UN Transcripts — https://transcripts.un.org/zh/sc/10186
有关刚果民主共和国的局势 - 安全理事会第10186次会议 — Security Council — 26 June 2026
Language: en
Automatically generated transcript — may contain errors. Not an official United Nations record.

---
Colombia · President [53:29]:

The 10,185th meeting of the Security Council is called to order. The provisional agenda for this meeting is the situation concerning the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The agenda is adopted. In accordance with Rule 39 of the Council's Provisional Rules of Procedure, I invite Mr. James Swan, Special Representative of the Secretary-General for the Democratic Republic of the Congo, to participate in this meeting. It is so decided. The Security Council will now begin its consideration of Item 2 of the agenda. I now give the floor to Mr. James Swan. You have the floor.


MONUSCO · SRSG, Head of MONUSCO · James Swan [54:43]:

Madame President, distinguished members of the Council, thank you for this opportunity to brief the Council for the first time since assuming duty as the SRSG and head of MONUSCO. This briefing comes almost exactly one year after the peace agreement signed in Washington between the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Republic of Rwanda. Together with the Doha Framework for Comprehensive Peace Agreement and with mediation efforts pursued by the African Union, these processes have created an agreed pathway to peacefully address the conflict in eastern DRC. It is now imperative that momentum be maintained and that the commitments agreed to by the signatories be fully implemented.

Madame la Présidente, distinguished members of the Security Council, the security situation in the east of the Democratic Republic of the Congo remains complex, volatile, and devastating for the population. Intensive combats have continued between the Alliance Fleuve Congo, the 23 March Movement, supported by the RDF, and the the Armed Forces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the Wasalendo in certain areas, and in certain areas the FDLR, Democratic Forces for the Freedom of Rwanda. The main zones of conflict have been, one, Rubaya in North Kivu, an important mining center; two, the area surrounding Rutshuru, also in North Kivu, where combat has been between the AFCM 23 and the FDLR and their allies; and thirdly, the high plains of South Kivu where the FARDC have confronted the AFC and the M23 and their Tuwia Onehu allies for control of the strategic village of Minemwe. Confrontations continue using offensive drones, artillery, and heavy weaponry that have seriously intensified the risks for civilians as well as for infrastructure. In accordance with their commitments, the AFC and M23 have partially withdrawn from certain areas of the the territories of Lubero and Walikali, as well as from certain areas from South Kivu, particularly part of the Ruzizi Plain in the territory of Uvira. The group nevertheless is continuing to consolidate its parallel administrative structures in the areas under its control.

Madam President, diplomatic efforts to bring an end to this conflict continue through the sustained engagement of the United States, Qatar, and the African Union, and supported by Switzerland. Since the last briefing to this Council on the DRC, the Government and the AFCM23 signed a Memorandum of Understanding with the International Conference on the Great Lakes Region for the operationalization of the Expanded Joint Verification Mechanism Plus , which is responsible for monitoring and verifying ceasefire commitments under the Doha Process. Since the adoption of Resolution 2808, MONUSCO has participated in meetings of the Ceasefire Oversight and Verification Mechanism established under the Doha Process, and attended the discussions between the Government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the AFC-M23 held from 13 to 17 April in Montreux. MONUSCO has supported the operationalization of the EJVM+ in Goma, including through the provision of additional office space, equipment, and furnishings, as well as personal protective equipment for EJVM Plus members, and preparations with EJVM Plus leadership for MONUSCO's provision of logistical and security support for the conduct of ceasefire monitoring and verification activities. I urge the swift deployment of the EJVM Plus to undertake its first missions, which MONUSCO is ready to support. In discussing the security situation in eastern DRC, I also want to highlight the continued threat posed by the Allied Democratic Forces . In Ituri, attacks have increased significantly against civilians as well as FARDC and their allies. Since the last briefing to the Council, the ADF has killed 287 civilians,, including 44 women, in Ituri. In North Kivu, ADF violence temporarily eased in the early months of this year, but resurged in Beni territory in recent weeks, with 66 civilians, including 17 women and 3 children, killed.

Madame President, civilian populations continue to bear the heaviest burden of the armed conflicts in eastern DRC. In North Kivu and Ituri, Since the 19th of March, MONUSCO has documented 632 civilian deaths resulting from the armed conflicts. Humanitarian access remains severely impeded in these areas despite MONUSCO's intensified efforts to protect civilians and facilitate the delivery of humanitarian assistance. During the same period, our United Nations Joint Human Rights Office has documented 1,221 human rights violations and abuses across the country, including conflict-related sexual violence committed by armed groups and by members of the defense and security forces, affecting 2,968 victims, including 392 women and 378 children. Monusco remains fully committed to implementing its mandate throughout its area of deployment. Despite the liquidity crisis currently affecting United Nations peacekeeping operations. In this regard, the mission has intensified its patrols and also increased the deployment of mobile operating bases in areas affected by ADF attacks and around sites for internally displaced persons. Since the 19th of March, 2026, MONUSCO and the FARDC has conducted 2,101 joint patrols. The mission's The Mission's police component has also carried out 497 patrols, including 81 jointly with the Congolese National Police. MONUSCO has also supported local and provincial peace mechanisms, particularly in Ituri, where progress has been made in implementing the roadmap for dialogue among armed groups in Aru. The Mission continues to also support the reform of the security sector supported by the DRC. A national commission to monitor security sector reform has been established and the country's first national security policy is currently being finalized under the leadership of the presidency. In addition, MONUSCO has continued to support disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration efforts. Between March and June in The mission facilitated the repatriation to Rwanda in cooperation with national and regional authorities, the repatriation to Rwanda of a further 156 former Rwandan combatants together with 163 of their dependents associated with the FDLR and other foreign armed groups. Madame President, since assuming my duties, I have held extensive consultations in Kinshasa, Ituri, and North Kivu with national and provincial authorities authorities, civil society, women, young people, political actors, humanitarian partners, and community representatives. In Goma, I also met representatives of the AFC-M23 in the context of implementing MONUSCO's mandate in areas under their control. Outside the Democratic Republic of the Congo, together with the Secretary-General's Special Envoy for the Great Lakes Region, Wang Xia, I met the African Union mediation the African Union team led by President Faure Gnassingbé of Togo, the African Union facilitators or their representatives, and the chairperson of the African Union Commission, Mahmoud Ali Youssouf. I also met President João Lourenço of Angola, the African Union champion for peace and reconciliation in Africa. These exchanges demonstrate the close cooperation between the African Union and the United Nations, as well as MONUSCO's full commitment to supporting African-led mediation efforts. Throughout these discussions, I reaffirmed MONUSCO's commitment to fully implementing its mandate, particularly the priorities highlighted by the Council. I also encouraged all Congolese stakeholders to work towards a consensus on the proposed modalities for national dialogue and to preserve civic space and fundamental freedoms, particularly freedom of expression and assembly, so that political parties and other stakeholders are able to express their views in a peaceful and a secure environment.

