","start":9955.71,"end":9955.78},{"text":"crime","start":9955.79,"end":9956.09},{"text":"of","start":9956.09,"end":9956.21},{"text":"aggression","start":9956.21,"end":9956.7},{"text":"in","start":9956.7,"end":9956.78},{"text":"the","start":9956.78,"end":9956.87},{"text":"list","start":9956.89,"end":9957.16},{"text":"of","start":9957.16,"end":9957.25},{"text":"such","start":9957.25,"end":9957.25},{"text":"such","start":9957.82,"end":9958.15},{"text":"crimes","start":9958.15,"end":9958.43}]},{"text":"We regret, however, that this draft article has once again triggered repetitive debates within the commission and that its retention was secured only by a vote for the second time in a decade.","start":9959.06,"end":9971.44,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":9959.06,"end":9959.19},{"text":"regret","start":9959.2,"end":9959.65},{"text":"however","start":9959.67,"end":9960.32},{"text":"that","start":9960.58,"end":9960.74},{"text":"this","start":9960.97,"end":9961.21},{"text":"draft","start":9961.25,"end":9961.61},{"text":"article","start":9961.62,"end":9962.09},{"text":"has","start":9962.17,"end":9962.39},{"text":"once","start":9962.47,"end":9962.8},{"text":"again","start":9962.8,"end":9963.09},{"text":"triggered","start":9963.09,"end":9963.61},{"text":"repetitive","start":9963.88,"end":9964.49},{"text":"debates","start":9964.49,"end":9965.02},{"text":"within","start":9965.02,"end":9965.33},{"text":"the","start":9965.33,"end":9965.41},{"text":"commission","start":9965.41,"end":9965.97},{"text":"and","start":9966.38,"end":9966.54},{"text":"that","start":9966.54,"end":9966.71},{"text":"its","start":9966.77,"end":9966.97},{"text":"retention","start":9967.01,"end":9967.63},{"text":"was","start":9967.66,"end":9967.78},{"text":"secured","start":9967.78,"end":9968.37},{"text":"only","start":9968.49,"end":9968.84},{"text":"by","start":9968.85,"end":9969.12},{"text":"a","start":9969.12,"end":9969.15},{"text":"vote","start":9969.15,"end":9969.66},{"text":"for","start":9969.9,"end":9970.02},{"text":"the","start":9970.03,"end":9970.13},{"text":"second","start":9970.13,"end":9970.56},{"text":"time","start":9970.57,"end":9970.9},{"text":"in","start":9970.9,"end":9970.99},{"text":"a","start":9970.99,"end":9971.03},{"text":"decade","start":9971.03,"end":9971.44}]},{"text":"We appreciate the improvements made to paragraph one of draft article nine in order to ensure that the notification would not compromise the confidentiality of an ongoing investigation of the proper conduct of criminal proceedings in the forum state.","start":9972.39,"end":9987.26,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":9972.39,"end":9972.49},{"text":"appreciate","start":9972.49,"end":9973.08},{"text":"the","start":9973.09,"end":9973.17},{"text":"improvements","start":9973.17,"end":9973.85},{"text":"made","start":9973.86,"end":9974.13},{"text":"to","start":9974.13,"end":9974.23},{"text":"paragraph","start":9974.23,"end":9974.75},{"text":"one","start":9974.75,"end":9975.02},{"text":"of","start":9975.03,"end":9975.13},{"text":"draft","start":9975.13,"end":9975.45},{"text":"article","start":9975.54,"end":9975.94},{"text":"nine","start":9975.94,"end":9976.33},{"text":"in","start":9976.64,"end":9976.8},{"text":"order","start":9976.8,"end":9977.03},{"text":"to","start":9977.03,"end":9977.17},{"text":"ensure","start":9977.17,"end":9977.59},{"text":"that","start":9977.59,"end":9977.73},{"text":"the","start":9977.79,"end":9977.86},{"text":"notification","start":9977.87,"end":9978.76},{"text":"would","start":9979.37,"end":9979.51},{"text":"not","start":9979.52,"end":9979.76},{"text":"compromise","start":9979.77,"end":9980.59},{"text":"the","start":9980.94,"end":9981.07},{"text":"confidentiality","start":9981.33,"end":9982.36},{"text":"of","start":9982.36,"end":9982.47},{"text":"an","start":9982.47,"end":9982.57},{"text":"ongoing","start":9982.57,"end":9982.95},{"text":"investigation","start":9982.96,"end":9983.82},{"text":"of","start":9984.05,"end":9984.18},{"text":"the","start":9984.21,"end":9984.29},{"text":"proper","start":9984.29,"end":9984.73},{"text":"conduct","start":9984.73,"end":9985.2},{"text":"of","start":9985.21,"end":9985.3},{"text":"criminal","start":9985.32,"end":9985.69},{"text":"proceedings","start":9985.69,"end":9986.33},{"text":"in","start":9986.39,"end":9986.49},{"text":"the","start":9986.49,"end":9986.56},{"text":"forum","start":9986.57,"end":9986.89},{"text":"state","start":9986.89,"end":9987.26}]},{"text":"Similarly, we believe that the reformulation of paragraph two of this draft article accommodates the interest of the state of the official in receiving the information it needs to preserve its rights while allowing a degree of of flexibility to the form state.","start":9988.01,"end":10002.59,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Similarly","start":9988.01,"end":9988.71},{"text":"we","start":9988.73,"end":9988.89},{"text":"believe","start":9988.89,"end":9989.32},{"text":"that","start":9989.32,"end":9989.46},{"text":"the","start":9989.47,"end":9989.62},{"text":"reformulation","start":9989.64,"end":9990.37},{"text":"of","start":9990.37,"end":9990.46},{"text":"paragraph","start":9990.49,"end":9990.94},{"text":"two","start":9990.94,"end":9991.27},{"text":"of","start":9991.35,"end":9991.47},{"text":"this","start":9991.47,"end":9991.63},{"text":"draft","start":9991.69,"end":9991.97},{"text":"article","start":9991.97,"end":9992.45},{"text":"accommodates","start":9992.49,"end":9993.22},{"text":"the","start":9993.23,"end":9993.32},{"text":"interest","start":9993.32,"end":9993.67},{"text":"of","start":9993.67,"end":9993.76},{"text":"the","start":9993.77,"end":9993.85},{"text":"state","start":9993.85,"end":9994.27},{"text":"of","start":9994.33,"end":9994.46},{"text":"the","start":9994.46,"end":9994.57},{"text":"official","start":9994.57,"end":9995.16},{"text":"in","start":9995.51,"end":9995.61},{"text":"receiving","start":9995.61,"end":9996.1},{"text":"the","start":9996.13,"end":9996.17},{"text":"information","start":9996.17,"end":9996.83},{"text":"it","start":9996.83,"end":9996.93},{"text":"needs","start":9996.95,"end":9997.28},{"text":"to","start":9997.29,"end":9997.38},{"text":"preserve","start":9997.41,"end":9997.85},{"text":"its","start":9997.85,"end":9998.06},{"text":"rights","start":9998.06,"end":9998.45},{"text":"while","start":9998.63,"end":9998.97},{"text":"allowing","start":9999.11,"end":9999.11},{"text":"a","start":9999.11,"end":9999.66},{"text":"degree","start":9999.69,"end":10000.05},{"text":"of","start":10000.05,"end":10000.16},{"text":"of","start":10000.53,"end":10000.66},{"text":"flexibility","start":10000.67,"end":10001.62},{"text":"to","start":10001.62,"end":10001.77},{"text":"the","start":10001.77,"end":10001.88},{"text":"form","start":10001.89,"end":10002.21},{"text":"state","start":10002.21,"end":10002.59}]},{"text":"We also welcome the removal of references to applicable international cooperation and mutual legal assistance treaties from draft articles 9 to 12.","start":10003.33,"end":10012.45,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"We","start":10003.33,"end":10003.46},{"text":"also","start":10003.46,"end":10003.73},{"text":"welcome","start":10003.77,"end":10004.2},{"text":"the","start":10004.2,"end":10004.3},{"text":"removal","start":10004.31,"end":10004.82},{"text":"of","start":10004.92,"end":10005.09},{"text":"references","start":10005.09,"end":10005.74},{"text":"to","start":10005.75,"end":10005.89},{"text":"applicable","start":10005.89,"end":10006.47},{"text":"international","start":10006.51,"end":10007.07},{"text":"cooperation","start":10007.09,"end":10007.8},{"text":"and","start":10007.8,"end":10007.91},{"text":"mutual","start":10007.93,"end":10008.31},{"text":"legal","start":10008.33,"end":10008.61},{"text":"assistance","start":10008.61,"end":10009.33},{"text":"treaties","start":10009.34,"end":10009.98},{"text":"from","start":10010.36,"end":10010.44},{"text":"draft","start":10010.59,"end":10010.96},{"text":"articles","start":10011,"end":10011.54},{"text":"9","start":10011.56,"end":10011.88},{"text":"to","start":10011.88,"end":10011.99},{"text":"12","start":10012,"end":10012.45}]},{"text":"In our view these treaties serve a different purpose and their practical application to situations envisaged by the said draft articles has not been demonstrated.","start":10012.77,"end":10022.92,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"In","start":10012.77,"end":10012.89},{"text":"our","start":10012.89,"end":10013.08},{"text":"view","start":10013.09,"end":10013.38},{"text":"these","start":10013.38,"end":10013.56},{"text":"treaties","start":10013.6,"end":10014},{"text":"serve","start":10014,"end":10014.41},{"text":"a","start":10014.7,"end":10014.79},{"text":"different","start":10014.8,"end":10015.2},{"text":"purpose","start":10015.24,"end":10015.74},{"text":"and","start":10016.05,"end":10016.16},{"text":"their","start":10016.16,"end":10016.29},{"text":"practical","start":10016.3,"end":10016.86},{"text":"application","start":10016.86,"end":10017.48},{"text":"to","start":10017.48,"end":10017.6},{"text":"situations","start":10017.64,"end":10018.49},{"text":"envisaged","start":10018.68,"end":10019.44},{"text":"by","start":10019.48,"end":10019.68},{"text":"the","start":10019.69,"end":10019.8},{"text":"said","start":10019.8,"end":10020.08},{"text":"draft","start":10020.08,"end":10020.44},{"text":"articles","start":10020.48,"end":10021.06},{"text":"has","start":10021.35,"end":10021.52},{"text":"not","start":10021.52,"end":10021.77},{"text":"been","start":10021.8,"end":10022.04},{"text":"demonstrated","start":10022.07,"end":10022.92}]},{"text":"Finally, with regard to draft article 17 on the settlement of disputes, we would like to reiterate our view that the dispute settlement clause will only be relevant if the draft articles take the form of a convention.","start":10023.45,"end":10037.32,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. 