The human rights crisis— sorry, the humanitarian crisis in the DRC remains grave. Nearly 27 million people, more than a quarter of the population, are food insecure. The 2026 Humanitarian Needs and Response Plan has hyper-prioritized 7.3 million people to receive assistance at a budget of $1.4 billion US. Which is currently 53% funded. I thank donors for their generosity to date and urge full funding to address the DRC's acute needs. The continued closure of banks in Goma and the closure of Goma and Kavumu airports continue to place further strain on the civilian population and impact the delivery of life-saving humanitarian assistance in these areas. I call on all parties to prioritize humanitarian needs by concluding arrangements to reopen these facilities. I condemn violence perpetrated against humanitarian actors, and do so in the strongest terms. Four humanitarian workers have been killed in the DRC since the beginning of the year. Madame President, the Government of the DRC declared an outbreak of the Ebola virus disease on 15 May. The World Health Organization is spearheading the UN's public health response. In close collaboration with Africa CDC and partners, and under the leadership of the Congolese government. MONUSCO is supporting these efforts within its means while continuing to fully implement its mandated tasks in its areas of deployment. Despite the significant response already in place, the location of the main outbreak, in an area of active conflict and in urban settings with already overstretched health structures, poses considerable risks for further expansion of the epidemic. The closure of borders and movement restrictions further complicate the delivery of a full humanitarian response effort. I thank neighbouring states for the recent progress in addressing these constraints, which has enabled controlled cross-border movements of humanitarian responders and United Nations personnel. Madam President, in concluding, I urge all parties to the Washington and Doha agreements to sustain the diplomatic achievements which have been made to date, to consolidate progress in implementing the protocols already signed, to advance discussions on the issues in the remaining protocols, including humanitarian aspects, and, in short, to stay the course toward a durable peace. I reiterate the calls made by the Secretary-General for all parties to fully comply with their commitments under Council resolutions 2773 and 2808, which reaffirm respect for the sovereignty, independence, unity, and territorial integrity of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and which chart a path toward the peaceful resolution of the conflict in the eastern part of the country. Munusco's support for the aspirations of the Congolese people for sustainable peace, security, and development remains unwavering. Thank you.


Colombia · President [1:08:06]:

I thank Mr. Swan for the information provided. Thank you very much. I will now give the floor to those council members who wish to make statements. I give the floor to the delegation of France. You have the floor.


France [1:08:26]:

Thank you, Madam President. First of all, I would like to thank the Special Representative of the Secretary General, Mr. James Swan. We thank him for his work. And I also welcome the presence amongst us of the Special Advisor of the President of the United States on Arab and African Affairs, Dr. Mossad-Boulos. A year ago, we met when a peace agreement had just been signed between the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Rwanda, thanks to the mediation of the United States. In many ways, progress has been made, including with the support of Qatar, Togo, and the African Union, whose mediation and facilitation work was central. The full implementation of this agreement must remain our political horizon line for peace in the Great Lakes. And I would like to emphasize 3 points now. First of all, the ceasefire It is more than ever a priority to protect civilians, and we call on the parties to uphold it. The continuation of the fighting threatens the population. The upsurge in drone attacks is worrying. One of our compatriots working for UNICEF was a victim of such an attack in Goma, and we call for transparency on the responsibility for this attack. We're also concerned by the recent AFCM-23 attack on Kisangani Airport, 400 kilometers from the front lines. A ceasefire— an effective ceasefire is essential to protect the population from the fighting and to give peace a chance. In Montreal, the parties committed to respecting international humanitarian law, including access, movement, and infrastructure for humanitarian workers. In the dramatic context of the Ebola resurgence which the DRC is facing now, we are supporting the response of the Congolese authorities alongside the WHO and humanitarian agencies.

Agencies.

France has released emergency assistance. The resumption of humanitarian flights via Goma Airport is all the more essential here, and we will continue to work alongside the mediators in this regard to find a pragmatic and adapted solution. Second, we must act collectively to ensure that the parties respect their obligations. The parties must comply with Resolution 2773, which was adopted unanimously by this Council, and which calls for the immediate cessation of hostilities, the effective withdrawal of the Rwandan forces for the defense from Congolese territory, the cessation of Rwandan support for the M23, and the effective neutralization of the FDLR by the DRC. Respect for Congolese sovereignty and territorial integrity is non-negotiable, and it must be a part of a lasting political solution which will also involve the cessation of all hate speech and progress on the Mongolian national dialogue. It's also important to end the pillaging and the illicit trafficking of the natural resources of the Congo, which is done by the armed groups. Third point, we reaffirm our support for MONUSCO in supporting the peace process. Adopted unanimously by this council, Resolution 2808 authorizes MONUSCO to support the implementation of a permanent ceasefire within the framework of the mechanism agreed by the parties in Doha. It is essential that this mechanism be finally operational. MONUSCO is getting ready for this, including in South Kivu, in close collaboration with the International Conference for the Great Lakes Region. We support all efforts to make progress towards the realization of the ceasefire. To this end, it's essential to put an end to impediments to MONUSCO and practices that endanger the safety of peacekeepers and limit their freedom of movement. And finally, I would like to commend MONUSCO's essential role in the protection of civilians, which is one of its priority tasks. In North Kivu and in Ituri, MONUSCO continues to protect civilians from the destabilizing actions of armed groups, including the ADF terrorist group. Madam President, the parties signed a peace agreement and they must recognize its realities. There is no military solution to this conflict. This Council must therefore mobilize UN will use all of its tools, including the sanctions regimes on which the Council is working right now to renew it. This Council will therefore remain mobilized to restore peace and stability in the Great Lakes. I thank you.


Colombia · President [1:13:16]:

I thank the representative of France for his statement, and I now give the floor to the representative of Liberia.


Liberia · A3 [1:13:25]:

Thank you, thank you, Madam President. I have the honor to deliver this statement on behalf of the E3, namely the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Somalia, and my own country, Liberia. We thank the Special Representative of the Secretary-General and head of MONUSCO, Mr. James Swan, for his briefing reaffirm our support for the Mission's efforts to protect civilians, support de-escalation, and accompany nationally-owned and regionally anchored peace efforts in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. DA3 remains gravely concerned by the deteriorating security situation in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo. Once again, civilians bear the heaviest burden of armed violence, displacement, and fear. The reported rise in civilian casualties is not only a matter of statistics. It truly is a measure of human suffering and a reminder of the urgent responsibility of this Council to support efforts that protect lives, restore security, and advance a durable peace. We strongly condemn the continued violence perpetrated by armed groups including AFCM-23, the Allied Democratic Forces, CODECO, the Convention pour la Révolution Populaire and the FDLR. Their attacks against civilians, forced recruitment, summary execution, abductions, and other grave violations are unacceptable and must cease immediately. We call upon all parties to fully respect international humanitarian law including the principles of distinction, precaution, and proportionality, and to take every feasible measure to protect civilians and civilian infrastructure. The AA3 reiterates the importance of the full implementation of Security Council Resolution 2773 and all relevant regional commitments. The sovereignty, territorial integrity, and political independence of the Democratic Republic of the Congo must be respected. All external support to armed groups must end, and all parties must engage in good faith toward a political settlement that is credible, inclusive, safe and sustainable. We remain deeply disturbed by documented cases of conflict-related sexual violence. Survivors must receive protection, care, and justice. In this regard, we commend MONUSCO's continued support in coordination with the Congolese authorities and emphasize that accountability is indispensable to breaking the cycle of impunity. Madam President, the humanitarian situation remains alarming. Displacement, food insecurity, in fact, general insecurity and public health risks continue to place immense— pressure on affected communities and humanitarian actors. We welcome the efforts of the Government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, supported by the World Health Organization, MONUSCO, and other partners, to strengthen surveillance, community engagement, clinical preparedness, and cross-border coordination in response to Ebola-related risks. We are equally concerned that insecurity and access constraints continue to impede humanitarian operations. Humanitarian access must be safe, rapid, and unhindered, in accordance with international humanitarian law. International support should reinforce nationally-led coordination and response mechanisms while ensuring that assistance reaches those most in need. Madame President, the A3 is convinced that there is no sustainable military solution to the crisis in Eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo. Peace will not be secured by force alone. It must be built through dialogue, confidence, respect for sovereignty, and the faithful implementation of commitments already undertaken. We therefore welcome continued diplomatic engagement under the African Union-led process complemented by the Doha and Washington initiatives, and stress the need for coherence, complementarity, and African ownership. We commend the efforts of the African Union mediator, President Faure Gnassingbé of Togo, and the co-facilitator, former President Olusegun Obasanjo, in advancing regional dialogue. We also welcome progress under the Doha process and encourage all parties to consolidate recent gains, strengthen confidence-building measures, facilitate humanitarian access, and work toward a permanent and viable cessation of hostilities consistent with existing regional commitments. Regarding MONUSCO's transition, the A3 emphasizes that any drawdown must remain responsible, gradual, conditions-based, and implemented in accordance with the jointly agreed disengagement plan and the priorities of the Government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The United Nations must retain sufficient flexibility to support civilian protection, the restoration of state authority, and the strengthening of national institutions throughout the transition. In conclusion, Madam President, the A3 expresses its appreciation to the Special Representative of the Secretary-General, and to all United Nations peacekeepers and civilian personnel serving under difficult conditions. We commend the resilience of the Congolese people and recognize the leadership of the Government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, together with regional and international partners, in advancing peace, stabilization, and recovery. The Council must remain united, principled, and practical. United in support of MONUSCO's mandate, principled in upholding Resolution 2773 and the sovereignty of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and practical in supporting African-led diplomacy that can deliver lasting peace, security, and sustainable development for the Congolese people and the wider Great Lakes region. I thank you for your kind attention.


Colombia · President [1:22:14]:

I thank the representative of Liberia for your statement. And I now give the floor to the Representative of the United States. You have the floor.


United States of America [1:22:26]:

Thank you, Madame President, and thank you, SRSG Swan, for your insights today and your leadership of MONUSCO at this important time. MONUSCO has long played a critical role in the DRC, and we greatly appreciate our close cooperation on many fronts. This month marks one year since the signing of the Washington Accords, making this critical time to take stock of our achievements, address remaining challenges and obstructions to implementation, and build toward lasting peace. Despite progress, the parties continue to fall short on their obligations. Despite— the DRC has not upheld obligations for the FDLR neutralization, at least in the areas that they control. At the same time, Rwanda has not delivered on its commitments to withdraw the Rwandan Defence Forces and cease support to M23. Progress on both of these is long overdue. And there should be no more delays or excuses. As we have shown, the United States will hold accountable spoilers to peace in Eastern DRC. For example, in March, we sanctioned the RDF for actively supporting training and fighting alongside M23. And we, just yesterday, we sanctioned a network working in coordination with M23 to illegally smuggle minerals from eastern DRC to Rwanda. Our message to the parties is clear: Abandon the dangerous pursuit for a military solution to this conflict and commit fully and immediately to the agreed frameworks for peace. Continued inaction or obstruction by the parties will result in more accountability measures. And this need for action towards peace is true not only with regard to the Washington Accords,— but also for the concurrent track of talks between the DRC and M23 that have been taking place in Qatar and Switzerland. The attention of this Council, as we saw with UN Security Council Resolution 2773, is also critical to ensuring accountability. Turning to MONUSCO. Today is an important opportunity to recognize how MONUSCO plays a critical role in the implementation of peace processes. By supporting the expanded Joint Verification Mechanism Plus, MONUSCO advances ceasefire verification and monitoring efforts in eastern DRC. We fully support these efforts. MONUSCO has done everything needed to ensure these EJVM+ missions are as effective as possible. We call on the parties to approve the first mission of the EJVM+ immediately. Monitoring and verification are necessary for clarifying the situation on the ground and in identifying violations—the first step to accountability. MONUSCO has also played a vital role in the demobilization, disarmament and reintegration of the FDLR and a multitude of armed groups operating across Eastern DRC provinces. Such DDR processes are vital to ending the cycle of violence on the ground. Protection of local populations through armament and mobilization has the opposite effect. We do not forget that the volatility in eastern DRC extends beyond armed group activity. The foreign terrorist organization ISIS-DRC continues a brutal pattern of violence and abuse— in fact, it has become the second most violent ISIS affiliate globally. We appreciate MONUSCO's continued assistance, alongside other forces, in backing the offensive against this terrorist organization. Finally, we recognize MONUSCO's vital support for the Ebola outbreak response. Since the declaration of an outbreak in eastern DRC, MONUSCO has played a critical role in enabling the international community's response efforts. MONUSCO has flown more than 100 tons of medical supplies to Bunia from surrounding regional hubs and sent vehicles over land to support a robust response. Peacekeepers are disinfecting community gathering places, implementing community awareness campaigns, and securing health operations in disease epicenters. We thank them for these essential efforts. It is worth noting that MONUSCO is effectively deploying this support despite —continued barriers to humanitarian access and delivery in this region, namely the continued closure of Goma and Kavumu airports. MONUSCO's continued support is greatly appreciated. From helping to coordinate between humanitarian organizations and armed actors, to protecting health workers and medical facilities, to providing helicopter transport for evacuations and deliveries. The Mission works tirelessly to ensure the humanitarian access discussed in the April Montreux meetings is implemented and respected so that medical teams and supplies can move freely across all areas. We encourage the Mission and the government of the DRC to continue working together to promote better health, security, and prosperity for the people of the DRC and the broader region. The United States remains committed in our efforts to ensure progress towards sustained peace. Thank you.


Colombia · President [1:29:54]:

I thank the representative of the United States. I now give the floor to the representative of Panama. You have the floor.