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Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"Continuing","start":10038.32,"end":10039.08},{"text":"and","start":10039.21,"end":10039.33},{"text":"concluding","start":10039.35,"end":10039.97},{"text":"with","start":10039.97,"end":10040.08},{"text":"general","start":10040.24,"end":10040.24},{"text":"principles","start":10040.24,"end":10041.19},{"text":"of","start":10041.19,"end":10041.3},{"text":"law","start":10041.32,"end":10041.62},{"text":"Madam","start":10041.76,"end":10042.05},{"text":"Chair","start":10042.06,"end":10042.38},{"text":"Greece","start":10042.72,"end":10043.03},{"text":"would","start":10043.04,"end":10043.2},{"text":"like","start":10043.2,"end":10043.46},{"text":"to","start":10043.48,"end":10043.58},{"text":"express","start":10043.58,"end":10044.2},{"text":"its","start":10044.28,"end":10044.46},{"text":"appreciation","start":10044.46,"end":10045.2},{"text":"to","start":10045.21,"end":10045.33},{"text":"the","start":10045.35,"end":10045.43},{"text":"special","start":10045.44,"end":10045.84},{"text":"rapporteur","start":10045.86,"end":10046.42},{"text":"Mr","start":10046.44,"end":10046.72},{"text":"Marcelo","start":10046.72,"end":10047.23},{"text":"Vasquez","start":10047.23,"end":10047.64},{"text":"Bermúdez","start":10047.65,"end":10048.23},{"text":"for","start":10048.64,"end":10048.78},{"text":"his","start":10048.78,"end":10048.99},{"text":"important","start":10048.99,"end":10049.43},{"text":"work","start":10049.48,"end":10049.88},{"text":"on","start":10049.92,"end":10050.06},{"text":"general","start":10050.06,"end":10050.36},{"text":"principles","start":10050.36,"end":10050.93},{"text":"of","start":10050.93,"end":10051.06},{"text":"law","start":10051.06,"end":10051.35},{"text":"as","start":10051.48,"end":10051.64},{"text":"well","start":10051.66,"end":10051.95},{"text":"as","start":10051.95,"end":10052.12},{"text":"to","start":10052.12,"end":10052.21},{"text":"the","start":10052.21,"end":10052.3},{"text":"Commission","start":10052.32,"end":10052.85},{"text":"for","start":10053.12,"end":10053.25},{"text":"the","start":10053.25,"end":10053.33},{"text":"successful","start":10053.33,"end":10053.88},{"text":"conclusion","start":10053.88,"end":10054.51},{"text":"of","start":10054.51,"end":10054.6},{"text":"the","start":10054.6,"end":10054.68},{"text":"second","start":10054.68,"end":10055.07},{"text":"reading","start":10055.07,"end":10055.46},{"text":"of","start":10055.79,"end":10055.88},{"text":"the","start":10055.89,"end":10055.96},{"text":"draft","start":10055.99,"end":10056.27},{"text":"conclusions","start":10056.27,"end":10056.94},{"text":"on","start":10057.02,"end":10057.13},{"text":"this","start":10057.14,"end":10057.3},{"text":"topic","start":10057.31,"end":10057.74}]},{"text":"Greece looks forward to their consideration by the General Assembly.","start":10058.13,"end":10061.95,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"Greece","start":10058.13,"end":10058.64},{"text":"looks","start":10058.79,"end":10059.08},{"text":"forward","start":10059.16,"end":10059.64},{"text":"to","start":10059.64,"end":10059.74},{"text":"their","start":10059.76,"end":10059.96},{"text":"consideration","start":10059.97,"end":10060.75},{"text":"by","start":10060.76,"end":10060.91},{"text":"the","start":10060.92,"end":10061.02},{"text":"General","start":10061.04,"end":10061.46},{"text":"Assembly","start":10061.46,"end":10061.95}]},{"text":"We consider the present study as a useful complement to the previous and ongoing work of the Commission on the sources of international law, and take this opportunity to underline the importance of coherence between the present set of conclusions and the commission's ongoing work on subsidiary means for the determination of rules of international law, given the close relationship between the two topics.","start":10062.55,"end":10085.88,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. 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think that distinguished representative of Greece for her statement.","start":10100.87,"end":10104.14,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"I","start":10100.87,"end":10100.98},{"text":"think","start":10100.98,"end":10101.21},{"text":"that","start":10101.22,"end":10101.36},{"text":"distinguished","start":10101.36,"end":10101.8},{"text":"representative","start":10101.81,"end":10102.48},{"text":"of","start":10102.48,"end":10102.66},{"text":"Greece","start":10102.74,"end":10103.16},{"text":"for","start":10103.17,"end":10103.32},{"text":"her","start":10103.33,"end":10103.45},{"text":"statement","start":10103.74,"end":10104.14}]},{"text":"I now give the floor to the distinguished representative of 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saludar la labor desarrollada en cumplimiento de su mandato de promover el desarrollo progresivo y la codificación del derecho internacional conforme al artículo 13 de la carta.","start":10128.44,"end":10137.37,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Y","start":10128.44,"end":10128.56},{"text":"saludar","start":10128.56,"end":10128.96},{"text":"la","start":10128.96,"end":10129.05},{"text":"labor","start":10129.05,"end":10129.36},{"text":"desarrollada","start":10129.36,"end":10129.88},{"text":"en","start":10129.92,"end":10130},{"text":"cumplimiento","start":10130,"end":10130.52},{"text":"de","start":10130.53,"end":10130.6},{"text":"su","start":10130.6,"end":10130.71},{"text":"mandato","start":10130.72,"end":10131.3},{"text":"de","start":10131.31,"end":10131.45},{"text":"promover","start":10131.45,"end":10131.85},{"text":"el","start":10131.85,"end":10131.9},{"text":"desarrollo","start":10131.92,"end":10132.38},{"text":"progresivo","start":10132.39,"end":10133.12},{"text":"y","start":10133.12,"end":10133.24},{"text":"la","start":10133.25,"end":10133.36},{"text":"codificación","start":10133.36,"end":10134.03},{"text":"del","start":10134.03,"end":10134.16},{"text":"derecho","start":10134.17,"end":10134.44},{"text":"internacional","start":10134.46,"end":10135.2},{"text":"conforme","start":10135.66,"end":10136.07},{"text":"al","start":10136.07,"end":10136.13},{"text":"artículo","start":10136.13,"end":10136.56},{"text":"13","start":10136.56,"end":10136.86},{"text":"de","start":10136.86,"end":10136.93},{"text":"la","start":10136.95,"end":10137.06},{"text":"carta","start":10137.06,"end":10137.37}]},{"text":"Agradecemos igualmente la presentación del informe por el presidente de la comisión, el profesor Mauro Yanis y por intermedio suyo agradecemos a todos los miembros de la CDI no solo por su trabajo sino por hacer sus mejores esfuerzos, por lograr mayor eficiencia y avanzar en cuanto fuera posible.","start":10138.24,"end":10155.01,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Agradecemos","start":10138.24,"end":10138.92},{"text":"igualmente","start":10138.94,"end":10139.67},{"text":"la","start":10140.08,"end":10140.23},{"text":"presentación","start":10140.23,"end":10140.8},{"text":"del","start":10140.8,"end":10140.94},{"text":"informe","start":10140.94,"end":10141.34},{"text":"por","start":10141.34,"end":10141.56},{"text":"el","start":10141.56,"end":10141.65},{"text":"presidente","start":10141.65,"end":10142.16},{"text":"de","start":10142.18,"end":10142.21},{"text":"la","start":10142.21,"end":10142.35},{"text":"comisión","start":10142.36,"end":10142.93},{"text":"el","start":10142.96,"end":10143.11},{"text":"profesor","start":10143.11,"end":10143.6},{"text":"Mauro","start":10143.88,"end":10144.22},{"text":"Yanis","start":10144.22,"end":10144.67},{"text":"y","start":10144.67,"end":10144.83},{"text":"por","start":10144.83,"end":10145.03},{"text":"intermedio","start":10145.03,"end":10145.51},{"text":"suyo","start":10145.52,"end":10145.98},{"text":"agradecemos","start":10146,"end":10146.61},{"text":"a","start":10146.61,"end":10146.67},{"text":"todos","start":10146.67,"end":10146.92},{"text":"los","start":10146.92,"end":10147.06},{"text":"miembros","start":10147.06,"end":10147.38},{"text":"de","start":10147.38,"end":10147.47},{"text":"la","start":10147.48,"end":10147.61},{"text":"CDI","start":10147.61,"end":10148.07},{"text":"no","start":10148.42,"end":10148.58},{"text":"solo","start":10148.58,"end":10148.82},{"text":"por","start":10148.82,"end":10148.98},{"text":"su","start":10148.99,"end":10149.11},{"text":"trabajo","start":10149.12,"end":10149.68},{"text":"sino","start":10149.68,"end":10150.02},{"text":"por","start":10150.02,"end":10150.17},{"text":"hacer","start":10150.17,"end":10150.47},{"text":"sus","start":10150.47,"end":10150.66},{"text":"mejores","start":10150.67,"end":10151.03},{"text":"esfuerzos","start":10151.14,"end":10151.6},{"text":"por","start":10151.6,"end":10151.82},{"text":"lograr","start":10151.82,"end":10152.22},{"text":"mayor","start":10152.24,"end":10152.56},{"text":"eficiencia","start":10152.57,"end":10153.32},{"text":"y","start":10153.32,"end":10153.43},{"text":"avanzar","start":10153.47,"end":10153.9},{"text":"en","start":10153.91,"end":10154},{"text":"cuanto","start":10154,"end":10154.33},{"text":"fuera","start":10154.33,"end":10154.56},{"text":"posible","start":10154.56,"end":10155.01}]},{"text":"También permítame agradecer al presidente del comité de redacción por su excelente labor.","start":10155.96,"end":10161,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"También","start":10155.96,"end":10156.54},{"text":"permítame","start":10156.6,"end":10157.24},{"text":"agradecer","start":10157.24,"end":10157.93},{"text":"al","start":10158,"end":10158.16},{"text":"presidente","start":10158.16,"end":10158.64},{"text":"del","start":10158.64,"end":10158.76},{"text":"comité","start":10158.76,"end":10159.18},{"text":"de","start":10159.18,"end":10159.27},{"text":"redacción","start":10159.27,"end":10159.84},{"text":"por","start":10159.86,"end":10160.04},{"text":"su","start":10160.04,"end":10160.18},{"text":"excelente","start":10160.18,"end":10160.67},{"text":"labor","start":10160.68,"end":10161}]},{"text":"Señora presidente, sobre la elevación del nivel del mar, Colombia toma nota del informe final del grupo de estudio de la CDI adoptado en 2025 y agradece a sus copresidentes por la seriedad y el compromiso con que condujeron esta labor.","start":10161.93,"end":10175.94,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"Señora","start":10161.93,"end":10162.3},{"text":"presidente","start":10162.3,"end":10162.95},{"text":"sobre","start":10163.36,"end":10163.64},{"text":"la","start":10163.64,"end":10163.74},{"text":"elevación","start":10163.74,"end":10164.22},{"text":"del","start":10164.22,"end":10164.32},{"text":"nivel","start":10164.36,"end":10164.6},{"text":"del","start":10164.6,"end":10164.76},{"text":"mar","start":10164.76,"end":10165.07},{"text":"Colombia","start":10165.32,"end":10165.76},{"text":"toma","start":10165.77,"end":10166.08},{"text":"nota","start":10166.08,"end":10166.43},{"text":"del","start":10166.51,"end":10166.72},{"text":"informe","start":10166.72,"end":10167.16},{"text":"final","start":10167.16,"end":10167.48},{"text":"del","start":10167.48,"end":10167.64},{"text":"grupo","start":10167.64,"end":10167.97},{"text":"de","start":10167.97,"end":10168.04},{"text":"estudio","start":10168.05,"end":10168.4},{"text":"de","start":10168.4,"end":10168.52},{"text":"la","start":10168.52,"end":10168.62},{"text":"CDI","start":10168.62,"end":10169.14},{"text":"adoptado","start":10169.14,"end":10169.78},{"text":"en","start":10169.78,"end":10169.89},{"text":"2025","start":10170.02,"end":10170.79},{"text":"y","start":10171.24,"end":10171.34},{"text":"agradece","start":10171.34,"end":10171.92},{"text":"a","start":10171.92,"end":10172.02},{"text":"sus","start":10172.02,"end":10172.22},{"text":"copresidentes","start":10172.22,"end":10172.89},{"text":"por","start":10172.89,"end":10173.08},{"text":"la","start":10173.09,"end":10173.2},{"text":"seriedad","start":10173.2,"end":10173.75},{"text":"y","start":10173.75,"end":10173.83},{"text":"el","start":10173.83,"end":10173.93},{"text":"compromiso","start":10173.93,"end":10174.54},{"text":"con","start":10174.54,"end":10174.71},{"text":"que","start":10174.72,"end":10174.82},{"text":"condujeron","start":10174.84,"end":10175.38},{"text":"esta","start":10175.39,"end":10175.6},{"text":"labor","start":10175.6,"end":10175.94}]},{"text":"Reconocemos este informe final como un aporte valioso para la clarificación del derecho internacional en materia de derecho del mar, condición de estado y protección de personas afectadas.","start":10176.73,"end":10186.44,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"Reconocemos","start":10176.73,"end":10177.39},{"text":"este","start":10177.4,"end":10177.57},{"text":"informe","start":10177.59,"end":10177.96},{"text":"final","start":10177.96,"end":10178.29},{"text":"como","start":10178.29,"end":10178.52},{"text":"un","start":10178.56,"end":10178.65},{"text":"aporte","start":10178.66,"end":10179.05},{"text":"valioso","start":10179.05,"end":10179.43},{"text":"para","start":10179.55,"end":10179.76},{"text":"la","start":10179.76,"end":10179.88},{"text":"clarificación","start":10179.88,"end":10180.58},{"text":"del","start":10180.58,"end":10180.72},{"text":"derecho","start":10180.73,"end":10181.01},{"text":"internacional","start":10181.03,"end":10181.78},{"text":"en","start":10182.21,"end":10182.39},{"text":"materia","start":10182.39,"end":10182.74},{"text":"de","start":10182.74,"end":10182.74},{"text":"derecho","start":10182.85,"end":10183.1},{"text":"del","start":10183.1,"end":10183.25},{"text":"mar","start":10183.25,"end":10183.52},{"text":"condición","start":10183.57,"end":10184.05},{"text":"de","start":10184.07,"end":10184.13},{"text":"estado","start":10184.14,"end":10184.56},{"text":"y","start":10184.57,"end":10184.7},{"text":"protección","start":10184.7,"end":10185.24},{"text":"de","start":10185.24,"end":10185.34},{"text":"personas","start":10185.35,"end":10185.83},{"text":"afectadas","start":10185.83,"end":10186.44}]},{"text":"Subrayamos la importancia de preservar la estabilidad, la seguridad jurídica y la previsibilidad de los espacios marítimos frente a los efectos físicos derivados de la elevación del nivel del mar.","start":10187.32,"end":10197.29,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"Subrayamos","start":10187.32,"end":10188.07},{"text":"la","start":10188.09,"end":10188.2},{"text":"importancia","start":10188.2,"end":10188.72},{"text":"de","start":10188.72,"end":10188.8},{"text":"preservar","start":10188.8,"end":10189.32},{"text":"la","start":10189.33,"end":10189.45},{"text":"estabilidad","start":10189.46,"end":10190.12},{"text":"la","start":10190.46,"end":10190.58},{"text":"seguridad","start":10190.6,"end":10191.03},{"text":"jurídica","start":10191.03,"end":10191.54},{"text":"y","start":10191.56,"end":10191.64},{"text":"la","start":10191.64,"end":10191.76},{"text":"previsibilidad","start":10191.76,"end":10192.42},{"text":"de","start":10192.42,"end":10192.5},{"text":"los","start":10192.5,"end":10192.65},{"text":"espacios","start":10192.66,"end":10193.07},{"text":"marítimos","start":10193.07,"end":10193.67},{"text":"frente","start":10193.99,"end":10194.31},{"text":"a","start":10194.31,"end":10194.35},{"text":"los","start":10194.35,"end":10194.52},{"text":"efectos","start":10194.53,"end":10194.98},{"text":"físicos","start":10194.98,"end":10195.45},{"text":"derivados","start":10195.47,"end":10195.91},{"text":"de","start":10195.91,"end":10195.97},{"text":"la","start":10195.97,"end":10196.03},{"text":"elevación","start":10196.03,"end":10196.51},{"text":"del","start":10196.52,"end":10196.65},{"text":"nivel","start":10196.65,"end":10196.87},{"text":"del","start":10196.88,"end":10197.02},{"text":"mar","start":10197.03,"end":10197.29}]},{"text":"En este sentido, la opinión consultiva de la Corte Internacional de Justicia aporta elementos de orientación jurídica tomando nota de la preocupación expresada por numerosos estados respecto a la necesidad de preservar las líneas base, los títulos marítimos, las delimitaciones marítimas y los derechos correspondientes frente a la agresión costera y otros efectos asociados a la elevación.","start":10197.78,"end":10218.39,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"En","start":10197.78,"end":10197.97},{"text":"este","start":10197.98,"end":10198.19},{"text":"sentido","start":10198.19,"end":10198.8},{"text":"la","start":10199.11,"end":10199.28},{"text":"opinión","start":10199.29,"end":10199.62},{"text":"consultiva","start":10199.63,"end":10200.15},{"text":"de","start":10200.16,"end":10200.23},{"text":"la","start":10200.23,"end":10200.36},{"text":"Corte","start":10200.36,"end":10200.71},{"text":"Internacional","start":10200.71,"end":10201.28},{"text":"de","start":10201.28,"end":10201.35},{"text":"Justicia","start":10201.35,"end":10202.02},{"text":"aporta","start":10202.05,"end":10202.54},{"text":"elementos","start":10202.55,"end":10203},{"text":"de","start":10203,"end":10203.07},{"text":"orientación","start":10203.09,"end":10203.66},{"text":"jurídica","start":10203.66,"end":10204.31},{"text":"tomando","start":10204.63,"end":10205.08},{"text":"nota","start":10205.08,"end":10205.38},{"text":"de","start":10205.38,"end":10205.42},{"text":"la","start":10205.45,"end":10205.56},{"text":"preocupación","start":10205.57,"end":10206.19},{"text":"expresada","start":10206.19,"end":10206.7},{"text":"por","start":10206.7,"end":10206.9},{"text":"numerosos","start":10206.91,"end":10207.41},{"text":"estados","start":10207.42,"end":10207.98},{"text":"respecto","start":10207.99,"end":10208.46},{"text":"a","start":10208.46,"end":10208.48},{"text":"la","start":10208.48,"end":10208.59},{"text":"necesidad","start":10208.59,"end":10209.16},{"text":"de","start":10209.16,"end":10209.25},{"text":"preservar","start":10209.25,"end":10209.79},{"text":"las","start":10209.79,"end":10209.96},{"text":"líneas","start":10209.99,"end":10210.33},{"text":"base","start":10210.33,"end":10210.74},{"text":"los","start":10211.15,"end":10211.33},{"text":"títulos","start":10211.33,"end":10211.68},{"text":"marítimos","start":10211.7,"end":10212.3},{"text":"las","start":10212.55,"end":10212.75},{"text":"delimitaciones","start":10212.75,"end":10213.35},{"text":"marítimas","start":10213.35,"end":10213.9},{"text":"y","start":10213.9,"end":10214.01},{"text":"los","start":10214.01,"end":10214.16},{"text":"derechos","start":10214.16,"end":10214.48},{"text":"correspondientes","start":10214.48,"end":10215.27},{"text":"frente","start":10215.28,"end":10215.56},{"text":"a","start":10215.56,"end":10215.6},{"text":"la","start":10215.6,"end":10215.68},{"text":"agresión","start":10215.68,"end":10216.06},{"text":"costera","start":10216.06,"end":10216.61},{"text":"y","start":10216.63,"end":10216.79},{"text":"otros","start":10216.79,"end":10217.07},{"text":"efectos","start":10217.08,"end":10217.08},{"text":"asociados","start":10217.08,"end":10217.93},{"text":"a","start":10217.94,"end":10217.99},{"text":"la","start":10218,"end":10218.12},{"text":"elevación","start":10218.12,"end":10218.39}]},{"text":"del mar.","start":10218.58,"end":10218.97,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"del","start":10218.58,"end":10218.72},{"text":"mar","start":10218.72,"end":10218.97}]},{"text":"Si bien Colombia no es estado parte de la CONBEMAR ha sostenido de manera consistente que únicamente reconoce como vinculantes aquellas disposiciones que reflejan normas de derecho consuetudinario.","start":10219.51,"end":10231.07,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"Si","start":10219.51,"end":10219.74},{"text":"bien","start":10219.74,"end":10219.95},{"text":"Colombia","start":10219.97,"end":10220.51},{"text":"no","start":10220.51,"end":10220.82},{"text":"es","start":10220.83,"end":10221.03},{"text":"estado","start":10221.03,"end":10221.42},{"text":"parte","start":10221.42,"end":10221.95},{"text":"de","start":10221.95,"end":10222.09},{"text":"la","start":10222.11,"end":10222.23},{"text":"CONBEMAR","start":10222.23,"end":10222.82},{"text":"ha","start":10223.15,"end":10223.31},{"text":"sostenido","start":10223.31,"end":10223.71},{"text":"de","start":10223.71,"end":10223.83},{"text":"manera","start":10223.83,"end":10224.19},{"text":"consistente","start":10224.19,"end":10224.95},{"text":"que","start":10224.95,"end":10225.15},{"text":"únicamente","start":10225.15,"end":10225.79},{"text":"reconoce","start":10225.79,"end":10226.31},{"text":"como","start":10226.31,"end":10226.64},{"text":"vinculantes","start":10226.64,"end":10227.36},{"text":"aquellas","start":10227.71,"end":10228.19},{"text":"disposiciones","start":10228.2,"end":10228.87},{"text":"que","start":10228.87,"end":10228.96},{"text":"reflejan","start":10228.96,"end":10229.39},{"text":"normas","start":10229.39,"end":10229.77},{"text":"de","start":10229.77,"end":10229.9},{"text":"derecho","start":10229.91,"end":10230.15},{"text":"consuetudinario","start":10230.15,"end":10231.07}]},{"text":"Aceptadas por el estado colombiano.","start":10231.39,"end":10233.11,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Aceptadas","start":10231.39,"end":10231.96},{"text":"por","start":10231.96,"end":10232.11},{"text":"el","start":10232.11,"end":10232.23},{"text":"estado","start":10232.28,"end":10232.54},{"text":"colombiano","start":10232.56,"end":10233.11}]},{"text":"Colombia advierte que persisten desafíos en la protección internacional de las personas afectadas por el cambio climático y la elevación del nivel del mar.","start":10234.35,"end":10241.91,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"Colombia","start":10234.35,"end":10234.75},{"text":"advierte","start":10234.75,"end":10235.23},{"text":"que","start":10235.23,"end":10235.36},{"text":"persisten","start":10235.37,"end":10235.87},{"text":"desafíos","start":10235.87,"end":10236.52},{"text":"en","start":10236.54,"end":10236.7},{"text":"la","start":10236.7,"end":10236.81},{"text":"protección","start":10236.82,"end":10237.24},{"text":"internacional","start":10237.24,"end":10237.83},{"text":"de","start":10237.83,"end":10237.89},{"text":"las","start":10237.89,"end":10238.04},{"text":"personas","start":10238.05,"end":10238.49},{"text":"afectadas","start":10238.49,"end":10238.99},{"text":"por","start":10239,"end":10239.15},{"text":"el","start":10239.15,"end":10239.25},{"text":"cambio","start":10239.25,"end":10239.55},{"text":"climático","start":10239.55,"end":10240.13},{"text":"y","start":10240.47,"end":10240.6},{"text":"la","start":10240.6,"end":10240.7},{"text":"elevación","start":10240.7,"end":10241.11},{"text":"del","start":10241.12,"end":10241.23},{"text":"nivel","start":10241.23,"end":10241.52},{"text":"del","start":10241.52,"end":10241.67},{"text":"mar","start":10241.67,"end":10241.91}]},{"text":"Por lo que destaca la necesidad de fortalecer la cooperación internacional y explorar alternativas jurídicas que garanticen sus derechos.","start":10242.19,"end":10249.19,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"Por","start":10242.19,"end":10242.36},{"text":"lo","start":10242.36,"end":10242.47},{"text":"que","start":10242.48,"end":10242.59},{"text":"destaca","start":10242.62,"end":10242.95},{"text":"la","start":10242.96,"end":10243.07},{"text":"necesidad","start":10243.14,"end":10243.56},{"text":"de","start":10243.56,"end":10243.66},{"text":"fortalecer","start":10243.66,"end":10244.31},{"text":"la","start":10244.31,"end":10244.42},{"text":"cooperación","start":10244.46,"end":10244.99},{"text":"internacional","start":10244.99,"end":10245.74},{"text":"y","start":10246.03,"end":10246.18},{"text":"explorar","start":10246.18,"end":10246.59},{"text":"alternativas","start":10246.6,"end":10247.02},{"text":"jurídicas","start":10247.02,"end":10247.85},{"text":"que","start":10247.86,"end":10247.97},{"text":"garanticen","start":10247.97,"end":10248.51},{"text":"sus","start":10248.51,"end":10248.72},{"text":"derechos","start":10248.83,"end":10249.19}]},{"text":"Este debate se relaciona directamente con el proceso de negociación diplomática para elaborar un instrumento jurídicamente vinculante sobre protección de las personas en casos de desastre.","start":10249.83,"end":10259.54,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Este","start":10249.83,"end":10250.09},{"text":"debate","start":10250.19,"end":10250.49},{"text":"se","start":10250.49,"end":10250.58},{"text":"relaciona","start":10250.6,"end":10251.07},{"text":"directamente","start":10251.07,"end":10251.74},{"text":"con","start":10251.75,"end":10251.91},{"text":"el","start":10251.91,"end":10252},{"text":"proceso","start":10252,"end":10252.59},{"text":"de","start":10252.6,"end":10252.79},{"text":"negociación","start":10252.79,"end":10253.36},{"text":"diplomática","start":10253.36,"end":10254.02},{"text":"para","start":10254.02,"end":10254.27},{"text":"elaborar","start":10254.27,"end":10254.85},{"text":"un","start":10254.95,"end":10255.1},{"text":"instrumento","start":10255.1,"end":10255.1},{"text":"jurídicamente","start":10255.1,"end":10256.23},{"text":"vinculante","start":10256.23,"end":10256.83},{"text":"sobre","start":10256.83,"end":10257.19},{"text":"protección","start":10257.26,"end":10257.88},{"text":"de","start":10257.89,"end":10257.96},{"text":"las","start":10257.97,"end":10258.11},{"text":"personas","start":10258.11,"end":10258.54},{"text":"en","start":10258.54,"end":10258.64},{"text":"casos","start":10258.64,"end":10258.93},{"text":"de","start":10258.95,"end":10259.05},{"text":"desastre","start":10259.05,"end":10259.54}]},{"text":"En su calidad de delegación líder en esta discusión, Colombia considera que ambos procesos ofrecen una oportunidad para fortalecer la protección internacional de las personas afectadas y promover respuestas jurídicas frente a situaciones de vulnerabilidad creciente.","start":10260.08,"end":10274.39,"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."