Panama [1:30:02]:

Thank you very much, Madam President. We thank the Special Representative of the Secretary-General, James Swan, for his briefing, and we take note of the Secretary-General's latest report on the situation in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Panama notes with deep concern that despite the diplomatic progress achieved through the Doha and Washington processes and the mediation led by the African Union, the situation on the ground remains extremely fragile. The continued violence perpetrated by armed groups, in particular the AFCM-23 and the Allied Democratic Forces, continues to have devastating consequences for the civilian population. The report records 632 civilian deaths during the reporting period, representing a 35% increase compared with the previous reporting period. In this context, we reiterate the importance of the full implementation of Resolution 2773 of 2025, consolidating the ceasefire, ensuring compliance with the commitments undertaken by the parties, and respecting the country's sovereignty, independence, Transparency, independence, unity, and territorial integrity remain indispensable elements for achieving a lasting solution. Madam President, we welcome the tangible progress made in operationalizing the expanded Joint Verification Mechanism Plus, including the appointment of its leadership, the designation of representatives by the parties, and preparations for the first ceasefire verification These developments represent an important step towards translating the political commitments made through the ongoing peace processes into operational mechanisms on the ground. We believe that the principal challenge no longer lies in securing new commitments, but rather in ensuring their effective implementation. Furthermore, we remain concerned about the continuing violations of human rights and international humanitarian law, including abductions, the recruitment of children, summary executions, and conflict-related sexual violence. The protection of civilians must remain the central priority of all national, regional, and international efforts. The humanitarian situation continues to be alarming. The 5.8 million internally displaced persons, the food insecurity affecting more than 26 million people, and the spread of the Ebola outbreak— reflect the scale of the challenges facing the Congolese population. We recognize the significant efforts undertaken by the government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo with the support of the World Health Organization and other international partners to contain the outbreak, strengthening epidemiological surveillance and protecting affected communities. We also welcome the fact that MONUSCO has strengthened its prevention, biosafety, and hygiene measures to safeguard and its personnel. We reiterate our support for humanitarian efforts and call on the international community to ensure adequate resources and safe access for humanitarian workers. Panama expresses its unwavering support for the mission and its personnel, whose work remains indispensable for the protection of civilians. Support for ceasefire monitoring mechanisms and stabilization efforts. In conclusion, we agree that any transition of the mission should be gradual, responsible, and guided by the security conditions on the ground, with the aim of preserving the progress achieved and preventing security vacuums that could be exploited by armed actors to further destabilize conflict-affected areas. Our country will continue to support the efforts led by the Democratic Republic of the Congo in coordination with regional actors and the United Nations under the leadership of Special Representative James Swan to achieve lasting peace and ensure the protection of its population. Thank you.


Colombia · President [1:34:16]:

I thank Panama for their statement. And I now give the floor to the representative of China.


China [1:34:28]:

President, I thank Special Representative Swan for the briefing. As the conflict drags on in Eastern DRC, an Ebola outbreak is raging once again. The security and humanitarian situations in the country have become more severe. The international community must work together to turn the situation around as soon as possible. I will make 5 points. First, achieve a comprehensive ceasefire immediately. At present, the ceasefire implementation in Eastern DRC has fallen short of expectations. The parties to the conflict lack mutual trust and continue to exchange fire. The international community must urge them to fully implement Council Resolution 2773 by ceasing hostilities, respecting IHL, and protecting the safety of civilians. External mediators should step up and facilitate the real implementation of relevant peace agreements. All countries should fully comply with the relevant arms embargo and honor their commitments to cessation of hostilities. In the meantime, the sovereignty, independence, and territorial integrity of the DRC must be fully respected. Second, firmly support a political settlement. The recent resumption of the Doha process in Switzerland is an encouraging development. We encourage the DRC government and M23 to continue to resolve differences through negotiations and promptly agree on the remaining protocols. Regional issues cannot be resolved without the efforts and support of regional countries. The international community should support the central role of the AU in the Eastern DRC peace process. And support greater coordination and synergy among the UN, AU, and sub-regional organizations to help build an open, inclusive, and mutually beneficial regional security and economic framework. Third, every effort must be made to mitigate the humanitarian crisis. The protracted conflict has resulted in a grave humanitarian crisis in Eastern DRC, which was further exacerbated by the recent Ebola outbreak. China supports the efforts of the DRC, the UN, WHO, the Africa CDC, and others to prevent and control the outbreak, and calls on the international community, especially traditional donors, to increase contributions and close the funding gap. The parties to the conflict should prioritize people's lives and health, work together to ensure unhindered humanitarian access, safeguard ensure the safety of medical personnel and humanitarian workers, and strive to overcome the outbreak at an early date. Fourth, the root causes of the conflict must be addressed comprehensively. The DRC's abundant natural resources should have been an important foundation for national development, but they have long been plundered and smuggled by armed groups, becoming a key driver of conflicts. Supports regional countries in establishing transparent and inclusive mineral cooperation mechanisms to sever the chain of illegal resource trade. The Council should support regional organizations and mechanisms in strengthening transparency and traceability in resource exports. Major powers outside the region should avoid treating regional mineral resources as bargaining chips in geopolitical rivalry, genuinely abandon zero-sum thinking, uphold inclusive and open cooperation, and truly help regional countries and peoples benefit from the development and use of resources. Fifth, ensure the effective fulfillment of the mission's mandate. China has always supported MONUSCO in fulfilling its mandate authorized by the Council and calls on relevant parties to lift restrictions on MONUSCO as soon as possible. Under current circumstances, to support the implementation of the ceasefire, MONUSCO should, in accordance with its mandate, use its existing capabilities to provide logistical and technical support to the EJVM+ of the International Conference on the Great Lakes Region. On the issue of large-scale deployment in South Kivu, it should first seek the Council's approval. We encourage the Special Representative to continue strengthening coordination with the SGE's Special Envoy for the Great Lakes Region and to maintain a reasonable division of responsibilities. President, China and African countries, including the DRC, have always been a community with a shared future, standing together through difficulties. In response to the Ebola outbreak, China immediately provided emergency humanitarian assistance to the country, to DRC and the AU, and sent a medical expert team to the country. Recently, China again provided emergency humanitarian assistance to the DRC, Uganda, and the AU and others. China will follow closely the development of the outbreak and, based on the needs of African countries, provide support within its capacity to help the countries concerned overcome the outbreak as soon as possible and stands ready to work with the international community to make greater contributions to helping the region return to peace and stability, and achieve development and prosperity. Thank you, President.


Colombia · President [1:39:51]:

I thank the representative of China for your statement, and I now give the floor to the representative of Pakistan.

You have the floor.