}],"words":[{"text":"En","start":10260.08,"end":10260.22},{"text":"su","start":10260.22,"end":10260.34},{"text":"calidad","start":10260.34,"end":10260.7},{"text":"de","start":10260.7,"end":10260.79},{"text":"delegación","start":10260.79,"end":10261.4},{"text":"líder","start":10261.4,"end":10261.74},{"text":"en","start":10261.74,"end":10261.88},{"text":"esta","start":10261.88,"end":10262.13},{"text":"discusión","start":10262.14,"end":10262.77},{"text":"Colombia","start":10263.15,"end":10263.57},{"text":"considera","start":10263.57,"end":10264.08},{"text":"que","start":10264.08,"end":10264.25},{"text":"ambos","start":10264.26,"end":10264.53},{"text":"procesos","start":10264.54,"end":10265.13},{"text":"ofrecen","start":10265.13,"end":10265.63},{"text":"una","start":10265.63,"end":10265.79},{"text":"oportunidad","start":10265.79,"end":10266.43},{"text":"para","start":10266.43,"end":10266.66},{"text":"fortalecer","start":10266.66,"end":10267.23},{"text":"la","start":10267.23,"end":10267.35},{"text":"protección","start":10267.36,"end":10267.85},{"text":"internacional","start":10267.85,"end":10268.44},{"text":"de","start":10268.44,"end":10268.53},{"text":"las","start":10268.53,"end":10268.69},{"text":"personas","start":10268.71,"end":10269.21},{"text":"afectadas","start":10269.23,"end":10269.91},{"text":"y","start":10270.35,"end":10270.4},{"text":"promover","start":10270.49,"end":10270.91},{"text":"respuestas","start":10270.91,"end":10271.51},{"text":"jurídicas","start":10271.51,"end":10272.07},{"text":"frente","start":10272.07,"end":10272.39},{"text":"a","start":10272.39,"end":10272.44},{"text":"situaciones","start":10272.44,"end":10272.97},{"text":"de","start":10272.97,"end":10273.07},{"text":"vulnerabilidad","start":10273.07,"end":10273.85},{"text":"creciente","start":10273.87,"end":10274.39}]},{"text":"Señora presidente, sobre el tema de inmunidad de los funcionarios estatales frente a jurisdicción penal extranjera, Colombia agradece a la CDI y al relator especial señor Claudio Grossman por su labor.","start":10275.08,"end":10285.65,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Señora","start":10275.08,"end":10275.44},{"text":"presidente","start":10275.44,"end":10276.04},{"text":"sobre","start":10276.12,"end":10276.37},{"text":"el","start":10276.39,"end":10276.5},{"text":"tema","start":10276.5,"end":10276.82},{"text":"de","start":10276.82,"end":10276.87},{"text":"inmunidad","start":10276.87,"end":10277.23},{"text":"de","start":10277.23,"end":10277.36},{"text":"los","start":10277.36,"end":10277.52},{"text":"funcionarios","start":10277.52,"end":10278.04},{"text":"estatales","start":10278.04,"end":10278.55},{"text":"frente","start":10278.55,"end":10278.81},{"text":"a","start":10278.81,"end":10278.83},{"text":"jurisdicción","start":10278.83,"end":10279.41},{"text":"penal","start":10279.41,"end":10279.75},{"text":"extranjera","start":10279.75,"end":10280.33},{"text":"Colombia","start":10280.78,"end":10281.16},{"text":"agradece","start":10281.19,"end":10281.66},{"text":"a","start":10281.67,"end":10281.74},{"text":"la","start":10281.75,"end":10281.88},{"text":"CDI","start":10281.88,"end":10282.42},{"text":"y","start":10282.42,"end":10282.56},{"text":"al","start":10282.56,"end":10282.66},{"text":"relator","start":10282.66,"end":10283.1},{"text":"especial","start":10283.11,"end":10283.16},{"text":"señor","start":10283.83,"end":10284.18},{"text":"Claudio","start":10284.18,"end":10284.58},{"text":"Grossman","start":10284.58,"end":10285},{"text":"por","start":10285,"end":10285.17},{"text":"su","start":10285.17,"end":10285.28},{"text":"labor","start":10285.31,"end":10285.65}]},{"text":"Consideramos que el régimen de inmunidades debe preservar el equilibrio entre el principio de igualdad soberana de los estados, el ejercicio legítimo de la jurisdicción penal y la necesidad de evitar la impunidad por los crímenes más graves de trascendencia internacional.","start":10286.23,"end":10301.09,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Consideramos","start":10286.23,"end":10286.91},{"text":"que","start":10286.91,"end":10287.03},{"text":"el","start":10287.03,"end":10287.11},{"text":"régimen","start":10287.11,"end":10287.56},{"text":"de","start":10287.58,"end":10287.63},{"text":"inmunidades","start":10287.63,"end":10288.24},{"text":"debe","start":10288.24,"end":10288.46},{"text":"preservar","start":10288.46,"end":10288.98},{"text":"el","start":10288.98,"end":10289.11},{"text":"equilibrio","start":10289.11,"end":10289.55},{"text":"entre","start":10289.55,"end":10289.75},{"text":"el","start":10289.75,"end":10289.81},{"text":"principio","start":10289.81,"end":10290.27},{"text":"de","start":10290.27,"end":10290.31},{"text":"igualdad","start":10290.31,"end":10290.83},{"text":"soberana","start":10290.83,"end":10291.42},{"text":"de","start":10291.75,"end":10291.92},{"text":"los","start":10291.92,"end":10292.12},{"text":"estados","start":10292.12,"end":10292.75},{"text":"el","start":10292.99,"end":10293.2},{"text":"ejercicio","start":10293.21,"end":10293.66},{"text":"legítimo","start":10293.67,"end":10294.16},{"text":"de","start":10294.16,"end":10294.24},{"text":"la","start":10294.25,"end":10294.35},{"text":"jurisdicción","start":10294.35,"end":10294.94},{"text":"penal","start":10294.95,"end":10295.39},{"text":"y","start":10295.97,"end":10296.15},{"text":"la","start":10296.15,"end":10296.28},{"text":"necesidad","start":10296.28,"end":10296.96},{"text":"de","start":10296.96,"end":10297.15},{"text":"evitar","start":10297.16,"end":10297.64},{"text":"la","start":10297.64,"end":10297.77},{"text":"impunidad","start":10297.77,"end":10298.39},{"text":"por","start":10298.39,"end":10298.53},{"text":"los","start":10298.55,"end":10298.71},{"text":"crímenes","start":10298.71,"end":10299.12},{"text":"más","start":10299.12,"end":10299.31},{"text":"graves","start":10299.31,"end":10299.6},{"text":"de","start":10299.61,"end":10299.73},{"text":"trascendencia","start":10299.73,"end":10300.34},{"text":"internacional","start":10300.37,"end":10301.09}]},{"text":"En este sentido reiteramos la importancia de distinguir entre inmunidad, racione persona y la humanidad, ración en materia.","start":10302.51,"end":10308.89,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"En","start":10302.51,"end":10302.71},{"text":"este","start":10302.71,"end":10302.97},{"text":"sentido","start":10302.97,"end":10303.52},{"text":"reiteramos","start":10303.79,"end":10304.33},{"text":"la","start":10304.34,"end":10304.42},{"text":"importancia","start":10304.45,"end":10304.99},{"text":"de","start":10304.99,"end":10305.1},{"text":"distinguir","start":10305.12,"end":10305.55},{"text":"entre","start":10305.56,"end":10305.79},{"text":"inmunidad","start":10305.79,"end":10306.21},{"text":"racione","start":10306.29,"end":10306.73},{"text":"persona","start":10306.74,"end":10307.31},{"text":"y","start":10307.31,"end":10307.39},{"text":"la","start":10307.4,"end":10307.5},{"text":"humanidad","start":10307.5,"end":10307.96},{"text":"ración","start":10307.98,"end":10308.37},{"text":"en","start":10308.38,"end":10308.43},{"text":"materia","start":10308.44,"end":10308.89}]},{"text":"Así mismo subrayamos que la inmunidad tiene carácter procesal y no debe confundirse con la responsabilidad penal individual.","start":10309.45,"end":10317.16,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Así","start":10309.45,"end":10309.73},{"text":"mismo","start":10309.73,"end":10310.12},{"text":"subrayamos","start":10310.43,"end":10311.19},{"text":"que","start":10311.19,"end":10311.35},{"text":"la","start":10311.35,"end":10311.47},{"text":"inmunidad","start":10311.48,"end":10311.92},{"text":"tiene","start":10311.95,"end":10312.19},{"text":"carácter","start":10312.19,"end":10312.63},{"text":"procesal","start":10312.63,"end":10313.37},{"text":"y","start":10313.38,"end":10313.57},{"text":"no","start":10313.57,"end":10313.76},{"text":"debe","start":10313.8,"end":10313.97},{"text":"confundirse","start":10313.99,"end":10314.73},{"text":"con","start":10314.73,"end":10314.91},{"text":"la","start":10314.91,"end":10315.02},{"text":"responsabilidad","start":10315.04,"end":10315.76},{"text":"penal","start":10315.79,"end":10316.22},{"text":"individual","start":10316.51,"end":10317.16}]},{"text":"En relación con el artículo seis relativo a los crímenes de derecho internacional respecto a los cuales se le aplica la humanidad, ración y materia Colombia destaca la importancia que el proyecto contribuye a prevenir la impunidad por conductas que afectan gravemente a la comunidad internacional.","start":10317.96,"end":10333.43,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"En","start":10317.96,"end":10318.1},{"text":"relación","start":10318.1,"end":10318.46},{"text":"con","start":10318.46,"end":10318.59},{"text":"el","start":10318.59,"end":10318.67},{"text":"artículo","start":10318.67,"end":10319.15},{"text":"seis","start":10319.15,"end":10319.6},{"text":"relativo","start":10320.03,"end":10320.45},{"text":"a","start":10320.45,"end":10320.49},{"text":"los","start":10320.49,"end":10320.62},{"text":"crímenes","start":10320.63,"end":10320.97},{"text":"de","start":10320.97,"end":10320.97},{"text":"derecho","start":10321.09,"end":10321.31},{"text":"internacional","start":10321.31,"end":10321.91},{"text":"respecto","start":10321.91,"end":10322.56},{"text":"a","start":10322.59,"end":10322.84},{"text":"los","start":10322.84,"end":10322.99},{"text":"cuales","start":10322.99,"end":10323.23},{"text":"se","start":10323.26,"end":10323.31},{"text":"le","start":10323.31,"end":10323.62},{"text":"aplica","start":10323.67,"end":10324.11},{"text":"la","start":10324.11,"end":10324.19},{"text":"humanidad","start":10324.19,"end":10324.79},{"text":"ración","start":10324.81,"end":10325.14},{"text":"y","start":10325.14,"end":10325.19},{"text":"materia","start":10325.19,"end":10325.68},{"text":"Colombia","start":10326.55,"end":10327},{"text":"destaca","start":10327,"end":10327.41},{"text":"la","start":10327.42,"end":10327.51},{"text":"importancia","start":10327.51,"end":10328.19},{"text":"que","start":10328.19,"end":10328.35},{"text":"el","start":10328.35,"end":10328.43},{"text":"proyecto","start":10328.43,"end":10328.86},{"text":"contribuye","start":10328.86,"end":10329.34},{"text":"a","start":10329.34,"end":10329.39},{"text":"prevenir","start":10329.4,"end":10329.86},{"text":"la","start":10329.86,"end":10329.95},{"text":"impunidad","start":10329.95,"end":10330.39},{"text":"por","start":10330.39,"end":10330.59},{"text":"conductas","start":10330.59,"end":10331.1},{"text":"que","start":10331.1,"end":10331.18},{"text":"afectan","start":10331.19,"end":10331.62},{"text":"gravemente","start":10331.63,"end":10332.15},{"text":"a","start":10332.15,"end":10332.19},{"text":"la","start":10332.19,"end":10332.29},{"text":"comunidad","start":10332.29,"end":10332.67},{"text":"internacional","start":10332.67,"end":10333.43}]},{"text":"Consideramos fundamental que el alcance de la disposición examine a la luz de las normas de derecho internacional aplicables la práctica de los estados y la opinión iuris.","start":10333.99,"end":10344.25,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Consideramos","start":10333.99,"end":10334.75},{"text":"fundamental","start":10334.75,"end":10335.38},{"text":"que","start":10335.38,"end":10335.38},{"text":"el","start":10335.48,"end":10335.55},{"text":"alcance","start":10335.55,"end":10335.88},{"text":"de","start":10335.88,"end":10335.94},{"text":"la","start":10335.94,"end":10336.04},{"text":"disposición","start":10336.04,"end":10336.79},{"text":"examine","start":10336.83,"end":10337.57},{"text":"a","start":10338.03,"end":10338.19},{"text":"la","start":10338.19,"end":10338.35},{"text":"luz","start":10338.35,"end":10338.53},{"text":"de","start":10338.53,"end":10338.62},{"text":"las","start":10338.62,"end":10338.76},{"text":"normas","start":10338.76,"end":10339.07},{"text":"de","start":10339.09,"end":10339.21},{"text":"derecho","start":10339.23,"end":10339.4},{"text":"internacional","start":10339.4,"end":10339.97},{"text":"aplicables","start":10339.98,"end":10340.72},{"text":"la","start":10341.08,"end":10341.27},{"text":"práctica","start":10341.27,"end":10341.71},{"text":"de","start":10341.74,"end":10341.77},{"text":"los","start":10341.77,"end":10341.92},{"text":"estados","start":10341.93,"end":10342.46},{"text":"y","start":10342.83,"end":10342.97},{"text":"la","start":10342.97,"end":10343.1},{"text":"opinión","start":10343.51,"end":10343.86},{"text":"iuris","start":10343.86,"end":10344.25}]},{"text":"Distinguiendo cuidadosamente la codificación del derecho internacional consuetudinario y su desarrollo progresivo.","start":10344.61,"end":10351.11,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Distinguiendo","start":10344.61,"end":10345.35},{"text":"cuidadosamente","start":10345.35,"end":10346.03},{"text":"la","start":10346.13,"end":10346.26},{"text":"codificación","start":10346.27,"end":10346.95},{"text":"del","start":10346.95,"end":10347.08},{"text":"derecho","start":10347.08,"end":10347.35},{"text":"internacional","start":10347.79,"end":10348.42},{"text":"consuetudinario","start":10348.43,"end":10349.3},{"text":"y","start":10349.68,"end":10349.83},{"text":"su","start":10349.83,"end":10349.96},{"text":"desarrollo","start":10350.11,"end":10350.5},{"text":"progresivo","start":10350.5,"end":10351.11}]},{"text":"Colombia destaca además que la determinación de la aplicabilidad de la inmunidad debe estar acompañada de garantías procesales.","start":10352.15,"end":10358.41,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Colombia","start":10352.15,"end":10352.55},{"text":"destaca","start":10352.55,"end":10353.05},{"text":"además","start":10353.06,"end":10353.59},{"text":"que","start":10353.59,"end":10353.71},{"text":"la","start":10353.71,"end":10353.85},{"text":"determinación","start":10353.86,"end":10354.54},{"text":"de","start":10354.55,"end":10354.63},{"text":"la","start":10354.64,"end":10354.71},{"text":"aplicabilidad","start":10354.71,"end":10355.37},{"text":"de","start":10355.37,"end":10355.45},{"text":"la","start":10355.45,"end":10355.51},{"text":"inmunidad","start":10355.54,"end":10356.02},{"text":"debe","start":10356.02,"end":10356.19},{"text":"estar","start":10356.19,"end":10356.43},{"text":"acompañada","start":10356.46,"end":10357},{"text":"de","start":10357.03,"end":10357.07},{"text":"garantías","start":10357.09,"end":10357.62},{"text":"procesales","start":10357.62,"end":10358.41}]},{"text":"Valoramos el artículo 13 del proyecto el cual exige que las autoridades competentes tengan un nivel suficientemente alto, que exista razones sustanciales para creer que el funcionario cometió alguno de los crímenes enumerados y que se consideren las actuaciones o intenciones de otras autoridades o tribunales respecto al ejercicio de la jurisdicción penal.","start":10359.16,"end":10379.1,"topics":[{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."}],"words":[{"text":"Valoramos","start":10359.16,"end":10359.97},{"text":"el","start":10360.03,"end":10360.15},{"text":"artículo","start":10360.15,"end":10360.64},{"text":"13","start":10360.64,"end":10360.9},{"text":"del","start":10360.91,"end":10361.06},{"text":"proyecto","start":10361.06,"end":10361.39},{"text":"el","start":10362.03,"end":10362.23},{"text":"cual","start":10362.23,"end":10362.43},{"text":"exige","start":10362.43,"end":10362.75},{"text":"que","start":10362.75,"end":10362.86},{"text":"las","start":10362.86,"end":10363.03},{"text":"autoridades","start":10363.03,"end":10363.5},{"text":"competentes","start":10363.5,"end":10364.16},{"text":"tengan","start":10364.18,"end":10364.59},{"text":"un","start":10364.59,"end":10364.71},{"text":"nivel","start":10364.73,"end":10364.98},{"text":"suficientemente","start":10364.98,"end":10366.34},{"text":"alto","start":10366.34,"end":10366.74},{"text":"que","start":10367.15,"end":10367.24},{"text":"exista","start":10367.24,"end":10367.62},{"text":"razones","start":10367.62,"end":10368},{"text":"sustanciales","start":10368.03,"end":10368.65},{"text":"para","start":10368.66,"end":10368.87},{"text":"creer","start":10368.88,"end":10369.16},{"text":"que","start":10369.16,"end":10369.27},{"text":"el","start":10369.27,"end":10369.34},{"text":"funcionario","start":10369.34,"end":10369.91},{"text":"cometió","start":10369.92,"end":10370.53},{"text":"alguno","start":10370.53,"end":10370.79},{"text":"de","start":10370.83,"end":10370.87},{"text":"los","start":10370.88,"end":10371.04},{"text":"crímenes","start":10371.05,"end":10371.41},{"text":"enumerados","start":10371.42,"end":10371.99},{"text":"y","start":10372.51,"end":10372.63},{"text":"que","start":10372.63,"end":10372.76},{"text":"se","start":10372.76,"end":10372.9},{"text":"consideren","start":10372.9,"end":10373.39},{"text":"las","start":10373.39,"end":10373.55},{"text":"actuaciones","start":10373.55,"end":10374.23},{"text":"o","start":10374.27,"end":10374.42},{"text":"intenciones","start":10374.44,"end":10375.23},{"text":"de","start":10375.23,"end":10375.34},{"text":"otras","start":10375.34,"end":10375.66},{"text":"autoridades","start":10375.66,"end":10376.3},{"text":"o","start":10376.32,"end":10376.42},{"text":"tribunales","start":10376.42,"end":10376.87},{"text":"respecto","start":10376.88,"end":10377.34},{"text":"al","start":10377.34,"end":10377.45},{"text":"ejercicio","start":10377.47,"end":10377.95},{"text":"de","start":10377.95,"end":10378.06},{"text":"la","start":10378.06,"end":10378.17},{"text":"jurisdicción","start":10378.17,"end":10378.71},{"text":"penal","start":10378.73,"end":10379.1}]},{"text":"Señora presidente, sobre el tema de principios generales del derecho Colombia felicita al relator especial señor Marcelo Vázquez Bermúdez por su labor y la y a la CDI por la adopción de la segunda lectura de los 12 proyectos de conclusión junto con sus comentarios.","start":10380.22,"end":10395.54,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Señora","start":10380.22,"end":10380.58},{"text":"presidente","start":10380.58,"end":10381.24},{"text":"sobre","start":10381.5,"end":10381.78},{"text":"el","start":10381.78,"end":10381.86},{"text":"tema","start":10381.86,"end":10382.09},{"text":"de","start":10382.1,"end":10382.17},{"text":"principios","start":10382.17,"end":10382.62},{"text":"generales","start":10382.63,"end":10383.02},{"text":"del","start":10383.02,"end":10383.15},{"text":"derecho","start":10383.15,"end":10383.59},{"text":"Colombia","start":10383.75,"end":10384.3},{"text":"felicita","start":10384.39,"end":10385.02},{"text":"al","start":10385.02,"end":10385.11},{"text":"relator","start":10385.12,"end":10385.54},{"text":"especial","start":10385.58,"end":10386.22},{"text":"señor","start":10386.22,"end":10386.55},{"text":"Marcelo","start":10386.55,"end":10387.02},{"text":"Vázquez","start":10387.02,"end":10387.38},{"text":"Bermúdez","start":10387.39,"end":10387.91},{"text":"por","start":10388.35,"end":10388.53},{"text":"su","start":10388.53,"end":10388.67},{"text":"labor","start":10388.67,"end":10389.18},{"text":"y","start":10389.18,"end":10389.36},{"text":"la","start":10389.36,"end":10389.5},{"text":"y","start":10390.1,"end":10390.33},{"text":"a","start":10390.34,"end":10390.42},{"text":"la","start":10390.42,"end":10390.55},{"text":"CDI","start":10390.55,"end":10390.92},{"text":"por","start":10390.92,"end":10391.07},{"text":"la","start":10391.1,"end":10391.19},{"text":"adopción","start":10391.19,"end":10391.47},{"text":"de","start":10391.47,"end":10391.57},{"text":"la","start":10391.57,"end":10391.68},{"text":"segunda","start":10391.68,"end":10392.04},{"text":"lectura","start":10392.11,"end":10392.57},{"text":"de","start":10392.57,"end":10392.64},{"text":"los","start":10392.65,"end":10392.81},{"text":"12","start":10392.82,"end":10393.02},{"text":"proyectos","start":10393.02,"end":10393.46},{"text":"de","start":10393.46,"end":10393.56},{"text":"conclusión","start":10393.56,"end":10394.14},{"text":"junto","start":10394.14,"end":10394.46},{"text":"con","start":10394.46,"end":10394.64},{"text":"sus","start":10394.65,"end":10394.83},{"text":"comentarios","start":10394.84,"end":10395.54}]},{"text":"La delegación colombiana reconoce el trabajo de sistematización realizado por la comisión que contribuya a clarificar la naturaleza, la identificación y las funciones de los principios generales del derecho como fuente del derecho internacional de conformidad con el artículo 38 del estatuto de la Corte Internacional de