Pakistan [1:40:00]:

Very much, Madam President. I thank Special Representative James Wan for his briefing and express our appreciation and support for the vital work being undertaken by him and his team. Pakistan shares the concern regarding the continued deterioration of the security situation in Eastern DRC and the challenging humanitarian situation in these areas. The persistence of hostilities, the continued territorial expansion and consolidation of control by the AFCM-23, the increasing use of armed drones, and the worsening humanitarian situation underscore the urgent need to translate political commitment into tangible improvements in security and stability. Pakistan welcomes the sustained diplomatic engagement under the African Union-led mediation, the Doha Framework, and the Washington Accords. We commend the efforts of the African Union, Qatar, the United States, Angola, and the Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for the Great Lakes Region, as well as the support provided by Switzerland. Important progress has been made in advancing dialogue and establishing the framework necessary for a ceasefire. The focus must now be on implementation and on securing a durable cessation of hostilities. The Secretary-General's report notes encouraging progress in operationalizing ceasefire oversight and verification arrangements, including through the expanded Joint Verification Mechanism Plus and related structures. These are important steps towards building confidence among the parties and creating conditions for sustainable peace. Full implementation of Resolution 2773 and the commitments undertaken under the various peace processes remains essential. Pakistan looks forward to the renewal of the DRC sanctions regime. We hope that the measures adopted will support implementation of Resolutions 2773 and 2808. State and contribute to advancing peace and stability in the Eastern DRC. Pakistan supports a pragmatic and phased approach to MONUSCO's future role in supporting ceasefire arrangements. MONUSCO remains the only impartial international presence with the institutional experience, logistical reach, and operational capabilities required to support stabilization efforts and the protection of civilians. Once conditions permit, it, the Mission can play a constructive role in supporting monitoring and verification arrangements, including in South Kivu. At the same time, any such role must be guided by realities on the ground. Freedom of movement, unhindered access, cooperation of the parties, and above all, the safety and security of peacekeepers are indispensable prerequisites for success. The Council must ensure ensure that the expectations placed on MONUSCO are realistic and matched by the capabilities and resources made available to the Mission. Madam President, Pakistan pays tribute to the men and women of MONUSCO serving under exceptionally difficult circumstances under the leadership of SRSG James Swan, including in areas affected by the ongoing Ebola outbreak. Their professionalism, dedication, and sacrifice remain indispensable for the protection of civilians sustenance and the pursuit of lasting peace. Pakistan reaffirms its strong support for the sovereignty, unity, and territorial integrity of the DRC. We call on all parties to honor their commitments, fully implement Resolution 2773, and create the conditions necessary for a credible and verifiable ceasefire leading to lasting peace. I thank you very much.


Colombia · President [1:43:45]:

Dedo ila palabra.

I thank the representative of Pakistan for your statement, and I now give the floor to the representative of Denmark. You have the floor.


Denmark [1:43:58]:

Mr. President, I thank SISG Swan for his comprehensive briefing and welcome him to the Council for his first briefing in this capacity. As we have heard, the conflict in the Eastern DRC warrants our continued attention. This is particularly true in the context of the recent Ebola outbreak. The outbreak has placed further strain on an already overstretched humanitarian response, further compounded by continued armed conflict, mass displacement, and persistent human rights violations and abuses. As just recommitted by the parties earlier this week in London for the 6th meeting of the Joint Oversight Committee We urge the immediate cessation of hostilities. This includes refraining from the use of heavy weapons and drone strikes in populated areas and any actions that risk escalating tensions or undermining the ongoing peace efforts led by the US, Qatar, and the African Union. In line with Security Council Resolution 2773 and 2808, We once again urge the withdrawal of the Rwandan Defence Forces from the DRC, for Rwanda to immediately cease all support to the M23, and for the Government of the DRC to refrain from support to armed groups, including FDLR. We further call on all parties to make the Expanded Joint Verification Mechanism Plus fully operational and to finalize the remaining Doha Protocol. We welcome the support of Switzerland for the Doha process. We commend and encourage the ongoing work of MONUSCO in support of the peace processes, including for implementation of a permanent ceasefire in line with its mandate. Madam President, to enable these ongoing efforts, it's essential that MONUSCO has full freedom of movement of its personnel, assets, and supplies. We call for the immediate restoration of full access to the Goma and Kabumo airports, the facilitation of medical evacuations, uninterrupted fuel supply lines, and the cessation of the use of offensive drones and GPS spoofing and jamming. Ensuring safe and unimpeded access for peacekeepers and humanitarian actors is critical, not only for the safety and security of peacekeepers— but also for the protection of civilians. Madam President, the disregard for international law, including international humanitarian and human rights law, is appalling. Reports of summary executions, abductions, forced recruitment, arbitrary detention, and conflict-related sexual violence committed by both armed groups and state actors are unacceptable and must must cease immediately. We call on all parties to comply fully with their obligations under international humanitarian law and international human rights law and to ensure the protection of civilians, particularly women and children. Accountability, including for conflict-related sexual violence and grave violations against children, must remain at the center of national and international efforts to resolve the crisis. In closing, the choice before the parties is clear: continued escalation, suffering and instability, or genuine commitment to peace. The Security Council has spoken clearly through its resolutions. Mediators have created a pathway forward. What is now required is implementation. Denmark remains steadfast in our support for MONUSCO, the peace process under processes underway and the efforts of the Congolese people to build a peaceful, stable, and prosperous future.

I thank you.


Colombia · President [1:47:52]:

Bēla grāci.

I thank the delegation of Denmark. I now give the floor to the delegation of Latvia.


Latvia [1:48:00]:

Draugadala. Thank you, Madam President. I thank Special Representative Swan for his comprehensive briefing today. Latvia also pays tribute to uniformed personnel and civilian staff staff of MONUSCO for their work in very difficult circumstances. Madam President, I will make 3 points today. First, we remain deeply concerned by the troubling humanitarian and security situation in the eastern DRC. We strongly condemn the violence and human rights abuses perpetrated by armed groups in Ituri, North Kivu, and South Kivu. While they are numerous, we want to emphasize that the gruesome and extending reach of ADF's attacks increases concerns about the group's threat to civilians, as highlighted at today's briefing. The Ebola outbreak adds a new layer of complexity. Containing an outbreak is that much harder when insecurity continues to drive displacement. When mistrust, fueled by misinformation and disinformation, reigns. When humanitarian actors face restricted access and are met with intimidation— and violence on their missions. We call on all parties to comply with international humanitarian law and ensure safe, rapid, and unhindered humanitarian access. We commend the support of MONUSCO, UN Country Team, and other humanitarian actors to the Ebola response. Community engagement, national political commitment, regional cooperation, and international support support are needed to break the chains of transmission. Similar ingredients are necessary to break the cycle of violence and impunity. And this is my second point. Latvia supports all efforts to achieve lasting peace in the Eastern DRC. We commend the mediation efforts by the United States, Qatar, and the African Union, as well as support provided by Switzerland. We urge all parties to comply with Security Council resolutions 2773, Resolution 2808, and to implement their obligations and commitments in good faith. Tomorrow marks one year since the signing of the Washington Peace Agreement between the DRC and Rwanda, a significant achievement. Yet while the situation on the ground has changed, it has not substantially improved. Once again, we call on all parties to translate commitments into tangible progress on the ground. We urge Rwanda to cease its support to M23 and withdraw its troops from the DRC. And we also call on the neutralization of the FDLR and the cessation of all support to this and other armed groups. Every delay, every broken commitment or escalation can be measured in human lives lost, traumatized, or displaced. The conflict's growing technological sophistication— including the use of advanced weaponry— increases protection concerns and underlines the obligation to comply with international humanitarian law. The gap between commitments and realities on the battlefield needs to be closed. We therefore urge all parties to remain fully engaged in the peace process and to work towards a permanent, verifiable ceasefire. And this brings me to my third and final point. We welcome MINUSCO's support to the operationalization of the Expanded Joint Verification Mechanism Plus. We look forward to seeing the first ceasefire verification mission take place and urge all parties to ensure the necessary conditions for MINUSCO to play an effective role. It is also important that the mission is adequately, adequately resourced to implement its priority tasks, especially in the current challenging circumstances. Processes, ensuring sustained engagement and effective support for ceasefire implementation. Madam President, to conclude, allow me to reiterate Latvia's commitment to the sovereignty, unity, and territorial integrity of the Democratic Republic of Congo, and to peace and prosperity in the Great Lakes region. I thank you.


Colombia · President [1:52:10]:

I thank the representative of Latvia for your statement, and I now give the floor to the United Kingdom.


United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland [1:52:19]:

Thank you, President. And I thank Special Representative Mr. James Swan for his briefing. I will make 3 points. First, the United Kingdom is concerned by the impact of the Ebola outbreak in eastern DRC, which is worsening an already dire humanitarian situation. We commend the swift response of the Democratic Republic of Congo, and we welcome MONUSCO's efforts to ensure that critical supplies can reach affected areas. The United Kingdom has committed up to $26 million to support the Ebola response. We are working with the DRC, international partners, including the World Health Organ— Organization and Africa CDC, and regional governments to support a coordinated response and to strengthen surveillance, prevention, containment, and preparedness. We call on all parties to provide full and unhindered humanitarian access in line with international law to enable this vital public health response. Second, the UK welcomes the commitments made by the DRC and by Rwanda at the Joint Oversight Committee meeting in London on the 24th of June. It is vital that the agreed steps to de-escalate tensions are taken without delay in accordance with Resolution— Security Council Resolution 2773. We welcome the commitment to support a successful conclusion to the Doha process, and we call on all parties to engage constructively with negotiations on the protocols. We also urge all parties to support the swift deployment of the enhanced an advanced joint verification mechanism, and to ensure that MONUSCO has freedom of movement to support ceasefire monitoring and verification efforts, as well as to fully implement its mandate. Finally, the United Kingdom expresses deep concern over the scale of human rights violations and abuses in Eastern DRC, highlighted in the Secretary-General's OCHA's latest report. This includes widespread conflict-related sexual violence and grave violations against children. We note with concern increased drone strikes, aerial bombardments, and heavy, heavy artillery shelling in densely populated areas, undermining the safety of civilians. The United Kingdom underscores the need for all parties to respect international humanitarian law and protect civic space. I thank you.


Colombia · President [1:55:05]:

I thank the representative of the United Kingdom for their statement. I now give the floor to the representative of Greece. You have the floor.


Greece [1:55:17]:

I wish to congratulate Special Representative James Rwan on assuming the leadership of MONUSCO and to thank him for his insightful briefing. Madame President, at the outset, we observe that despite recent collective international and regional efforts and considerable achievements, the situation in the Democratic Republic of the Congo remains critical. I would like I would like to make the following points. First, we reiterate that Resolutions 2773 and 2808 must be implemented immediately and fully and unconditionally. ADFC M23 must cease hostilities at once and withdraw from Goma, Bukavu, and all other areas under its control. Only legitimate parallel administration administrations must be dismantled and state authorities must— and state authority must be restored throughout the country. The airports of Goma and Kabumu must reopen without delay and all restrictions of MONUSCO's freedom of movement must be lifted. Rwanda Defense Forces must cease all support to AFCM 23 and withdraw immediately and unconditionally from the Congolese territory. All elements of the FDLR must equally be neutralized as a matter of urgency. The illicit exploitation and trafficking of critical minerals which fuel the conflict must stop, and transparency, traceability must be strengthened. Greece reaffirms its unwavering support for the independence, sovereignty, security, unity, and territorial integrity of the DRC. Second, we welcome all efforts aimed at securing a ceasefire and advancing sustainable peace, stability, and reconciliation in Eastern DRC. We commend the United States, Qatar, the African Union, and Angola for the mediation efforts. We welcome the recent dialogue and engagements between the parties under the under the auspices of the Doha Framework. Progress must be made towards the signing of the Protocol on Humanitarian Access, and judicial protection must be sustained. The momentum generated by the Washington Peace Accords for peace and prosperity must be preserved. All parties must de-escalate immediately, honor the commitments they have undertaken, under the various peace processes and accelerate their implementation. We equally commend all efforts towards a sincere national political dialogue aimed at peace, stability, and national cohesion in the DRC. Third, amidst the ongoing Ebola virus disease outbreak, we remain deeply alarmed by the severe and complex humanitarian situation.— the continuous violence in Eastern DRC and the large number of internally displaced persons. We are particularly concerned about the increased use of drones, aerial bombardments, and heavy artillery in densely populated areas across both Kivus. All parties must respect international humanitarian law, ensure safe, rapid, and unhindered assert humanitarian access and facilitate humanitarian flights. We are appalled by the continued grave human rights violations and abuses committed against women and children, notably the large-scale recruitment and use of children, abductions, killings, and maiming, and shocking levels of conflict-related sexual violence. We deeply regret that in recent months alone, 351 grave violations were documented affecting 258 children, 71 girls and 187 boys, with 231 cases in North Kivu and 120 in Ituri. All perpetrators must be brought to justice. Finally, Resolutions 2773 and 2808 reaffirm the Council's full support for MONUSCO, whose role remains critical in the protection of civilians, in responding to urgent humanitarian needs, and supporting the implementation of the Doha and Washington peace processes and the African Union-led mediation. We reaffirm our strong commitment to the safety and security of MONUSCO personnel. We commend MONUSCO for its continued efforts in support of a permanent ceasefire, notably the operationalization of the Enhanced Joint Verification Mechanism Plus alongside the ICGLR. We support the phased adaptive, the phased adaptive scalable and conditions-based approach to MONUSCO's role in support of the implementation of the ceasefire oversight and verification mechanism both in North and South Kivu, matched with the appropriate means and capabilities. Madam President, Greece stands ready to support any further engagement by this Council as necessary towards sustainable peace for peace, stability, and development in the DRC and the wider region. I thank you.


Colombia · President [2:01:10]:

I thank the representative of Greece for her statement. I now give the floor to the Russian Federation.


Russian Federation [2:01:20]:

Madam President, we thank the Special Representative of the Secretary-General, James Swan, for the briefing. We note with regret that the hostilities in the east of the DRC are not ceasing, and despite numerous agreements on paper, the parties continue to rely on military methods. The political and diplomatic track with extra-regional mediation is not yielding results on the ground, and in many respects serves only as a screen for the continuation of armed confrontation. UN data on the number of civilians dying daily in North and South Kivu are a tragic confirmation of the obvious, that this ceasefire is not working. It has to be noted that there is an evolution of the conflict, the qualitative change of its military nature connected with the increase in the use of strike unmanned aerial vehicles, which is manifold. Victims of their attacks become civilians, medical and humanitarian workers, and UN staff. On the 11th of March, as a result of a drone strike on Goma, a UNICEF staff member was killed. We are concerned by information that foreign mercenaries are used as instructors and operators of drones, including those who gained combat experience on the territory of Ukraine. A separate threat is represented by the group Allied Democratic Forces, linked with international terrorist structures and whose leaders take advantage of the escalation in the east of the DRC and increase extremist activity.