Justicia.","start":10396.14,"end":10413.27,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"La","start":10396.14,"end":10396.27},{"text":"delegación","start":10396.33,"end":10396.73},{"text":"colombiana","start":10396.73,"end":10397.13},{"text":"reconoce","start":10397.13,"end":10397.74},{"text":"el","start":10397.74,"end":10397.83},{"text":"trabajo","start":10397.84,"end":10398.22},{"text":"de","start":10398.22,"end":10398.35},{"text":"sistematización","start":10398.37,"end":10399.29},{"text":"realizado","start":10399.29,"end":10399.71},{"text":"por","start":10399.71,"end":10399.86},{"text":"la","start":10399.86,"end":10399.98},{"text":"comisión","start":10399.98,"end":10400.41},{"text":"que","start":10400.82,"end":10400.98},{"text":"contribuya","start":10400.98,"end":10401.62},{"text":"a","start":10401.62,"end":10401.7},{"text":"clarificar","start":10401.7,"end":10402.3},{"text":"la","start":10402.3,"end":10402.38},{"text":"naturaleza","start":10402.38,"end":10403.15},{"text":"la","start":10403.54,"end":10403.69},{"text":"identificación","start":10403.7,"end":10404.59},{"text":"y","start":10404.59,"end":10404.72},{"text":"las","start":10404.72,"end":10404.91},{"text":"funciones","start":10404.91,"end":10405.36},{"text":"de","start":10405.36,"end":10405.46},{"text":"los","start":10405.46,"end":10405.62},{"text":"principios","start":10405.62,"end":10406.14},{"text":"generales","start":10406.14,"end":10406.69},{"text":"del","start":10406.69,"end":10406.82},{"text":"derecho","start":10406.82,"end":10407.25},{"text":"como","start":10407.25,"end":10407.53},{"text":"fuente","start":10407.54,"end":10407.94},{"text":"del","start":10407.95,"end":10408.16},{"text":"derecho","start":10408.17,"end":10408.47},{"text":"internacional","start":10408.47,"end":10409.17},{"text":"de","start":10409.17,"end":10409.3},{"text":"conformidad","start":10409.3,"end":10409.79},{"text":"con","start":10409.79,"end":10409.97},{"text":"el","start":10409.97,"end":10410.02},{"text":"artículo","start":10410.02,"end":10410.47},{"text":"38","start":10410.47,"end":10411.1},{"text":"del","start":10411.1,"end":10411.23},{"text":"estatuto","start":10411.23,"end":10411.66},{"text":"de","start":10411.66,"end":10411.74},{"text":"la","start":10411.75,"end":10411.87},{"text":"Corte","start":10411.87,"end":10412.14},{"text":"Internacional","start":10412.14,"end":10412.66},{"text":"de","start":10412.66,"end":10412.74},{"text":"Justicia","start":10412.74,"end":10413.27}]},{"text":"Colombia reitera sus inquietudes respecto a la distinción entre las dos categorías de principios generales del derecho en el proyecto de conclusión tres.","start":10414.74,"end":10422.17,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"Colombia","start":10414.74,"end":10415.19},{"text":"reitera","start":10415.19,"end":10415.56},{"text":"sus","start":10415.56,"end":10415.74},{"text":"inquietudes","start":10415.74,"end":10416.28},{"text":"respecto","start":10416.3,"end":10416.7},{"text":"a","start":10416.7,"end":10416.72},{"text":"la","start":10416.73,"end":10416.82},{"text":"distinción","start":10416.82,"end":10417.28},{"text":"entre","start":10417.28,"end":10417.55},{"text":"las","start":10417.65,"end":10417.85},{"text":"dos","start":10417.86,"end":10418},{"text":"categorías","start":10418,"end":10418.54},{"text":"de","start":10418.54,"end":10418.65},{"text":"principios","start":10418.65,"end":10419.1},{"text":"generales","start":10419.1,"end":10419.49},{"text":"del","start":10419.5,"end":10419.63},{"text":"derecho","start":10419.74,"end":10420.08},{"text":"en","start":10420.51,"end":10420.71},{"text":"el","start":10420.71,"end":10420.79},{"text":"proyecto","start":10420.79,"end":10421.15},{"text":"de","start":10421.15,"end":10421.22},{"text":"conclusión","start":10421.22,"end":10421.78},{"text":"tres","start":10421.78,"end":10422.17}]},{"text":"En particular consideramos que la identificación de los principios se forman en el sistema jurídico internacional requiere criterios suficientemente claros y rigurosos que permitan delimitar su alcance y distinguirlos del derecho internacional consuetudinario.","start":10422.99,"end":10436.14,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"En","start":10422.99,"end":10423.11},{"text":"particular","start":10423.11,"end":10423.66},{"text":"consideramos","start":10423.66,"end":10424.37},{"text":"que","start":10424.61,"end":10424.75},{"text":"la","start":10424.76,"end":10424.86},{"text":"identificación","start":10424.87,"end":10425.45},{"text":"de","start":10425.45,"end":10425.53},{"text":"los","start":10425.54,"end":10425.67},{"text":"principios","start":10425.67,"end":10426.18},{"text":"se","start":10426.18,"end":10426.32},{"text":"forman","start":10426.33,"end":10426.78},{"text":"en","start":10426.78,"end":10426.94},{"text":"el","start":10426.96,"end":10427.04},{"text":"sistema","start":10427.04,"end":10427.42},{"text":"jurídico","start":10427.42,"end":10427.82},{"text":"internacional","start":10427.82,"end":10428.48},{"text":"requiere","start":10428.48,"end":10428.96},{"text":"criterios","start":10428.97,"end":10429.44},{"text":"suficientemente","start":10429.44,"end":10430.33},{"text":"claros","start":10430.33,"end":10430.75},{"text":"y","start":10430.75,"end":10430.9},{"text":"rigurosos","start":10430.9,"end":10431.5},{"text":"que","start":10431.98,"end":10432.12},{"text":"permitan","start":10432.13,"end":10432.56},{"text":"delimitar","start":10432.56,"end":10433.06},{"text":"su","start":10433.06,"end":10433.15},{"text":"alcance","start":10433.16,"end":10433.58},{"text":"y","start":10433.58,"end":10433.66},{"text":"distinguirlos","start":10433.67,"end":10433.69},{"text":"del","start":10433.69,"end":10434.47},{"text":"derecho","start":10434.47,"end":10434.76},{"text":"internacional","start":10434.76,"end":10435.34},{"text":"consuetudinario","start":10435.34,"end":10436.14}]},{"text":"Colombia reitera su disposición a contribuir constructivamente a los trabajos de la 6.ª comisión con miras a favorecer una comprensión rigurosa de los principios generales del derecho y de su función en el ordenamiento jurídico internacional.","start":10437.43,"end":10449.66,"topics":[{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."}],"words":[{"text":"Colombia","start":10437.43,"end":10437.82},{"text":"reitera","start":10437.83,"end":10438.22},{"text":"su","start":10438.23,"end":10438.37},{"text":"disposición","start":10438.37,"end":10438.94},{"text":"a","start":10438.94,"end":10439.01},{"text":"contribuir","start":10439.01,"end":10439.41},{"text":"constructivamente","start":10439.47,"end":10440.34},{"text":"a","start":10440.34,"end":10440.38},{"text":"los","start":10440.38,"end":10440.51},{"text":"trabajos","start":10440.52,"end":10440.81},{"text":"de","start":10440.82,"end":10440.92},{"text":"la","start":10440.92,"end":10441.04},{"text":"6.ª","start":10441.04,"end":10441.38},{"text":"comisión","start":10441.38,"end":10441.9},{"text":"con","start":10442.18,"end":10442.38},{"text":"miras","start":10442.38,"end":10442.75},{"text":"a","start":10442.78,"end":10442.91},{"text":"favorecer","start":10442.91,"end":10443.5},{"text":"una","start":10443.5,"end":10443.68},{"text":"comprensión","start":10443.68,"end":10444.32},{"text":"rigurosa","start":10444.32,"end":10444.84},{"text":"de","start":10444.85,"end":10444.87},{"text":"los","start":10444.87,"end":10445.04},{"text":"principios","start":10445.05,"end":10445.5},{"text":"generales","start":10445.5,"end":10445.96},{"text":"del","start":10445.96,"end":10446.1},{"text":"derecho","start":10446.1,"end":10446.54},{"text":"y","start":10446.82,"end":10446.92},{"text":"de","start":10446.94,"end":10447.02},{"text":"su","start":10447.02,"end":10447.22},{"text":"función","start":10447.22,"end":10447.76},{"text":"en","start":10447.76,"end":10447.9},{"text":"el","start":10447.9,"end":10448.02},{"text":"ordenamiento","start":10448.02,"end":10448.46},{"text":"jurídico","start":10448.46,"end":10448.93},{"text":"internacional","start":10448.93,"end":10449.66}]},{"text":"Señora presidente, sobre las otras decisiones y conclusiones mi delegación acoge favorablemente la inclusión en el programa de trabajo de la comisión, el tema sobre las obligaciones erga ovnes.","start":10450.46,"end":10461.63,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Señora","start":10450.46,"end":10450.81},{"text":"presidente","start":10450.81,"end":10451.46},{"text":"sobre","start":10451.79,"end":10452.11},{"text":"las","start":10452.11,"end":10452.29},{"text":"otras","start":10452.29,"end":10452.61},{"text":"decisiones","start":10452.77,"end":10453.3},{"text":"y","start":10453.3,"end":10453.5},{"text":"conclusiones","start":10453.5,"end":10454.31},{"text":"mi","start":10454.62,"end":10454.73},{"text":"delegación","start":10454.78,"end":10455.26},{"text":"acoge","start":10455.26,"end":10455.67},{"text":"favorablemente","start":10455.68,"end":10456.47},{"text":"la","start":10456.48,"end":10456.58},{"text":"inclusión","start":10456.58,"end":10457.21},{"text":"en","start":10457.22,"end":10457.42},{"text":"el","start":10457.42,"end":10457.53},{"text":"programa","start":10457.53,"end":10458.02},{"text":"de","start":10458.02,"end":10458.11},{"text":"trabajo","start":10458.13,"end":10458.46},{"text":"de","start":10458.46,"end":10458.54},{"text":"la","start":10458.54,"end":10458.66},{"text":"comisión","start":10458.66,"end":10459.26},{"text":"el","start":10459.3,"end":10459.47},{"text":"tema","start":10459.47,"end":10459.74},{"text":"sobre","start":10459.74,"end":10459.98},{"text":"las","start":10459.99,"end":10460.16},{"text":"obligaciones","start":10460.17,"end":10460.84},{"text":"erga","start":10460.9,"end":10461.22},{"text":"ovnes","start":10461.22,"end":10461.63}]},{"text":"De igual manera toma nota de la inclusión del tema sobre la regulación del derecho internacional de las inversiones en el programa de trabajo a largo plazo de la comisión.","start":10462.23,"end":10471.25,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"De","start":10462.23,"end":10462.35},{"text":"igual","start":10462.35,"end":10462.59},{"text":"manera","start":10462.61,"end":10463.07},{"text":"toma","start":10463.4,"end":10463.7},{"text":"nota","start":10463.7,"end":10463.98},{"text":"de","start":10463.98,"end":10464.04},{"text":"la","start":10464.04,"end":10464.18},{"text":"inclusión","start":10464.18,"end":10464.69},{"text":"del","start":10464.69,"end":10464.85},{"text":"tema","start":10464.85,"end":10465.15},{"text":"sobre","start":10465.15,"end":10465.37},{"text":"la","start":10465.4,"end":10465.5},{"text":"regulación","start":10465.5,"end":10466.05},{"text":"del","start":10466.06,"end":10466.2},{"text":"derecho","start":10466.2,"end":10466.5},{"text":"internacional","start":10466.5,"end":10467.22},{"text":"de","start":10467.22,"end":10467.31},{"text":"las","start":10467.31,"end":10467.51},{"text":"inversiones","start":10467.51,"end":10468.2},{"text":"en","start":10468.47,"end":10468.71},{"text":"el","start":10468.71,"end":10468.82},{"text":"programa","start":10468.82,"end":10469.26},{"text":"de","start":10469.27,"end":10469.36},{"text":"trabajo","start":10469.36,"end":10469.84},{"text":"a","start":10469.84,"end":10469.9},{"text":"largo","start":10469.9,"end":10470.18},{"text":"plazo","start":10470.19,"end":10470.54},{"text":"de","start":10470.54,"end":10470.6},{"text":"la","start":10470.6,"end":10470.71},{"text":"comisión","start":10470.73,"end":10471.25}]},{"text":"Reconocemos la importancia de que la selección de nuevos temas responda a las necesidades de los estados en materia de desarrollo progresivo y codificación del derecho internacional y tenga debidamente en cuenta la práctica estatal pertinente así como la viabilidad y el alcance de los trabajos