So as to eliminate the ADF, what is needed are coordinated measures at the regional level.

We are also ready to work with colleagues in the Council—

so as to help promote efforts to combat this illegal armed group and use the potential of relevant Security Council bodies for that.

The key formula for overcoming challenges posed by extremists and for stabilizing the situation in the eastern provinces lies in the implementation of the requirements of UN Security Council Resolution 2773 on stopping hostilities and ending support by the parties to the conflict for illegal armed groups. In this resolution are listed all the basic, simple truths and steps whose implementation can stop the bloodshed and the suffering of the civilian population. The main elements of the agreements reached between the parties in Washington and Doha essentially reproduce the key provisions of Security Council Resolution 2773. And for as long as this council decision is ignored, civilians in the east of the DRC will continue to lose their lives. A qualitative shift in the situation would be helped by the intensification of regional peacekeeping efforts under the aegis of mediators from the African Union. And the participation of the diplomacy of the continent in particular is needed so as to bring together the conditions which the UN Secretary-General in his recommendations listed as mandatory for the full launch of the ceasefire monitoring and verification mechanism agreed in Doha on the basis of ICGLR. A significant role in its work is given to the UN Stabilization Mission in the DRC. However, the parameters for the involvement of the peacekeepers are limited by the provisions of the mandate Resolution 2808, It is clear that, taking into account the continued hostilities, there can be no talk of expanding this mandate. Any serious changes in the context of involving the mission to the monitoring of a potential ceasefire regime must take into account the real situation on the ground. And this also applies to the potential deployment of peacekeepers in South Kivu, for which, we repeat,— a separate decision of the Council would be necessary. Attempts at arbitrary interpretation of Security Council Resolution 2808, including in connection with the process of agreeing on the mission's budget, will lead to nothing good. We consider it a priority to preserve the constructive interaction of the Council on the Congolese dossier. As a permanent member of the Council, Russia will continue to contribute to facilitating the settlement contradictions between the states of the Great Lakes region through dialogue.

I thank you for your attention.


Colombia · President [2:06:08]:

I thank the representative of Russia for their statement. I now give the floor to the representative of Bahrain. You have the floor.


Bahrain [2:06:20]:

I thank you, Madam President. At the outset, we welcome Mr. James Swan on the occasion of assuming his duties as the Special Representative of the Secretary-General and the head of the United Nations Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. I would also like to thank him for his valuable briefing, and we appreciate the efforts, the continued efforts of the mission amid the complex challenges facing the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Madame President, this meeting is being convened at a time when we are witnessing a clear contrast between diplomatic efforts aimed at promoting stability and de-escalation, on the one hand, and the continued field tensions that threaten to undermine the political progress that has been achieved. In this context, the Kingdom of Bahrain renews its— welcomes once again the renewed momentum in the peace tracks, especially the tracks of Doha and Washington, in addition to the mediation efforts led by the African Union and regional partners. The Kingdom of Bahrain also welcomes the outcomes of the 6th meeting of the Joint Oversight Committee that was held on the 24th of June in London, and with the participation of the DRC and the Republic of Rwanda, and with the support of the United States of America and the State of Qatar and the African Union, represented by the Republic of Togo and the AU Commission. That meeting underscored the importance of fully implementing existing agreements de-escalation, and supporting the rapid deployment of the expanded joint verification mechanism in a manner that enhances the prospects of a ceasefire and of establishing security and stability. Madam President, the Kingdom of Bahrain wishes to emphasize the following points. First, the Kingdom of Bahrain stresses the importance of fully implementing Security Council Resolution number 27/73, particularly with regards to the cessation of hostilities and the immediate withdrawal of the M23 movement and other armed groups from all areas that are under their control in the eastern DRC. And in this context, the Kingdom of Bahrain Shares the contents of the Secretary-General's report, which clearly indicates the continued activities of armed groups and the violations perpetrated against civilians. We express our deep concern over the growing threat posed by the Allied Democratic Forces affiliated with Daesh, or ISIS, in light of their continued terrorist attacks that undermine security and stability in the eastern DRC. The Kingdom of Bahrain reaffirms its firm condemnation of terrorism and violent extremism and all their forms and manifestations. We stress the importance of strengthening international and regional cooperation to combat terrorism and to cut off its sources of financing and to prevent its spread. Second, the Kingdom of Bahrain expresses its concern over the spread of the Ebola virus in the eastern DRC, especially after the World Health Organization announced that the situation constitutes a public health emergency that is of international concern. In this regard, we emphasize the need to intensify international support for national authorities the World Health Organization and humanitarian partners to ensure the containment of the outbreak of the virus and to strengthen the capacity of affected communities so that they are able to address the health and humanitarian consequences of said virus. Third, the Kingdom of Bahrain reiterates that the United Nations Stabilization Mission in the DRC remains a fundamental pillar in supporting stability in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, particularly in the field of the protection of civilians and in supporting peace efforts. We underscore the importance of addressing the root causes of the conflict by strengthening the authority of the state and supporting programs for disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration as essential tools to to reduce the recurrence of violence, to reintegrate former combatants into their communities, and to consolidate the foundations of a sustainable peace. In closing, Madam President, the Kingdom of Bahrain renews its support for efforts aimed at consolidating security and stability in the Democratic Republic of the Congo based on our conviction that dialogue and cooperation among the concerned parties remain the fundamental principles to achieve a sustainable peace that benefits the peoples of the region. I thank you.


Colombia [2:11:56]:

I thank the representative of Bahrain for their statement. And I will now make a statement in my capacity as representative of Colombia. I thank Mr. James Swan for his briefing and for his work as the Special Representative of the Secretary-General and head of MONUSCO. Colombia would like to express its concern over the worsening of the security situation in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, particularly the rising number of civilian casualties in North Kivu, South Kivu, and Ituri. In this regard, my delegation Colombia reiterates its call on all parties to respect the sovereignty, independence, and territorial integrity of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, as well as international human rights law, international humanitarian law, and international refugee law. Colombia also urges the parties to to remain committed to the path of dialogue. And in this connection, it's worth highlighting the regional leadership of the African Union as a source of political legitimacy to coordinate the various diplomatic efforts currently underway and to support the development of a lasting regional solution. Within this context, I would like to emphasize 3 points. Firstly, compliance with this Council's resolutions 2773 and 2808, particularly with regard to an immediate ceasefire, is indispensable. It's indispensable for reducing violence and for creating the conditions necessary to advance the political dialogue. Colombia welcomes the progress made towards operationalizing the Expanded Joint Verification Mechanism and MONUSCO's support within the framework of its mandate, as well as its good offices in promoting the full, equal, meaningful, and safe participation of women in security and governance mechanisms. Secondly, the humanitarian situation continues continues to be critical. The Ebola outbreak is exacerbating a context already marked by conflict, displacement, restrictions on movement, and insufficient resources. The closure of the airports in Goma and Kivumu, together with insecurity, is limiting humanitarian operations and jeopardizing efforts to contain the outbreak. This situation disproportionately affects women and girls who require gender-responsive assistance. Colombia urges the parties to ensure safe, rapid, and unhindered humanitarian access, as well as sufficient resources for a response that integrates protection psychosocial support, and reliable information for affected communities. Thirdly, my country values MONUSCO's continued efforts to fulfill its mandate and sustain its support for the implementation of the ceasefire, as well as the protection of civilians and the humanitarian response. However, we are concerned that that the risks arising from the Ebola outbreak are adding to the operational constraints that the mission was already facing, including restrictions in areas under the control of the AFC/M23, the implementation of the Liquidity Contingency Plan, disinformation, and other logistical challenges. In conclusion, Colombia reiterates that no mission can substitute for the political will of the parties or their responsibilities under international human rights law and international humanitarian law. Without respect for what has been agreed and without a genuine commitment to the diplomatic path, no verification mechanism will be sustainable, nor will peace be able to take firm hold on the ground. Thank you very much. I now resume my functions as President of the Security Council, and I give the floor to the delegate of the Democratic Democratic Republic of the Congo, who's asked for the floor to make a further statement.