propuestos.","start":10472.43,"end":10489.79,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Reconocemos","start":10472.43,"end":10473.16},{"text":"la","start":10473.16,"end":10473.23},{"text":"importancia","start":10473.23,"end":10473.94},{"text":"de","start":10474.39,"end":10474.58},{"text":"que","start":10474.58,"end":10474.71},{"text":"la","start":10474.71,"end":10474.84},{"text":"selección","start":10474.84,"end":10475.25},{"text":"de","start":10475.26,"end":10475.34},{"text":"nuevos","start":10475.35,"end":10475.62},{"text":"temas","start":10475.62,"end":10475.94},{"text":"responda","start":10475.94,"end":10476.58},{"text":"a","start":10476.58,"end":10476.63},{"text":"las","start":10476.63,"end":10476.79},{"text":"necesidades","start":10476.81,"end":10477.54},{"text":"de","start":10477.57,"end":10477.62},{"text":"los","start":10477.62,"end":10477.83},{"text":"estados","start":10477.83,"end":10478.4},{"text":"en","start":10478.42,"end":10478.6},{"text":"materia","start":10478.6,"end":10479.06},{"text":"de","start":10479.06,"end":10479.14},{"text":"desarrollo","start":10479.34,"end":10479.69},{"text":"progresivo","start":10479.69,"end":10480.38},{"text":"y","start":10480.82,"end":10480.96},{"text":"codificación","start":10480.96,"end":10481.61},{"text":"del","start":10481.63,"end":10481.7},{"text":"derecho","start":10481.7,"end":10482},{"text":"internacional","start":10482,"end":10482.69},{"text":"y","start":10482.95,"end":10483.11},{"text":"tenga","start":10483.11,"end":10483.4},{"text":"debidamente","start":10483.5,"end":10483.54},{"text":"en","start":10483.54,"end":10484.27},{"text":"cuenta","start":10484.28,"end":10484.7},{"text":"la","start":10484.7,"end":10484.86},{"text":"práctica","start":10484.86,"end":10485.33},{"text":"estatal","start":10485.33,"end":10485.79},{"text":"pertinente","start":10485.79,"end":10486.5},{"text":"así","start":10486.54,"end":10486.83},{"text":"como","start":10486.83,"end":10487.06},{"text":"la","start":10487.06,"end":10487.2},{"text":"viabilidad","start":10487.2,"end":10487.86},{"text":"y","start":10487.86,"end":10487.94},{"text":"el","start":10487.94,"end":10488.02},{"text":"alcance","start":10488.03,"end":10488.42},{"text":"de","start":10488.42,"end":10488.5},{"text":"los","start":10488.5,"end":10488.64},{"text":"trabajos","start":10488.66,"end":10489.18},{"text":"propuestos","start":10489.18,"end":10489.79}]},{"text":"Por ello reiteramos la importancia de mantener un diálogo sustantivo entre la CDI y los estados a través de la 6.ª comisión.","start":10490.19,"end":10497.62,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Por","start":10490.19,"end":10490.36},{"text":"ello","start":10490.36,"end":10490.64},{"text":"reiteramos","start":10490.66,"end":10491.24},{"text":"la","start":10491.24,"end":10491.34},{"text":"importancia","start":10491.34,"end":10491.9},{"text":"de","start":10491.9,"end":10491.98},{"text":"mantener","start":10491.98,"end":10492.45},{"text":"un","start":10492.46,"end":10492.63},{"text":"diálogo","start":10492.66,"end":10493.05},{"text":"sustantivo","start":10493.05,"end":10493.78},{"text":"entre","start":10493.81,"end":10494.14},{"text":"la","start":10494.15,"end":10494.32},{"text":"CDI","start":10494.32,"end":10494.88},{"text":"y","start":10495.22,"end":10495.38},{"text":"los","start":10495.4,"end":10495.58},{"text":"estados","start":10495.58,"end":10496.11},{"text":"a","start":10496.11,"end":10496.23},{"text":"través","start":10496.23,"end":10496.5},{"text":"de","start":10496.5,"end":10496.58},{"text":"la","start":10496.58,"end":10496.72},{"text":"6.ª","start":10496.72,"end":10497.09},{"text":"comisión","start":10497.1,"end":10497.62}]},{"text":"En ese sentido Colombia destaca la importancia de preservar y fortalecer los espacios de formación y difusión del derecho internacional como el seminario de derecho internacional y se permite hacer alusión a los cursos de la academia de derecho internacional de la haya para América Latina y el Caribe, desarrollados en Cartagena de Indias Colombia y cuya edición se llevará a cabo en 2027.","start":10498.46,"end":10522.26,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"En","start":10498.46,"end":10498.66},{"text":"ese","start":10498.66,"end":10498.78},{"text":"sentido","start":10498.78,"end":10499.38},{"text":"Colombia","start":10499.78,"end":10500.21},{"text":"destaca","start":10500.21,"end":10500.7},{"text":"la","start":10500.7,"end":10500.8},{"text":"importancia","start":10500.8,"end":10501.42},{"text":"de","start":10501.42,"end":10501.51},{"text":"preservar","start":10501.51,"end":10502.29},{"text":"y","start":10502.37,"end":10502.5},{"text":"fortalecer","start":10502.5,"end":10503.29},{"text":"los","start":10503.29,"end":10503.49},{"text":"espacios","start":10503.49,"end":10503.99},{"text":"de","start":10503.99,"end":10504.09},{"text":"formación","start":10504.1,"end":10504.1},{"text":"y","start":10505.22,"end":10505.42},{"text":"difusión","start":10505.42,"end":10505.9},{"text":"del","start":10505.91,"end":10506.05},{"text":"derecho","start":10506.05,"end":10506.37},{"text":"internacional","start":10506.37,"end":10507.08},{"text":"como","start":10507.46,"end":10507.77},{"text":"el","start":10507.78,"end":10507.85},{"text":"seminario","start":10507.85,"end":10508.34},{"text":"de","start":10508.34,"end":10508.39},{"text":"derecho","start":10508.51,"end":10508.74},{"text":"internacional","start":10508.74,"end":10509.6},{"text":"y","start":10509.98,"end":10510.12},{"text":"se","start":10510.12,"end":10510.24},{"text":"permite","start":10510.25,"end":10510.65},{"text":"hacer","start":10510.65,"end":10510.86},{"text":"alusión","start":10510.86,"end":10511.36},{"text":"a","start":10511.36,"end":10511.42},{"text":"los","start":10511.42,"end":10511.68},{"text":"cursos","start":10511.68,"end":10512.14},{"text":"de","start":10512.14,"end":10512.22},{"text":"la","start":10512.23,"end":10512.3},{"text":"academia","start":10512.33,"end":10512.79},{"text":"de","start":10512.79,"end":10512.81},{"text":"derecho","start":10512.91,"end":10513.14},{"text":"internacional","start":10513.14,"end":10513.78},{"text":"de","start":10513.78,"end":10513.87},{"text":"la","start":10513.9,"end":10513.98},{"text":"haya","start":10513.98,"end":10514.31},{"text":"para","start":10514.98,"end":10515.18},{"text":"América","start":10515.18,"end":10515.58},{"text":"Latina","start":10515.58,"end":10515.96},{"text":"y","start":10515.96,"end":10516.05},{"text":"el","start":10516.05,"end":10516.13},{"text":"Caribe","start":10516.14,"end":10516.55},{"text":"desarrollados","start":10516.61,"end":10517.41},{"text":"en","start":10517.46,"end":10517.61},{"text":"Cartagena","start":10517.61,"end":10518.16},{"text":"de","start":10518.16,"end":10518.24},{"text":"Indias","start":10518.27,"end":10518.56},{"text":"Colombia","start":10518.56,"end":10519.08},{"text":"y","start":10519.34,"end":10519.5},{"text":"cuya","start":10519.5,"end":10519.8},{"text":"edición","start":10519.8,"end":10520.26},{"text":"se","start":10520.26,"end":10520.4},{"text":"llevará","start":10520.4,"end":10520.78},{"text":"a","start":10520.78,"end":10520.82},{"text":"cabo","start":10520.82,"end":10521.11},{"text":"en","start":10521.11,"end":10521.22},{"text":"2027","start":10521.58,"end":10522.26}]},{"text":"Estos espacios contribuyen a la formación de nuevas generaciones y a la identificación de nuevos temas para su desarrollo.","start":10523.18,"end":10530.4,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Estos","start":10523.18,"end":10523.54},{"text":"espacios","start":10523.54,"end":10524.1},{"text":"contribuyen","start":10524.1,"end":10524.66},{"text":"a","start":10524.68,"end":10524.72},{"text":"la","start":10524.72,"end":10524.85},{"text":"formación","start":10524.85,"end":10525.37},{"text":"de","start":10525.37,"end":10525.46},{"text":"nuevas","start":10525.46,"end":10525.79},{"text":"generaciones","start":10525.79,"end":10526.62},{"text":"y","start":10527.4,"end":10527.73},{"text":"a","start":10527.74,"end":10527.88},{"text":"la","start":10527.88,"end":10527.98},{"text":"identificación","start":10528,"end":10528.75},{"text":"de","start":10528.75,"end":10528.86},{"text":"nuevos","start":10528.86,"end":10529.21},{"text":"temas","start":10529.21,"end":10529.52},{"text":"para","start":10529.52,"end":10529.74},{"text":"su","start":10529.74,"end":10529.86},{"text":"desarrollo","start":10529.86,"end":10530.4}]},{"text":"Muchas gracias señora presidenta.","start":10530.82,"end":10532.26,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Muchas","start":10530.82,"end":10531.18},{"text":"gracias","start":10531.18,"end":10531.49},{"text":"señora","start":10531.49,"end":10531.77},{"text":"presidenta","start":10531.77,"end":10532.26}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"COL","group":null,"function":"Representante","affiliation_full":"Colombia"}},{"statement_number":46,"start":10542.44,"pageUrl":"/zh/ga/c6/81/30?lang=floor&t=2:55:43","paragraphs":[{"sentences":[{"text":"Distinguished representative of Colombia was the last speaker for this morning.","start":10542.44,"end":10546.71,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Distinguished","start":10542.44,"end":10542.96},{"text":"representative","start":10543.1,"end":10543.79},{"text":"of","start":10543.81,"end":10543.93},{"text":"Colombia","start":10543.93,"end":10544.57},{"text":"was","start":10544.58,"end":10544.84},{"text":"the","start":10544.86,"end":10544.96},{"text":"last","start":10544.96,"end":10545.22},{"text":"speaker","start":10545.28,"end":10545.73},{"text":"for","start":10545.82,"end":10546.04},{"text":"this","start":10546.04,"end":10546.31},{"text":"morning","start":10546.31,"end":10546.71}]},{"text":"According to our program of work, we will continue discussion on the first last us of topics this afternoon at 3 p.m..","start":10547.62,"end":10555.54,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"According","start":10547.62,"end":10548.03},{"text":"to","start":10548.04,"end":10548.16},{"text":"our","start":10548.16,"end":10548.24},{"text":"program","start":10548.25,"end":10548.72},{"text":"of","start":10548.73,"end":10548.92},{"text":"work","start":10548.93,"end":10549.27},{"text":"we","start":10549.27,"end":10549.43},{"text":"will","start":10549.44,"end":10549.58},{"text":"continue","start":10549.6,"end":10550.41},{"text":"discussion","start":10550.71,"end":10551.38},{"text":"on","start":10552.23,"end":10552.34},{"text":"the","start":10552.34,"end":10552.42},{"text":"first","start":10552.42,"end":10552.74},{"text":"last","start":10552.77,"end":10553.03},{"text":"us","start":10553.03,"end":10553.22},{"text":"of","start":10553.22,"end":10553.34},{"text":"topics","start":10553.34,"end":10553.85},{"text":"this","start":10553.86,"end":10554.08},{"text":"afternoon","start":10554.08,"end":10554.58},{"text":"at","start":10554.58,"end":10554.74},{"text":"3","start":10554.74,"end":10555.06},{"text":"p.m.","start":10555.06,"end":10555.54}]},{"text":"Following which we will turn to the second cluster of topics.","start":10556.04,"end":10559.73,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Following","start":10556.04,"end":10556.4},{"text":"which","start":10556.53,"end":10556.83},{"text":"we","start":10556.83,"end":10556.93},{"text":"will","start":10556.93,"end":10557.12},{"text":"turn","start":10557.13,"end":10557.5},{"text":"to","start":10557.5,"end":10557.63},{"text":"the","start":10557.63,"end":10557.73},{"text":"second","start":10557.73,"end":10558.17},{"text":"cluster","start":10558.17,"end":10558.69},{"text":"of","start":10558.93,"end":10559.11},{"text":"topics","start":10559.13,"end":10559.73}]},{"text":"Please be informed that this afternoon we will end at approximately 4:30 