Colombia · President [2:17:07]:

You have the floor.


Democratic Republic of the Congo [2:17:09]:

Madame la Présidente.

Madame President, we reiterate our full support to the statement made by Liberia on behalf of A3, of which we are a full member.

We would like to, in the light of the Secretary General's report and the statement just made by the Special Representative of the Secretary General and the head of MINUSCO, would like to add a few comments. First of all, the effective implementation of Security Council decisions on this. The report of the Secretary-General is unambiguous. The offenses— attacks by ADF C-23 continue with the support of the Rwandan Defense Forces. This is an established fact at the highest level of the UN, and this confirms a serious violation of the sovereignty and territorial integrity of my country. On the ground, this coalition continues occupying Congolese territory, establishing parallel administrations, and putting the threat of new military conquest. And the consequences for the civilian population of that are dramatic. Hundreds of civilians are killed daily. Including women and children. Millions of people have been displaced, and massive and serious violations of human rights continue being reported, M23 having been identified as the main perpetrator of these abuses. In this context, my delegation calls for an implementation, comprehensive integration, and an unconditional one of Resolution 2773, in particular, where requires an unconditional withdrawal of the Rwandan Defense Forces from Congolese territory and the immediate cessation of hostilities by M23. Secondly, the central role played by MONUSCO, which was just described by the representative of Liberia, and very well so. Here, my delegation would like to underscore the need of guaranteeing the full freedom of movement for MINUSCA, the lifting of all of the restrictions in the area under M23 control, and the, um, provision of the necessary resources to make sure that the mission can discharge its mandate. Its transition must be a function of the realities on the ground, not as a function of an abstract track timetable. Third, upholding the commitments undertaken within the Washington and Doha processes. In this context, honoring the commitments undertaken by the parties come fully freely under these processes is not an optional thing. More specifically, when it comes to restoring peace in North and South Kivu, which have been occupied, occupied for more than 18 attacks by the Rwandan Defense Forces and their supporters, M23, massacring civilian populations and pillaging natural resources. These acts are not just simple accidents, but these are serious violations of international law. They could be qualified as genocide and an attack on the authority of the Security Council. For our part, the DRC reaffirms our constant commitment, a good faith commitment to the political processes underway. We remain fully committed to the Washington process and the— to the Doha process as well, and to all of the regional initiatives and international initiatives aimed at arriving at lasting peace. We reiterate our full commitment to the mediation conducted by the African Union, which remains essential, uh, in looking for a political solution. And in this regard, we welcome the role played by the African Union as mediator, and we congratulate the Togolese mediator on their efforts and all of the facilitators and partners involved, in particular the African Union, the United United States, Qatar, and the regional organizations. We call for a redoubling of efforts so as to strengthen coordination amongst various initiatives and maintaining constant pressure on those parties which continue violating their commitments. Madam President, my delegation took note with satisfaction of The measures adopted by some international partners, in particular the United States, who just sanctions a vast Rwandan network involved in illicit trafficking of minerals pillaged in the eastern part of my country and transferred to Rwanda subsequently— these measures target a gold refinery in Rwanda and other entities, which support AFCM23 as they destabilize the region. This is something that needs to be supported and encouraged to prevent other incidents of such nature and impunity. These measures confirm what the DRC has been denouncing for a long time, namely that the minerals pillaged in the east are funding the war. Rubaya is about 15% of, uh, the global demand in tantalum. More than hundreds of tons of coltan have been sent to Rwanda in 2024, several months in 2024, and this resulted in $800,000 for the MT23 by month. This is not a parallel economy, this is a war economy. But this goes beyond just the DRC. This shows that there is a normative void within the Security Council. The link between the natural resources, peace, security, and prosperity can no longer be looked at on a case-by-case basis. It needs to benefit from a cross-cutting approach with specific traceability tools, the sanctions, due diligence, and responsibility. Under the chapter of combating impunity for the crimes committed in this context, the DRC would like to inform the Council that today we have introduced an application with the International Court of Court of Justice against the Republic of Rwanda. And through this procedure, the DRC is asking the court to state the international responsibility of Rwanda for violating the Convention on the Prevention and Suppression of the Crime of Genocide, the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, the Convention on the Elimination of all forms of discrimination against women, and the Convention Against Torture. The Democratic Republic of the Congo is also demanding a cessation of hostilities and a comprehensive reparation given to the DRC and the victims. Madam President, the Democratic Republic of the Congo Recalls under another chapter that we continue working for sustainable solutions, including for the refugees from Rwanda, which have been on our territory since 1990. The tripartite reunion in London this year stated that GRC is still holding 196,000 approximately refugees from Rwanda who is asking for asylum, and many of them are biometrically registered, whereas Congolese refugees are also located in Rwanda. And these efforts have to continue with the support of MINUSCO, and they require security, humanitarian access, and the end of parallel administrations. To conclude, Madam President, and since we— as we said in our earlier statement, the DRC reaffirms its legitimate right to fully restore our authority over all of our territory. No lasting solution can be considered without strict respect for our territorial integrity and the complete dismantlement of parallel administrations and the effective restoring of the authority of our state. The position of my government here is clear. There can be no peace without respect for our sovereignty. There can be no credible process that is possible without upholding commitments. There can be no stability without responsibility. The Democratic Republic of the Congo is not lacking will or commitment here. What is expected now and today is resolute action, consistent and collective action to make sure that the Council decisions are upheld and that the suffering of the Congolese people ends Time is no longer to make declaratory statements. The time has come for action. And finally, I would like to thank the Special Representative of the Secretary-General, Mr. Swan, for his briefing earlier, and encourage him and assure him of our support. I thank you.


Colombia · President [2:27:58]:

I thank the representative of the Democratic Republic of the Congo for their statement. There are no more names inscribed on the list of speakers. I now invite Council members to informal consultations to consider— continue our discussion on the subject. The meeting is adjourned.