p.m. after which the interactive dialogue with on the report of the ILC will be held in this room.","start":10560.49,"end":10574.73,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Please","start":10560.49,"end":10560.71},{"text":"be","start":10560.72,"end":10560.85},{"text":"informed","start":10560.85,"end":10561.38},{"text":"that","start":10561.39,"end":10561.57},{"text":"this","start":10561.57,"end":10561.87},{"text":"afternoon","start":10562.2,"end":10562.57},{"text":"we","start":10562.94,"end":10563.08},{"text":"will","start":10563.09,"end":10563.33},{"text":"end","start":10563.48,"end":10564.02},{"text":"at","start":10564.32,"end":10564.51},{"text":"approximately","start":10564.51,"end":10565.31},{"text":"4:30","start":10565.33,"end":10566.29},{"text":"p.m.","start":10566.38,"end":10566.89},{"text":"after","start":10567.73,"end":10568.01},{"text":"which","start":10568.01,"end":10568.29},{"text":"the","start":10568.29,"end":10568.41},{"text":"interactive","start":10568.41,"end":10569.05},{"text":"dialogue","start":10569.05,"end":10569.05},{"text":"with","start":10569.69,"end":10569.9},{"text":"on","start":10570.09,"end":10570.24},{"text":"the","start":10570.24,"end":10570.33},{"text":"report","start":10570.33,"end":10571.04},{"text":"of","start":10571.16,"end":10571.29},{"text":"the","start":10571.29,"end":10571.41},{"text":"ILC","start":10571.47,"end":10572.15},{"text":"will","start":10572.72,"end":10572.92},{"text":"be","start":10572.93,"end":10573.33},{"text":"held","start":10573.61,"end":10574.01},{"text":"in","start":10574.09,"end":10574.28},{"text":"this","start":10574.28,"end":10574.49},{"text":"room","start":10574.5,"end":10574.73}]},{"text":"In accordance with paragraph 12 of General Assembly resolution 59 slash 313.","start":10575.14,"end":10581.59,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"In","start":10575.14,"end":10575.29},{"text":"accordance","start":10575.29,"end":10575.73},{"text":"with","start":10575.73,"end":10575.88},{"text":"paragraph","start":10575.88,"end":10576.35},{"text":"12","start":10576.41,"end":10576.81},{"text":"of","start":10576.81,"end":10576.95},{"text":"General","start":10576.97,"end":10577.37},{"text":"Assembly","start":10577.37,"end":10577.78},{"text":"resolution","start":10577.79,"end":10578.49},{"text":"59","start":10578.97,"end":10579.82},{"text":"slash","start":10579.87,"end":10580.35},{"text":"313","start":10580.37,"end":10581.59}]},{"text":"The dialogue provides delegations with an opportunity to discuss in an informal setting any issue with respect to the ILC report among colleagues.","start":10582.82,"end":10592.35,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"The","start":10582.82,"end":10582.93},{"text":"dialogue","start":10582.95,"end":10583.33},{"text":"provides","start":10583.33,"end":10583.77},{"text":"delegations","start":10583.77,"end":10584.4},{"text":"with","start":10584.4,"end":10584.55},{"text":"an","start":10584.55,"end":10584.7},{"text":"opportunity","start":10584.7,"end":10585.26},{"text":"to","start":10585.26,"end":10585.39},{"text":"discuss","start":10585.41,"end":10586.23},{"text":"in","start":10586.71,"end":10586.87},{"text":"an","start":10586.87,"end":10587},{"text":"informal","start":10587,"end":10587.52},{"text":"setting","start":10587.52,"end":10588.15},{"text":"any","start":10588.25,"end":10588.54},{"text":"issue","start":10588.57,"end":10588.97},{"text":"with","start":10588.99,"end":10589.19},{"text":"respect","start":10589.2,"end":10589.71},{"text":"to","start":10589.73,"end":10589.83},{"text":"the","start":10589.84,"end":10589.97},{"text":"ILC","start":10590.05,"end":10590.56},{"text":"report","start":10590.61,"end":10591.22},{"text":"among","start":10591.53,"end":10591.81},{"text":"colleagues","start":10591.82,"end":10592.35}]},{"text":"As well as with the members of the commission present.","start":10593.32,"end":10596.69,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"As","start":10593.32,"end":10593.49},{"text":"well","start":10593.49,"end":10593.68},{"text":"as","start":10593.68,"end":10593.84},{"text":"with","start":10593.84,"end":10594.01},{"text":"the","start":10594.03,"end":10594.09},{"text":"members","start":10594.11,"end":10594.81},{"text":"of","start":10595.25,"end":10595.4},{"text":"the","start":10595.41,"end":10595.51},{"text":"commission","start":10595.51,"end":10596.04},{"text":"present","start":10596.05,"end":10596.69}]},{"text":"This year, the dialogue will be moderated by the delegation of Austria and will focus on the following topics.","start":10597.14,"end":10605.49,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"This","start":10597.14,"end":10597.47},{"text":"year","start":10597.48,"end":10597.76},{"text":"the","start":10598.37,"end":10598.47},{"text":"dialogue","start":10598.47,"end":10598.93},{"text":"will","start":10598.96,"end":10599.1},{"text":"be","start":10599.1,"end":10599.22},{"text":"moderated","start":10599.25,"end":10599.94},{"text":"by","start":10599.94,"end":10600.17},{"text":"the","start":10600.17,"end":10600.29},{"text":"delegation","start":10600.29,"end":10600.97},{"text":"of","start":10600.97,"end":10601.17},{"text":"Austria","start":10601.25,"end":10601.9},{"text":"and","start":10602.89,"end":10603.04},{"text":"will","start":10603.05,"end":10603.19},{"text":"focus","start":10603.19,"end":10603.95},{"text":"on","start":10604.1,"end":10604.27},{"text":"the","start":10604.27,"end":10604.33},{"text":"following","start":10604.34,"end":10604.81},{"text":"topics","start":10604.83,"end":10605.49}]},{"text":"Subsidiary means for the determination of rules of international law.","start":10605.69,"end":10609.79,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Subsidiary","start":10605.69,"end":10606.37},{"text":"means","start":10606.37,"end":10606.88},{"text":"for","start":10606.89,"end":10607.05},{"text":"the","start":10607.06,"end":10607.15},{"text":"determination","start":10607.16,"end":10608.06},{"text":"of","start":10608.13,"end":10608.34},{"text":"rules","start":10608.34,"end":10608.73},{"text":"of","start":10608.73,"end":10608.87},{"text":"international","start":10608.87,"end":10609.53},{"text":"law","start":10609.53,"end":10609.79}]},{"text":"Topic number two, settlement of disputes to which international organizations are parties.","start":10610.85,"end":10616.85,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"Topic","start":10610.85,"end":10611.18},{"text":"number","start":10611.25,"end":10611.52},{"text":"two","start":10611.52,"end":10611.93},{"text":"settlement","start":10612.49,"end":10613.06},{"text":"of","start":10613.06,"end":10613.17},{"text":"disputes","start":10613.21,"end":10614.07},{"text":"to","start":10614.09,"end":10614.25},{"text":"which","start":10614.25,"end":10614.51},{"text":"international","start":10614.51,"end":10615.1},{"text":"organizations","start":10615.1,"end":10615.91},{"text":"are","start":10615.93,"end":10616.09},{"text":"parties","start":10616.1,"end":10616.85}]},{"text":"And the third one, identification and legal consequences of obligations in international law.","start":10617.61,"end":10625.13,"topics":[{"key":"erga-omnes-obligations","label":"Erga Omnes Obligations","description":"Speakers discussed the identification and legal consequences of obligations owed to the international community as a whole. Issues included their distinction from peremptory norms, the invocation of state responsibility, and concerns about their use in politically motivated proceedings."}],"words":[{"text":"And","start":10617.61,"end":10617.78},{"text":"the","start":10617.79,"end":10617.87},{"text":"third","start":10617.87,"end":10618.2},{"text":"one","start":10618.21,"end":10618.57},{"text":"identification","start":10619.1,"end":10620.16},{"text":"and","start":10620.57,"end":10620.81},{"text":"legal","start":10620.81,"end":10621.2},{"text":"consequences","start":10621.21,"end":10621.95},{"text":"of","start":10621.96,"end":10622.12},{"text":"obligations","start":10622.12,"end":10622.93},{"text":"in","start":10624.01,"end":10624.17},{"text":"international","start":10624.17,"end":10624.85},{"text":"law","start":10624.89,"end":10625.13}]},{"text":"You are encouraged to attend and the meeting is adjourned.","start":10625.88,"end":10629.27,"topics":[],"words":[{"text":"You","start":10625.88,"end":10626.05},{"text":"are","start":10626.05,"end":10626.12},{"text":"encouraged","start":10626.12,"end":10626.89},{"text":"to","start":10626.9,"end":10627.09},{"text":"attend","start":10627.13,"end":10627.77},{"text":"and","start":10628.02,"end":10628.18},{"text":"the","start":10628.18,"end":10628.29},{"text":"meeting","start":10628.29,"end":10628.66},{"text":"is","start":10628.66,"end":10628.8},{"text":"adjourned","start":10628.8,"end":10629.27}]}]}],"speaker":{"affiliation":"6th Committee","group":null,"function":"Chair","affiliation_full":"6th Committee"}}],"topics":[{"key":"sea-level-rise","label":"Sea Level Rise and International Law","description":"Delegations examined the preservation of maritime baselines and entitlements, continuity of statehood, and protection of people affected by sea level rise. Discussion addressed the interpretation of existing international law, human rights protections, and international cooperation to support vulnerable states and communities."},{"key":"erga-omnes-obligations","label":"Erga Omnes Obligations","description":"Speakers discussed the identification and legal consequences of obligations owed to the international community as a whole. Issues included their distinction from peremptory norms, the invocation of state responsibility, and concerns about their use in politically motivated proceedings."},{"key":"state-official-immunity","label":"Immunity of State Officials from Foreign Criminal Jurisdiction","description":"Speakers debated how to balance sovereign equality with accountability for serious international crimes, including proposed exceptions to functional immunity and procedural safeguards against abusive prosecutions. Views differed on whether the draft articles reflect customary international law or progressive development and whether they should underpin a future convention."},{"key":"general-legal-principles","label":"General Principles of Law","description":"Delegations considered the identification, recognition, and application of general principles derived from national legal systems or formed within the international legal system. Key questions included state consent, representative legal methodologies, transposition into international law, and the relationship between general principles, treaties, and customary law."},{"key":"investment-regulatory-right","label":"The Right to Regulate in International Investment Law","description":"Speakers addressed the proposed study of states' right to regulate in international investment law. Discussion included the scope and timing of the work, developing-country interests, and coordination with ongoing investment-law reform discussions in UNCITRAL."},{"key":"extraterritorial-jurisdiction","label":"Extraterritorial Jurisdiction","description":"Delegations considered further work on the grounds and limits of jurisdiction exercised beyond national territory. Several supported combining a general legal framework with sector-specific analysis to strengthen legal certainty, consistency, and cooperation between states."}]}}